JP5922238B2 - 断面が非円形である管状セラミックス製構造体の形成方法 - Google Patents
断面が非円形である管状セラミックス製構造体の形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5922238B2 JP5922238B2 JP2014528627A JP2014528627A JP5922238B2 JP 5922238 B2 JP5922238 B2 JP 5922238B2 JP 2014528627 A JP2014528627 A JP 2014528627A JP 2014528627 A JP2014528627 A JP 2014528627A JP 5922238 B2 JP5922238 B2 JP 5922238B2
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- Prior art keywords
- mandrel
- tubular
- forming
- ceramic structure
- tubular ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
- B28B7/348—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials of plastic material or rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/28—Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/30—Cores; Mandrels adjustable, collapsible, or expanding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
- B28B21/42—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by shaping on or against mandrels or like moulding surfaces
- B28B21/44—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by shaping on or against mandrels or like moulding surfaces by projecting, e.g. spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
- B28B21/86—Cores
- B28B21/88—Cores adjustable, collapsible or expansible
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
- B28B21/90—Methods or apparatus for demoulding or discharging after shaping
- B28B21/905—Removing from a mandrel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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Description
a)断面が非円形のポリマー熱収縮チューブであり、この外部表面と、最終的に形成される断面が非円形の管状セラミックス製構造体の内部表面とが対応し、前記内部表面にはボアが形成されるマンドレル要素と、前記マンドレルの前記ボアに対応する非円形の断面を有しており、前記ボアとはフィット性を有するがスライドによって取り外し可能であるスピンドル要素と、を有するマンドレル−スピンドル機構を回転する工程と;
b)回転するマンドレル−スピンドル機構のマンドレル要素の外部表面にセラミックス組成物を塗布し、内部表面とマンドレルの外部表面とが接触している、断面が非円形である管状セラミックス組成物を形成する工程と;
c)スピンドルをマンドレルのボアから取り外し、管状セラミックス製構造体の内部表面とマンドレルの外部表面との接触が維持された、マンドレル−管状セラミックス製構造体機構を形成する工程と;
d)マンドレル−管状セラミックス製構造体機構のマンドレル要素を熱収縮し、マンドレルの大きさを収縮することにより、マンドレルの外部表面と、断面が非円形である管状セラミックス製構造体の内部表面とが分離され、マンドレルからの取り外しを容易にする工程と;を含む。
さらに、本発明の方法によって管状セラミックス製構造体を製造する最初の手順において形成される熱収縮する管状マンドレルは、最終的には管状の製品と分離されるため、ディップコーティング時のように、熱収縮マンドレルが管状基板に永久的に固定されることが無い。
グリーン(生)状態であり、断面が正三角形状でその角が丸型になっている管状アノードの寸法は以下の通りである:長さ230mm、断面の面積31.5mm2、壁面の厚み0.50mm。
貯蔵された、熱収縮性があり、7.6mmの外径を有するPET製の円筒状チューブは、230mmの長さに切り分けられ、それぞれの管状の部分の重量が±0.01gの誤差に収められる。長さ305mmの被膜部とポリテトラフロロエチレン(PTFE)の摩擦軽減層とを有し、製造される管状アノード構造体の三角形状のボアに対応する断面を有する三角形状スピンドルは、PETの管状部分のボアに挿入されることによって、特大マンドレル−スピンドルサブ機構の収縮前処理が行われる。サブ機構は熱対流炉において、約10分間、110℃の環境に露出され、PETの管状部分(サブ機構の特大マンドレル要素)は、マンドレルがスピンドルにフィットするがスライドすることによって取り外し可能な大きさになるまで収縮される。このように形成されたマンドレル−スピンドル機構には、スプレーが塗布される。
三角形状のマンドレル−スピンドル機構は、(ニューヨーク州ミルトンに拠点を置く、Sono-Tek Corporationによる)FlexiCoat超音波スプレーコーティング装置の走行支援フレームに装備される。マンドレル−スピンドル機構は、スプレー操作時において、長手軸を中心軸として125rpmの速度で回転される。回転時のマンドレルの表面と超音波スプレーノズルの先端との距離は、前述した装置のカム機構によって一定に保たれる。超音波スプレーノズルは、微小滴のアノード組成物を、回転しているマンドレルの表面に0.5ml/秒の早さで滴下する。スプレーが回転しているマンドレルの表面に滴下されると、スラリーを形成する要素のうち揮発性が高い、アノード組成物のメチルエチルケトン(MEK)要素が十分に蒸発されることにより、スプレーされた要素は半乾きとなり、均一のコーティングまたは上部層としてマンドレルに粘着する。スプレー装置の走行支援フレームの反復運動によって、マンドレルの表面にアノード組成物が蓄積される。所定の時間(または所定のスプレーサイクル)が終了した後、スプレーは停止され、スピンドルはコーティングされたマンドレルから取り外しされることにより、三角形状のマンドレル−管状アノード機構が形成される。後者は、マンドレルに5.6gのアノード組成物が塗布され、揮発性が高いMEK要素によって蒸発した状態における、管状アノード構造体の重量の±0.01gの範囲となる。
三角形状のマンドレル−管状アノード機構は、例えばマンドレルの内径よりも約20〜30%ほど小さい直径を有するセラミックス製ピンによって、垂直に支持される。支持されたマンドレルは熱対流炉に配置され、摂氏250℃の目的温度に達するまで、摂氏1℃/分の加熱及び冷却速度で熱され、目的温度にて60分間滞留される。熱処理の結果、マンドレルが収縮し、円管状アノードの内部表面から分離することにより、マンドレルが取り外し可能となる。
Claims (22)
- 断面が非円形である管状セラミックス製構造体を製造する方法であり、前記方法は:
a)最終的に製造される管状セラミックス製構造体の非円形である内部断面に対応し、外部断面が非円形であるマンドレル−スピンドル機構を回転する工程であって、
内部表面と外部表面とを有し、断面が非円形のポリマー熱収縮チューブであり、前記内部表面にはボアが形成され、前記外部表面が前記管状セラミックス製構造体の内部表面に対応するマンドレル要素と、
前記マンドレル要素の前記ボアに対応する非円形の断面を有しており、前記ボアとはフィット性を有するがスライドによって取り外し可能であるスピンドル要素と、を有するマンドレル−スピンドル機構を回転する工程と;
b)回転するマンドレル−スピンドル機構の前記マンドレル要素の外部表面にセラミックス組成物を塗布し、その内部表面と前記マンドレル要素の外部表面とが接触している、断面が非円形である管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する工程と;
c)前記スピンドル要素を前記マンドレル要素のボアから取り出し、前記管状セラミックス製構造体の内部表面と前記マンドレル要素の外部表面との接触が維持された、マンドレル−管状セラミックス製構造体機構を形成する工程と;
d)マンドレル−管状セラミックス製構造体機構の前記マンドレル要素を熱収縮し、前記マンドレル要素の大きさを収縮することにより、前記マンドレル要素の外部表面と、断面が非円形である管状セラミックス製構造体の内部表面とが分離され、前記マンドレル要素からの取り外しを容易にする工程と;を有する、管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。 - 前記マンドレル要素は、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンテフタレートのブロック共重合体、ポリスチレンのブロック共重合体、ポリ(1、4−ブタジエン)、及びこれらの混合物または合金のグループから選択された材料から形成される形状記憶ポリマーからなる、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記マンドレル−スピンドル機構の前記断面は、頂点が丸くなった凸型または非凸型の多角形である、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記セラミックス組成物は、固体酸化物形燃料電池の管状アノード要素を構成するアノード組成物である、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記セラミックス組成物は、スプレー工程によって前記マンドレル要素の前記外部表面に塗布される、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記セラミックス組成物は、超音波スプレー工程によって前記マンドレル要素の前記外部表面に塗布される、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記アノード組成物は、超音波スプレー工程によって前記マンドレル要素の前記外部表面に塗布される、請求項4に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記アノード組成物は:
粒状のセラミックスと;
粒状の金属源と;
スラリーを形成する液体と;
分散剤、バインダ及びバインダを形成する材料の少なくとも一つと;
を含む、請求項4に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。 - 前記粒状のセラミックスは、イットリウム酸化物、ジルコニウム酸化物、セリウム酸化物、ランタン酸化物、ガリウム酸化物、ストロンチウム酸化物、マグネシウム、スカンジウム酸化物、サマリウム酸化物、プラセオジウム酸化物、及びその混合物のグループから少なくとも1つが選択され;
前記粒状の金属源は、ニッケル、銅、銀、プラチナ、ルテニウム、パラジウム、及びその合成物及び混合物のグループから選択され;
前記スラリーを形成する液体は、水、有機溶剤及びその混合物から少なくとも1つ選択される、請求項8に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。 - 前記セラミックス組成物の粘度は、摂氏20℃において1〜500,000cP(センチポアズ)の範囲内である、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記アノード組成物の粘度は、摂氏20℃において1〜100cP(センチポアズ)の範囲内である、請求項4に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記セラミックス組成物が塗布される工程において、前記セラミックス組成物の配合が変更または調整される、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記アノード組成物が塗布される工程において、前記アノード組成物の配合が変更または調整される、請求項4に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記アノード組成物が塗布される工程で前記アノード組成物が変更または調整されて、前記管状アノード要素の選択部分または選択領域を形成する請求項13に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記スピンドル要素の外部表面には、マンドレル−スピンドル機構から前記スピンドル要素を取り外す工程を容易にするため、摩擦抵抗被膜部または潤滑剤が塗布される、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- スプレーノズルの先端と回転時の前記マンドレル−スピンドル機構の表面との距離がほぼ一定に保たれる、請求項5に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- スプレーノズルの先端と回転時の前記マンドレル−スピンドル機構の表面との距離がほぼ一定に保たれる、請求項7に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記管状セラミックス製構造体は以下のA寸法,B寸法,C寸法のいずれか一つの寸法である、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記セラミックス組成物は、粒状のスラリーとして前記マンドレル要素の前記外部表面に塗布される、請求項1に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記アノード組成物は、粒状のスラリーである、請求項4に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記アノード組成物は、粒状のスラリーである、請求項7に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
- 前記粒状のスラリーは、超音波スプレー工程によって前記マンドレル要素の前記外部表面に塗布される、請求項19に記載の管状セラミックス製構造体を形成する方法。
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US13/223,359 US8652707B2 (en) | 2011-09-01 | 2011-09-01 | Process for producing tubular ceramic structures of non-circular cross section |
PCT/US2012/053305 WO2013033512A2 (en) | 2011-09-01 | 2012-08-31 | Process for producing tubular ceramic structures of non-circular cross section |
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ZA201401500B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
BR112014004775A2 (pt) | 2017-03-21 |
AU2012301746B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
CN103875109A (zh) | 2014-06-18 |
WO2013033512A3 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
MX340580B (es) | 2016-07-15 |
AU2012301746A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
CN103875109B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
JP2014528142A (ja) | 2014-10-23 |
CA2846868A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
US8652707B2 (en) | 2014-02-18 |
EP2751864A2 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
KR101703796B1 (ko) | 2017-02-07 |
US20130059223A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
RU2560455C1 (ru) | 2015-08-20 |
KR20140068128A (ko) | 2014-06-05 |
WO2013033512A2 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
CA2846868C (en) | 2019-10-29 |
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