JP5843612B2 - 肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcuspneumoniae)血清型19A多糖の分子量を制御するための方法 - Google Patents
肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcuspneumoniae)血清型19A多糖の分子量を制御するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5843612B2 JP5843612B2 JP2011542425A JP2011542425A JP5843612B2 JP 5843612 B2 JP5843612 B2 JP 5843612B2 JP 2011542425 A JP2011542425 A JP 2011542425A JP 2011542425 A JP2011542425 A JP 2011542425A JP 5843612 B2 JP5843612 B2 JP 5843612B2
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds
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Description
多糖分子量に対する二酸化炭素供給効果
発酵
3LのBraun Biostat B発酵槽(B. Braun Biotech、米国ペンシルベニア州Allentown)で実験室での実験を行った。発酵槽にHYS培地(20g/L HySoy、2.5g/L NaCl、0.5g/L KH2PO4、0.013g/L CaCl2・2H2O、0.15g/L L−システインHCl)1.8Lを充填した。次いで発酵槽を、121℃で60分間加圧滅菌した。冷却した後、各ユニットに50%グルコース+1%硫酸マグネシウム(w/v)(DMS)溶液40または60mL/Lを加えた。必要に応じて、接種の前に重炭酸ナトリウムを加えた。
Shimadzu(米国メリーランド州Columbia)UV−1601(2nm帯域幅)またはSpectronics(米国ニューヨーク州Westbury)Genesys 5分光光度計(5nm帯域幅)を用いて600nmで試料の吸光度を読み取ることによって、発酵ブロスの細胞密度を決定した。ユニットは、試料の要求される希釈度に合うように脱イオン(DI)水で希釈したHYS培地で対照をとった。吸光度の数値を、十分に分光光度計の直線領域の範囲内である0.4未満に維持するために試料を希釈した。
細胞を遠心分離機で分離し、その上清をそのまま、もしくはDI水で3倍希釈することによって、グルコースレベルを決定した。試料をNova Biomedical(米国マサチューセッツ州Waltham)BioProfile 400で分析した。
試料を最終発酵読み取り値で採取し、0.13%(w/v)の濃度まで12%デオキシコール酸ナトリウム(DOC)で処理し、穏やかに撹拌した。それらを5℃で8〜24時間保持し、次いで50%酢酸でpHを5.0に調節して、大部分のDOCおよびタンパク質を沈殿させた。5℃でのさらに12〜24時間の保持間隔の後、試料を遠心分離した(14000rpm、Sorvall(Thermo Fisher Scientific、米国マサチューセッツ州Waltham)SS34ローター、15℃で10分)。上清のpHを6.0に調節した。次いで、上清を0.45μm Pall(米国ニューヨーク州East Hills)HT Tuffryn膜シリンジフィルター(低タンパク質結合)に通してろ過した。ろ過した生成物を、当技術分野でよく知られている標準的な方法を用いて高速サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(HPLC−SEC)によって分析した(例えば、Aquilar、M.「HPLC of Peptides and Proteins: Methods and Protocols」 Totowa、NJ: Humana Press(2004)を参照のこと)。
タンパク質レベルを、当技術分野でよく知られているドデシル硫酸ナトリウムポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動(SDS−PAGE)法によって分析した(例えば、Walker、J.M.「The Protein Protocols Handbook」 Totowa、NJ: Humana Press(2002)を参照のこと)。上記で調製したろ過した細胞溶解物(上清)をアリコートにして65μL/チューブでマイクロチューブ中に入れた。還元剤(10μLジチオスレイトール(DTT))およびNuPAGE(登録商標)(Invitrogen、米国カリフォルニア州Carlsbad)4倍ドデシル硫酸リチウム(LDS)試料バッファー(25μL)の添加を各試料に行った。試料をボルテックスにかけて10分間加熱してからNuPAGE(登録商標)4〜12%Bis−Tris12ウェルゲルに10μL/レーンを導入した。ゲルをNuPAGE(登録商標)MES−SDSバッファー中150Vで約60分間に限定して泳動し、続いてZoion染色プロトコル(Zoion Biotech、米国マサチューセッツ州Worcester)を用いて染色した。LabWorks(商標)(UVP Inc.)V.3ソフトウェアを備えたUVP Imager(UVP Inc.、米国カリフォルニア州Upland)を用いて試料分析を行って、目的とする特定のタンパク質バンドのおおよその濃度を得た。ウシ血清アルブミン(BSA)フラクションVを使用してタンパク質の標準曲線を作って、試料(溶解した細胞ブロス中)のおおよそのタンパク質値を計算した。
発酵試料1〜2リットルを、200rpmで撹拌しながら12%ナトリウムDOCで処理して0.13%(w/v)の濃度にした。試料を5℃または20℃のいずれかで8〜24時間保持した。次いで、50%酢酸で試料のpHを5.0または6.6に調節して、大部分のDOCおよびタンパク質を沈殿させた。5℃での12〜24時間の別の保持間隔の後、試料を遠心分離した(11000rpm、Sorvall(Thermo Fisher Scientific、米国マサチューセッツ州Waltham)SLA−3000ローター、10℃で15分)。次いで、3N NaOHで上清試料のpHを6.0に調節し、0.45μm Millipore(米国マサチューセッツ州Billerica)MP60フィルターを用いてろ過した。次いで、試料を、100K分子量カットオフ(MWCO)ダイアフィルトレーション(5倍濃度、続いてDI水を用いた7.5倍ダイアフィルトレーション)、0.1%HB沈殿、および炭素ろ過で構成される改変精製プロセスにかけた。次いで、精製した物質を多角度光散乱(MALLS)分析にかけた。
これまでの試験に基づいて、塩基滴定液としてNa2CO3からNaOHに切り換えることによって発酵プロセスを最適化した。NaOHの使用により、回収pHを5.0に下げることが可能になり、顕著なタンパク質沈殿が得られた。Na2CO3は、CO2を低pH(<6.6)で放出し、発泡体の形成をもたらす。19A型多糖およびタンパク質レベルに対する塩基滴定液の影響を調べた。3L発酵槽2台を設置し、1台の発酵槽は、塩基供給として20%Na2CO3溶液(w/v)を用いて元のプロセスの対照とした。他の発酵槽は、塩基供給として3N NaOHを使用した。
3Lスケールでの一連の発酵を行って、塩基滴定液、HySoy濃度およびpH保持ステップが血清型19A分子量に影響を及ぼしたかどうかを決定した。改変精製プロセスとその後のMALLSアッセイを用いて分子量決定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第1の試験(実験L29331−122および−139)では、DOC保持ステップ後にpH5.0保持ステップと共に異なるレベルの初期重炭酸ナトリウムおよび水酸化ナトリウムと炭酸ナトリウムの塩基ブレンドを使用した。初期の重炭酸塩添加は、10〜50mMの範囲であり、塩基滴定液用の3N水酸化ナトリウムに加えた炭酸ナトリウムは、0.2〜1.8Mの範囲であった。1つの実験は、50mM初期重炭酸塩を含有しており、塩基滴定液としてNaOHを使用した。これらの発酵の終わりの炭酸塩レベルは、14〜111mMの範囲であった。血清型19A分子量は、520〜713kDaの範囲であった。実験パラメーターおよび結果を表2に示す。
塩基ブレンドプロセス(0.7M Na2CO3/3N NaOH)と炭酸塩滴定液プロセス(20%Na2CO3溶液、w/v)を比較するために実験を行った。結果(表4)は、炭酸塩滴定液プロセスの分子量が、塩基ブレンドプロセス(561−671kDa)の分子量よりも高く、より安定(778、781kDa)していたことを立証した。多糖収量も、Na2CO3プロセスでより高かった。
種々の塩基滴定液を用いたいくつかの血清型19Aパイロットスケール(100L)実験を行った。完全な精製プロセスとその後のMALLSアッセイを用いて分子量決定を行い、最終精製バッチのものを報告している。結果を表5示す。
3Lスケールでの一連の発酵を行って、塩基滴定液および大気通気が分子量に影響を及ぼしたかどうかを決定した。改変精製プロセスとその後のMALLSアッセイを用いて分子量決定を行った。結果を表6示す。
血清型19A多糖の分子量に対する回収時間の影響力も調べた。表7は、MWの減少を発酵ODおよび回収時間の関数として示す一実験のデータをまとめて示している。
Claims (10)
- 高分子量の単離肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)血清型19A莢膜多糖を含有する溶液を生成するための方法であって、
a)血清型19A莢膜多糖を生成する肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)細菌細胞の培養物を調製するステップと、
b)前記培養物を3時間〜6時間発酵させるステップと、
c)前記発酵培養物中で細菌細胞を溶解するステップと、
d)前記発酵培養物から肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)血清型19A莢膜多糖を単離するステップとを含む、方法。 - 前記高分子量の単離肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)血清型19A莢膜多糖が少なくとも480kDの分子量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 高分子量の単離肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)血清型19A莢膜多糖を含有する溶液を生成するための方法であって、
a)血清型19A莢膜多糖を生成する肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)細菌細胞の培養物を調製するステップと、
b)前記培養物にCO2を供給するステップと、
c)前記培養物を3時間〜6時間発酵させるステップと、
d)前記発酵培養物中で細菌細胞を溶解するステップと、
e)前記発酵培養物から肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)血清型19A莢膜多糖を単離するステップとを含む、方法。 - 前記高分子量の単離肺炎連鎖球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)血清型19A莢膜多糖の分子量が少なくとも480kDである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記培養物にCO2を供給するステップが、培養物に重炭酸イオン(HCO3 −)を加えるステップを含む、請求項3または請求項4に記載の方法。
- 培養物にHCO3 −を加えるステップが、NaHCO3を加えるステップを含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記培養物にCO2を供給するステップが、培養物に炭酸イオン(CO3 2−)を加えるステップを含む、請求項3または請求項4に記載の方法。
- 培養物にCO3 2−を加えるステップが、Na2CO3を加えるステップを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記培養物にCO2を供給するステップが、NaHCO3の第1の添加およびNa2CO3の第2の添加を含む、請求項3または請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記培養物にCO2を供給するステップが、培養物の上部にCO2を通気するステップを含む、請求項3または請求項4に記載の方法。
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