JP5823014B2 - 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5823014B2 JP5823014B2 JP2014248978A JP2014248978A JP5823014B2 JP 5823014 B2 JP5823014 B2 JP 5823014B2 JP 2014248978 A JP2014248978 A JP 2014248978A JP 2014248978 A JP2014248978 A JP 2014248978A JP 5823014 B2 JP5823014 B2 JP 5823014B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric ceramic
- lead
- ceramic composition
- main phase
- free piezoelectric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 91
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 79
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002524 electron diffraction data Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003077 Ti−O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 42
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 42
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 32
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000002003 electron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005438 FeTi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005191 Ga 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003991 Rietveld refinement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010025037 T140 peptide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003711 image thresholding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/495—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum or tungsten oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. vanadates, niobates, tantalates, molybdates or tungstates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/09—Forming piezoelectric or electrostrictive materials
- H10N30/093—Forming inorganic materials
- H10N30/097—Forming inorganic materials by sintering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/853—Ceramic compositions
- H10N30/8542—Alkali metal based oxides, e.g. lithium, sodium or potassium niobates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/87—Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3203—Lithium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3213—Strontium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3215—Barium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
- C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3232—Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3244—Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3251—Niobium oxides, niobates, tantalum oxides, tantalates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3255—Niobates or tantalates, e.g. silver niobate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3262—Manganese oxides, manganates, rhenium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. MnO
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3262—Manganese oxides, manganates, rhenium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. MnO
- C04B2235/3267—MnO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3272—Iron oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. hematite, magnetite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3275—Cobalt oxides, cobaltates or cobaltites or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bismuth cobaltate, zinc cobaltite
- C04B2235/3277—Co3O4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3279—Nickel oxides, nickalates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3284—Zinc oxides, zincates, cadmium oxides, cadmiates, mercury oxides, mercurates or oxide forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3286—Gallium oxides, gallates, indium oxides, indates, thallium oxides, thallates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc gallate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/604—Pressing at temperatures other than sintering temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/76—Crystal structural characteristics, e.g. symmetry
- C04B2235/768—Perovskite structure ABO3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/79—Non-stoichiometric products, e.g. perovskites (ABO3) with an A/B-ratio other than 1
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Description
前記副相は、以下の(a)〜(e)のうちから選ばれた一種以上の金属酸化物である。
(a)Mg(マグネシウム),Ni(ニッケル),Co(コバルト),Fe(鉄),Mn(マンガン),Cr(クロム),Zr(ジルコニウム),Ti(チタン),Ag(銀),Zn(亜鉛),Sc(スカンジウム),Bi(ビスマス)から選ばれた金属元素からなる単一金属酸化物
(b)M−Ti−O系スピネル化合物(元素Mは1〜5価の金属)
(c)A 2 B 6 O 13 系化合物(元素Aは1価の金属、元素Bは2〜6価の金属)
(d)A 3 B 5 O 15 系化合物(元素Aは1〜2価の金属、元素Bは2〜5価の金属)
(e)A−Ti−B−O系化合物(元素Aはアルカリ金属、元素BはNbとTaのうちの少なくとも1種)
この構成によれば、主相が圧電定数d33及び電気機械結合係数krに関して効果的な値を示す結晶構造を有し、また、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の緻密度が十分に高いので、圧電定数d33及び電気機械結合係数krに優れた無鉛圧電磁器組成物を提供することができる。
この構成によれば、副相が、主相の空孔を充填することによって主相の構造を安定化するので、圧電定数d33及び電気機械結合係数krに優れた無鉛圧電磁器組成物を提供することができる。
この構成によれば、更に圧電定数d33及び電気機械結合係数krに優れた無鉛圧電磁器組成物を提供することができる。
この構成によれば、安定した主相が得られるので、更に圧電定数d33及び電気機械結合係数krに優れた無鉛圧電磁器組成物を提供することができる。
この構成によれば、前記ニオブ/タンタル酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物がタンタル酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物である場合と比べて、キュリー温度(Tc)が高い無鉛圧電磁器組成物を提供することができる。
この方法によれば、上記無鉛圧電磁器組成物を容易に作成することができる。
主相を形成するペロブスカイト酸化物は、ニオブ酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物とタンタル酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物の少なくとも一方を含むことが好ましい。「ニオブ/タンタル酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物」という用語は、これらの複数種類のペロブスカイト酸化物の総称である。ニオブ/タンタル酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物のアルカリ系成分は、アルカリ金属(K(カリウム),Na(ナトリウム),Li(リチウム),Rb(ルビジウム)等)を少なくとも含み、また、アルカリ土類金属(Ca(カルシウム),Sr(ストロンチウム),Ba(バリウム)等)を含み得る。このようなニオブ/タンタル酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物としては、以下の組成式で表されるものが好ましい。
ここで、元素CはCa(カルシウム),Sr(ストロンチウム),Ba(バリウム),Rb(ルビジウム)の一種以上、元素DはNb(ニオブ),Ta(タンタル),Ti(チタン),Zr(ジルコニウム)のうちの少なくともNb又はTaを含む一種以上、元素EはMg(マグネシウム),Al(アルミニウム),Sc(スカンジウム),Mn(マンガン),Fe(鉄),Co(コバルト),Ni(ニッケル),Zn(亜鉛),Ga(ガリウム),Y(イットリウム)の一種以上であり、a+b+c+d=1、eは任意、f+g=1、hはペロブスカイトを構成する任意の値である。
(KaNabLicC1d1C2d2)e(D1f1D2f2D3f3E1g1E2g2)Oh …(1a)
ここで、a+b+c+d1+d2=1、eは任意、f1+f2+f3+g1+g2=1、hはペロブスカイトを構成する任意の値である。この組成式(1a)は、上記組成式(1)と等価である。この例から理解できるように、元素Cが2種類の金属元素を含む場合には、元素Cの係数dの値は、2種類の元素C1,C2の係数d1,d2の和で表される。元素D,Eも同様である。
本発明の実施形態としての無鉛圧電磁器組成物は、主相と異なる金属酸化物を副相として含み得る。副相は、例えば、以下の(a)〜(e)のうちから選ばれた一種以上の金属酸化物を含むことが好ましい。
(a)Mg(マグネシウム),Ni(ニッケル),Co(コバルト),Fe(鉄),Mn(マンガン),Cr(クロム),Zr(ジルコニウム),Ti(チタン),Ag(銀),Zn(亜鉛),Sc(スカンジウム),Bi(ビスマス)から選ばれた金属元素からなる単一金属酸化物
(b)M−Ti−O系スピネル化合物(元素Mは1〜5価の金属)
(c)A2B6O13系化合物(元素Aは1価の金属、元素Bは2〜6価の金属)
(d)A3B5O15系化合物(元素Aは1〜2価の金属、元素Bは2〜5価の金属)
(e)A−Ti−B−O系化合物(元素Aはアルカリ金属、元素BはNbとTaのうちの少なくとも1種)
MxTiOy …(2)
ここで、元素Mは、1〜5価の金属元素であり、Li(リチウム),Na(ナトリウム),K(カリウム),Mg(マグネシウム),Al(アルミニウム),Sc(スカンジウム),Cr(クロム),Mn(マンガン),Fe(鉄),Co(コバルト),Ni(ニッケル),Zn(亜鉛),Ga(ガリウム),Y(イットリウム),Zr(ジルコニウム),Sn(スズ),Sb(アンチモン),Nb(ニオブ),Ta(タンタル),Si(ケイ素),Hf(ハフニウム)のうちの少なくとも1種である。なお、元素MとしてLiを含む場合には、スピネル化合物を形成するために、上記金属元素のうちのLi以外の他の1種以上の金属元素がLiとともに含まれることが好ましい。係数x,yは、Tiの含有量を1としたときの相対値である。スピネル化合物を形成するために、係数xは、0.5≦x≦8.0を満たすことが好ましく、0.5≦x≦5.0を満たすことが更に好ましい。また、係数yは、スピネル化合物を形成する任意の値であるが、典型的には2≦y≦8を満たすことが好ましい。具体的なスピネル化合物としては、例えば、NiFeTiO4,MgFeTiO4,Ni2(Ti,Zr)O4,Ni2(Ti,Hf)O4,Ni1.5FeTi0.5O4,CoMgTiO4,CoFeTiO4,(Fe,Zn,Co)2TiO4,CoZnTiO4を使用することが好ましい。スピネル化合物は、主相の構造を安定化するので、圧電定数d33及び電気機械結合係数krに優れた圧電磁器組成物を得ることができる。
A1-xTi1-xB1+xO5 (3)
A1Ti3B1O9 (4)
ここで、元素Aはアルカリ金属(K(カリウム),Rb(ルビジウム),Cs(セシウム)等)のうちの少なくとも1種であり、元素BはNb(ニオブ)とTa(タンタル)のうちの少なくとも1種である。上記(3)式の係数xは任意の値である。但し、係数xは、0≦x≦0.15を満たすことが好ましい。係数xがこの範囲の値を取れば、化合物の構造が安定し、均一な結晶相を得ることができる。
図4A,4Bに示す副相割合(体積%)は、次のようにして測定した。まず、各サンプルの焼結体を鏡面研磨し、導電処理を施した後、電子プローブ・マイクロアナライザー(EPMA)により1000倍の反射電子像を撮影した。この際、1個のサンプルについて10箇所の反射電子像を撮影した。こうして得られた反射電子像を8階調で表現し、階調に応じて主相と副相と空孔の3つの領域に分離した。その後、画像解析ソフトウェアを用いて副相の面積率を測定した。そして、副相の面積率が最大値となる画像と最小値となる画像を除く8枚の画像における副相の面積率の平均値を、そのサンプルにおける副相の面積率として採用した。こうして得られた副相の面積率を、副相の体積率(副相割合)として使用した。本実施形態では、画像処理ソフトは、三谷商事株式会社製のWinROOFを使用した。
Na/K比の測定及び電子線回折像の撮影は、エネルギー分散型X線分析(EDS)装置と電子線回折測定装置とが付属した透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)装置(トプコン社製 EM-002B)を用いて行った。これらの測定を行うに際し、TEM分析用試料は、焼結体を直径3.0mmのディスクに切り出し、約50μm膜厚まで機械研磨を行った。その後、ディスクの中心を約10μm膜厚まで薄肉化するために、加速電圧2〜4keVのAr+イオンを入射角度4°で入射させて薄片化試料を準備した。電子線回折像の観察は加速電圧200kVで実施した。さらに、取得した電子線回折像のコントラスト、明るさ、ガンマ補正、彩度を、装置の機能を用いて適宜調整することで、スポットが明瞭になるように色調補正した。
上述した<Na/K比の測定及び電子線回折像の取得方法>で説明したように、主相を擬似立方晶として表記した場合に<100>方向より電子線を入射することで、主相の電子線回折像を取得した。この電子線回折像は、主相以外の相(例えば副相)を含まず、主相のみを含む領域の像である。この電子線回折像に対して、高速フーリエ変換法(Fast Fourier Transform, FFT)法を用いて第2スポット群を抽出することで、第2スポット群を反映する結晶相領域を特定した。手順としては電子線回折像に対し高速フーリエ変換を行い、第2スポット群の回折スポットにマスクをかけて逆フーリエ変換の処理を行った。
なお、この発明は上記の実施例や実施形態に限られるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の態様において実施することが可能である。
20…焼成サヤ
100…圧電磁器
200…圧電素子
301…電極
302…電極
Claims (7)
- 圧電特性を有するニオブ/タンタル酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物を主相とし、前記主相と異なる金属酸化物を副相とする無鉛圧電磁器組成物であって、
前記主相におけるNa(ナトリウム)とK(カリウム)のモル比(Na/K)が0.40<(Na/K)<3.0を満たし、
前記主相は、透過型電子顕微鏡により、前記主相を擬似立方晶として表記した場合に<100>方向より電子線を入射することで取得した電子線回折像において、
(i)基本格子周期に対応する第1スポット群と、
(ii)前記基本格子周期の2倍の格子周期に対応し、前記第1スポット群よりも弱い第2スポット群と、
が現れる結晶構造を有し、
前記主相における前記第2スポット群を反映する結晶相の面積比率が33%以下であり、前記主相における前記第2スポット群を反映する結晶の最大粒子径が25nm以下であり、
前記副相は、以下の(a)〜(e)のうちから選ばれた一種以上の金属酸化物である、ことを特徴とする無鉛圧電磁器組成物。
(a)Mg(マグネシウム),Ni(ニッケル),Co(コバルト),Fe(鉄),Mn(マンガン),Cr(クロム),Zr(ジルコニウム),Ti(チタン),Ag(銀),Zn(亜鉛),Sc(スカンジウム),Bi(ビスマス)から選ばれた金属元素からなる単一金属酸化物
(b)M−Ti−O系スピネル化合物(元素Mは1〜5価の金属)
(c)A 2 B 6 O 13 系化合物(元素Aは1価の金属、元素Bは2〜6価の金属)
(d)A 3 B 5 O 15 系化合物(元素Aは1〜2価の金属、元素Bは2〜5価の金属)
(e)A−Ti−B−O系化合物(元素Aはアルカリ金属、元素BはNbとTaのうちの少なくとも1種) - 請求項1に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物であって、
前記副相は、前記主相の間に形成される空孔を充填することを特徴とする無鉛圧電磁器組成物。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物であって、
前記モル比(Na/K)が1.0<(Na/K)<2.0を満たすことを特徴とする無鉛圧電磁器組成物。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物であって、
前記主相におけるNa(ナトリウム)とK(カリウム)が、前記主相のペロブスカイト構造のAサイト原子のうちの89モル%以上を占める、ことを特徴とする無鉛圧電磁器組成物。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物であって、
前記ニオブ/タンタル酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物は、ニオブ酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト酸化物であることを特徴とする無鉛圧電磁器組成物。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物で形成された圧電磁器と、
前記圧電磁器に取り付けられた電極と、
を備えることを特徴とする圧電素子。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法であって、
前記無鉛圧電磁器組成物の焼結前の成形体を作成する成形工程と、
密閉容器内に前記成形体を封入して焼成を行う密閉焼成工程と、
を含み、
前記密閉焼成工程において、前記密閉容器の容積に対する前記成形体の体積の占有割合を1%以上30%以下とすることを特徴とする無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014248978A JP5823014B2 (ja) | 2014-04-11 | 2014-12-09 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 |
CN201580019360.9A CN106170463B (zh) | 2014-04-11 | 2015-03-05 | 无铅压电陶瓷组合物、使用其的压电元件以及无铅压电陶瓷组合物的制造方法 |
PCT/JP2015/001199 WO2015155933A1 (ja) | 2014-04-11 | 2015-03-05 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 |
EP15776038.0A EP3130573B1 (en) | 2014-04-11 | 2015-03-05 | Lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition, piezoelectric element using same, production method for lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition |
US15/129,943 US10347817B2 (en) | 2014-04-11 | 2015-03-05 | Lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition, piezoelectric element using the same, and method of manufacturing lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014081771 | 2014-04-11 | ||
JP2014081771 | 2014-04-11 | ||
JP2014248978A JP5823014B2 (ja) | 2014-04-11 | 2014-12-09 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2015205806A JP2015205806A (ja) | 2015-11-19 |
JP5823014B2 true JP5823014B2 (ja) | 2015-11-25 |
Family
ID=54287525
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014248978A Active JP5823014B2 (ja) | 2014-04-11 | 2014-12-09 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10347817B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3130573B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5823014B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106170463B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015155933A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10629322B2 (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2020-04-21 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Electrically conductive oxide sintered compact, member for electrical conduction, gas sensor, piezoelectric element, and method for producing piezoelectric element |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6327914B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-11 | 2018-05-23 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 |
JP2018079589A (ja) | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 液体検出装置及び液体容器 |
JP2018082051A (ja) | 2016-11-16 | 2018-05-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 圧電素子及び圧電素子応用デバイス |
JP2018088524A (ja) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-06-07 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物及び圧電素子 |
JP7012430B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-21 | 2022-01-28 | 東芝テック株式会社 | 薬液吐出装置と薬液滴下装置 |
CN106673650B (zh) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-05-14 | 陕西师范大学 | 一种高透明铌酸钾钠基压电陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
CN107759219B (zh) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-06-25 | 广州光鼎科技集团有限公司 | 一种高居里温度无铅压电陶瓷及其制备方法 |
CN111908917A (zh) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-10 | 四川大学 | 一种锆酸铋钠锶掺杂铌酸钾钠基压电陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
US11217660B2 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2022-01-04 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Dielectric, capacitor including dielectric, semiconductor device including dielectric, and method of manufacturing dielectric |
GB2593105B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2022-03-09 | Oulun Yliopisto | Electro-ceramic material component, its manufacturing method and method of converting energy |
JP7534553B2 (ja) | 2021-08-27 | 2024-08-14 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、および圧電素子 |
WO2024070626A1 (ja) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 無鉛圧電組成物、及び圧電素子 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020036282A1 (en) * | 1998-10-19 | 2002-03-28 | Yet-Ming Chiang | Electromechanical actuators |
JP3531803B2 (ja) | 1999-02-24 | 2004-05-31 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | アルカリ金属含有ニオブ酸化物系圧電材料組成物 |
JP4524411B2 (ja) | 2001-06-20 | 2010-08-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 誘電体磁器組成物 |
JP4631246B2 (ja) | 2002-03-20 | 2011-02-16 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 圧電磁器組成物及びその製造方法並びに圧電素子及び誘電素子 |
CN101376594A (zh) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-04 | 香港理工大学 | 铌锑酸钠钾系无铅压电陶瓷组合物 |
JP2010103301A (ja) * | 2008-10-23 | 2010-05-06 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 圧電素子の製造方法及び圧電素子 |
CN102395539B (zh) * | 2009-05-08 | 2013-12-04 | 太阳诱电株式会社 | 压电陶瓷及其制造方法以及压电器件 |
JP5036758B2 (ja) | 2009-05-27 | 2012-09-26 | 京セラ株式会社 | 圧電磁器およびそれを用いた圧電素子 |
US9006959B2 (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2015-04-14 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition, piezoelectric element comprising same, knock sensor, and process for production of lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition |
CN101823878A (zh) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-08 | 四川师范大学 | 铌酸钠钾铪锆钛酸钙系无铅压电陶瓷组合物 |
MY166346A (en) | 2011-07-13 | 2018-06-25 | Ngk Spark Plug Co | Lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition, method for producing same, piezoelectric element using lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition, ultrasonic processing machine, ultrasonic drive device, and sensing device |
JP5543537B2 (ja) | 2012-07-24 | 2014-07-09 | 太陽誘電株式会社 | 圧電素子 |
JP5967532B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-26 | 2016-08-10 | 国立大学法人名古屋大学 | 圧電セラミックス |
CN103553605B (zh) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-06-24 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种knn-bf无铅压电陶瓷及其制备方法 |
US10086024B2 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-10-02 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for protecting honey bees, bats and butterflies from neonicotinoid pesticides |
-
2014
- 2014-12-09 JP JP2014248978A patent/JP5823014B2/ja active Active
-
2015
- 2015-03-05 EP EP15776038.0A patent/EP3130573B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-05 CN CN201580019360.9A patent/CN106170463B/zh active Active
- 2015-03-05 US US15/129,943 patent/US10347817B2/en active Active
- 2015-03-05 WO PCT/JP2015/001199 patent/WO2015155933A1/ja active Application Filing
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10629322B2 (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2020-04-21 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Electrically conductive oxide sintered compact, member for electrical conduction, gas sensor, piezoelectric element, and method for producing piezoelectric element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3130573A1 (en) | 2017-02-15 |
CN106170463B (zh) | 2019-04-12 |
US20170141293A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
EP3130573B1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
CN106170463A (zh) | 2016-11-30 |
JP2015205806A (ja) | 2015-11-19 |
EP3130573A4 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
US10347817B2 (en) | 2019-07-09 |
WO2015155933A1 (ja) | 2015-10-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5823014B2 (ja) | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 | |
US10340441B2 (en) | Lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition, piezoelectric element using the same, and method of manufacturing lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition | |
US9871187B2 (en) | Lead-free piezo-electric porcelain composition, piezo-electric element using the same, and method for producing lead-free piezo-electric porcelain composition | |
JP2018088524A (ja) | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物及び圧電素子 | |
JP5337513B2 (ja) | 圧電/電歪磁器組成物 | |
JP6914151B2 (ja) | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、及び圧電素子 | |
JP2005179143A (ja) | 圧電磁器およびその製造方法 | |
WO2016031995A1 (ja) | 圧電磁器およびその製法、ならびに電子部品 | |
JP6895845B2 (ja) | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、圧電素子および圧電素子利用装置 | |
TWI843082B (zh) | 無鉛壓電瓷器組成物及壓電元件 | |
JP2023032022A (ja) | 圧電素子 | |
JP2022178888A (ja) | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物 | |
JP5319208B2 (ja) | 圧電磁器およびそれを用いた圧電素子 | |
KR20160084898A (ko) | 비납계 압전체 제조방법 및 그 제조방법으로 제조된 압전체 | |
Sowmya et al. | Enhanced ferroelectric and converse piezoelectric properties of dense lead-free Na0. 4K0. 1Bi0. 5TiO3 ceramics for actuator applications | |
JP5894222B2 (ja) | 積層型電子部品およびその製法 | |
KR20150037483A (ko) | 압전 세라믹스, 압전 세라믹스 조성물 및 압전체 소자 | |
Pavlič et al. | K0. 5Na0. 5NbO3 thick films: Preparation and properties | |
JP2024068906A (ja) | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、圧電素子、及び圧電素子を備える装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20150929 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20151006 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5823014 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |