JP5757521B2 - 油脂或いは撥水剤を含むアクチュエータ素子 - Google Patents
油脂或いは撥水剤を含むアクチュエータ素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5757521B2 JP5757521B2 JP2011149729A JP2011149729A JP5757521B2 JP 5757521 B2 JP5757521 B2 JP 5757521B2 JP 2011149729 A JP2011149729 A JP 2011149729A JP 2011149729 A JP2011149729 A JP 2011149729A JP 5757521 B2 JP5757521 B2 JP 5757521B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- acid ester
- thin film
- fatty acid
- conductive thin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 57
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 title claims description 56
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 75
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- -1 glycerin fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 71
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 33
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 claims description 7
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012045 salad Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- JQWAHKMIYCERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nonanoyloxy-3-octadeca-9,12-dienoyloxypropoxy)-[2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl]phosphinate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(COP([O-])(=O)CC[N+](C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC JQWAHKMIYCERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PIGTXFOGKFOFTO-FVFWYJKVSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8a-carboxy-4-formyl-8-hydroxy-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3CC=C4[C@@]([C@@]3(CC[C@H]2[C@@]1(C=O)C)C)(C)C[C@@H](O)[C@]1(CCC(C[C@H]14)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O PIGTXFOGKFOFTO-FVFWYJKVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ASWBNKHCZGQVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hexadecanoyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl) 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C ASWBNKHCZGQVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019489 Almond oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019487 Hazelnut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019774 Rice Bran oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019498 Walnut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008168 almond oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021302 avocado oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008163 avocado oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OEUVSBXAMBLPES-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C(=O)OC(C)C([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C(=O)OC(C)C([O-])=O OEUVSBXAMBLPES-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008169 grapeseed oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010468 hazelnut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008164 mustard oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008165 rice bran oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010956 sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KNYAZNABVSEZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-octadecanoyloxypropanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C([O-])=O KNYAZNABVSEZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008170 walnut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 68
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 35
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 27
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006539 C12 alkyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000981 high-pressure carbon monoxide method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004642 (C1-C12) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000266618 Atriplex confertifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012137 Atriplex confertifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000004210 Pressure Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical class N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- MMNYLVQQZFXFBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N carboxy trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound OC(=O)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MMNYLVQQZFXFBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000013367 dietary fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010520 ghee Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- RSPZSDWVQWRAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hepta-1,6-diyne Chemical compound C#CCCCC#C RSPZSDWVQWRAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical class C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013310 margarine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003264 margarine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021243 milk fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- CNHRNMLCYGFITG-UHFFFAOYSA-A niobium(5+);pentaphosphate Chemical compound [Nb+5].[Nb+5].[Nb+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CNHRNMLCYGFITG-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010702 perfluoropolyether Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003216 poly(methylphenylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940119224 salmon oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QUBMWJKTLKIJNN-UHFFFAOYSA-B tin(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[Sn+4].[Sn+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QUBMWJKTLKIJNN-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B titanium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/005—Electro-chemical actuators; Actuators having a material for absorbing or desorbing gas, e.g. a metal hydride; Actuators using the difference in osmotic pressure between fluids; Actuators with elements stretchable when contacted with liquid rich in ions, with UV light, with a salt solution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
- B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B29/00—Machines or engines with pertinent characteristics other than those provided for in preceding main groups
- F01B29/08—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines not otherwise provided for
- F01B29/10—Engines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31544—Addition polymer is perhalogenated
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
項1. カーボンナノチューブ、イオン液体およびポリマーを含む高分子ゲルから構成される導電性薄膜であって、前記高分子ゲルの内部もしくは表面に油脂及び撥水剤からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、導電性薄膜。
項2. 油脂がサラダ油、白絞油、コーン油、大豆油、ごま油、菜種油、こめ油、糠油、椿油、ベニバナ油、パーム核油、ヤシ油、綿実油、ひまわり油、荏油、オリーブオイル、ピーナッツオイル、アーモンドオイル、アボカドオイル、ヘーゼルナッツオイル、ウォルナッツオイル、グレープシードオイル、マスタードオイル、レタス油、魚油、鯨油、鮫油、肝油、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、エチレン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビトール脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンラノリン脂肪酸エステル、トリメチロールプロパン脂肪酸エステル、ミツロウ、ライスワックス、水素添加加工油脂、ポリグリセリン縮合(ポリ)リシノール酸エステル、リン脂質、レシチン、卵黄レシチン、リゾレシチン、ダイズレシチン、有機酸モノグリセリド、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油、ステアロイル乳酸ナトリウム、ステアロイル乳酸カルシウム、サポニン、キラヤサポニン、コハク酸モノグリセリド、コハク酸ジグリセリドからなる群から選択される、項1に記載の導電性薄膜。
項3. 撥水剤がフッ素系オイル、フルオロシリコーンオイルまたはシリコーンオイルからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、項1に記載の導電性薄膜。
項4. 前記導電性薄膜がさらに導電補助剤を含む項1〜3のいずれかに記載の導電性薄膜。
項5. 導電補助剤が導電性高分子、炭素粒子およびメソポーラス無機材料からなる群から選択される、項4に記載の導電性薄膜。
項6. イオン液体およびポリマーを含む電解質膜であって、前記電解質膜の内部もしくは表面に油脂及び撥水剤からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、電解質膜。
項7. ポリマーを含む電解質膜であって、前記電解質膜が0〜10質量%のイオン液体を含む、電解質膜。
項8. 前記電解質膜が2〜5質量%のイオン液体を含む、項7に記載の電解質膜。
項9. カーボンナノチューブ、イオン液体およびポリマーを含む高分子ゲルから構成される1又は2以上の導電性薄膜とイオン液体およびポリマーを含む1又は2以上の電解質膜を積層してなる積層体であって、前記導電性薄膜が項1〜5のいずれかに記載の導電性薄膜、及び/又は前記電解質膜が項6に記載の電解質膜である、積層体。
項10. カーボンナノチューブ、イオン液体およびポリマーを含む高分子ゲルから構成される1又は2以上の導電性薄膜とポリマーを含む1又は2以上の電解質膜を積層してなる積層体であって、前記電解質膜が項7又は8に記載の電解質膜である、積層体。
項11. 項9又は10の積層体からなるアクチュエータ素子。
項12. 電解質膜の表面に、項1〜5のいずれかに記載の導電性薄膜を電極とする導電性薄膜層が互いに絶縁状態で少なくとも2個形成され、当該導電性薄膜層に電位差を与えることにより変形可能に構成されている項11に記載のアクチュエータ素子。
項13. 項7又は8に記載の電解質膜の表面に、カーボンナノチューブ、イオン液体およびポリマーを含む高分子ゲルから構成される導電性薄膜を電極とする導電性薄膜層が互いに絶縁状態で少なくとも2個形成され、当該導電性薄膜層に電位差を与えることにより変形可能に構成されている項11に記載のアクチュエータ素子。
[PRxH4−x]+ (IV)
カーボンナノチューブ:
3〜90質量%、好ましくは16.6〜70質量%、より好ましくは20〜50質量%;
イオン液体:
5〜 80質量%、好ましくは15〜 73.4質量%、より好ましくは20〜69質量%;
ポリマー:
4〜70質量%、好ましくは10〜68.4質量%、より好ましくは11〜64質量%;
である。
イオン液体:
0〜 80質量%、好ましくは0.5〜60質量%、より好ましくは1〜50質量%
ポリマー:
100〜20質量%、好ましくは99.5〜40質量%、より好ましくは99〜50質量%
である。
イオン液体:
0〜30質量%、好ましくは1〜25質量%、より好ましくは2〜5質量%
ポリマー:
100〜70質量%、好ましくは99〜75質量%、より好ましくは98〜95質量%
である。
カーボンナノチューブ:
3〜90重量%、好ましくは16.6〜70重量%、より好ましくは20〜50重量%;
イオン液体:
5〜 80重量%、好ましくは15〜 73.4重量%、より好ましくは20〜69重量%;
ポリマー:
4〜70重量%、好ましくは10〜68.4重量%、より好ましくは11〜64重量%;
である。
導電補助剤は、カーボンナノチューブ、イオン液体及びポリマーの合計量100重量部に対し3〜90重量部、好ましくは10〜72.5重量部、より好ましくは15〜65重量部配合される。
[導電性薄膜層形成用分散液の調製]
DMAC溶媒中に、カーボンナノチューブ(SWNT)とイオン液体(IL)、ポリマー[粉末状PVDF(HFP)]を分散させて、マグネチックスターラーにて撹拌、その後、超音波による分散を行うことにより導電性薄膜層形成用分散液を調製する。
イオン液体(IL)とポリマー[粉末状PVDF(HFP)]を、上記導電性薄膜層形成用分散液の調製と同様にして、溶媒に溶解させることにより、電解質膜形成用溶液を調製する。ここで溶媒は、4−メチルペンタン−2−オンとプロピレンカーボネートとの混合溶媒を用いた。
導電性薄膜、電解質膜は、それぞれ上記のように調製した分散液および溶液を、別々にキャストし、室温で一昼夜溶媒を乾燥させ、次いで、真空乾燥を行うことにより得る。2枚の導電性薄膜の表面に油脂又は撥水剤を塗布して層を形成し、導電性薄膜の油脂層/撥水剤層を電解質膜側にして導電性薄膜2枚の間に、電解質膜を1枚挟んで熱圧着することにより3層構造のアクチュエータ素子を得る。
製造したアクチュエータ素子の変位応答性の評価は、図1に示した装置を用いて行った。アクチュエータ素子を、幅2mm×長さ10mmの短冊状に切断し、端3mmの部分を電極付きホルダーでつかんで、空気中で電圧を加え、レーザ変位計を用いて、固定端から5mmの位置での変位を測定して行った。電圧の周波数を200Hz〜5mHzで変化させて調べた。また、長時間のアクチュエータ素子の耐久性については、+2.0Vの一定電圧を印加し続けることにより評価した。
以下の比率で、カーボンナノチューブ(SWCNT)、イオン液体(EMIBF4)、ポリマー(PVDF(HFP);kynar2801)を使用して、導電性薄膜層(電極)−(油脂層又は撥水剤層)−電解質膜−(油脂層又は撥水剤層)−導電性薄膜層(電極)からなる、5層構造のフィルム状のアクチュエータ素子を製造した。導電性薄膜の片面には、油脂(重量0.12mg)(実施例1)または撥水剤(重量1.0mg)(実施例2)を塗布し、油脂層又は撥水剤層を電解質膜に重ねて圧着した。
電極膜組成:SWCNT/PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 50.2mg/80.1mg/120.2mg
電極膜組成比:20.04wt%/31.98wt%/47.98wt%
電解質膜組成:PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 200.3mg/200.1mg
電解質膜組成比:50.02wt%/49.98wt%
以下の比率で、カーボンナノチューブ(SWCNT)、イオン液体(EMIBF4)、ポリマー(PVDF(HFP);kynar2801)を使用して、導電性薄膜層(電極)−電解質膜−導電性薄膜層(電極)からなる、3層構造のフィルム状のアクチュエータ素子を実施例3のアクチュエータ素子として使用した。
電極膜組成:SWCNT/PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 50.1mg/80.1mg/120.5mg
電極膜組成比:19.98wt%/31.95wt%/48.07wt%
電解質膜組成:PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 200.1mg/0.0mg
電解質膜組成比:100.00wt%/0.00wt%
以下の比率で、カーボンナノチューブ(SWCNT)、イオン液体(EMIBF4)、ポリマー(PVDF(HFP);kynar2801)を使用して、導電性薄膜層(電極)−電解質膜−導電性薄膜層(電極)からなる、3層構造のフィルム状のアクチュエータ素子を実施例4のアクチュエータ素子として使用した。
電極膜組成:SWCNT/PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 25.26mg/40.4mg/60.2mg
電極膜組成比:20.07wt%/32.10wt%/47.83wt%
電解質膜組成:PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 200.3mg/2.1mg
電解質膜組成比:98.96wt%/1.04wt%
以下の比率で、カーボンナノチューブ(SWCNT)、イオン液体(EMIBF4)、ポリマー(PVDF(HFP);kynar2801)を使用して、導電性薄膜層(電極)−電解質膜−導電性薄膜層(電極)からなる、3層構造のフィルム状のアクチュエータ素子を実施例5のアクチュエータ素子として使用した。
電極膜組成:SWCNT/PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 50.1mg/80.1mg/120.4mg
電極膜組成比:19.99wt%/31.96wt%/48.04wt%
電解質膜組成:PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 200.1mg/4.1mg
電解質膜組成比:97.99wt%/2.01wt%
以下の比率で、カーボンナノチューブ(SWCNT)、イオン液体(EMIBF4)、ポリマー(PVDF(HFP);kynar2801)を使用して、導電性薄膜層(電極)−電解質膜−導電性薄膜層(電極)からなる、3層構造のフィルム状のアクチュエータ素子を実施例6のアクチュエータ素子として使用した。
電極膜組成:SWCNT/PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 50.1mg/80.1mg/120.4mg
電極膜組成比:19.99wt%/31.96wt%/48.04wt%
電解質膜組成:PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 200.4mg/10.8mg
電解質膜組成比:94.89wt%/5.11wt%
以下の比率で、カーボンナノチューブ(SWCNT)、イオン液体(EMIBF4)、ポリマー(PVDF(HFP);kynar2801)を使用して、導電性薄膜層(電極)−電解質膜−導電性薄膜層(電極)からなる、3層構造のフィルム状のアクチュエータ素子を実施例7のアクチュエータ素子として使用した。
電極膜組成:SWCNT/PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 25.26mg/40.4mg/60.2mg
電極膜組成比:20.07wt%/32.10wt%/47.83wt%
電解質膜組成:PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 200.3mg/22.3mg
電解質膜組成比:89.98wt%/10.02wt%
以下の比率で、カーボンナノチューブ(SWCNT)、イオン液体(EMIBF4)、ポリマー(PVDF(HFP);kynar2801)を使用して、導電性薄膜層(電極)−電解質膜−導電性薄膜層(電極)からなる、3層構造のフィルム状のアクチュエータ素子を比較例1のアクチュエータ素子として使用した。
電極膜組成:SWCNT/PVDF(HFP)/EMIBF4= 50.1mg/80.1mg/120.5mg
電極膜組成比:19.98wt%/31.95wt%/48.07wt%
電解質膜組成:PVDF(HFP)/ EMIBF4= 200.2mg/200.3mg
電解質膜組成比:49.99wt%/50.01wt%
実施例1〜7および比較例1で得られたアクチュエータ素子の電圧に対する応答性の評価を、上述したアクチュエータ素子の評価方法により行った。得られた結果を、図5、図6に示す。
2 導電性薄膜層
3 導電層
4 イオン性液体のカチオン
5 イオン性液体のアニオン
Claims (6)
- 導電性薄膜層−油脂層又は撥水剤層−電解質膜−油脂層又は撥水剤層−導電性薄膜層からなる5層構造の積層体であって、前記電解質膜はイオン液体およびポリマーを含み、前記導電性薄膜層はカーボンナノチューブ、イオン液体およびポリマーを含む高分子ゲルから構成される、積層体。
- 油脂がサラダ油、白絞油、コーン油、大豆油、ごま油、菜種油、こめ油、糠油、椿油、ベニバナ油、パーム核油、ヤシ油、綿実油、ひまわり油、荏油、オリーブオイル、ピーナッツオイル、アーモンドオイル、アボカドオイル、ヘーゼルナッツオイル、ウォルナッツオイル、グレープシードオイル、マスタードオイル、レタス油、魚油、鯨油、鮫油、肝油、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、エチレン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビトール脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンラノリン脂肪酸エステル、トリメチロールプロパン脂肪酸エステル、ミツロウ、ライスワックス、水素添加加工油脂、ポリグリセリン縮合(ポリ)リシノール酸エステル、リン脂質、レシチン、卵黄レシチン、リゾレシチン、ダイズレシチン、有機酸モノグリセリド、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油、ステアロイル乳酸ナトリウム、ステアロイル乳酸カルシウム、サポニン、キラヤサポニン、コハク酸モノグリセリド、コハク酸ジグリセリドからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 撥水剤がフッ素系オイル、フルオロシリコーンオイルまたはシリコーンオイルからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記導電性薄膜層がさらに導電補助剤を含む請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の積層体。
- 導電補助剤が導電性高分子、炭素粒子およびメソポーラス無機材料からなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の積層体。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の積層体からなるアクチュエータ素子。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011149729A JP5757521B2 (ja) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | 油脂或いは撥水剤を含むアクチュエータ素子 |
US13/542,097 US8951641B2 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2012-07-05 | Actuator element including fat and oil or water repellent |
US14/581,622 US10801477B2 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2014-12-23 | Actuator element including fat and oil or water repellent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011149729A JP5757521B2 (ja) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | 油脂或いは撥水剤を含むアクチュエータ素子 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015080086A Division JP6011986B2 (ja) | 2015-04-09 | 2015-04-09 | 油脂或いは撥水剤を含むアクチュエータ素子 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2013014719A JP2013014719A (ja) | 2013-01-24 |
JP5757521B2 true JP5757521B2 (ja) | 2015-07-29 |
Family
ID=47437813
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011149729A Active JP5757521B2 (ja) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | 油脂或いは撥水剤を含むアクチュエータ素子 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8951641B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5757521B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5497222B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-05-21 | バンドー化学株式会社 | 静電容量型センサシート及び静電容量型センサシートの製造方法 |
CN103254225B (zh) * | 2013-05-08 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江大学 | 一种采用离子液体萃取分离纯化磷脂酰胆碱的方法 |
CN104194653A (zh) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-10 | 袁航 | 一种木质手把件的护理油膏的制作方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7258773B2 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2007-08-21 | Rae Systems, Inc. | Solid polymer electrolyte oxygen sensor |
JP4038685B2 (ja) | 2003-12-08 | 2008-01-30 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | アクチュエータ素子 |
JP4805820B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-13 | 2011-11-02 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | 微小カーボン分散物 |
US20080044651A1 (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2008-02-21 | Mysticmd Inc. | Coatings Comprising Carbon Nanotubes |
JP4873453B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2012-02-08 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 導電性薄膜、アクチュエータ素子及びその製造方法 |
JP4253028B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-12 | 2009-04-08 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 液体アクチュエータ |
JP4997773B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-03 | 2012-08-08 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | アクチュエータ素子 |
SG174024A1 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2011-09-29 | Ada Techonologies Inc | High performance ultracapacitors with carbon nanomaterials and ionic liquids |
JP5310972B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-25 | 2013-10-09 | イーメックス株式会社 | 高分子アクチュエータ素子およびその駆動方法 |
JP2009035619A (ja) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-19 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 導電性組成物及び導電性膜 |
JP5332027B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-25 | 2013-11-06 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 導電補助剤を添加したカーボンナノチューブ電極を用いたアクチュエータ素子 |
JP4936405B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-30 | 2012-05-23 | 独立行政法人国立高等専門学校機構 | ポリウレタンエラストマー・アクチュエータ |
-
2011
- 2011-07-06 JP JP2011149729A patent/JP5757521B2/ja active Active
-
2012
- 2012-07-05 US US13/542,097 patent/US8951641B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-12-23 US US14/581,622 patent/US10801477B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US10801477B2 (en) | 2020-10-13 |
US8951641B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
JP2013014719A (ja) | 2013-01-24 |
US20130008160A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
US20150118500A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4038685B2 (ja) | アクチュエータ素子 | |
JP4873453B2 (ja) | 導電性薄膜、アクチュエータ素子及びその製造方法 | |
JP6128508B2 (ja) | カーボンナノファイバーアクチュエータ | |
JP4568885B2 (ja) | 高強度、高導電性薄膜によるアクチュエータ素子及びその製造方法 | |
JP5332027B2 (ja) | 導電補助剤を添加したカーボンナノチューブ電極を用いたアクチュエータ素子 | |
JP4691703B2 (ja) | アクチュエータ素子およびその製造方法 | |
JP5046127B2 (ja) | 高アスペクト比のカーボンナノチューブとイオン液体から構成される導電性薄膜、アクチュエータ素子 | |
JP5004078B2 (ja) | 高アスペクト比のカーボンナノチューブを用いた高配向性電極によるアクチュエータ素子 | |
JP6964855B2 (ja) | 導電性薄膜、積層体、アクチュエータ素子及びその製造方法 | |
JP5757521B2 (ja) | 油脂或いは撥水剤を含むアクチュエータ素子 | |
US20110074253A1 (en) | Actuator and method of manufacturing the same | |
JP2010161870A (ja) | 導電性高分子アクチュエータおよびその製造方法 | |
JP6011986B2 (ja) | 油脂或いは撥水剤を含むアクチュエータ素子 | |
JP5888666B2 (ja) | 多層カーボンナノチューブとポリマーおよびイオン液体から構成される導電性薄膜、アクチュエータ素子 | |
JP5477643B2 (ja) | カーボンナノチューブ、アルカリ金属塩および/またはアルカリ土類金属塩、イオン液体及びポリマーから構成される電極膜、固体電解質膜、アクチュエータ素子 | |
JP6359248B2 (ja) | 導電性薄膜、積層体、アクチュエータ素子及びその製造法 | |
JP2014024954A (ja) | 粘土材を添加した炭素電極を用いたアクチュエータ素子 | |
JP6562319B2 (ja) | ナノカーボン高分子アクチュエータ | |
JP2012135071A (ja) | アクチュエータ用複合導電性薄膜、アクチュエータ素子 | |
JP6870835B2 (ja) | 積層アクチュエータ | |
JP7307931B2 (ja) | 導電性薄膜、積層体、アクチュエータ素子及びその製造方法 | |
JP5665055B2 (ja) | アクチュエータ素子の駆動方法及び製造方法 | |
JP2012135074A (ja) | カーボンナノチューブとポリフッ化ビニリデンポリマーおよびイオン液体から構成される導電性薄膜、アクチュエータ素子 | |
JP2013034314A (ja) | アクチュエータ素子およびアクチュエータ装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20140701 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20140702 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20140701 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20141218 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20150113 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20150310 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20150409 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20150519 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20150527 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5757521 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |