JP5748194B2 - 非抜歯根管充填材 - Google Patents
非抜歯根管充填材 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5748194B2 JP5748194B2 JP2010202663A JP2010202663A JP5748194B2 JP 5748194 B2 JP5748194 B2 JP 5748194B2 JP 2010202663 A JP2010202663 A JP 2010202663A JP 2010202663 A JP2010202663 A JP 2010202663A JP 5748194 B2 JP5748194 B2 JP 5748194B2
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- root canal
- cells
- pulp
- dental pulp
- filling material
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Description
以下、添付の図面を参照して本発明の実施形態について具体的に説明する。本実施形態に係る非抜歯根管充填材は、歯髄幹細胞及び細胞外基質を有し、抜髄後又は感染根管の根管拡大清掃後、非抜歯の根管の根尖側に挿入される。
図4A及び図4Bは、本発明の第2実施形態に係る非抜歯根管充填材200の説明図である。図4Aに示すように、非抜歯根管充填材200は、歯髄幹細胞220を根管の根尖側に付着させるとともに、根管の歯冠側(例えば根管の上部1/2〜2/3)に細胞遊走因子、細胞増殖因子、神経栄養因子及び血管新生因子のうち少なくとも何れか一つを含む遊走因子230を付着させている。
上述の第1実施形態では、歯髄幹細胞220が非抜歯根管充填材200の根管の根尖側に付着されて非抜歯根管充填材200は構成されていた。しかし、そのような実施形態に限定されることはなく、歯髄幹細胞220は、非抜歯根管充填材200の全体に均一に混合されていても良い。このような非抜歯根管充填材200も、歯根完成歯に対して、内部吸収や外部吸収を発生させず、破歯細胞が見られず、象牙質壁に象牙芽細胞が滑らかに並ぶ歯組織再生を図ることができる。
〈細胞分取と特徴化〉
ヒト歯髄を摘出後、37℃で1時間半、コラーゲナーゼで酵素消化して歯髄細胞を分離した後、2%血清を含むDMEM中に1×106cells/mlで細胞を分散させ、CXCR4抗体を用いて4℃で30分ラベル後、フローサイトメトリーを行った。ヒト歯髄由来のCXCR4陽性細胞は全体の20%を占めた。
次に、CD105陽性細胞及びCXCR4陽性細胞を用いたイヌ抜髄後の歯髄再生を示す。
次に、実施例2では、非抜歯根管充填材の歯組織再生能をより詳細に検証する。
〈フローサイトメトリ―による細胞分取〉
歯髄細胞を上顎犬歯より分離した。初代脂肪細胞は同一個体のイヌの脂肪組織よりコントロールとして分離した。細胞をマウスIgG1 陰性コントロール(W3/25) (AbD Serotec Ltd., Oxford, UK)として免疫染色した。細胞は、mouseIgG1 negative control (Phycoerythrin, PE) (MCA928PE) (AbD Serotec)及びmouseanti-human CD105 (PE) (43A3) (BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA)で4℃、90分免疫染色した。2μg/ml propidium iodide 含有HEPESbuffer (Sigma)に、再溶解し、JSAN (Bay Bioscience, Kobe,Japan)にて分取した。歯髄及び脂肪由来のCD105陽性細胞、CD105陰性細胞及び、分取していないトータル歯髄細胞は35mmcollagen type Iコートディッシュ (Asahi Technoglass Corp., Funabashi, JAPAN)に播種し、10ng/mlIGF (Cambrex Bio Science)、5ng/ml EGF(Cambrex Bio Science)及び10% fetal bovineserum (Invitrogen Corporation, Carlsbad, CA, USA)を添加したEBM2(Cambrex Bio Science, Walkersville, Maryland, USA)中で培養し、細胞の形質を維持した。培地は4〜5日に一度交換し、60〜70%コンフレントに達した後、37℃、10分、0.02%EDTAで反応させ、細胞を剥離し、1:4希釈にて継代した。
細胞画分の形質を更に特徴化するために、Trizol (Invitrogen) を用いて三代目の歯髄及び脂肪CD105陽性細胞及びトータル歯髄細胞からトータル RNAを分離した。それぞれの実験において細胞数は5×104個に標準化した。First-strand cDNA 合成はReverTra Ace-α(Toyobo, Tokyo, Japan)を用いてトータルRNAから合成し、Light Cycler-Fast Start DNAmaster SYBR Green I (Roche Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA)を用いてLight Cycler (RocheDiagnostics)にて95℃で10秒,62℃で15秒,72℃で8秒のプログラムで、上記表2及び表3に示す幹細胞マーカーのイヌCXCR4,Sox2,Stat3,Bmi1及びRex1のReal time RT-PCRを行った。oligonucleotideプライマーは、公表されているイヌcDNAシークエンスを用いて作成した。イヌシークエンスが登録されていない場合、ヒトシークエンスを用いた。血管新生因子及び神経栄養因子のmRNA発現を検討するため、イヌmatrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-3,VEGF−A,granulocyte-monocytecolony-stimulating factor(GM−CSF),SDF−1,NGF,BDNF,Neuropeptide Y,Neurotrophin 3,E-selectin,VCAM1,rhombotin 2,ECSCR及びSLC6A6のreal-time RT-PCRを行った。RT-PCR産物は登録されたcDNAシークエンスを用いて確定した。三代目歯髄CD105陽性細胞及び脂肪CD105陽性細胞は、β-actinで標準化してトータル歯髄細胞と比較した。
stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF−1)(Acris, Herford, Germany)に対する歯髄CD105陽性細胞の増殖能を、0.2% bovine serum albumin (Sigma)及びSDF−1(50ng/ml)添加EBM2中で96wellに103個播種し、トータル歯髄細胞及び脂肪CD105陽性細胞と、四代目において比較した。10μl Tetra-colorone(登録商標、Seikagaku Kogyo, Co., Tokyo, JAPAN)を96well plateに添加し、細胞数を吸光度450nmにて吸光度計を用いて2,12,24及び36時間後に計測した。細胞を入れてないサンプルをnegativecontrolとした。
CD105抗体を用いてイヌ永久歯歯髄組織からフローサイトメトリーにより分離した歯髄由来のCD105陽性細胞及び同一個体の脂肪組織由来のCD105陽性細胞は、図9A及び図9Bに示すように、それぞれトータル細胞の6%及び5.8%であった。また、図9C、図9D、図9E及び図9Fに示すように、歯髄及び脂肪CD105陽性細胞は、ともに星状で長い突起を有していた。図示しないが、歯髄CD105陰性細胞は、不規則な形で短い突起を有していた。IGF1,EGF及び10%ウシ胎児血清をEBM2に添加すると、CD105陽性細胞の形質が維持され、6代目でも98%以上CD105が陽性であった。35mmcollagen type I コートディッシュにCD105陽性細胞を一個播種すると、10日でコロニーを形成し、この細胞のコロニー形成能を示した。歯髄、脂肪CD105陽性細胞及び歯髄CD105陰性細胞の細胞付着及び増殖効率はそれぞれ8%,3.7%,1%であった。三代目で限界希釈法により、コロニーフォーミングユニット(CFU)は、歯髄CD105陽性細胞では、80%であり、トータル歯髄細胞では30%、脂肪CD105陽性細胞では50%であった。
三代目から五代目において歯髄CD105陽性細胞の脂肪、血管、神経、及び象牙質/骨への分化誘導を行い、脂肪CD105陽性細胞及び未分取の歯髄細胞と比較した。
イヌ(Narc, Chiba, Japan)永久歯完全根尖完成歯を全部歯髄除去し、細胞画分を移植して歯髄を再生させる実験的モデルを確立した。sodiumpentobarbital(Schering-Plough, Germany)で全身麻酔後、上顎第二切歯及び下顎第三切歯の完全歯髄除去を行い、根尖部を#70K-file (MANI. INC, Tochigi, Japan)を用いて0.7mmに拡大した。細胞外基質としてcollagen XYZを用い、根尖側に歯髄幹細胞を付着させると共に歯冠側にSDF−1を付着させた根管充填材を用いた。即ち、1x106個の、三代目から四代目の歯髄CD105陽性細胞、脂肪CD105陽性細胞あるいはトータル歯髄細胞をcollagen XYZ(新田ゼラチン,Osaka,Japan)とともにDiIラべリング後、根管内の下部に自家移植した。根管上部は更にcollagenXYZとともに最終濃度15ng/μlのSDF−1を移植した。窩洞はリン酸亜鉛セメント(Elite Cement, GC, Tokyo, Japan)及びボンディング材(ClearfilMega Bond, Kuraray)で処理した後、コンポジットレジン(ClearfilFII,Kuraray,Kurashiki,Japan)で修復した。15匹のイヌ60歯を用いた。10歯は歯髄CD105陽性細胞及びSDF−1、5歯は脂肪CD105陽性細胞及びSDF−1、5歯はトータル歯髄細胞及びSDF−1、5歯は細胞を入れずSDF−1のみ、5歯はSDF−1を入れず歯髄CD105陽性細胞のみ、5歯は細胞を入れずscaffoldのみ注入し、14日後に標本を作製した。6歯は歯髄CD105陽性細胞及びSDF−1を注入し、28日後に二次元電気泳動分析した。4歯に、歯髄CD105陽性細胞及びSDF−1、脂肪CD105陽性細胞及びSDF−1、並びに、トータル歯髄細胞及びSDF−1を注入し、90日後に標本を作製した。7歯の正常歯をcontrolとして用いた。形態分析のために4%paraformaldehyde(PFA) (Nakarai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan)で4℃一晩固定し、10%蟻酸にて脱灰後、paraffin wax (Sigma)に包埋した。paraffin切片(厚さ5μm)をhematoxylin-eosin(HE)染色し、形態学的に観察した。
次に、上述の図3に示したような手順にて、イヌにおいて永久歯の完全根尖完成歯の抜髄後根管内に、歯髄CD105陽性細胞をSDF−1とともに自家移植した。図11Aは、SDF−1及び歯髄CD105陽性細胞による歯髄再生を示す図である。図11Bは、図11AにおけるエリアBの拡大図である。図11Cは、図11AにおけるエリアCの拡大図である。図11A、図11B及び図11Cに示すように、歯髄CD105陽性細胞をSDF−1とともに移植すると、歯髄様組織が14日までに形成された。図11Eに示すように、CD105陽性細胞のみを移植しても歯髄様組織が形成されたが、SDF−1とともに移植したほうが歯髄様組織の形成が促進された。一方、図11Fに示すように、SDF−1のみを移植すると、極めて少量の歯髄しか形成されなかった。図11Sに示すように、non-pairedスチューデントt検定で統計学的解析を行うと、歯髄CD105陽性細胞をSDF−1とともに移植すると、CD105陽性細胞のみあるいはSDF−1のみと比べて、再生された面積は有意に増加した(それぞれ3.3倍及び4.2倍)。図11Dに示すように、象牙芽細胞様細胞は、根管の象牙質壁に付着し、細管内に突起を伸ばしていた。図11Gに示すように、歯髄様組織は、歯髄CD105陽性細胞をSDF−1とともに移植すると、90日後にはセメント-エナメル質境まで達していた。図11Hに示すように、再生組織の上部に存在する細胞は、紡錘形であり、また図11Iに示すように、中央部では星状であった。これらの再生組織は、図11Jに示す正常歯髄組織の細胞に類似していた。図11G及び図11Kに示すように、象牙質側壁に沿って、細管象牙質が観察されたのは特筆すべきことである。図11L及び図11Mに示すように、象牙異質側壁に並んで存在する象牙芽細胞は、象牙芽細胞の二つのマーカーであるenamelysin/matrixmetalloproteinase(MMP)20及びDspp陽性であった。
再生組織の二次元電気泳動分析のために、28日目の再生歯髄様組織、正常歯髄組織、及び歯根膜組織を細切し、lysis buffer(6M urea,1.97M thiourea,2%(w/v) CHAPS,64.8mM DTT,2%(v/v)Pharmalyte)に溶解し、超音波をかけた。15,000rpmで15分、4℃で遠心し、上清を二次元電気泳動した。等電点電気泳動(IEF)はCoolPhoreSter2-DE systemにて行った。IPG strips (Immobiline DryStrips,pH4〜7,18cm, GE)はmanufacturerの指示に従い用いた。IPGstripsはrehydration solution(6M urea,1.97M thiourea,2%(v/v)TritonX-100,13mM DTT,2%(v/v)Pharmalyte,2.5mMacetic acid,0.0025% BPB)により一晩20℃にて再度水和した。等電点電気泳動(IEF)は500V、2時間、700-3000V、1時間、及び3500V、24時間の電圧を徐々に上昇させる方法で行った。等電点電気泳動後、IPGstripsは平衡緩衝液equilibration buffer (6M urea,2.4mM DTT,5mM Tris-HCl,pH6.8,2%(w/v)SDS,0.0025%BPB,30%(v/v) Glycerol)にて30分室温にて反応させた。IPG stripsは更に5mM Tris-HCl、pH6.8、2%(w/v)SDS、0.0025%BPB、30%(v/v)Glycerol、243mM iodoacetamidにて20分室温にて平衡化させた。その後、二次元目は12.5% SDS-PAGEgel (20cm×20cm)にて25mA/gelで15分、その後30mA/gelで泳動した。GelはFlamingo Fluorescent GelStain (Bio-Rad Laboratories,CA,USA)で染色し、(FluoroPhorester 3000, Anatech, Tokyo,Japan)にてscanした。GelイメージはProgenesis (Nonlinear Dynamics, NC, USA)を用いて分析し、それぞれのパターンを比較した。
図12A、図12B及び図12Cに示すように、二次元電気泳動分析により、再生歯髄組織は28日目において同一個体由来の正常歯髄組織に定性及び定量的にタンパク発現パターンが類似していることが明らかとなった。正常及び再生歯髄組織両方に見られるタンパクスポットは85.5%(123 spots)であった。一方、図12D、図12E及び図12Fに示すように、正常歯髄組織のタンパクスポットは、歯根膜組織と比べて、違いがみられた。従って、二次元電気泳動分析により、再生組織は機能的に正常歯髄組織であることが判明した。
イヌ永久歯完全根尖完成歯を全部歯髄除去し、根尖部をK-fileにて#30まで拡大し、そのまま根管を開放し2週間放置し、感染根管歯モデルを作製した。その後、次亜塩素酸ソーダおよびオキシドールにて交互洗浄し、さらにスメアクリーンを根管内に30秒間入れた後、生理食塩水にてさらに洗浄した。さらにFC(ホルムクレゾール)を根管内に一週間貼薬し、根管内の無菌化を図った。その後、再度、生理食塩水にて洗浄し、根管内をペーパーポイントにて乾燥させた。細胞外基質としてcollagenXYZを用い、根尖側に歯髄幹細胞を付着させると共に歯冠側にSDF−1を付着させた根管充填材を用いた。即ち、抜髄後の根管内自家移植と同様の方法にて、1x106個の、三代目から四代目の歯髄CD105陽性細胞をcollagen XYZとともに、根管内の下部に自家移植した。根管上部は更にcollagenXYZとともに最終濃度15ng/μlのSDF−1を移植し、窩洞をリン酸亜鉛セメント及びコンポジットレジンで修復した。14日後に標本を作製した。通法にて形態学的に観察した。
次に、実施例3では、遊走因子G−CSF及び歯髄CD105陽性細胞を用いて、抜歯した根管に充填する場合と非抜歯の根管に充填する場合との比較を行った。
110:根尖性歯周炎
200:非抜歯根管充填材
210:細胞外基質
220:歯髄幹細胞
230:遊走因子
400:血管
500:象牙質
610:ゼラチン
620:レジン
630:形態形成因子
Claims (7)
- 抜髄後又は感染根管の根管拡大清掃後、非抜歯の根管の根尖側に挿入するように用いられる、ヒト歯髄幹細胞集団から分取されたCD105陽性細胞(SP細胞を除く)又はヒト歯髄幹細胞集団から分取された歯髄CXCR4陽性細胞(SP細胞を除く)及び細胞外基質からなることを特徴とする非抜歯根管充填材。
- 前記非抜歯根管充填材は、歯髄幹細胞を根管の根尖側に付着させるとともに、根管の歯冠側に細胞遊走因子、細胞増殖因子、神経栄養因子及び血管新生因子のうち少なくとも何れか一つを含む遊走因子を付着させていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非抜歯根管充填材。
- 前記細胞遊走因子が、SDF−1、VEGF、G−CSF、SCF、MMP3、Slit及びGM−CSFのうち少なくとも何れか一つであることを特徴とする請求項2記載の非抜歯根管充填材。
- 前記細胞増殖因子が、IGF、bFGF及びPDGFのうち少なくとも何れか一つであることを特徴とする請求項2記載の非抜歯根管充填材。
- 前記神経栄養因子が、GDNF、BDNF、NGF、NeuropeptideY及びNeurotrophin 3のうち少なくとも何れか一つであることを特徴とする請求項2記載の非抜歯根管充填材。
- 前記細胞外基質が、コラーゲン、人工プロテオグリカン、ゼラチン、ハイドロゲル、フィブリン、フォスフォホリン、ヘパラン硫酸、ヘパリン、ラミニン、フィブロネクチン、アルギン酸、ヒアルロン酸、キチン、PLA、PLGA、PEG、PGA、PDLLA、PCL、ハイドロキシアパタイト、β−TCP、炭酸カルシウム、チタン及び金のうち少なくとも何れか一つを含む生体親和性材料から構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載の非抜歯根管充填材。
- 前記細胞外基質における前記歯髄幹細胞の含有率は、1×103セル/μl以上1×106セル/μl以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の何れか1項に記載の非抜歯根管充填材。
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-
2010
- 2010-09-10 US US13/395,374 patent/US20120164604A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-09-10 EP EP10815152.3A patent/EP2476442B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-09-10 JP JP2010202663A patent/JP5748194B2/ja active Active
- 2010-09-10 CN CN201080040308.9A patent/CN102596270B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-09-10 WO PCT/JP2010/005536 patent/WO2011030552A1/ja active Application Filing
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2013
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US10668134B2 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2020-06-02 | National Center For Geriatrics And Gerontology | Dental pretreatment material and dental tissue regeneration kit |
US11969487B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2024-04-30 | Kowa Company, Ltd. | Non-cellular root canal filling material and non-cellular dental tissue regeneration promoting kit |
KR20210144710A (ko) | 2019-03-28 | 2021-11-30 | 코와 가부시키가이샤 | 비세포성 근관 충전재 및 비세포성 치아 조직 재생 촉진 키트 |
Also Published As
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EP2476442A4 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
EP2476442B1 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
US20140099605A1 (en) | 2014-04-10 |
CN102596270A (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
US20120164604A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
JP2011078752A (ja) | 2011-04-21 |
WO2011030552A1 (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
EP2476442A1 (en) | 2012-07-18 |
CN102596270B (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
US9724368B2 (en) | 2017-08-08 |
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