JP5715568B2 - マイクロチャネルプロセス技術を使用するプロセスおよび装置 - Google Patents
マイクロチャネルプロセス技術を使用するプロセスおよび装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5715568B2 JP5715568B2 JP2011531200A JP2011531200A JP5715568B2 JP 5715568 B2 JP5715568 B2 JP 5715568B2 JP 2011531200 A JP2011531200 A JP 2011531200A JP 2011531200 A JP2011531200 A JP 2011531200A JP 5715568 B2 JP5715568 B2 JP 5715568B2
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- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
Description
・生産性の顕著な増加、
・同じスループットでのプロセス専有面積の顕著な低下、
・増加したプロセス処理ウインドウおよび稼動の柔軟さ(より低い圧力および温度において運転する機会)、
・増加したプロセス制御(ホットスポットに関わる問題の低下)、
・低下した稼動コスト、
・低下したエネルギー消費、
・プロセススループットの容易な変動(数の増加による規模調節手法)、
・単一および移動可能デバイスシステムにおける複数単位操作の統合、
・触媒機能の最適化、
・触媒再生スキームの容易な実体化。
全体として、これらの利点は、多くの場合に稼動を制約するコストおよび流通問題を解消し、エネルギーが現場で生産されることを可能にし、農業資源、廃棄物および/またはその他の生物材料を含んでよい容易に入手可能な原料、地域原料および再生可能原料を採用する。
CBY=[(質量C10〜C22生成物)−(質量C10〜C22原料)]÷(質量C22 +原料)
によって表すことができる。
TBY=[(質量C10〜C22生成物)−(質量C10〜C22原料)]÷(質量原料)
によって表すことができる。
選択率=[(質量C10〜C22生成物)−(質量C10〜C22原料)]÷[(質量C22 +原料)−(質量C22 +生成物)]
によって表すことができる。
30hr−1重量毎時空間速度(WHSV)
370℃の定格温度
500psig(3.45MPa)の定格圧力
1500:1sccm/ccmのH2対ワックス体積比
300〜390℃の温度
200〜500psig(1.38〜3.45MPa)の圧力
300〜1500:1sccm/ccmのH2対ワックス体積比
5A:反応器5、試料A、表5
5C:反応器5、試料C、表5
5D:反応器5、試料D、表5
5E:反応器5、試料E、表5
5F:反応器5、試料F、表5
3A:反応器3、試料A、表3
3B:反応器3、試料B、表3
3C:反応器3、試料C、表3
3D:反応器3、試料D、表3
3E:反応器3、試料E、表3
これらの値のほとんど厳密な一致は、妥当に長い期間にわたる安定かつ首尾一貫した稼動を示している。図51に示されているように、比水素消費は、安定な稼動期間にわたって首尾一貫し、初期のH2/ワックス供給比の減少の後、ほぼ同じ値を保っている。
3A: 反応器3、試料A、表3
3B: 反応器3、試料B、表3
3C: 反応器3、試料C、表3
3D: 反応器3、試料D、表3
3E: 反応器3、試料E、表3
R3A:反応器3、再生触媒、試料A、表6
R3B:反応器3、再生触媒、試料B、表6
R3C:反応器3、再生触媒、試料C、表6
R3D:反応器3、再生触媒、試料D、表6
4A:反応器4、試料A、表4
4B:反応器4、試料B、表4
4D:反応器4、試料D、表4
4E:反応器4、試料E、表4
4F:反応器4、試料F、表4
これらも非常にわずかな変化を示している。WHSVおよびH2/ワックス原料比を減少させると、炭素数は高くなるが増加した異性体/ノルマル比およびオレフィン/パラフィン比となる。図57において、尖った部分の位置に変化の明白な徴候はない。
Claims (16)
- フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物および水素をプロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流して互いに接触させて反応体混合物を生成し、前記反応体混合物を水素化分解触媒と接触させて水素化分解させて水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を形成させるステップであって、前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物は約5つ以上の炭素原子を有する1つ以上の直鎖脂肪族炭化水素を含むステップ、および前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を前記プロセスマイクロチャネルから取り出すステップを含み、
1つ以上のフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物および水素が気体の形であり、前記気体は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネル中を少なくとも1秒あたり約0.01メートルの空塔速度で流れ、
前記プロセスマイクロチャネルは、マイクロチャネル反応器の中にあり、前記マイクロチャネル反応器は、複数の前記プロセスマイクロチャネルを含み、前記マイクロチャネル反応器は、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物が前記プロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流れるための流れの通路を提供する第1のマニホールド、および前記水素が前記プロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流れるための流れの通路を提供する第2のマニホールドを含み、
前記プロセスマイクロチャネルから熱交換器へ熱が移動し、
前記プロセスマイクロチャネル内の温度は約200℃〜約450℃の範囲内にあり、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルに入る前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物の温度は約300℃以下である、
フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を水素化分解するプロセス。 - 前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物は、フィッシャー・トロプシュワックスを含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスマイクロチャネル内の前記圧力は0.2から20MPaの前記範囲内にあるか、または前記プロセスマイクロチャネルの前記温度は300℃から390℃の前記範囲内にあるか、またはフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物に対する水素の前記比は、1立方センチメートルのフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物あたり10から6000標準立方センチメートルの水素の前記範囲内にある、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物は、異性化生成物を含む、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスマイクロチャネルは反応ゾーンを有し、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物および水素は、前記反応ゾーンの中で互いに接触するか、または前記プロセスマイクロチャネルは、混合ゾーンおよび反応ゾーンを有し、前記混合ゾーンは、前記反応ゾーンの上流にあり、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物および水素は、前記混合ゾーンの中で互いに接触するか、または前記プロセスマイクロチャネルは、混合ゾーンおよび反応ゾーンを有し、前記混合ゾーンは、前記反応ゾーンの上流にあり、水素の一部は、前記混合ゾーンの中で前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物と接触して中間反応混合物を形成し、前記中間反応混合物は、前記反応ゾーンの中へ流れ、前記水素の一部は、前記反応ゾーンの中で前記中間反応混合物と接触する、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスマイクロチャネルは、マイクロチャネル反応器の中にあり、前記マイクロチャネル反応器は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルと隣接する反応体流チャネルをさらに含み、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルと前記反応体流チャネルとは共通の壁を有し、前記共通の壁の中に複数の開口があり、前記プロセスは、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を前記プロセスマイクロチャネルの中に流すステップ、および前記水素を前記反応体流チャネルから前記共通の壁の中の前記開口を通して前記プロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流し、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物と接触させるステップをさらに含む、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスマイクロチャネルの中に気体および液体があり、前記気体と液体との間で物質移動が起こり、前記粒子またはチャネルのボンド数は、1より小さい、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスは、プラント施設の中で行われ、前記プラント施設は、複数の前記プロセスマイクロチャネル、または前記プロセスマイクロチャネルを含む1つ以上のマイクロチャネル反応器、または1つ以上のマイクロチャネル反応器を含む1つ以上の反応槽を含み、前記プロセスマイクロチャネル、マイクロチャネル反応器または反応槽の1つ以上の中の前記触媒は、前記プラント施設の中の他のプロセスマイクロチャネル、マイクロチャネル反応器または反応槽の中で前記プロセスが実行されている間に再生される、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスは、再生触媒を用いて約5hr−1以上の液体毎時空間速度において行われる、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 水素及びフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物をマイクロチャネルプロセス処理単位の中の複数のプロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流し、触媒と接触させて水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を形成させるステップであって、前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物は約5つ以上の炭素原子を有する1つ以上の直鎖脂肪族炭化水素を含むステップ、および前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を前記プロセスマイクロチャネルから取り出すステップを含むプロセスであって、
気体/液体混合物を前記マイクロチャネルプロセス処理単位の中の前記複数のマイクロチャネルの中へ流すための分配装置であって、前記分配装置は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルへの前記入口に配置されるようになっており、前記分配装置は、
分離プレート、および
再分配プレートであって、前記分離プレートが上にある再分配プレート
を含み、
前記分離プレートは、気体と液体との混合物が気体相と液相とに分離し、前記再分配プレートへ流れることができるようになっており、
前記再分配プレートは、複数の開口を含み、前記再分配プレートの中の前記開口は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルへの前記入口と整列し、前記再分配プレートの中の前記開口は、前記気体相と前記液相とが互いに接触し、気体/液体混合物を形成し、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流れることができるようになっている
分配装置を用いてプロセスが行われ、
1つ以上の水素およびフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物が気体の形であり、前記気体は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネル中を少なくとも1秒あたり約0.01メートルの空塔速度で流れる、
フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を水素化分解するプロセス。 - 水素及びフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物をマイクロチャネルプロセス処理単位の中の複数のプロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流し、触媒と接触させて水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を形成させるステップであって、前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物は約5つ以上の炭素原子を有する1つ以上の直鎖脂肪族炭化水素を含むステップ、および前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を前記プロセスマイクロチャネルから取り出すステップを含むプロセスであって、
気体および2つの液体を前記マイクロチャネルプロセス処理単位の中の前記複数のマイクロチャネルの中へ流すための分配装置であって、前記分配装置は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルへの前記入口に配置されるようになっており、前記分配装置は、
分配プレートであって、
第1の液体マニホールドスロット、
第2の液体マニホールドスロット、
気体通路、
前記第1の液体マニホールドスロットから前記気体通路へ延在する第1の分配チャネル、
前記第2の液体マニホールドスロットから前記気体通路へ延在する第2の分配チャネル
を含む分配プレート
を含み、前記装置は、気体が前記気体通路を通って流れ、第1の液体が前記第1の液体マニホールドスロットから前記第1の分配チャネルを通って前記気体通路の中へ流れ、前記気体通路の中を流れる前記気体と接触し、第2の液体が前記第2の液体マニホールドスロットから前記第2の分配チャネルを通って前記気体通路の中へ流れ、前記気体通路の中を流れる前記気体および前記気体通路の中を流れる前記第1の液体と接触することができるようになっている
分配装置を用いてプロセスが行われ、
1つ以上の水素およびフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物が気体の形であり、前記気体は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネル中を少なくとも1秒あたり約0.01メートルの空塔速度で流れる、
フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を水素化分解するプロセス。 - 水素及びフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物をマイクロチャネルプロセス処理単位の中の複数のプロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流し、触媒と接触させて水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を形成させるステップであって、前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物は約5つ以上の炭素原子を有する1つ以上の直鎖脂肪族炭化水素を含むステップ、および前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を前記プロセスマイクロチャネルから取り出すステップを含むプロセスであって、
気体および2つの液体を前記マイクロチャネルプロセス処理単位の中の前記複数のプロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流すための分配装置であって、前記分配装置は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルへの前記入口に配置されるようになっており、前記分配装置は、
第1の分配セクション、
第2の分配セクションであって、前記第1の分配セクションが上にある第2の分配セクション、および
第3の分配セクションであって、前記第2の分配セクションが上にある第3の分配セクション
を含み、
前記装置は、気体が前記第1の分配セクションから前記第2の分配セクションおよび前記第3の分配セクションを通って前記マイクロチャネルの中へ流れ、第1の液体が前記第2の分配セクションから前記気体と接触して前記第3の分配セクションを通って前記プロセスマイクロチャネルの中へ流れ、第2の液体が前記気体および前記第1の液体と接触して前記第3の分配セクションから前記マイクロチャネルの中へ流れることができるようになっている
分配装置を用いてプロセスが行われ、
1つ以上の水素およびフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物が気体の形であり、前記気体は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネル中を少なくとも1秒あたり約0.01メートルの空塔速度で流れる、
フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物を水素化分解するプロセス。 - 前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物は、少なくとも約95重量%の、5つ以上の炭素原子を有する直鎖脂肪族化合物、および
少なくとも0.05重量%の、5から13の炭素原子を有する脂環式化合物、および/または
少なくとも0.01重量%の、6から18の炭素原子を有する芳香族化合物
を含む、請求項1記載のプロセス。 - 前記水素化分解触媒は、1つ以上のピラード粘土、MCM−41、MCM−48、HMSまたはそれらの2つ以上の組み合わせを含む、請求項1記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物は、約0.5より大きなイソ/ノルマル比を有するC 5 + 炭化水素、約1より大きなイソ/ノルマル比を有するC 20 + 炭化水素、および/または約1より大きなイソ/ノルマル比を有するC 10 + 炭化水素を含む、請求項1記載のプロセス。
- 前記水素化分解されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成生成物の曇点は、約−10℃より低い、請求項1記載のプロセス。
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BRPI0919785A2 (pt) | 2019-05-21 |
JP2017048397A (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
CA2739325A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
JP2012514658A (ja) | 2012-06-28 |
US9926496B2 (en) | 2018-03-27 |
CN102245289A (zh) | 2011-11-16 |
WO2010042794A2 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
CA2739325C (en) | 2018-11-27 |
JP2019059945A (ja) | 2019-04-18 |
US20140291204A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
JP2015108142A (ja) | 2015-06-11 |
EP2346964A2 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
ZA201102680B (en) | 2012-06-27 |
US20160194563A1 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
WO2010042794A3 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
AU2009302276B2 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
US8747656B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 |
US20100174124A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
AU2009302276A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
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