JP5650108B2 - 交互ドナーアクセプターコポリマー系の高性能で溶液加工可能な半導体ポリマー - Google Patents
交互ドナーアクセプターコポリマー系の高性能で溶液加工可能な半導体ポリマー Download PDFInfo
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- JP5650108B2 JP5650108B2 JP2011515441A JP2011515441A JP5650108B2 JP 5650108 B2 JP5650108 B2 JP 5650108B2 JP 2011515441 A JP2011515441 A JP 2011515441A JP 2011515441 A JP2011515441 A JP 2011515441A JP 5650108 B2 JP5650108 B2 JP 5650108B2
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- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
- C08G61/126—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds with a five-membered ring containing one sulfur atom in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
- C08G61/124—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds with a five-membered ring containing one nitrogen atom in the ring
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
- H01B1/127—Intrinsically conductive polymers comprising five-membered aromatic rings in the main chain, e.g. polypyrroles, polythiophenes
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/151—Copolymers
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/14—Macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1441—Heterocyclic
- C09K2211/1458—Heterocyclic containing sulfur as the only heteroatom
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/14—Macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1441—Heterocyclic
- C09K2211/1483—Heterocyclic containing nitrogen and sulfur as heteroatoms
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
- H10K10/466—Lateral bottom-gate IGFETs comprising only a single gate
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Description
WO2006/131185は、ポリチエノ(3,4−d)チアゾールをUS2005/0082525A1はベンゾ(1,2−b,4,5−b’)ジチオフェンを開示している。
を繰返単位として有し、数平均分子量Mnが30〜70kg/molの範囲にあるベンゾチアジアゾール−シクロペンタジチオフェンコポリマーにより達成される。
ジボロン酸エステルBTZの合成
4,7−ジブロモ−2,1,3−ベンゾチアジアゾール(1g、3.41mmol)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(2g、7.8mmol)と、PdCl2(dppf)(500mg、0.6mmol)とKOAc(2g、20mmol)の脱泡1,4−ジオキサン(10ml)溶液を、80℃で一夜攪拌した。水を加えてこの反応を停止させ、得られた混合物を酢酸エチルで洗浄した(30ml×3)。有機層を塩水で洗い、Na2SO4上で乾燥し、真空下に濃縮して、濃赤色の固体を得た。この固体を、3%酢酸エチルのヘキサン溶液を用いてシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製して、所望の化合物をピンクの固体として得た。この粗生成物をエタノールから4回再結晶して、無色の結晶を得た(300mgのBTZ)。
1H NMR (250 MHz、CD2Cl2):δ 8.10 (s、2H)、1.41 (s、24H).
13C NMR (62.9 MHz、CD2Cl2):δ 157.55、138.11、84.91、25.3.
4,4−ジ−n−ヘキサデシル−シクロペンタ[2,1−b:3,4−b’]ジチオフェン/4,4−ビス−(3,7−ジメチルオクチル)−シクロペンタ[2,1−b:3,4−b’]ジチオフェンの合成
4H−シクロペンタ[2,1−b:3,4−b’]ジチオフェン(2.0g、11.2mmol)を50mLのジーメチルスルホキシドに溶解した。n−ヘキサデシルブロミドまたは2,7−ジメチルオクチルブロミド、それぞれ(22.4mmol)を添加し、次いでヨウ化カリウム(50mg)を添加した。この混合物を窒素置換し、氷浴で冷却し、最後に粉砕した水酸化カリウム(2.0g)を少しずつ加えた。得られた緑色の混合物を室温で一夜激しく攪拌した。反応容器を氷浴中で冷却し、水(50ml)を加えた。有機相をジエチルエーテルで二回抽出し、水、塩水、塩化アンモニウム溶液で洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウム上で乾燥した。溶媒を蒸発させて、標記化合物を黄色の油として得た。シリカ/ヘキサンでのクロマトグラフィーによる精製で、微量のモノアルキル化された生成物と未反応のアルキルブロミドを除いた。標記化合物が透明な油として得られた。収率:85%
2,6−ジブロモ−4,4−ジ−n−ヘキサデシル−シクロペンタ[2,1−b:3,4−b’]ジチオフェン/2,6−ジブロモ−4,4−ビス(3,7−ジメチルオクチル)−シクロペンタ[2,1−b:3,4−b’]ジチオフェンの合成
4,4−ジ−n−ヘキサデシル−シクロペンタ[2,1−b:3,4−b’]ジチオフェン/4,4−ビス−(3,7−ジメチルオクチル)−シクロペンタ[2,1−b:3,4−b’]ジチオフェン(4,97mmol)を、暗所で窒素下にて50mlの蒸留DMFに溶解した。NBS(1.8g、9.94mmol)を少しずつ加えた。得られた黄色の溶液を、室温で窒素下にて一夜攪拌した。次いで水(50ml)を添加し、有機相をジエチルエーテル(100ml)で2回抽出し、水と1%HCl溶液で洗い、硫酸マグネシウム上で乾燥させた。溶媒を減圧下で除き、標記生成物を黄色の油として得た。シリカ/ヘキサンでのカラムクロマトグラフィーと再循環GPC(4−5回)で不純物を除いた。標記化合物を無色の油として得た(収率68%)。
ポリマーの合成と精製
BTZ/n−ヘキサデシル−CDTコポリマーを鈴木カップリング反応で合成した。還流冷却器を備えた50mLのシュレンクフラスコ中で、n−ヘキサデシル−CDT(300mg、0.382mmol)とBTZ(148mg、0.382mmol)、K2CO3(2mL、2M)と3滴のアリコット336を、Xmlのトルエンに溶解した。この溶液を、凍結/ポンプ/パージ法を3回用いて脱泡し、次いでテトラキス(トリフェニルフォスフィン)パラジウムを加えた。この溶液をさらに3回凍結/ポンプ/パージし、3日間100℃で加熱した。次いで、0.1mlの1Mフェニルボロネートエステルのトルエン溶液を添加し、さらに12時間攪拌し、その後0.1mlのブロモベンゼンのトルエン溶液を添加して、反応性の鎖末端を封鎖した。
FET装置の製造と測定
150nmのSiO2層をもつ高度にn++ドープしたSiウエハーをトランジスタ基板に用いた。このSiO2誘電体をフェニルトリエトキシシランで処理した。基板全体を、1mg/mlのコポリマー(クロロベンゼン中に溶解)を含む溶液に浸漬させた。浸漬塗布法により、1μm/sの速度で試料をゆっくりと引き出しながら、高分子膜を「一方向成長」させた。他方、半導体層は、0.5質量%のクロロベンゼン溶液の回転塗布で、厚みが50nmに塗布できた。このポリマー層を、窒素雰囲気200℃で1時間加熱し、この層の上に50nmの金の接点を蒸着してトランジスタを形成した。
電界効果トランジスタ中で求めた電荷キャリア移動度は、明確に、高分子量が好ましい分子量依存性を示す(表1)。
還流冷却器を備えた25mlのシュレンクフラスコ中で、BTZ(148mg、0.382mmol)と、n−ヘキサデシル−CDT(300mg、0.382mmol)とK2CO3(12eq、4.584mmolの2M溶液)と3滴のアリコット336を、4mlのトルエンに溶解した。この溶液を、凍結/ポンプ/パージ法を3回用いて脱泡し、次いでアルゴン下でテトラキス(トリフェニルフォスフィン)パラジウムを加えた。この溶液を、次いで3回凍結/ポンプ/パージし、アルゴン下で24時間100℃で加熱した。この反応液を室温まで冷却し、さらに4mlのトルエンを加えた。この溶液を、凍結/ポンプ/パージ法を3回用いて脱泡し、さらにテトラキス(トリフェニルフォスフィン)パラジウム(0.0191mmol)を加え、次いで3回、凍結/ポンプ/パージサイクルを行った。この反応液を100℃で48時間加熱し、次いでフェニルボロネートエステル(0.1M)のトルエン溶液を添加し、さらに12時間攪拌した。その後、ブロモベンゼン(0.1M)のトルエン溶液を添加した。得られた混合物をメタノールと濃塩酸(2:1)の混合物中に注ぎ、4時間攪拌した。固体を濾過し、熱1,2,4−トリクロロベンゼンに溶解し、メタノールから沈殿化させ、アセトンを用いるソックスレー抽出にかけた。このポリマーを次いで、ヘキサンとアセトンと酢酸エチルから三回沈殿化させ、次いでヘキサンでのソックスレー抽出にかけて、収量200mg(45%)を得た。
試料を、100℃でのHMDSで感応化された200nmのSiO2上に保持された下部接触FET基板上に、試料の2mg/mLのo−ジクロロベンゼン溶液を滴下塗布した。チャネル長と幅は、それぞれ20μmと1.4mmであった。4個のトランジスタを測定した結果、最小の飽和正孔移動度は、μsat=2.5cm2/Vsであり、最大は、μsat=3.3cm2/Vsであった。平均移動度は、μsat=2.95cm2/Vsである。オン/オフ比は106である(図4)。加工は窒素雰囲気下で行った。
Claims (9)
- 液状媒体中に溶解または分散した請求項1の1種以上のコポリマーを含む組成物。
- 請求項1の1種以上のコポリマーを含む薄膜半導体。
- 基板と、該基板上に設けられた請求項3の薄膜半導体とを含む複合体。
- 請求項1に記載の1種類以上のコポリマーを液状媒体中に溶解して溶液とし、該溶液を基板上に施与し、溶媒を除いて基板上に薄膜半導体を形成することを特徴とする、基板と、該基板上に設けられた請求項1の1種以上のコポリマーを含む薄膜半導体とを含む複合体の製造方法。
- 前記溶液を、回転塗布、浸漬塗布または印刷により施与する請求項5に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項3の薄膜半導体または請求項4の複合体を含む電界効果トランジスタ装置。
- 請求項3の薄膜半導体または請求項4の複合体を含む光発電装置。
- 請求項3の薄膜半導体または請求項4の複合体を含む有機発光ダイオード装置。
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