JP5603658B2 - Plant environmental management system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant environment management system that controls the indoor temperature of a cultivation house for cultivating plants, and more particularly, to a plant environment management system that performs temperature control by exhaust from a heat pump.

Fresh vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers and spinach are grown annually according to consumer needs. For example, in winter and high-cold areas, year-round cultivation is possible by installing heating equipment in a glass or vinyl greenhouse and supplying the heat necessary for vegetable growth.
Heating equipment installed in the greenhouse includes, for example, a warm air type heater using A heavy oil as a fuel, a device that circulates hot water, an electric heater, a heating lamp, and the like.

In recent years, a heat pump is used as the heating equipment.
The heat pump is basically composed of a heat source side device that collects heat from the heat source to heat the heat medium and exhausts the cold air, and a control side device that heats the intake air by the heat of the heat medium and exhausts it as hot air Has been. There is also a heat pump water heater that heats cold water by the heat of the heat medium and discharges the hot water.

Techniques related to air conditioning in a greenhouse using this heat pump have been proposed.
For example, a technology is disclosed in which a heat pump is installed in a greenhouse, warm water is heated using the heat pump as a heat source device, and the soil is heated by circulating the warm water through a radiating pipe embedded in the ground (for example, Patent Documents). 1).

JP 2009-136203 A

However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 has the following situation.
In this technology, when the heat pump takes in air as a heat source from the greenhouse and performs heat exchange, the heat pump exhausts cold air into the greenhouse. That is, the temperature of the intake air of the heat pump is lowered by the exhaust of the heat pump itself. For this reason, the COP (Coefficient of Performance) of the heat pump has been reduced.

  Also, during summer and winter days, the temperature in the greenhouse rises abnormally, so the ambient temperature of the plant needs to be lowered. In this technology, the cold air after heat recovery is directly discharged from the heat pump. Therefore, although the temperature decreases in the vicinity of the heat pump, the temperature does not decrease at a distance from the heat pump, which hinders plant growth.

Further, in the technique described in FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1, the heat pump is housed in a small room (casing), and during the daytime, the inner door that communicates with the inside of the greenhouse is opened and the outer door that communicates with the outside of the greenhouse is closed. At night, the inner door was closed and the outer door was opened.
However, the small room in which the heat pump was housed had no partition inside, and the intake and exhaust of the heat pump were mixed and circulated. For this reason, the temperature of the intake air decreased due to exhaust during daytime and at night, and the COP of the heat pump also decreased in this case.

  The present invention has been considered in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a plant environment management system that can appropriately control the indoor temperature of a greenhouse regardless of day or night and that can improve the COP of a heat pump. To do.

In order to achieve this object, the plant environment management system of the present invention includes a cultivation house for cultivating plants, a heat pump for lowering or raising the indoor temperature of the cultivation house, and intake air of the heat pump. The indoor temperature of the cultivation house is locally increased using a switching means for intake air attached to each of a plurality of paths, a heat storage tank that stores heat collected by a heat pump by storing the heat medium, and the heat medium. A local heating means, and an intake destination control means for operating the intake switching means to switch the intake destination . A cultivation bed is arranged in the room of the cultivation house, and the local heating means is a cultivation bed. It is set as the structure arrange | positioned in the vicinity of a plant above this.

According to the plant environment management system of the present invention, the intake and exhaust destinations can be switched flexibly, and thereby the COP of the heat pump can be improved. For example, the inside of the cultivation house becomes hot during fine weather in winter. In this case, the COP of the heat pump can be improved by sucking high-temperature air from the upper part in the cultivation house.
In addition, by discharging the exhaust (cold air) from the heat pump to the lower part in the cultivation house, the temperature transfer with the high-temperature air staying in the upper part in the cultivation house is reduced, and the reduction in COP of the heat pump is suppressed. it can.

Furthermore, by providing the local heating means, it is possible to appropriately perform local temperature control, for example, temperature control around the plant, among the cultivation houses.
Moreover, the interior of the cultivation house can be adjusted to an appropriate temperature regardless of time by providing a heat storage tank and allowing hot water to be supplied to the local heating means when necessary.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of a plant environment management system. It is an internal block diagram which shows the structure of a casing. It is a top view of the cultivation house which shows the composition of the ventilation piping arranged in the room of the cultivation house. It is a front external view which shows the structure of the thermal radiation piping of a local heating means. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a control means. It is a perspective view which shows arrangement | positioning of the temperature sensor in the room | chamber interior of a cultivation house. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of the airflow generation means in the room | chamber interior of a cultivation house. It is a system block diagram which shows the mode of a heat | fever circulation when an internal circulation mode is selected. It is a system block diagram which shows the mode of a heat | fever circulation when external air introduction mode is selected. It is a chart which shows the COP improvement rate of the latter with respect to the former when the COP when operating the heat pump in the outside air introduction mode and the COP when operating the heat pump in the inside air circulation mode. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the plant environment management system provided with the carbon dioxide supply means. It is the schematic which shows the other structure of a plant environment management system.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a plant environment management system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Plant environmental management system]
As shown in FIG. 1, the plant environment management system 1 of the present embodiment includes a cultivation house 10, a heat pump 20, a casing 30, a heat storage tank 40, a local heating unit 50, a nutrient solution supply unit 60, and a solar panel 70. It has.
Here, each configuration of the temperature control system and effects on the configuration will be described, and a specific control method will be described in detail in “Temperature Control Method” described later.

(House for cultivation)
The cultivation house 10 is an agricultural hut installed outdoors or indoors for the purpose of plant cultivation. Specifically, for example, there are a vinyl house in which a skeleton is formed of wood or steel, and is covered with a synthetic resin film, or a glass house in which plate glass is fitted to the outer wall and the ceiling 13. Thus, sunlight can be taken into the room of the cultivation house 10 by forming the cultivation house 10 with a transparent or translucent material.
Further, the cultivation house 10 includes, for example, a plant cultivation plant that systematically performs room temperature management, nutrient solution replenishment, and the like, and a greenhouse that promotes plant growth by raising the indoor temperature.

In the room of the cultivation house 10, a plurality of placement-type hydroponics beds 11 are arranged immediately above the ground (or at a predetermined height from the ground). The hydroponics bed 11 is planted with plants to be cultivated. The plant may be a hydroponically cultivated plant, for example, a vegetable such as tomato, cucumber, spinach, lettuce, eggplant, and bell pepper, a fruit, or a plant other than these.
In this embodiment, the hydroponics bed 11 is used as the cultivation bed. However, the bed is not limited to this. For example, a spray cultivation bed, a solid medium cultivation bed using a medium, and the like. Alternatively, a hydroponics soil cultivation bed using soil as a medium may be used. Furthermore, general soil cultivation may be used.

A light-shielding curtain 12 that can be opened and closed in the horizontal direction is installed in the middle middle part of the cultivation house 10. The light shielding curtain 12 is a cloth or synthetic resin sheet sewn in a net shape, and can be opened or closed manually or automatically.
The light-shielding curtain 12 has a function of blocking sunlight that has entered from the ceiling 13 or the wall portion 14 of the cultivation house 10 from reaching the hydroponics bed 11. For example, during the day, when the temperature inside the cultivation house 10 (particularly, near the hydroponics bed 11) rises above a predetermined temperature, the light-shielding curtain 12 is expanded. Thereby, a part of sunlight which entered from ceiling 13 etc. of cultivation house 10 is intercepted by shading curtain 12, and the light which reaches bed 11 for hydroponics decreases. That is, since the hydroponics bed 11 is shaded by the spread light-shielding curtain 12, the temperature rise of the hydroponic bed 11 and its surroundings can be suppressed.

  Moreover, in the state where the light-shielding curtain 12 is unfolded, the interior of the cultivation house 10 is partitioned into two upper and lower spaces. For this reason, in the room of the cultivation house 10, the temperature rises in the daytime above the light-shielding curtain 12 (upper layer), and on the other hand, below the light-shielding curtain 12 (lower layer), the air is discharged from the ventilation pipe 36 (described later). The temperature is lowered by the cold air generated. And since the temperature which the indoor upper layer of the cultivation house 10 rose and the temperature which the indoor lower layer fell are partitioned off by the light-shielding curtain 12, heat transfer is reduced, so that the cooling effect by the cool air discharge in the indoor lower layer is maintained for a long time. it can.

  A skylight 15 that can be opened and closed is provided on the ceiling 13 of the cultivation house 10. The skylight 15 is normally in a closed state, and shuts off the indoor and outdoor areas of the cultivation house 10. However, when the temperature inside the cultivation house 10 becomes a predetermined temperature or higher (for example, 28 ° C. or higher), the temperature is automatically opened by the control of the control means 80 (described later). Thereby, outside air is taken in from this skylight 15, and the indoor temperature of the cultivation house 10 can be reduced.

  The opening / closing control of the skylight 15 can be performed in conjunction with the opening / closing of the light shielding curtain 12. For example, although the indoor temperature of the cultivation house 10 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 25 ° C. or higher), the light shielding curtain 12 is spread to shield sunlight, but the temperature rise in the indoor lower layer cannot be suppressed, and the indoor temperature is When the temperature rises to a predetermined temperature or higher (for example, 28 ° C. or higher), the skylight 15 is automatically opened. Thus, the indoor temperature of the cultivation house 10 can be lowered by expanding the light-shielding curtain 12 and opening the skylight 15.

In addition, the temperature sensor 81 is arrange | positioned in the indoor of the cultivation house 10 in multiple places. The temperature sensor 81 will be described in detail later in “control means”.
Moreover, the local heating means 50 is installed in the vicinity of the plant planted on the bed 11 for hydroponics. The local heating means 50 will be described in detail later in “Local heating means”.

(heat pump)
As shown in FIG. 2, the heat pump 20 has an intake port 21 and an exhaust port 22, draws warm air (or outside air) from the intake port 21, and heats from the intake air by a heat exchanger (not shown). And cool air is exhausted from the exhaust port 22. Further, the heat pump 20 heats the cold water flowing through the heating pipe 23 with heat recovered from the warm air or outside air, and returns the hot water to the heat storage tank 40.
As the heat pump 20, for example, a natural refrigerant heat pump water heater (for example, Ecocute (registered trademark)) can be used.

The heat pump 20 may be an electric type or a gas type. Further, the outdoor unit and the main body may be integrated, or a separate type may be used.
Further, the operation / stop switching control of the heat pump 20 is executed by a control unit 85 (described later). For example, when the internal circulation mode or the outside air introduction mode is selected, the control unit 85 switches the heat pump 20 to the operation mode, and executes heat recovery, heat exchange, or the like.

(casing)
The casing 30 is a rectangular parallelepiped storage in which the heat pump 20 is housed.
As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of suction ports 32 (32-1, 32-2) and a plurality of discharge ports 33 (33-1, 33-2) are formed in the main body 31 of the casing 30. Yes.

The first inlet 32-1 is an opening for taking in air (warm air) from the indoor upper part of the cultivation house 10. One end of the suction pipe 34 is connected to the first suction port 32-1, and the other end of the suction pipe 34 is connected above the wall portion 14 of the cultivation house 10. The suction pipe 34 will be described in detail later in “Suction pipe”.
Further, a warm air damper 35-1 for controlling the circulation of the warm air is attached to the first suction port 32-1. The hot air damper 35-1 is a motor-operated opening / closing device that opens or closes the first suction port 32-1 under the control of a control means 80 (described later). When the warm air damper 35-1 is in an open state and the first suction port 32-1 is opened, warm air can be taken into the casing 30 from the upper portion of the cultivation house 10. On the other hand, when the warm air damper 35-1 is closed and the first suction port 32-1 is closed, it is not possible to take in warm air from the upper part of the cultivation house 10.

The second suction port 32-2 is an opening for taking in outside air from the outside of the casing 30 (in the atmosphere).
An outside air damper 35-2 that controls the intake of outside air is attached to the second suction port 32-2. The outside air damper 35-2 is a motor-operated opening / closing device that opens or closes the second suction port 32-2 under the control of the control means 80. When the outside air damper 35-2 is in an open state and the second suction port 32-2 is opened, the outside air can be taken into the casing 30. On the other hand, when the outside air damper 35-2 is closed and the second suction port 32-2 is closed, outside air cannot be taken in.

  Note that the hot air damper 35-1 and the outside air damper 35-2 have a plurality of paths (the suction pipe 34, the first suction port 32-1, and the second suction port 32-2) through which the heat pump 20 sucks air. Since the intake air is switched between intake intake and stop, it has a function as “intake air switching means”.

The 1st discharge port 33-1 is an opening for sending out the cold wind exhausted from the heat pump 20 to the indoor middle step part of the cultivation house 10, or the indoor lower part. One end of a blower pipe 36 (described later) is connected to the first discharge port 33-1.
In addition, a fan 35-3 that controls the delivery of cold air is attached to the first outlet 33-1. The fan 35-3 is a blower that rotates or stops under the control of the control means 80. When the fan 35-3 rotates, cold air is sent from the casing 30 into the room of the cultivation house 10. On the other hand, when the rotation of the fan 35-3 is stopped, the cool air is not fed into the cultivation house 10.
When the exhaust fan 22-1 of the main body of the heat pump 20 has a sufficient exhaust capability, the fan 35-3 can be omitted.
In addition, a partition means similar to the warm air damper 35-1 is provided on the outlet side (or inlet side) of the fan 35-3, and is opened at the same time as the fan 35-3 is started, and is closed when stopped. It is possible to prevent the exhaust gas from leaking into the blower pipe 36 at times other than that.

The second discharge port 33-2 is an opening for sending the cold air from the heat pump 20 out of the casing 30.
A discharge damper 35-4 for controlling the delivery of cold air is attached to the second discharge port 33-2. The discharge damper 35-4 is a motor-operated opening / closing device that opens or closes the second discharge port 33-2 under the control of the control means 80. When the discharge damper 35-4 is in an open state and the second discharge port 33-2 is open, cold air can be sent out of the casing 30. On the other hand, when the discharge damper 35-4 is in the closed state and the second discharge port 33-2 is closed, the cool air cannot be sent out.

  Note that the fan 35-3 and the discharge damper 35-4 are provided in each of a plurality of paths (the air supply pipe 36, the first discharge port 33-1, and the second discharge port 33-2) through which the exhaust of the heat pump 20 passes. Since it is attached and switches between exhaust sending and stopping, it has a function as “exhaust switching means”.

Inside the casing 30, two spaces of an intake space 37 and an exhaust space 38 are provided.
The intake space 37 is a space where the intake port 21 of the heat pump 20 and the plurality of intake ports 32 (32-1, 32-2) of the casing body 31 communicate with each other. In the intake space 37, warm air or outside air is taken in from either the first suction port 32-1 or the second suction port 32-2 and is sucked in from the suction port 21 of the heat pump 20. Selection control of the suction ports 32 (32-1, 32-2) for taking in the warm air or outside air is executed by the control means 80. This selection control will be described in detail in “Control means” described later.

  The exhaust space 38 is a space where the exhaust port 22 of the heat pump 20 and the plurality of discharge ports 33 (33-1, 33-2) of the casing body 31 communicate with each other. In this exhaust space 38, the cool air from the exhaust port 22 of the heat pump 20 is in the room or casing of the cultivation house 10 via either the first exhaust port 33-1 or the second exhaust port 33-2. It is sent out 30 outdoor. Selection control of the discharge ports 33 (33-1, 33-2) for sending out the cold air is executed by the control means 80. This selection control will be described in detail in “Control means” described later.

The intake space 37 and the exhaust space 38 are partitioned by a partition member 39. By providing the partition member 39, mixing of intake air and exhaust gas can be prevented.
In the present embodiment, both the intake space 37 and the exhaust space 38 are provided in one casing 30. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the casing for the intake space 37 and the exhaust space 38 are used. The casing for the intake space 37 is attached to the intake port 21 of the heat pump 20, and the casing for the exhaust space 38 is attached to the exhaust port 22 of the heat pump 20. it can.

The casing body 31 and the partition member 39 can be formed using a metal or wood plate member, a resin sheet, or the like.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the electric damper is provided in the 1st inlet 32-1, the 2nd inlet 32-2, and the 2nd outlet 33-2, it is not restricted to an electric damper. For example, other opening / closing means that operate without human power, such as a motor-driven butterfly valve, an electric shutter, and a hydraulic damper, may be provided.

(Inhalation pipe)
The suction pipe 34 is a tubular member made of a flexible material such as a synthetic resin or a rigid material such as a galvanized plate. One end portion of the suction pipe 34 is connected to the first suction port 32-1 of the casing 30, and the other end portion is connected above the wall portion 14 of the cultivation house 10. Thereby, the heated air staying above the cultivation house 10 can be taken into the intake space 37 of the casing 30 as warm air. Then, the warm air can be sucked in at the intake port 21 of the heat pump 20 to increase the COP of the heat pump 20.

  The other end of the suction pipe 34 is attached to a position higher than the height of the wall 14 of the cultivation house 10 to which the light shielding curtain 12 is attached. Thereby, the heat pump 20 can take in the heated air which stayed above the light-shielding curtain 12 among the indoor air of the cultivation house 10. In other words, it is possible to use the cultivation house 10 as a heat collecting chamber and take in hot air as a heat source from here. In this way, since the heated air in the room of the cultivation house 10 (air higher in temperature than the outside air) can be used, the COP of the heat pump 20 can be improved.

(Blower piping)
The air supply pipe 36 is an air pipe for sending cold air, which is exhaust of the heat pump 20, into the room of the cultivation house 10.
The blower pipe 36 is a cylindrical air pipe formed of a synthetic resin or steel material.
As shown in FIG. 3, the ventilation pipe 36 branches from the annular portion 36-1 disposed along the inside of the wall portion 14 of the cultivation house 10, and the cultivation house branched from the annular portion 36-1. And a connecting portion 36-2 that penetrates through the ten wall portions 14 and is connected to the first discharge port 33-1 of the casing 30. A plurality of branch portions 36-3 projecting downward are disposed on the lower surface of the annular portion 36-1.

  The blower pipe 36 sends the cool air exhausted from the heat pump 20 to the indoor middle stage or the indoor lower part of the cultivation house 10. Specifically, when the cold air is exhausted from the exhaust port 22 of the heat pump 20, it is sent from the exhaust space 38 of the casing 30 and the first exhaust port 33-1 to the connecting portion 36-2 of the blower pipe 36, and is annular. It passes through the part 36-1 and is discharged from each of the branch parts 36-3 to the indoor middle stage part or the indoor lower part of the cultivation house 10. Thereby, in the indoor lower layer (specifically, below the light-shielding curtain 12) of the cultivation house 10, temperature control by cold air can be easily performed, and in particular, the temperature around the hydroponics bed 11 can be efficiently performed. It can be reliably lowered.

In addition, the height from the ground to the arrangement position of the annular portion 36-1 can be arbitrarily determined. For example, the height can be about 1 m from the ground.
Moreover, in this embodiment, although the ventilation pipe 36 has the cyclic | annular part 36-1, the shape of the ventilation pipe 36 arrange | positioned in the room | chamber interior of the cultivation house 10 is not restricted to cyclic | annular, For example, It can also be formed in a comb shape or a lattice shape. In the case of the comb shape or the lattice shape, the blower pipe 36 is disposed above the hydroponics bed 11.

(Heat storage tank)
The heat storage tank 40 is a temperature stratification tank that stores a heat medium to store heat. For example, water can be used as the heat medium.
Inside the heat storage tank 40, the water temperature is different between the upper layer and the lower layer. For example, the water temperature of the upper layer can be about 60 ° C. to 90 ° C., and the water temperature of the lower layer can be about 20 ° C. to 30 ° C.

The heat storage tank 40 is connected to a heat storage pipe 41 through which the heat medium flows to the heat pump 20 and a heat radiation pipe 42 through which the heat medium flows to the local heating means 50.
One end of the heat storage pipe 41 is connected to the lower side of the heat storage tank 40, and the other end is connected to the water supply port 24 of the heat pump 20, and one end is the heat storage tank. There is a hot water pipe 41-2 connected to the upper side of 40 and having the other end connected to the drain port 25 of the heat pump 20. A heating pipe 23 that connects the water supply port 24 and the drainage port 25 is disposed inside the heat pump 20.

When the heat pump 20 is activated, the cold water stored below the heat storage tank 40 is supplied to the water supply port 24 of the heat pump 20 through the cold water pipe 41-1 and sent to the heating pipe 23. In the heating pipe 23, cold water is heated by hot air or heat recovered from outside air to become hot water. This hot water is returned to the upper side of the heat storage tank 40 from the drain port 25 of the heat pump 20 through the hot water pipe 41-2.
Thus, by supplying cold water to the hot water produced by the heat pump 20, the efficiency of the heat pump 20 can be greatly improved compared to the case of supplying hot water.

The heat radiation pipe 42 includes a hot water pipe 42-1 for supplying hot water from the heat storage tank 40 to the local heating means 50 and a cold water pipe 42-2 for sending cold water from the local heating means 50 to the heat storage tank 40.
One end of the hot water pipe 42-1 is connected to the upper part of the heat storage tank 40, and the other end is connected to the local heating means 50 via the temperature regulator 43 and the hot water pump 44. The cold water pipe 42-2 has one end connected to the local heating means 50 and the other end connected to the lower part of the heat storage tank 40.

The temperature adjuster 43 has a three-way valve (not shown), and mixes the cold water sent from the lower part of the heat storage tank 40 with the hot water sent from the upper part of the heat storage tank 40 to supply the hot water. Set to a predetermined temperature.
The pump 44 sends the hot water from the temperature regulator 43 to the local heating means 50 at a predetermined flow rate.
Thereby, after controlling the warm water of the upper part of the thermal storage tank 40 to predetermined | prescribed temperature, it can supply to the local heating means 50, and the cold warm water sent from the local heating means 50 can be returned to the lower part of the thermal storage tank 40. .

By providing this heat storage tank 40, the heat in the daytime cultivation house 10 can be temporarily stored in the heat storage tank 40 and used for night heating by the local heating means 50.
In addition, in this embodiment, although the shape of the thermal storage tank 40 is made into the cylindrical shape, it is not restricted to this, For example, it can be set as arbitrary shapes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped.
Moreover, in this embodiment, although the thermal storage tank 40 is set as the structure installed outside the cultivation house 10, it is not limited to this, It can also install in the room | chamber interior or underground of the cultivation house 10. .

(Local heating means)
The local heating means 50 is a means for raising the temperature inside the room of the cultivation house 10, in particular, the plant and its surroundings.
The local heating means 50 includes a heat radiation pipe 51 disposed in the vicinity of the plant.
The heat radiating pipe 51 is a hollow pipe formed of rubber, vinyl, plastic, cloth, etc., and discharges radiant heat when warm water (heating fluid) supplied by the hot water pump 44 flows inside, The temperature of the plant and its surroundings is increased. In that case, in order to prevent generation | occurrence | production of algae, it is more preferable in it being piping with sufficient light-shielding property.
The heat radiating pipe 51 is disposed within a predetermined distance from the plant (for example, within a distance of 1 m or several tens of cm from the plant).
Note that this region includes, for example, a position where the heat radiating pipe 51 is in contact with the leaves of the plant and a case where the heat radiating pipe 51 is located between the leaves. However, when there is a possibility that the heat radiation pipe 51 and the leaf or fruit are in direct contact with each other, it is more preferable to protect the heat radiation pipe 51 with a net (not shown) that does not prevent heat radiation.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the heat radiating piping 51 is formed by combining a plurality of straight piping portions 51-1 and a plurality of curved piping portions 51-2 to form a single flow path.
As for the multiple straight piping part 51-1, the longitudinal direction is arrange | positioned horizontally with respect to the ground. Further, the plurality of straight pipe portions 51-1 are arranged vertically in a direction substantially perpendicular to the ground, and are further arranged in parallel at substantially equal intervals.
Then, the upper and lower two of the plurality of straight pipe portions 51-1 are set as one set, and one end portions of each set are connected by the curved pipe portion 51-2, and this time, the straight line at the uppermost position is connected. Of the plurality of straight piping portions 51-1, excluding the piping portion 51-1 and the straight piping portion 51-1, which is at the lowest position, the upper and lower portions are taken as one set, and the other ends of each set are curved. The other end of the hot water pipe 42-1 of the heat radiating pipe 42 connected to the upper part of the heat storage tank 40 is connected to the other end of the straight pipe portion 51-1 at the uppermost position. The other end of the cold pipe 42-2 connected to the lower part of the heat storage tank 40 is connected to the other end of the straight pipe portion 51-1 at the lowermost position, so that one flow path is broken. Is forming.

  By disposing the heat radiation pipe 51 having such a configuration in the vicinity of the plant, temperature control (temperature increase) is locally and effectively performed on the plant by radiant heat from the heat radiation pipe 51 and heat convection. It can be performed. Moreover, compared with the case where the whole room | chamber of the greenhouse 10 is heated, a significant energy saving and global warming prevention measure (reduction of the discharge | emission amount of a carbon dioxide etc.) can be aimed at.

In addition, the thermal radiation piping 51 can be attached to the net | network (not shown) hung from the upper direction of the plant, for example.
Moreover, it is desirable to arrange the heat radiating pipe 51 in the vicinity of a specific part of the plant. The specific part refers to the part that affects plant growth and the quantity and quality of the harvest. For tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, sweet peppers, lettuce, etc., flower buds (flower bunches), growth points (shoot tip growth points), etc. It is. If it does in this way, energy saving etc. can be aimed at, improving or maintaining the quantity and quality of a crop (fruit).

Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the heat radiating piping 51 has the straight piping part 51-1 arranged horizontally, it is not limited to this, for example, it is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the ground, or It is also possible to provide a spiral around the periphery.
In the present embodiment, a flexible hose is used for the heat radiating pipe 51, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a pipe made of vinyl chloride or a metal can be used.

(Nutrient solution supply means)
The nutrient solution supply means 60 is a device that manages the nutrient solution supplied to the hydroponics bed 11. As shown in FIG. 1, the nutrient solution supply means 60 includes a nutrient solution tank 61, a nutrient solution heater 62, a nutrient solution supply unit 63, and a nutrient solution feedback unit 64.
The nutrient solution tank 61 is a container for storing a nutrient solution. The nutrient solution tank 61 can be buried in the ground or installed on the ground surface, for example.

  The nutrient solution heater 62 is a pipe through which hot water flows. Hot water is supplied to the nutrient solution heater 62 from the branch pipe connected to the hot water pipe 42-1, and the low temperature hot water is returned to the branch pipe connected to the cold water pipe 42-2. The control means 80 controls the hot water to flow through the nutrient solution heater 62.

The nutrient solution supply unit 63 pumps the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank 61 by the supply pump 63-1 and supplies it to the hydroponics bed 11.
The nutrient solution return unit 64 returns the excess nutrient solution from the hydroponics bed 11 to the nutrient solution tank 61.

(Solar panel)
The solar panel 70 receives sunlight to generate power, and supplies power to the heat pump 20 via the power wiring 71.
Note that when the solar panel 70 cannot generate sufficient power, for example, at night or when the weather is bad, power is supplied to the heat pump 20 from another power source.

(Control means)
The control means 80 controls the operation of each device constituting the temperature control system 1.
The control means 80 includes a plurality of temperature sensors 81, a solar radiation amount measuring sensor 82, a time measuring unit 83, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 84, and a control unit 85.
The temperature sensor 81 is installed in an object or a target range for performing temperature management. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, house sensors 81-1 to 81-2, an outside air temperature measurement sensor 81-3, a heat storage tank sensor 81-4, and a nutrient solution temperature measurement sensor 81- 5. There is a hot water temperature measurement sensor 81-6.

House sensors 81-1 to 81-2 measure temperatures at various locations in the cultivation house 10. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the house sensors 81-1 to 81-2 have five locations in the upper part of the room of the cultivation house 10 (above the light-shielding curtain 12, near the center, and on each of the four walls. Near the upper part of the section 14, the temperature sensors 81-11 to 81-15 in the figure), five places in the lower part of the room (at a predetermined height from the ground, near the center, and near the lower part of each of the four wall sections 14, The temperature sensors 81-21 to 81-25 in FIG.
The outside air temperature measuring sensor 81-3 is a sensor that measures the outside air temperature, and can be installed at any location outside the cultivation house 10, for example.

The heat storage tank sensor 81-4 measures the temperature of the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank 40. The heat storage tank sensor 81-4 includes, for example, an upper layer (temperature sensor 81-41), a middle layer (temperature sensor 81-42), a lower layer (temperature sensor 81-43), and a lowermost layer (temperature sensor) inside the heat storage tank 40. 81-44).
The nutrient solution temperature measuring sensor 81-5 measures the temperature of the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank 61. The nutrient solution temperature measuring sensor 81-5 can be arranged inside the nutrient solution tank 61 (a position in contact with the nutrient solution).

The hot water temperature measurement sensor 81-6 measures the temperature of the hot water discharged from the temperature adjuster 43. The hot water temperature measurement sensor 81-6 can be disposed at a position (for example, a hot water discharge port) that contacts the hot water after the temperature is adjusted by the temperature adjuster 43, for example.
In addition, although the installation position of each temperature sensor 81 is as above in this embodiment, it is not restricted to these, It can determine arbitrarily according to the shape and function of each apparatus.

The solar radiation amount measuring sensor 82 measures the intensity of sunlight. The solar radiation amount measuring sensor 82 can be installed outside the cultivation house 10, for example.
The timer 83 measures the current time.
The carbon dioxide concentration sensor 84 measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in the vicinity of the sensor 84.
The control unit 85 controls the operation of each device constituting the plant environment management system 1 based on the measurement results from the temperature sensor 81, the solar radiation amount measuring sensor 82, the time measuring unit 83, and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 84.
Various controls performed by the control means 80 will be described in detail in “Temperature Control Method” described later.

In addition, the airflow generation means 16 can be provided in the indoor upper part of the cultivation house 10 as shown in FIG.
The air flow generation means 16 can be constituted by, for example, an air conveying fan, etc., and is a device that blows out air from the air blowing port 16-1 and creates an air flow (air flow) in the horizontal direction while surrounding air is involved. is there.
The blower port 16-1 is formed on the surface of the main body side surface of the airflow generation means 16 toward the side where the suction pipe 34 is provided. For this reason, the wind blown out from the blower port 16-1 creates an air flow toward the suction pipe 34. Therefore, the high-temperature air staying in the upper part of the cultivation house 10 can be efficiently fed toward the suction pipe 34.
The control of the airflow generation means 16 can be performed by the control unit 85. The control unit 85 operates the airflow generation means 16 when the inside air circulation mode (described later) is selected. As a result, a horizontal airflow can be created in the upper part of the cultivation house 10 and hot air can be fed into the suction pipe 34.

[Temperature control method]
Next, a temperature control method executed by the plant environment management system of this embodiment will be described.
Here, the following controls will be sequentially described.
(1) Switching control between inside air circulation mode and outside air introduction mode (switching control between inside air and outside air of heat source of heat pump 20)
(2) Plant temperature control by local heating means 50 (indoor temperature control of cultivation house 10)
(3) Water temperature control of heat storage tank 40 (4) Liquid temperature control of nutrient solution

(1) Switching control between inside air circulation mode and outside air introduction mode This switching control is performed based on the following (a) to (d) as a basic idea.
(A) Which of the inside air circulation mode and the outside air introduction mode is selected is determined by using the indoor upper temperature, indoor lower temperature, outside air temperature, time, and solar radiation amount (hereinafter referred to as “judgment parameter”) of the cultivation house 10. decide.
(B) The room air circulation mode is selected only when sufficient heat is stored in the room of the cultivation house 10 and the condition that the temperature in the lower part of the room of the cultivation house 10 is not excessively lowered even when warm air is collected.
(C) The condition for selecting the inside air circulation mode is defined by providing a threshold for each determination parameter. The threshold value can be arbitrarily set according to the area where the system is installed, the cultivated crop, the greenhouse specification, and the like.
(D) This switching control is performed by the control unit 85.

The switching control between the inside air circulation mode and the outside air introduction mode performed based on these ideas (a) to (d) will be described below.
The following description is divided into the following items (i) to (iii).
(I) Inside air circulation mode (ii) Outside air introduction mode (iii) Specific example of switching control (iii-1) Switching control by temperature (iii-2) Switching control by time (iii-3) Switching control by solar radiation

(I) Inside air circulation mode The inside air circulation mode means that the cultivation house 10 is used as a heat storage chamber, air (warm air) is taken into the casing 30 from the indoor upper portion of the cultivation house 10, and the heat pump 20 draws the warm air. In order to warm the cold water from the heat storage tank 40 with this collected heat, send this hot water to the heat storage tank 40, and send the cold air into the room of the cultivation house 10, the intake switching means and the exhaust A mode for controlling the operation of the switching means.
Specifically, the controller 85 closes the outside air panda 35-2, closes the discharge damper 35-4, opens the hot air damper 35-1, and activates (rotates) the fan 35-3. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, hot air is taken in from the first suction port 32-1 to which the hot air damper 35-1 is attached, and the heat pump 20 draws in the hot air and generates heat. It collect | recovers, a cold wind is exhausted, and it discharges | emits from the 1st discharge port 33-1 to which the fan 35-3 was attached.

(Ii) Outside air introduction mode In the outside air introduction mode, outside air is taken in from the outside of the casing 30, the heat pump 20 sucks the outside air, collects heat, and heats the cold water from the heat storage tank 40 with the collected heat. In order to send this warm water to the heat storage tank 40 and send cold air to the outside of the casing 30, it means a mode for controlling the operation of the intake switching means and the exhaust switching means.
Specifically, the control unit 85 opens the outside air panda 35-2, opens the discharge damper 35-4, closes the hot air damper 35-1, and stops the fan 35-3. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, outside air is taken in from the second suction port 32-2 to which the outside air damper 35-2 is attached, and the outside air is sucked in the heat pump 20 to recover heat, The cold air is exhausted and discharged from the second discharge port 33-2 to which the discharge damper 35-4 is attached.

The mode selected by the controller 85 can be provided with a stop mode in addition to the inside air circulation mode and the outside air introduction mode.
The stop mode refers to a mode in which the heat pump 20 does not perform heat recovery or heat exchange.
Specifically, for example, when the indoor temperature of the cultivation house 10 is within a predetermined temperature range, it is not necessary to send cold air, or when the cold air is fed in the inside air circulation mode, the indoor temperature of the cultivation house 10 When the temperature falls below the predetermined temperature, the temperature of the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank 40 is within the range of the predetermined temperature, so that it is not necessary to supply hot water. The stop mode is selected when the temperature of the heat medium stored in the tank 40 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.
When this stop mode is selected, the control unit 85 closes the outside air panda 35-2, closes the discharge damper 35-4, closes the hot air damper 35-1, and stops the fan 35-3. . Thereby, air is not inhaled from the hot air damper 35-1 or the outside air panda 35-2, and air is not exhausted by the fan 35-3 or the exhaust damper 35-4.
In this stop mode, the heat pump 20 is also stopped (stop mode), and no heat recovery or heat exchange is performed.

  (Iii) Specific example of switching control

(Iii-1) Switching control by temperature A threshold Td ° C. is set in advance in a storage unit (not shown) of the control unit 85. The threshold Td ° C. can be set to 15 ° C., for example.
The control part 85 collects the measured value of the room temperature of the cultivation house 10 from the temperature sensors 81-1 and 81-2. And the room temperature of the cultivation house 10 is specified, and it is judged whether this room temperature is more than threshold value Td degreeC.
As a result of the determination, when the room temperature is lower than the threshold value Td ° C., the control unit 85 selects the outside air introduction mode. Thereby, the air outside the casing 30 (outside air) is taken into the casing 30 as a heat source of the heat pump 20. And the heat pump 20 heats cold water with the heat | fever collect | recovered from the external air, and supplies this warm water to the thermal storage tank 40 (refer FIG. 9).

  On the other hand, when the room temperature is equal to or higher than the threshold value Td ° C., the control unit 85 selects the room air circulation mode. Thereby, the high-temperature air in the indoor upper part of the cultivation house 10 is taken into the casing 30 as a heat source of the heat pump 20, and the cold air is blown to the indoor lower part of the cultivation house 10 through the ventilation pipe 36 (see FIG. 8). ). For this reason, the temperature of the indoor lower part (especially plant periphery) of the cultivation house 10 can be reduced.

And the COP of the heat pump 20 can be improved by selecting the inside air circulation mode in this way.
The measured value of the COP improvement rate is shown in FIG. This figure is a chart showing the COP when the heat pump 20 is operated in the outside air introduction mode, the COP when the heat pump 20 is operated in the inside air circulation mode, and the improvement rate of the latter COP with respect to the former COP.
In addition, the actual measurement values are measured at consecutive times in the order from the inside air circulation mode to the outside air introduction mode on the same day in winter and on a fine day. Furthermore, the data of the figure shows the average value of the results measured for 10 minutes.

As shown in the figure, the outside air temperature during operation of the heat pump 20 was 6 ° C. In the outside air introduction mode, the intake temperature of the heat pump 20 was 5 ° C.
On the other hand, in the inside air circulation mode, the intake temperature of the heat pump 20 was 27 ° C. And the improvement rate of COP in the inside air circulation mode with respect to COP in the outside air introduction mode was + 30%.
Thus, the improvement rate of COP in the inside air circulation mode showed a high value. This is considered to be because the high-temperature air in the indoor upper part of the cultivation house 10 is used as the heat source of the heat pump 20.

  In addition, the temperature sensor 81 for the control part 85 to collect the indoor temperature of the cultivation house 10 is the temperature sensors 81-1 (81-11 to 81-15) and 81-2 (81-21 to 81) shown in FIG. 81-25) may be all or part or one of them. In some cases, for example, only five of the temperature sensors 81-11 to 81-15 provided in the upper part of the room of the cultivation house 10 may be used, or the temperature sensor 81- provided in the lower part of the room. Only five of 21-81-25 may be sufficient. When a plurality of temperature sensors 81 are used, the average temperature of the measurement values of these temperature sensors 81 can be adopted, or control can be performed based on the measurement value indicating the lowest temperature among the plurality of measurement values. The same applies to (2) “Temperature control of plant by local heating means 50” described later.

  Moreover, the control part 85 can set the threshold value of the temperature of the indoor upper part of the cultivation house 10 and the threshold value of the temperature of the indoor lower part of the cultivation house 10 by different values, respectively. And the control part 85 is when the measured value of the indoor upper part temperature of the cultivation house 10 is higher than the former threshold value, and the measured value of the indoor lower part temperature of the cultivation house 10 is higher than the latter threshold value. The inside air circulation mode can be selected.

Furthermore, the control part 85 provides a threshold value for the temperature difference between the room temperature of the cultivation house 10 and the outside air temperature, and the measurement value by the house sensors 81-1 to 81-2 and the measurement by the outside air temperature measurement sensor 81-3. It is also possible to select a mode by obtaining a difference from a value and determining whether this difference is equal to or greater than a threshold value.
In addition, the control unit 85 may set a threshold value for the difference between the indoor upper temperature of the cultivation house 10 and the outdoor air temperature, and may set the threshold value for the difference between the indoor lower temperature of the cultivation house 10 and the outdoor air temperature. it can. And the control part 85 is the inside air circulation, when the difference of the indoor upper part temperature of the cultivation house 10 and an outdoor air temperature is higher than the former threshold value, and the difference between the indoor lower part temperature and the outdoor air temperature is higher than the latter threshold value. A mode can be selected.

  Also, different values can be set for the threshold used when switching from the outside air introduction mode to the inside air circulation mode and the threshold used when switching from the inside air circulation mode to the outside air introduction mode.

(Iii-2) Time-based switching control Times (setting times t1, t2) for switching between the outside air introduction mode and the inside air circulation mode are set in advance in the storage unit (not shown) of the control unit 85. For example, the set time can be set such that t1 = 6: 00 am, t2 = 4 pm, and the like.
And the control part 85 receives the present time from the time measuring part 83, and judges whether this present time is between setting time t1 and t2.
As a result of the determination, when the current time is between the set times t1 and t2, the inside air circulation mode is selected.
On the other hand, when the current time is not between the set times t1 and t2, the outside air introduction mode is selected.
Thereby, switching between the outside air introduction mode and the inside air circulation mode can be performed according to the time. In particular, if the set time is t1 = 6: 00 am, t2 = 4 pm as described above, the mode can be switched between daytime and nighttime.

The set times t1 and t2 can be set to arbitrary times.
The set times t1 and t2 can be set to different times depending on the season (for example, in summer and winter).
Furthermore, the control unit 85 can also perform control that combines switching control by time and switching control by temperature.
For example, when the current time is between the set times t1 and t2, the outside air introduction mode can be selected when the temperature in the lower part of the room of the cultivation house 10 is equal to or lower than the set value Tib ° C. On the other hand, when the current time is between the set times t1 and t2, and the temperature in the lower part of the room of the cultivation house 10 is equal to or higher than the set value Tib ° C., the inside air circulation mode can be selected. When the current time is not between the set times t1 and t2, the outside air introduction mode can be selected.

(Iii-3) Switching control based on solar radiation amount A threshold value _{R0 of} solar radiation amount is set in advance in the storage unit (not shown) of the control unit 85. And the control part 85 receives the measured value of the solar radiation amount from the solar radiation amount measuring sensor 82, and judges whether this measured value is higher than threshold value _R0 .
As a result of the determination, when the measured value is higher than the threshold value _R0 , the inside air circulation mode is selected.
On the other hand, when the measured value is lower than the threshold value _R0 , the outside air introduction mode is selected.
For example, when sunlight is strong, the temperature of the indoor upper part of the cultivation house 10 tends to increase. For this reason, it is effective to switch to the inside air circulation mode early.
In addition, instead of the amount of solar radiation, sunshine hours can also be used.

As described above, the control unit 85 operates as the intake switching unit to switch the intake destination, and thus has a function as an “intake destination control unit”.
Further, since the control unit 85 operates the exhaust switching unit to switch the exhaust destination, it has a function as an “exhaust destination control unit”.

(2) Plant temperature control by local heating means 50 (temperature control in the room of the cultivation house)
In this temperature control, the plant and its vicinity are heated by flowing warm water through the heat radiating pipe 51 of the local heating means 50 under the control of the control unit 85.

This temperature control can be performed by the following procedure.
The control unit 85 collects the temperature of the indoor lower portion of the cultivation house 10 (particularly, the temperature in the vicinity of the plant) from the temperature sensor 81-2 and collects the temperature of the outside air from the temperature sensor 81-3.
The controller 85 determines whether or not the temperature in the lower part of the cultivation house 10 collected from the temperature sensor 81-2 is lower than a predetermined temperature (for example, 20 ° C.). When the result of the determination is that the temperature in the lower part of the room is lower than the predetermined temperature, the hot water pump 44 is activated, the shutoff valve 45 of the hot water pipe 42-1 is opened, and the hot water is allowed to flow through the heat radiating pipe 51.

At this time, the control unit 85 sets the indoor temperature of the cultivation house 10 to an appropriate temperature (for example, 22 ° C.) based on the indoor temperature collected from the temperature sensor 81-2 and the outside air temperature collected from the temperature sensor 81-3. The temperature Tb of hot water required for maintaining is calculated.
And the control part 85 controls the temperature regulator 43, and adjusts the temperature of warm water. Specifically, the control unit 85 supplies the upper layer warm water (for example, 90 ° C.) and the lower layer cold water (for example, 20 ° C.) to the temperature adjuster 43 so that the temperature of the warm water becomes Tb. Mix with a three-way valve. Further, the hot water pump 44 is controlled to adjust the flow rate of the hot water (for example, 200 cc per minute).
If it does in this way, the temperature control of warm water can be automatically performed according to the change of outside temperature.

  On the other hand, when the temperature of the indoor lower part of the cultivation house 10 exceeds a predetermined temperature (for example, 25 ° C.), the control unit 85 stops the hot water pump 44 and turns off the shutoff valve 45 of the hot water pipe 42-1. It is closed and the flow of hot water to the heat radiating pipe 51 is stopped.

  By executing this temperature control, the plant can be locally and effectively controlled by radiant heat from the heat radiating pipe 51 and heat convection. Thereby, in greenhouse cultivation, for example, compared with the case where the whole greenhouse is heated, significant energy saving and global warming prevention measures (reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, etc.) can be achieved.

  In this temperature control, the plant is heated by using the local heating means 50. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a hot water-air heat exchanger is provided in the room of the cultivation house 10, and a hot water pump is provided. The warm air heating can also be performed by turning on the blower fan attached to the heat exchanger.

(3) Water temperature control of the heat storage tank 40 The controller 85 adjusts and controls the temperature (water temperature) of the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank 40.
This water temperature control can be performed by the following procedure.
The control unit 85 collects the water temperature in the upper layer and the lowermost layer of the heat storage tank 40 from the temperature sensor 81-4.
Next, the controller 85 activates the heat pump 20 when the water temperature of the upper layer of the heat storage tank 40 is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature (for example, 90 ° C.) and the lowermost layer is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature (for example, 20 ° C.). The hot water is supplied to the heat storage tank 40.

On the other hand, when the water temperature of the upper layer of the heat storage tank 40 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 92 ° C.) that is the release temperature, or the water temperature of the lowermost layer of the heat storage tank 40 is the predetermined temperature (for example, 25 ° C.). ) When the above is reached, the operation of the heat pump 20 is stopped, and the supply of hot water to the heat storage tank 40 is stopped.
By performing such water temperature control, the temperature of the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank 40 can be adjusted to a desired temperature.

If the temperature of the lowermost layer of the heat storage tank 40 rises by making too much hot water, the efficiency of the heat pump 20 that makes hot water from the cold water of this layer will drop, so the temperature of the lowermost layer of the heat storage tank 40 is about 30 ° C. It is desirable to control the temperature so that it does not rise any further.
Furthermore, the set value of the hot water storage temperature can be arbitrarily determined according to the performance of the heat storage tank 40, the heat pump 20, and the local heating means 50.

(4) Solution temperature control of nutrient solution The control unit 85 controls the temperature of the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank 61.
The controller 85 collects the temperature of the nutrient solution measured by the temperature sensor 81-5.
Next, the control unit 85 determines whether or not the temperature inside the nutrient solution tank 61 is lower than a predetermined temperature (for example, 20 ° C.). As a result of the determination, if the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, the hot water pump 44 is activated, the shutoff valve 46 of the hot water pipe 42-1 is opened, hot water is supplied to the nutrient solution heater 62, and the nutrient solution is heated.
On the other hand, when the temperature inside the nutrient solution tank 61 exceeds a predetermined temperature (for example, 22 ° C.) that is the release temperature, the control unit 85 stops the hot water pump 44 and shuts off the shutoff valve 46 of the hot water pipe 42-1. Is closed, the supply of hot water to the nutrient solution heater 62 is stopped, and the heating of the nutrient solution is terminated.
Thereby, the temperature adjustment of a nutrient solution can be performed.

  The control unit 85 performs the temperature control of the nutrient solution supplied to the hydroponics bed 11 using the heat medium from the heat storage tank 40, and thus has a function as a “nutrient solution temperature control unit”. doing.

[Pest control]
Pest damage can be controlled by flowing warm water through the local heating means 50 of the temperature control system 1 to heat the plant and its vicinity.
This is because the leaf surface of the plant is warmed by the radiant heat from the heat radiating pipe 51 of the local heating means 50, the condensation on the leaf surface is reduced, and the humidity is lowered.
Moreover, in inside air circulation mode, it has the effect of dehumidifying the air containing the excessive water | moisture content of the room | chamber interior 10 with the heat pump 20, and returning to the room | chamber interior 10 of the cultivation house 10, and can also anticipate the disease prevention effect by excessive humidity. .

In addition, agrochemical mixing means 17 for mixing a biological pesticide (for example, Bacillus) into the cold air is provided in the ventilation pipe 36 (see FIG. 1). Thereby, since cool air is discharged | emitted from the branch pipe 36-3 of the ventilation piping 36, a biological pesticide is spread | dispersed in a plant | air in the air, Therefore A disease and pest damage can be controlled.
In addition to the above, for pest control, for example, (a) pest control with biological pesticides, (b) pest control with natural enemy organisms, (c) chemical pesticides in combination, (d) natural products, microbial materials, etc. Other than agricultural chemicals, materials that have pest control effects are used, and (e) physical pest control materials such as adhesive plates and adhesive tapes are used.

[CO2 supply means]
The carbon dioxide supply means 90 is means for supplying carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) into the room of the cultivation house 10.
Plants have chloroplasts and can perform photosynthesis. Photosynthesis refers to the function of synthesizing carbohydrates (saccharides) from water and carbon dioxide using chemical energy converted from light and releasing oxygen generated in the process of decomposing water to the outside. Synthesized carbohydrates (saccharides) serve as energy sources for plant growth and as raw materials for building new cells. Therefore, in order to promote the growth of plants, it is effective to activate photosynthesis actively.

It is known that this photosynthesis is performed more actively (the photosynthesis rate becomes faster) as the concentration of carbon dioxide around the plant increases.
However, the cultivation house 10 normally keeps the windows of the walls 14 and the skylights 15 closed in order to maintain the room temperature. For this reason, outside air will not flow into the room of cultivation house 10, and it will be in the state where room air stayed. In addition, plants release oxygen through photosynthesis. Thereby, the density | concentration of the carbon dioxide of the staying air falls, a photosynthesis rate becomes slow, and growth of a plant is suppressed.
Therefore, in order to increase the concentration of carbon dioxide around the plant and promote the growth of the plant, a carbon dioxide supply means 90 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 11, the carbon dioxide supply means 90 includes a carbon dioxide cylinder 91, a pipe 92, and an electromagnetic valve 93.
The carbon dioxide cylinder 91 is a cylinder in which liquefied carbon dioxide is enclosed. Carbon dioxide is vaporized under reduced pressure by an air regulator (not shown) attached to the head of the carbon dioxide cylinder 91 and released.
The pipe 92 is a tubular member that connects the head (air regulator) of the carbon dioxide cylinder 91 and the blower pipe 36. In other words, the carbon dioxide released from the carbon dioxide cylinder 91 is sent to the blower pipe 36 through the pipe 92. Thereby, carbon dioxide is sent into the room of the cultivation house 10 together with the cold air that is the exhaust of the heat pump 20, and is discharged to the periphery of the plant. In particular, since the annular portion 36-1 of the blower pipe 36 is formed in an annular shape along the wall surface of the cultivation house 10, the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased over substantially the entire lower portion of the cultivation house 10. be able to.

  The electromagnetic valve 93 opens and closes under the control of the control unit 85 to flow or stop carbon dioxide through the pipe 92. For example, when the electromagnetic valve 93 is in an open state, carbon dioxide is released from the opening of the carbon dioxide cylinder 91 and is sent to the blower pipe 36 through the pipe 92. As a result, carbon dioxide is mixed into the cold air flowing through the blower pipe 36. On the other hand, when the electromagnetic valve 93 is closed, the carbon dioxide released from the mouth of the carbon dioxide cylinder 91 is stopped by the electromagnetic valve 93. Thereby, carbon dioxide does not mix in the cold air flowing through the blower pipe 36.

Further, a carbon dioxide sensor 84 is provided at a predetermined location in the cultivation house 10 (for example, in the vicinity of a plant and about 1 m in height from the ground).
The carbon dioxide sensor 84 measures the concentration of carbon dioxide at the installation location and sends the measurement result to the control unit 85.

The controller 85 performs opening / closing control of the electromagnetic valve 93 according to the measurement result sent from the carbon dioxide sensor 84 and whether the currently executed mode is the inside air circulation mode, the outside air introduction mode, or the stop mode. .
For example, when the currently executed mode is the outside air introduction mode or the stop mode, the electromagnetic valve 93 is closed.
When the currently executed mode is the inside air circulation mode and the measurement result (carbon dioxide concentration) sent from the carbon dioxide sensor 84 indicates a predetermined value or more (for example, 350 ppm or more), electromagnetic The valve 93 is closed.
On the other hand, when the currently executed mode is the inside air circulation mode and the measurement result (carbon dioxide concentration) sent from the carbon dioxide sensor 84 indicates a predetermined value or less (for example, 350 ppm or less), electromagnetic The valve 93 is opened.

By performing such control, the following effects can be obtained.
At night when outside light does not enter the room of the cultivation house 10, the plant does not perform photosynthesis. For this reason, the density | concentration of a carbon dioxide does not fall in the periphery of a plant. Further, at night, the control unit 85 selects the outside air introduction mode. Therefore, when the outside air introduction mode is being executed, the electromagnetic valve 93 is closed so that carbon dioxide is not supplied into the room of the cultivation house 10.

On the other hand, during the daytime when outside light enters the room of the cultivation house 10, plants actively perform photosynthesis. For this reason, the density | concentration of a carbon dioxide falls around a plant. And if the room temperature of cultivation house 10 rises above predetermined temperature during the day, control part 85 will choose inside air circulation mode. Here, when the concentration of carbon dioxide around the plant is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the photosynthesis rate is high. Therefore, in this case, the solenoid valve 93 is closed so that carbon dioxide is not supplied into the cultivation house 10. On the other hand, when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the vicinity of the plant is not more than a predetermined value, the photosynthetic rate is lowered and the growth of the plant is suppressed. Therefore, in this case, the electromagnetic valve 93 is opened so that carbon dioxide is supplied into the cultivation house 10. Thereby, the density | concentration of the carbon dioxide in the circumference | surroundings of a plant rises, a photosynthesis rate becomes quick, and it can promote the growth of a plant.
In addition, when the control part 85 has selected the stop mode, since the heat pump 20 is not operating, the supply of carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide supply means 90 into the room of the cultivation house 10 is not performed.

In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic valve 93 is switched to open when the concentration of carbon dioxide around the plant is 350 ppm or less. However, the threshold value for switching the electromagnetic valve 93 is not limited to 350 ppm. Any concentration can be used.
Furthermore, the threshold when switching the electromagnetic valve 93 from closed to open and the threshold when switching from open to closed may be the same or different. For example, the threshold value when switching from closed to open can be set to 350 ppm, and the threshold value when switching from open to closed can be any value of 500 to 1000 ppm. When the concentration of carbon dioxide in the vicinity of the plant is higher than the concentration of carbon dioxide in the outside air (usually 350 ppm), in order to maintain this, the window of the wall portion 14 and the skylight 15 are not opened. It is desirable to do.

In addition, in the present embodiment, carbon dioxide is fed into the blower pipe 36 by the carbon dioxide supply means 90. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the pipe 92 includes the wall portion 14 of the cultivation house 10. It is also possible to directly connect carbon dioxide to the interior of the room.
Moreover, in this embodiment, although it is set as the structure which provides the carbon dioxide sensor 84 in the room | chamber interior of the cultivation house 10, it is not restricted to this, A plurality can be provided. In this case, the control unit 85 can use an average value of the measurement results from the plurality of carbon dioxide sensors 84 or use a minimum value as a threshold value used for opening / closing control of the electromagnetic valve 93.

As explained above, according to the plant environment management system of this embodiment, the temperature in the room of the cultivation house can be adjusted by supplying hot water or cold air into the cultivation house.
Further, by providing a plurality of intake destinations for the heat pump, providing a switching means for intake in each of the plurality of intake paths, and having a control unit for selecting an intake destination capable of taking in high-temperature air from the intake destinations The heat pump can intake air using hot air as a heat source, and the COP of the heat pump can be increased.
Furthermore, by making one of the intake destinations of the heat pump into the upper part of the cultivation house, the cultivation house is used as a heat collecting chamber, and high-temperature air staying in the upper part of the room is used as a heat source, and is sucked into the heat pump. Thus, the COP of the heat pump can be improved.

In addition, the temperature of the room of the cultivation house and the temperature of the outside air are constantly monitored, the temperature of the room of the cultivation house is sufficiently higher than the temperature of the outside air, and the condition that the room of the cultivation house is not too cold due to the circulation of cold air When they are ready, they can automatically switch to the inside air circulation mode. Thereby, the intake air of the heat pump becomes high temperature, and the COP of the heat pump can be improved reliably.
Furthermore, the switching conditions between the inside air circulation mode and the outside air introduction mode can be set for each time. For example, in the morning when it is necessary to raise the indoor temperature of the cultivation house, priority is given to heat exchange with the outside air, and in the afternoon, the warm air in the greenhouse is actively used and the greenhouse is cooled at the same time. A shift can be performed.

Moreover, because the house for cultivation cannot receive heat insulation like a general building because of the structure of taking in sunlight, the room is too warm during the day, but the heat radiation to the outside is large at night, and a large amount There is a disadvantage that heat is consumed by heating. Therefore, the temperature control system of the present invention efficiently recovers excessive heat during the day in the cultivation house with a heat pump, stores it in a heat storage tank in the form of hot water, and uses it for nighttime heating. The heat imbalance can be eliminated.
In addition, since hot water can be supplied to the local heating means through the heat storage tank, the efficiency of heat circulation can be improved.

Moreover, in a normal cultivation house, the temperature in the greenhouse is often too high even in the mid-winter when it is fine, and the skylights and side windows are opened to cool. However, when increasing the CO ₂ concentration for the purpose of promoting the growth of crops, if the skylight is opened, CO ₂ is diluted by the introduction of outside air, making it difficult to control the concentration. Therefore, the temperature control system of the present invention can recirculate the indoor temperature of the cultivation house with a heat pump without opening the skylight. _Two concentrations can also be controlled.

As mentioned above, although preferable embodiment of the plant environment management system of this invention was described, the plant environment management system which concerns on this invention is not limited only to embodiment mentioned above, A various change implementation is in the range of this invention. It goes without saying that it is possible.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, one cultivation house is provided with one heat pump, one heat storage tank, and the like. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, one cultivation house has a plurality of heat pumps and heat storage tanks. Can be provided. Moreover, one heat pump and a heat storage tank can also be provided in several cultivation houses. Furthermore, a plurality of heat pumps and heat storage tanks can be provided in a plurality of cultivation houses. And when multiple hydroponics beds are arrange | positioned in the cultivation house, a heat pump and a thermal storage tank can also be provided for every one or two or more hydroponics beds.
Moreover, it is also possible to suppress the heat loss from the warm water stored in the heat storage tank to the outside by installing the heat storage tank inside the cultivation house.

Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, although it is set as the structure which installs a heat pump and a casing outside a cultivation house, it is not restricted to this, It can also install in the room | chamber interior of a cultivation house.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the heat pump and the casing are configured to exhaust the cold air into the room of the cultivation house, but are not limited to the cold air, and warm air can be exhausted into the room of the cultivation house. This makes it possible to adjust the temperature in the room of the cultivation house in the cold or winter night.

  In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration of the casing is the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2, but is not limited to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2. For example, the first suction port, the first discharge port, and the second A plurality of discharge ports can be provided. The first suction port and the second suction port can be provided on the same surface of the casing body. Furthermore, the heat pump can be disposed not in the center of the inside of the casing but in the vicinity of the wall surface or a position in contact with the wall surface.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration of the temperature control system is the configuration shown in FIG. 1, but is not limited to that configuration, and for example, a configuration as shown in FIG. That is, the heat pump is separated from the outdoor unit and the heat exchanger, and the outdoor unit is arranged in the middle of the suction pipe. One end of the suction pipe communicates with the upper part of the cultivation house, and the other end communicates with the middle part of the cultivation house. Further, a switching valve for communicating with the outside air is provided on the upstream side of the outdoor unit, and a switching valve for communicating with the outside air is also provided on the downstream side. In this configuration, the outdoor unit takes in warm air from the upper part of the cultivation house and collects heat, and sends this heat to the heat exchanger by the working medium. The heat exchanger warms the cold water by the heat sent by the working medium, and supplies this hot water to the hot water tank. The warm water stored in the warm water tank can be heated to the plant and its surroundings by sending it to the local heating means.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for an apparatus that controls the temperature of a cultivation house.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant environment management system 10 Cultivation house 11 Hydroponics bed 16 Airflow generation means 17 Pesticide mixing means 20 Heat pump 30 Casing 34 Suction pipe 35-1 Hot air damper 35-2 Outside air damper 35-3 Fan 35-4 Damper for discharge 36 Blower pipe 40 Thermal storage tank 50 Local heating means 80 Control means 85 Control unit 90 Carbon dioxide supply means (CO ₂ supply means)

Claims (14)

A cultivation house for cultivating plants,
A heat pump for lowering or raising the indoor temperature of the cultivation house;
Intake switching means attached to each of a plurality of paths through which the intake of the heat pump passes,
A heat storage tank for storing heat recovered by the heat pump by storing a heat medium;
Using the heating medium, local heating means for locally increasing the indoor temperature of the cultivation house,
Intake destination control means for operating the intake switching means to switch the intake destination ,
A cultivation bed is arranged in the cultivation house,
The plant environment management system , wherein the local heating means is arranged above the cultivation bed and in the vicinity of the plant. The plant environment management system according to claim 1 , wherein the local heating means raises the temperature of the plant and its surroundings by radiant heat . One of the intake destinations is the indoor upper portion of the cultivation house,
Plant environmental management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the air of the room upper with a suction pipe to be sent to the heat pump. A casing containing the heat pump;
The suction pipe is connected to the casing,
4. The plant environment management system according to claim 3 , wherein the intake pipe is provided with the intake switching means . Exhaust gas switching means attached to each of a plurality of paths through which the heat pump exhaust passes,
The plant environment management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an exhaust destination control unit that operates the exhaust switching unit to switch an exhaust destination . One of the exhaust destinations is the indoor middle stage or the indoor lower part of the cultivation house,
The plant environment management system according to claim 5, further comprising a blower pipe that sends exhaust from the heat pump to an indoor middle part or an indoor lower part of the cultivation house . A casing containing the heat pump;
The ventilation pipe is connected to the casing,
The plant environment management system according to claim 6 , wherein the exhaust pipe is provided with the exhaust switching means . Using heat medium from the heat storage tank, according to claim 1, characterized in that with a nutrient solution temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the nutrient solution supplied to the cultivation bed Plant environmental management system. The plant environment management system according to claim 6 or 7 , further comprising a pesticide mixing means for mixing a pesticide in the exhaust flowing through the blower pipe . The plant environment management system according to claim 9 , wherein the pesticide is a biological pesticide . The plant environment management system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising an airflow generating means for creating an air flow in a horizontal direction at an upper part of the room of the cultivation house . CO for supplying carbon dioxide into the cultivation house ₂ With supply means
The plant environment management system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein The heat storage layer and the heat pump were installed outside the cultivation house
The plant environment management system according to any one of claims 1 to 12. The suction pipe for sending the air in the upper part of the room of the cultivation house to the heat pump and the air supply pipe for sending the exhaust from the heat pump to the middle part or the lower part of the room of the cultivation house were separately provided.
The plant environment management system according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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