JP2011244705A - Method for cultivating plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cultivating plants by which the same plants can be simultaneously cultivated in a same hothouse so that harvesting periods thereof are different from one another by prescribed sectional units.SOLUTION: The method for cultivating plants includes: the process for disposing plants 10 belonging to the same kind in the same hothouse 80 by the prescribed sectional units; the process for disposing local heaters 1 locally applying a prescribed cultivation temperature to the plants 10, on prescribed parts in the vicinities of the plants 10 respectively; and the process for applying cultivation temperature different from one another to the plants by the prescribed sectional units of the plants with the local heaters 1, so that the growth speed of the same kind of plants in the same hothouse is made different from one another by the prescribed sectional units to adjust the harvesting periods.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating plants such as vegetables, fruits and flower buds grown and harvested in greenhouse cultivation such as a greenhouse or glass greenhouse, and in particular, the same kind of plant is predetermined in the same greenhouse. It is related with the plant cultivation method which can be grown and cultivated so that the harvest time may differ in each division unit.

In general, for cultivation of plants such as vegetables, fruits and flower buds, greenhouse cultivation is performed in which plants are grown and cultivated in greenhouses such as greenhouses and glass greenhouses.
Greenhouse cultivation is able to maintain and control the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, etc. in the greenhouse, which is shielded or shielded from the outside air environment, under conditions and environments suitable for the plants to be grown and cultivated. In addition, it is possible to stably grow, cultivate and harvest plants throughout the year by eliminating overhumidity during the rainy season and controlling the occurrence of pests and the like.
For this reason, greenhouse cultivation is widely used for growing and cultivating fresh vegetables and fruits, ornamental florets, foliage plants, medicinal plants and the like.

Especially in the winter, rainy season, high and low temperatures, cold areas, etc., a heating device, humidifier, dehumidifier, etc. are installed in a glass or vinyl greenhouse to supply the heat and humidity necessary for plant growth. By controlling, year-round cultivation of vegetables, fruits, and flowers is performed.
Through such greenhouse cultivation, for example, fresh vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers and eggplants, fruits such as strawberries, mandarin oranges and grapes, ornamental florets, etc. are grown, harvested and shipped throughout the year in response to consumer needs. As a result, a stable supply has been made to markets such as supermarkets and retail stores.

Here, the greenhouse in which greenhouse cultivation is performed is controlled by the temperature control means so that the temperature in the greenhouse is maintained at a predetermined temperature. As a temperature control means in a greenhouse used for greenhouse cultivation, a heating device that warms the inside of the greenhouse to a predetermined temperature is usually used. Specifically, for example, a heating device / heating device using a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or A heavy oil as a fuel, a hot air heater, an electric heater, a heating lamp, a heat pump, etc. are used. The air and soil in the greenhouse are heated and controlled at a predetermined temperature.
Examples of such technologies relating to greenhouse cultivation and temperature control include, for example, “Comprehensive System for Cultivation Management of Agricultural Products” disclosed in Patent Document 1, and “Soil Addition for House Cultivation” disclosed in Patent Document 2. The “temperature method” has been proposed.

JP 06-046678 A JP 2009-136203 A

As shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 above, in conventional greenhouse cultivation, a greenhouse whose temperature is controlled by a heating device is maintained and controlled at a predetermined constant temperature throughout the greenhouse. Yes. For this reason, each greenhouse is kept at the optimum temperature for a specific plant grown in the greenhouse.
Therefore, in greenhouse cultivation, the growth rate of a plant is constant in a greenhouse maintained at a temperature optimum for the growth of a certain plant (for example, tomato), and the same kind of plant is grown in the same greenhouse. It was not possible to cultivate and vary the harvesting time by a predetermined section unit, for example, for each region in the greenhouse or for each basket.

If the same plant can be grown and cultivated in the same greenhouse so that the harvesting times are in multiple different times, for example, the cultivation time of the crop can be adjusted for each basket, and the profits can be obtained by adjusting the shipment according to the market situation In addition, it is possible to secure farm holiday days in accordance with market holiday days, and to diversify labor in farm management and improve profit stability. For this reason, favorable results can be expected especially for small-scale / medium-scale farmers and side-run farmers.
In addition, if seedling producers can grow seedlings of the same crop / variety in the same greenhouse with different growth and harvest times, they can be efficiently harvested and shipped throughout the year. Furthermore, since seedlings are generally planted in spring, etc., if the same crop can be grown in the same greenhouse from winter to spring at low temperatures, the planting time is different from the planting time. The work load can be distributed without concentrating at one time, which reduces the work load and is advantageous for management.

  However, in the current greenhouse cultivation, the temperature in the greenhouse (and humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, etc.) can only be set and controlled to a fixed value corresponding to the plant in the entire greenhouse. It was impossible to perform different temperature setting and temperature control for each predetermined area in the greenhouse or for each predetermined unit such as a cocoon unit. For this reason, it was impossible to grow and cultivate the same plants in different greenhouses at different harvesting times in the same greenhouse.

As a result of earnest research, the inventor of the present application has invented a local heating device capable of locally heating and heating a plant to be grown, and a greenhouse cultivation method using local heating using the same, and by using this, The idea is that the same plant can grow and be cultivated so that the harvesting times are different in the same greenhouse.
That is, the present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the conventional greenhouse cultivation techniques as described above, and the growth rate of the same type of plant can be made different in the same greenhouse. An object of the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation method capable of growing and cultivating a plant so that the harvesting time is different for each predetermined region in a greenhouse or a predetermined unit such as a persimmon unit.

  In order to achieve the above object, the plant cultivation method of the present invention includes a step of arranging the same type of plant in the same greenhouse in a predetermined partition unit, and a local vicinity of the plant locally with respect to the plant. A step of disposing a local heating device that gives a predetermined cultivation temperature; and a step of giving a different cultivation temperature in a predetermined unit of the plant by the local heating device, and the growth rate of the same type of plant in the same greenhouse. As a method of adjusting the harvesting time by making the difference in the predetermined section unit.

  According to the plant cultivation method of the present invention, it is possible to vary the growth rate of the same type of plant in the same greenhouse, thereby growing and cultivating the same plant so that the harvest time is different for each predetermined section. be able to.

It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the greenhouse equipment for enforcing the plant cultivation method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows typically the principal part of the local heating apparatus used with the plant cultivation method concerning one embodiment of the present invention, and is a case where a net and a plant are not illustrated. It is a front view which shows typically the principal part of the local heating apparatus used with the plant cultivation method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and has shown the case where a net | network and a plant are illustrated. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the state which unitized and installed the local heating apparatus used with the plant cultivation method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the state which installed the unitized local heating apparatus shown in FIG. 3 according to the kind of plant. It is a front view which shows typically the modification of the local heating apparatus shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the example in the case of arrange | positioning and planting the same kind of plant cultivated with the plant cultivation method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention so that a harvest time may differ in a single-building greenhouse. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the example in the case of arrange | positioning and planting the same kind of plant cultivated with the plant cultivation method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention so that a harvest time may differ in a continuous greenhouse. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the example of installation and piping of the local heating apparatus according to the kind of plant cultivated with the plant cultivation method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the other form of the greenhouse equipment for enforcing the plant cultivation method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a plant cultivation method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Drawing 1 is an explanatory view showing typically the composition of the greenhouse equipment for enforcing the plant cultivation method concerning one embodiment of the present invention.
The plant cultivation method according to the present embodiment is a method for greenhouse cultivation of a predetermined plant in one greenhouse. As shown in FIG. 1, the plant is grown and cultivated by being planted in the greenhouse 80 and the greenhouse 80. This is implemented by providing a plant 10 to be grown and a local heating device 1 for locally giving a predetermined cultivation temperature to the plant 10.

And in this embodiment, the same kind of plant 10 is arranged and fixedly planted in a predetermined section unit such as every certain area in the greenhouse or per unit of cocoon in the same greenhouse 80 (see FIGS. 6 to 8), Each plant 10 is locally given a different cultivation temperature in a predetermined unit of the plant by the local heating device 1, so that the same kind of plant grows and grows at different growth rates in the same (single) greenhouse. In addition, the harvest time of the plant 10 is made different for each arbitrary section.
Hereinafter, the specific content of this embodiment is demonstrated in detail for every process of each structure of a greenhouse installation, and a cultivation method.

[greenhouse]
The greenhouse 80 according to the present embodiment grows and cultivates plants such as vegetables, fruits, and florets by maintaining and controlling a predetermined temperature in a room where the outside air environment is shielded or blocked, such as a glass greenhouse or a greenhouse. It is a kind of building (house) and is also simply called “house”.
Specifically, the greenhouse 80 is a simple building / shed that shields / blocks the surrounding space of soil / arable land of a certain size for plant cultivation from the outside air.
For example, in the case of a glass greenhouse, steel materials such as H steel are used as pillars / frames and the outer surface is covered with glass, and the length in the depth direction ( (Width) can be set arbitrarily.
A greenhouse is made of wood, steel, steel pipes, etc., and the outer wall is covered with a synthetic resin film. Specifically, it is used for agricultural frameworks that have a predetermined size and shape. The structure covers polyvinyl chloride (agricultural bi), agricultural polyolefin (PO film), a fluorine film (hard film) excellent in weather resistance, and the like.

Generally, a greenhouse may be simply referred to as a “house” and a glass greenhouse may be referred to as a “greenhouse”. However, the greenhouse 80 of the present embodiment includes any of a glass greenhouse, a greenhouse, and a house.
In addition, in the greenhouse / house, there are a case where the entire building is covered with glass and film, and a case where only the upper surface of the house is covered in order to prevent the rain from affecting the crops. It may be.

In addition, the greenhouse and house have a single building type (see Fig. 6) that forms an independent internal space, and a single building type that connects the single building type house in the horizontal direction (Fig. 6). 7), but the greenhouse 80 of this embodiment may be any case.
In this embodiment, the same type of plant is cultivated at different cultivation temperatures at the same time in the same (single) greenhouse. However, the greenhouse 80 may be a local heating device 1, whether a single greenhouse or a continuous greenhouse. The same type of plant can be cultivated at different growth rates and harvesting times by arranging and controlling the temperature to different growth temperatures for each plant compartment.

In the case of a single greenhouse, it is effective for cultivating small quantities of crops throughout the year, such as vegetables sold at direct sales offices. That is, by using the local heating device 1 according to the present embodiment, the growth rate can be changed locally by growing the cultivation temperature in an arbitrary section unit, and the harvest time can be shifted in stages. (See FIG. 6).
In the case of a continuous greenhouse, for example, it can be grown at the same cultivation temperature for each building. Specifically, for a triple greenhouse, the first greenhouse has a minimum temperature of 10 ° C, the second greenhouse has a minimum temperature of 15 ° C, and the third greenhouse has a minimum temperature of 20 ° C. Thus, it is possible to cultivate the same plant at different growth rates and harvesting times by assigning and changing the temperature by the local heating device 1 for each building (see FIG. 7).

Here, regardless of whether the greenhouse is a single greenhouse or a continuous greenhouse, plants that are simultaneously cultivated in the same greenhouse should have a fixed interval between the adjacent compartments with different growth temperatures. Is desirable.
As will be described later, the local heating by the local heating device 1 can grow and cultivate the target plant directly and locally by radiant heat from the hose 2 through the hot water, and the same greenhouse space. Inside, different heating and temperature control is possible for each section of the plant. However, after increasing the radiation temperature in the vicinity of the plant, the radiant heat from the hose 2 eventually moves to the air and diffuses to warm the entire greenhouse.
Therefore, when different growth temperatures are given at least between adjacent sections, it is desirable to separate the sections from each other by a certain distance (for example, 1 m) or install a partition member such as a simple partition curtain.

In general, even when heating the entire greenhouse uniformly in a normal greenhouse, in practice, a temperature difference of several degrees C. occurs between distant places due to uneven warm air and the size of heat radiation from the walls. Therefore, in the present embodiment, for plants that are heated to different growth temperatures in arbitrary units, for example, about 5 ° C. in the same greenhouse by strongly applying local heating only to one of the separate units. A considerable temperature difference can be applied.
Therefore, when using the local heating according to the present embodiment, it is desirable to ensure a large distance between the compartments according to the cultivation temperature / growth temperature to be given, especially in a section where the temperature difference is large is installed at a distant place in the greenhouse. -It is preferable to form.
Furthermore, if the compartments are partitioned by simple sheets or curtains, the temperature difference due to local heating can be maintained even if the compartments are adjacent to each other, and the same plant can be effectively grown differently in the same greenhouse. Can be grown at speed and harvest time.

Here, the section is a predetermined unit for growing and cultivating plants as one group. For example, each area when a region (cultivated land) in a greenhouse is divided into a plurality of regions is one block.
In general, plants are planted and cultivated by planting and cultivating the cultivated land in the greenhouse, and several cocoons are installed in tandem in parallel in the greenhouse. It is. That is, when a plurality of wrinkles are formed vertically and horizontally, each wrinkle is also a section.
Furthermore, like hydroponics beds, resin-made cultivation beds may be installed and buried in the fences in the greenhouse, or directly lined up on the cultivated land in the greenhouse. It becomes. In this case, each of the plurality of cultivation beds constitutes one section.
And when carrying out simultaneous cultivation of the same plant at the growth temperature which is different for a predetermined division unit using local heating device 1 of this embodiment, the division which consists of the field in a greenhouse, a basket, and a bed for cultivation, In addition, it is preferable to partition with a sheet, a curtain or the like in a predetermined partition unit in which a plurality of partitions are grouped.

Specifically, for example, the distance between adjacent ridges is about 1 m, and the temperature around one ridge is maintained at 15 ° C, the other ridge around 20 ° C, and the other greenhouse space is maintained at 10 ° C. In some cases, by placing simple partition curtains, sheets, partitions, etc. between each fence, effective local heating cultivation is possible by preventing convection caused by the difference in the specific gravity of air due to the temperature difference between adjacent spaces. It becomes.
As partition members such as curtains and partition members that partition the compartments, a vinyl sheet may be suspended from the ceiling of the greenhouse, for example, as a partition member 80a shown in FIG. 7, and a partition or the like is provided between the compartments. That's fine.

Here, in this embodiment, putting a partition for each section using a curtain or the like, unlike a conventional cultivation method using a plurality of greenhouses, does not require strict airtightness, and only provides a simple partitioning means. There is an advantage that multiple cultivation is possible effectively. That is, the local heating cultivation using the local heating device 1 according to the present embodiment is for directly and locally heating the growth points of plants and the like, and unlike the conventional hot air heating, a strong air flow Not accompanied. For this reason, heat diffusion is gentle, and it is possible to set a temperature difference for each section without applying strict airtightness.
Therefore, there is a sufficient effect by partitioning the simple curtain as described above, and by separating the distance between the partitions and making the plant itself into a partition wall, it is possible to separate each partition without providing a partition member such as a curtain. A temperature difference can be set for each cocoon, and the same plant can be grown and cultivated at different growth rates and harvesting times in the same greenhouse, which was impossible to achieve with the prior art.

Also in the present embodiment, the greenhouse 80 can be provided with a heating device for maintaining and controlling the inside of the greenhouse at a predetermined temperature.
In general, greenhouses are shielded and shielded from the outside air, and the temperature inside the greenhouses rises due to the heat from sunlight. It may not be possible to maintain a suitable temperature.
Moreover, also when performing the local heating which concerns on this embodiment, it is preferable in order to fully raise the effect of local heating that the temperature of the whole greenhouse inside is maintained at a fixed value.
For this reason, the greenhouse is equipped with heating means and a heating device for heating and heating the entire greenhouse, and the greenhouse 80 of this embodiment can also be equipped with this type of heating device.

This type of heating device is used, for example, as a heating device / heating device using a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or A heavy oil as a fuel, a hot air heater, an electric heater, a heating lamp, a heat pump, etc. Is done.
Specifically, for example, when using a heavy oil heater A, a duct made of vinyl or the like is disposed throughout the greenhouse, and warm air is sent to the entire greenhouse through the duct, thereby heating the entire greenhouse to the same temperature. Can be managed.
However, in this embodiment, it becomes possible to directly heat / heat the optimal growth / cultivation temperature according to the growth rate / harvest time for the plant to be cultivated using the local heating device 1 described later. The temperature of the entire greenhouse 80 only needs to be maintained at a predetermined value, and it is not necessary to perform strict temperature control corresponding to the plant to be cultivated as in an existing greenhouse / house.
Therefore, when the outside air is warm, heating and heating of the entire greenhouse 80 by the heating device can be omitted as appropriate.

Further, the greenhouse 80 can be provided with ventilation windows, ventilation holes, ventilation fans, louvers, etc., and air circulation means on the ceiling and side surfaces.
As described above, the temperature in the greenhouse may be heated and increased by sunlight, and the temperature in the greenhouse may be excessively increased. For this reason, ventilation ceilings and ventilation holes, ventilation fans (fans), louvers, and the like may be provided on the ceiling and side of the greenhouse, and the greenhouse 80 according to this embodiment also has such ventilation means and air circulation means. Can be provided.
Specifically, for example, skylights and louvers that are driven to open and close may be provided on the ceiling of the greenhouse 80, or large fans and ducts that communicate with the outside may be provided on the side surfaces of the greenhouse 80.
It is also possible to provide a light-shielding curtain that shields and shields the inside of the greenhouse from sunlight.

Further, the greenhouse 80 can be provided with humidification adjusting means such as a humidifier and a humidifier for maintaining and controlling the humidity in the greenhouse at a predetermined value. A predetermined number of humidification adjusting means can be installed at predetermined locations between compartments in the greenhouse 80, for example, as in the humidifier 81 shown in FIGS.
Further, the greenhouse 80 can be provided with a carbon dioxide concentration adjusting means such as a carbon dioxide generator and a CO ₂ cylinder for maintaining and controlling the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse at a predetermined value. For example, like the carbon dioxide generator 82 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a predetermined number of units can be installed at predetermined locations between sections in the greenhouse 80.

By providing the humidification adjusting means, the humidity in the entire greenhouse 80 and the humidity in the compartment unit according to the type of the plant 10 can be maintained and controlled to a predetermined value, and the plant growing and cultivating in the greenhouse 80 It is possible to create an optimum humidity environment for the plant, and it is possible to more effectively perform plant cultivation according to the present embodiment. In addition, when performing humidity adjustment in the division unit of a plant, it is made to partition and partition into a plant unit with partition members, such as the above curtains.
In addition, by providing the carbon dioxide concentration adjusting means, it is possible to set and maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 80 at a predetermined value, promote the photosynthesis of the cultivated plants, and increase the yield.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the humidity and the carbon dioxide concentration in the entire greenhouse 80 can be maintained and controlled at predetermined values by including the humidification adjusting means and the carbon dioxide concentration adjusting means. It is possible to create an optimum humidity environment and carbon dioxide concentration environment for plants to grow and cultivate.
Moreover, in this embodiment, since a partition member can be installed between the divisions of the plant mentioned above, and it can partition and partition in the section unit of a plant (refer to Drawing 7), for every division partitioned by the partition member, Humidity adjustment and carbon dioxide concentration adjustment can be performed individually.
If strict control is not required for the humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 80 according to the type of plant, the entire greenhouse 80 is controlled and adjusted to maintain a constant humidity and carbon dioxide concentration. Just do it.

[Target plant]
Plants grown and cultivated at the same time so as to have different growth rates and harvest times in the same greenhouse by the plant cultivation method according to the present embodiment include the following, and any of the following listed for each greenhouse: Plants can be cultivated (see FIG. 8).
By targeting the following plants, using the plant cultivation method according to the present embodiment, it is possible to simultaneously cultivate multiple types and multiple items of plants in multiple greenhouses with different harvest times, such as direct sales. It is possible to produce small quantities and various varieties for the plant, to supply multiple varieties for the year, etc., to switch from single crops to multiple crops production, and to combine single crops and multiple crops. This makes it possible to distribute labor and improve profit stability. For this reason, a favorable effect can be expected especially for small-scale / medium-scale farmers and side-run farmers.

That is, by shifting the harvesting time little by little by the cultivation method of this embodiment, it is possible to level out the labor (harvesting work). It can be shipped and sold every day for a long time.
In general, even in the production area of specific vegetables and fruits, the harvest is supposed to be harvested at a time, but this can be leveled throughout the year, so that it can be harvested and shipped all at once. Oversupply and price drop due to this can be avoided, and for example, the price of tomatoes can be stabilized.
Furthermore, by adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse with reference to long-term weather forecasts, shipping adjustments can be made easily. At that time, it is now possible to manage the temperature (shipment management) of small harvesting units, such as small area units and straw units, in the harvesting period, which could only be managed in units of the entire greenhouse. Risk hedging by adjustment will also be possible.

In addition, if seedling producers and farmers can grow seedlings of the same crops and varieties in the same greenhouse at different growth and harvest times, they can be efficiently harvested and shipped throughout the year. Efficient cultivation and cultivation can be realized. Furthermore, since seedlings are generally planted in spring, etc., if the same crop can be grown in the same greenhouse from winter to spring at low temperatures, the planting time is different from the planting time. The work load can be distributed without concentrating at one time, which reduces the work load and is advantageous for management.
In addition, the plant enumerated below is an illustration, and even if it is a plant other than that, it can grow and cultivate by applying the cultivation method which concerns on this embodiment. That is, the target plant of the present embodiment is any plant that can be cultivated on the ground, such as vegetables, fruits, flower buds, foliage plants, medicinal plants, and the cultivation method of the present embodiment is used. The types and combinations of plants that are cultivated simultaneously in a plurality of greenhouses can also be any combination.

[Vegetables]
First, the plant grown and cultivated in this embodiment can target vegetables.
Specifically, examples of the vegetables to be grown and cultivated in the present embodiment include eggplants, cucurbitaceae, legumes, rosaceae (strawberry), liliaceae (asparagus), celeryaceae, red crustaceae (spinach). , Vegetables such as cruciferous and asteraceae (lettuce).

[fruit]
Moreover, the plant grown and cultivated in the present embodiment can target fruits.
Specifically, as fruits to be grown and cultivated in the present embodiment, for example, urushiaceae (mango), rose family (cherry, peach, pear), citrus family, vine family, mulberry family (ficus), azalea family. (Blueberries), Matabiaceae (Cuwifruit), Oysteraceae (Oyster) and other fruits.

[Flower bud]
In addition, the plants grown and cultivated in the present embodiment can target flower buds.
Specifically, as the flower buds to be grown and cultivated in the present embodiment, for example, asteraceae, rose family, primrose family (cyclamen), orchid family, lily family, azalea department, geranium family, gypsum department, Legume (Suitopi), Nadesico (carnation), Siwa tobacco (Saintpaulia), Violet, Brassica, Poppy, Iridaceae, Amaryllidaceae (Daffodil), Ranunculaceae (Anemone), Dendrobaceae, Hydrangeaceae (Hydrangea) Etc.

[Foliage plant]
Moreover, the plant grown and cultivated in this embodiment can target a foliage plant.
Specifically, as a houseplant to be grown and cultivated in the present embodiment, for example, mulberry family (rubber tree benjamin), lily family (Dracena), taro family (spathiphyllum), urabosi family (fern), nettle family, There are ornamental plants such as Euphorbiaceae (Saintpaulia), cactiaceae, araliaceae, palm, agave, pineapple, beetonia (Begonia), vanya (Bakira).

[Medicinal plant]
Moreover, the plant grown and cultivated in this embodiment can target a medicinal plant.
Specifically, the medicinal plants to be grown and cultivated in the present embodiment include, for example, oleaceae, legumes, rhododendrons, rhododendrons, camphoraceae, buttons, buckthorn, sericaceae (carpaceae), citrus There are medicinal plants such as (Chamanthus) scorpionaceae (Acadiasio), tadaceae (Daeou), euphorbiaceae, and myrtaceae.

[Local heating system]
Next, the local heating device of the present embodiment is used to grow and cultivate a specific same type of plant among the various plants as described above in the same greenhouse 80 at different growth rates and harvesting times. 1 will be described.
2a and 2b are front views schematically showing a main part of the local heating device 1 according to the present embodiment installed in units of plants to be cultivated by being attached to and supported by a frame 72 of the plant cultivation unit 7 described later. FIG. 2 a shows the net 41 and the plant 10 not shown, and FIG. 2 b shows the net 41 and the plant 10.
As shown in the figure, the local heating device 1 of this embodiment has a configuration including a plurality of hoses 2, fluid supply means 3, attachment means 4, and control means 5.
And this local heating apparatus 1 can warm the plant 10 used as growth and cultivation object directly and locally by desired temperature by supplying and circulating warm water from the fluid supply means 3 to the hose 2. It has become.
Hereinafter, the local heating apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail by taking tomato as an example of the plant 10 to be cultivated.

For example, when hydroponic cultivation is performed in a greenhouse, the tomato grows to a certain height, for example, a height of 1 m or more, from a plant cultivation bed 71 (see FIG. 3) such as a hydroponics bed described later. For this reason, the tomato tip end side is tailored and attracted in the vertical direction by a resin string or support strut stretched substantially parallel to the bed, and grows in the vertical direction (height direction).
In the example shown in FIG. 2b, the tomatoes are grown to the height position of the fourth hose 2 from the bottom of the plurality of hoses 2 of the local heating device 1, and from here, the tomatoes are further constant (this It grows to a size of several times. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of hoses 2 are first, second, third, fourth,...

In the example shown in FIG. 2b, for convenience of explanation, a single tomato is illustrated for ease of understanding, but usually a plurality of tomatoes are planted at intervals of several tens of centimeters. Cultivated.
Moreover, although the cultivation system of the tomato shown in FIG.3, FIG4 and FIG.9 is an example of a hydroponic cultivation system, it is not specifically limited to hydroponic cultivation and there is no problem at all in soil cultivation.
In the example shown in FIG. 2b, the tomatoes are grown in the vertical direction, and in order to tailor and attract the tomatoes, for example, a plurality of strings are arranged at a predetermined interval in the height direction (vertical direction). There is no particular limitation on the number of strings depending on the growth of tomatoes. Moreover, as a means for tailoring / attraction, other than a string stretched horizontally may be used. For example, a string can be suspended vertically from above, or a support can be erected vertically from the ground, so that the growth direction of the tomato can be tailored and attracted.
Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 2b, the tomato is grown almost directly above (vertical direction), but it can also be grown in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) or diagonally.

[hose]
The hose 2 is disposed and piped at a predetermined location in the vicinity of the tomato to be cultivated (plant 10), and is a means for locally giving a predetermined cultivation temperature to the tomato.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, a plurality of hoses 2 are arranged along the horizontal direction (lateral direction) via the net 41, corresponding to the tomato growth direction. Thus, several stages of hoses 2 are arranged in a wall shape over a predetermined range in the vertical direction (height direction).
Then, hot water as a heating fluid is supplied from the fluid supply means 3 into the hose 2 so that hot water having a predetermined temperature flows through the hose 2.

Here, the predetermined vicinity in the vicinity of the tomato is, for example, the vicinity of a portion exposed to the atmosphere of the tomato (other than the root portion in the ground or the nutrient solution). Specifically, as viewed from above, the hose 2 is disposed and piped in a region where the distance from the hose 2 to the tomato is within a predetermined range (for example, within about 1 m), and preferably within several tens of centimeters. .
In addition, the predetermined region in the vicinity includes, for example, a position where the hose 2 comes into contact with the tomato leaf, or a case where the hose 2 is located between the leaf and the leaf.
If the tomato leaves and fruits touch the hose 2 directly, the tomato leaves and fruits may be damaged like low-temperature burns. It is more preferable to protect it from being present.
Moreover, the arrangement | positioning area | region of the hose 2 is not restricted to the two-dimensional range of a horizontal / vertical direction, It can arrange | position in three dimensions.

Further, the horizontal direction / vertical direction indicating the arrangement area of the hose 2 is not limited to a strict horizontal / vertical direction, and may be a substantially horizontal direction or a substantially vertical direction, and is along the growth direction of the plant. Thus, the hose 2 can be disposed at an arbitrary angle.
Furthermore, each hose 2 is substantially linear in the illustrated example, but is not limited to this. For example, although not illustrated, the hose 2 is meandered in the vertical direction or disposed in a wave shape. Alternatively, it may be provided in the vicinity of the periphery of the plant 10 in a spiral shape.

Here, the predetermined vicinity of the above-mentioned tomato where the hose 2 is disposed is within a predetermined area (for example, an area within several tens of centimeters) in the vicinity of a specific portion of the tomato, for example, a flower bud or a growth point of the tomato. It is desirable.
In general, plants have specific parts that affect the growth of the plant and the quantity and quality of the harvest. For example, in the case of vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, pumpkins, flower buds (floral), growth There is a point (shoot tip growth point), and by giving an optimum cultivation temperature to this part, vegetables can be cultivated with good quality and the yield can also be increased.
Therefore, in this embodiment, it is desirable to arrange the hose 2 in the vicinity of the growth point of such a specific part of the plant, and in this way, the quantity and quality of the harvest (fruit) are maintained and improved. Will be able to.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, six hoses 2 extending in a substantially horizontal direction are arranged so as to pass through a predetermined location in the vicinity of the tomato, and six stages of hoses are arranged in the vertical direction. It is supposed to be installed.
Specifically, the hose 2 includes six hoses as tubular members through which hot water can circulate and circulate, and the hoses 2 are connected to each other via a joint 21 and a connecting hose 20.
In the present embodiment, the plurality of hoses 2 are connected via the connecting hose 20 having the joints 21 attached to both ends. However, since the joints 21 are attached to both ends of the hose 2, Instead of using the hose 20, the hoses 2 may be directly connected via the joint 21.

Here, as the hose 2 and the connecting hose 20, a commercially available hose that is light and excellent in flexibility such as a vinyl hose can be used. The joint 21 can be a one-touch joint (quick joint) that can be easily attached and detached.
Here, in order to prevent generation | occurrence | production of the algae etc. in a hose, it is preferable to use the black vinyl hose etc. of a light-shielding type for the hose 2 and the connection hose 20. FIG. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a black hose having a light shielding property is used as the hose 2 and the connecting hose 20.

In addition to connecting the plurality of hoses 2, for example, the hose 2 may be installed and piped so as to meander a single hose 2.
That is, in the present embodiment, six hoses 2 and five connecting hoses 20 are used, but instead of this, one hose is bent and meandered at a plurality of locations (5 locations, etc.) to change the direction. By changing, it is also possible to provide the six-stage hose 2 within a predetermined range in the vertical direction as described above.

As described above, by disposing the hose 2 at a predetermined location in the vicinity of the plant 10, the radiant heat from the hose 2 in which warm water flows and the heat convection in the vicinity of the plant 10 cause local Effective and efficient temperature control can be performed by controlling the amount and temperature of hot water supplied and circulated in the hose 2 and on / off, etc. it can.
In this way, the plant 10 can be locally and directly heated by radiant heat from the hose 2, and by monitoring and controlling the radiant heat from the hole 2, optimum cultivation in accordance with the growth rate and harvest time The temperature can be given directly in plant units.
Therefore, even when the same kind of plant 10 is arranged and planted in the same greenhouse by installing the local heating device 1 having such a hose 2 for each section of the plant 10 to be cultivated, the plant 10 It is possible to give different cultivation temperatures for each region unit or persimmon in the greenhouse, and it is possible to grow and grow the same kind of plant in the same greenhouse so that the growth rate and harvest time are different for each section. It becomes like this.

In addition, the hose 2 connection structure as described above makes it possible to freely select the hose 2 through which hot water flows according to the growth / growth of the plant 10 as described later.
That is, the length, the inner diameter, the interval, the number, etc. of the hose 2 are not particularly limited, and the length, the inner diameter, the interval, the number, etc., of the hose 2 depending on the cultivation scale, growth state, etc. of the plant 10 such as tomato. Can be set / changed arbitrarily, which makes it possible to easily change the temperature control capability, the temperature control range, and the like.

In addition, by using a light and flexible hose for the hose 2 and the joint 21, for example, when harvesting tomato fruits, even if a finger hits the hose 2, there is no concern about injury and the safety of the work is improved. In addition, the hose 2 can be installed and removed, and the installation site can be moved easily and safely.
Furthermore, by using a member such as a commercially available hose, it is possible to easily obtain a member necessary for the facility and to reduce the cost for installing the facility.
However, the hose 2 and the joint 21 are not limited to commercially available hoses. For example, when applying the local heating device 1 according to the present embodiment to large-scale factory cultivation or the like, the hose 2 or the joint 21 can be configured with vinyl chloride, a metal pipe, or the like. The hose 2 made of a metal pipe or the like can be moved up and down using a predetermined lifting means or the like when harvesting fruits.

[Mounting means]
The attachment means 4 is means for attaching the hose 2 of the local heating device 1 as described above to a frame 72 (see FIG. 3) of the plant cultivation unit 7 described later.
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the attachment means 4 of the present embodiment includes a net 41 for hanging the hose 2 and a net pipe 411 for hanging the net 41. The mounting means 4 is supported and fixed to the frame 72 in a state where the hose 2 is suspended by mounting and locking the pipe 411 on the locking pipe 732 of the frame 72 constituting the plant cultivation unit 7 described later. It has become.

The net 41 has a mesh-like body formed in a planar shape, and a plurality of hoses 2 can be attached by passing the hose 2 through the mesh.
Here, the net 41 of the mesh-like body used in the present embodiment can be a net made of a resin string knitted at intervals of several centimeters, such as a net for ball games (for soccer goals).
The net pipe 411 is a rod-like member that is passed through the mesh at one end side edge of the net 41 and can suspend the net 41. For example, a metal pipe or the like is used.

By using the attachment means 4 as described above, the hose 2 in which a plurality of hoses extending in the horizontal direction (lateral direction) are arranged in the vertical direction (height direction) can be easily attached to the frame 72. (See FIG. 3).
Further, the hose 2 can be arranged at an arbitrary position with respect to the plant 10 by changing the position through which the net 41 passes, and the position of the hose 2 according to the growth of the plant 10.・ Height and angle can be easily changed.
Moreover, since the attachment means 4 becomes a structure which mounts and latches the pipe 411 for nets to the frame 72 of the unit 7 for plant cultivation, the transfer of the hose 2 etc. can be performed easily.

The attachment means 4 described above is arranged in a wall shape in a state where the net 41 attached to the net pipe 411 is mounted and supported on the frame 72 and suspended in the vertical direction (height direction). The hose 2 arranged through the mesh of the net 41 is also arranged in a state where a plurality of stages are arranged along the wall in the vertical direction (height direction).
However, the attachment means 4 is not limited to the case where the net 41 is arranged in the vertical direction, but, for example, as shown in FIG. You can also.

In this case, the net pipe 411 is attached to both end edges of the net 41 so that the net 41 is arranged between the pair of net pipes 411 and is arranged between the pipes of the frame 72. By installing and erection, the net 41 can be arranged in the horizontal direction or inclined at an angle.
Then, by passing the hose 2 through the mesh of the net 41 that is inclined in the horizontal direction or obliquely in this way, the hose 2 is disposed in a flat shape or in an obliquely inclined state. The arrangement pattern of the hose 2 can take various forms according to the seedling aspect and the growth form of the plant 10 heated by the hose 2 (see FIGS. 4 and 6 to 8).

Although not particularly illustrated in the present embodiment, the net 41 can be used with a hook member such as an S-shaped hook, for example, and the position, height, and the like of the hose 2 can be changed. Can do.
Also, although not shown in the figure, instead of the net 41, a string-like body is suspended from the net pipe 411 or is hung and attached to a pair of net pipes 411 to be used for holding and attaching the hose 2. You can also. For example, by using a string-like body such as a resin string, one end of the string-like body is tied to the net pipe 411 and the other end is tied to the hose 2 so that the hose 2 is suspended at an arbitrary position and height. Can be attached. In this case, since the net 41 spreading in a planar shape can be omitted, the effect of cost reduction and space saving can be expected.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an adhesive tape 42 for collecting pests is provided in the vicinity of the hose 2 disposed through the net 41. By providing such an adhesive tape 42, it is possible to efficiently and effectively collect and kill pests that adversely affect the plant 10.
In this embodiment, since the hose 2 that locally heats and heats the growing point of the plant 10 is provided, the hose 2 is locally increased in temperature compared with other locations in the greenhouse. Pests in the greenhouse are more likely to gather. For this reason, by providing the adhesive tape 42 in the vicinity of the hose 2, the insect pests gathered by the temperature of the hose 2 can be collected and killed with the adhesive tape 42 all at once.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, an adhesive tape 42 is disposed between the fifth and sixth hose 2. For example, the adhesive tape 42 can be attached to a net pipe 411 and disposed at a desired position. If it does in this way, arrangement | positioning and attachment of the adhesive tape 42 will become easy, and replacement | exchange and removal can also be performed now easily.

[Fluid supply means]
The fluid supply means 3 is a means for supplying / circulating hot water as a heating fluid to the hose 2 disposed in the greenhouse 80 described above.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the fluid supply unit 3 according to the present embodiment includes a natural refrigerant heat pump water heater (EcoCute: registered trademark) or the like installed outside the greenhouse 80, and includes a heat pump 3 a. The hot water collected and stored is stored in the hot water tank 3b.
And by control of the control means 5 mentioned later, the warm water of the warm water tank 3b is supplied to the hose 2 in the greenhouse 80 through the warm water pump 3c, a piping pipe, etc., and the plant 10 is locally heated.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the hot water tank 3b of the fluid supply means 3 of the present embodiment circulates and returns through the discharge port 3b-1 for discharging hot water in the tank to the outside and the hose 2. A suction port 3b-2 for sucking water is provided, and the discharge port 3b-1 and the suction port 3b-2 are connected to the end of the hose 2, respectively.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a supply hose 31 having a valve 22 is connected to the discharge port 3 b-1 of the fluid supply means 3, and the tip of the supply hose 31 is connected to the discharge hose 31. The joint 21 is attached. The supply hose 31 is connected to the fourth-stage hose 2.
A discharge hose 32 having a valve 22 is connected to the suction port 3 b-2 of the fluid supply means 3, and a joint 21 is attached to the tip of the discharge hose 32. The discharge hose 32 is connected to the first-stage hose 2.
In this way, the fluid supply means 3 and the hose 2 can be freely attached / detached / coupled via the joint 21, and the hose 2 connected to the fluid supply means 3 according to the growth of the plant 10 By changing the connection position, the above-described flower buds and growth points of the plant can be locally heated, so that effective heating and cultivation can be performed.

Here, the heating fluid stored and stored in the hot water tank 3b via the heat pump 3a of the fluid supply means 3 is water having a predetermined temperature or higher, for example, hot water of 30 ° C to 95 ° C. This hot water is supplied and circulated to the hose 2 in the greenhouse 80 for a predetermined amount and a predetermined time at a predetermined timing, whereby the plant 10 in the vicinity of the hose 2 is directly and locally heated. Yes.
In addition, as a heating fluid supplied to the hose 2, not only hot water but also steam using geothermal heat, for example, can be used.
In summer, a cooling fluid can be passed through the hose 2. For example, cold water of 5 ° C. to 20 ° C. can be used as the cooling fluid, and ground water, water cooled by a heat pump, or the like can be used as the cold water. By using the cooling fluid in combination, it is possible to contribute to a stable supply of fresh vegetables and the like in the summer and high temperature periods.

In the present embodiment, the discharge port 3b-1 of the hot water tank 3b of the fluid supply means 3 is connected to the upper hose 2 via the valve 22 and the supply hose 31, so that the hot water flows from the upper stage to the lower stage. (Refer to FIGS. 1 to 3), on the contrary, the hot water may flow from the lower hose 2 to the upper hose 2.
Moreover, the fluid supply means 3 is not limited to the natural refrigerant heat pump water heater described above, and any fluid supply means 3 may be used as long as it can generate and store hot water having a predetermined temperature or higher. For example, a water heater using A heavy oil or LPG as fuel may be used. Moreover, when hot springs, ground water, spring water, etc. can be utilized, these may be directly supplied to the hose 2.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, although it is set as the structure which installs the supply hose 31 and the discharge hose 32 in the left side of the hose 2 in the example shown in FIGS. 2-3, it is not limited to this, For example, The supply hose 31 and the discharge hose 32 can be installed on the right side of the hose 2 (see FIG. 1). The supply hose 31 is installed on the left side of the hose 2 and the discharge hose 32 is connected to the hose. It is good also as a structure installed in the right side of 2.

Here, the fluid supply means 3 as described above has a required temperature and an arbitrary division unit such as a predetermined region unit, a cocoon unit, and a cultivation bed unit for the plant 10 grown and cultivated in the greenhouse 80. Prepare and install in advance a heat pump water heater, etc., capable of supplying a quantity of hot water.
The fluid supply means 3 is, for example, from a large heat pump water heater for business use to a small heat pump water heater for home use, the optimum scale and capacity according to the scale of the greenhouse 80, the type of plant 10, the temperature given to the plant 10, etc. Can be used.
The minimum growth temperature required for each plant can be obtained by calorie calculation. Specifically, heat transfer calculations can be performed based on the greenhouse structure, the weather conditions at the installation location, etc., and the amount of input heat required to maintain the inside of the greenhouse at an appropriate temperature can be determined.
Then, a heat pump water heater or the like having a performance commensurate with the amount of heat is selected and installed. In addition, since the performance of the heat pump water heater for household use marketed is usually the same, in that case, the total heat supply capacity is adjusted by the number of installed units.

Further, in the present embodiment, the temperature is controlled by supplying hot water from the fluid supply means 3 so that the temperature differs for each section of the plant. For example, a plurality of household heat pump water heaters are installed, A heat pump water heater + pipe (hose 2) is provided for each section having different temperatures, and the hot water can be turned on / off so that the set temperature is maintained.
In the case of large-scale farms, farms, etc., use a large heat pump water heater to pour hot water into multiple fences, and control the water (cold water) with a solenoid valve, etc., at places where the temperature is changed (lowered). It is possible to maintain the target temperature by mixing hot water and cold water.
In the case of heat pump water heaters for general households, since the capacity is limited, a plurality of household heat pump water heaters are usually provided in one greenhouse to ensure the necessary amount of heat supply. Therefore, when hot water is supplied from a single heat pump water heater in multiple units in the greenhouse and adjusted to different temperatures, a larger commercial heat pump water heater (several times to ten times as large as a household heat pump water heater). It is desirable to employ twice the capacity).

[Control means]
The control means 5 monitors the heating state by the hose 2 of the local heating device 1, controls the hot water supply from the fluid supply means 3, and always heats and controls the plant 10 at a predetermined cultivation temperature for each section. For example, a computer.
Specifically, the control means 5 of the present embodiment includes a temperature sensor 51 disposed in the vicinity of the hose 2 of the local heating device 1, and is given to the plant 10 by the hose 2 by the temperature sensor 51. The temperature is monitored.
As shown in FIG. 2, the temperature sensor 51 is attached to the net 41, measures the temperature near the plant 10, and outputs a measurement signal to the control means 5.
The control means 5 is connected to the temperature sensor 51 and the fluid supply means 3, and controls the fluid supply by the fluid supply means 3 based on the measurement signal from the temperature sensor 51 as will be described later.

Here, the temperature sensor 51 provided in the control means 5 may have any configuration as long as it is a thermometer / sensor capable of measuring the radiant heat given to the plant 10. For example, a black plate thermometer is used. Can do.
A black plate thermometer has a temperature measuring means / temperature measuring unit (for example, a temperature measuring device) on the back surface of a black metal plate (for example, a copper plate) of a predetermined size (for example, 200 × 200 mm square × thickness 0.3 mm). Resistor) is bonded, and a heat insulating material (for example, a polystyrene foam plate) is disposed on the opposite side of the copper plate. The metal plate may be any material as long as it has good heat conductivity, but it is generally preferable to use copper having high thermal conductivity. Moreover, although the vertical and horizontal sizes of the metal plate can be appropriately set, a metal plate having a large thickness is not preferable in order to increase the responsiveness to changes in radiant heat from the hose 2. In addition, the surface of the metal plate is painted and colored in matte black so as not to reflect heat.
The black plate thermometer as described above is installed at the position almost opposite to the hose 2 at the same position as the part where the plant is locally heated, and the temperature rise near the plant due to the radiant heat from the hot water flowing through the hose 2 is accurately measured. Therefore, it is possible to accurately control the supply of hot water by the control means 5.

By providing such a control means 5, the temperature in the vicinity of the hose 2 of the plant 10 is constantly monitored, and the hot water supply of the fluid supply means 3 is controlled in accordance with the change (decrease) in temperature, so The cultivation temperature given to the plant 10 can be automatically controlled.
The control of the fluid supply means 3 by the control means 5 is configured to perform ON (supply) -OFF (stop) control with the temperature of the hot water as a predetermined temperature, as will be described later, but the control method is limited to this. For example, the temperature or flow rate of hot water may be controlled.

[Plant cultivation unit]
The local heating device 1 configured as described above is unitized so as to be installed in units of plant compartments according to the temperature given in accordance with the growth rate and harvest time of the plant.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which the local heating device 1 according to the present embodiment is installed as a unit.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which a plurality of unitized local heating devices 1 shown in FIG. 3 are installed in units of sections according to the temperature applied to the plant.
As shown in these drawings, in the present embodiment, the above-described local heating device 1 is installed as a plant cultivation unit 7 installed in a plant division unit.

As shown in FIG. 3, the plant cultivation unit 7 according to the present embodiment includes parts of a plant cultivation bed 71, a frame 72, a support 73, and a positioning means 74, and the attachment means described above by the plant cultivation unit 7. The hose 2 of the local heating device 1 attached to 4 is arranged and supported at a predetermined location in a predetermined division unit (region unit, cocoon unit, festival bed unit, etc.) with respect to the plant 10 to be cultivated. It has become so.
Here, in the example shown in FIG. 3, a tomato that has just emerged is illustrated as an example of the plant 10 to be cultivated so that the configuration of the plant cultivation unit 7 can be easily understood.
In FIG. 3, one plant cultivation unit 7 is illustrated. However, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of plant cultivation units 7 are installed in units of plant compartments according to the temperature applied to the plant. It has come to be.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the plant cultivation unit 7 corresponds to each plant cultivation bed 71 when, for example, a plurality of plant cultivation beds 71 are installed in parallel for each plant section. And the unit 7 for plant cultivation which each supports the local heating apparatus 1 is installed.
In this case, the local heating device 1 can be provided for each plant cultivation bed 71 including the fluid supply means 3 described above.
However, the cultivation temperature given by the local heating device 1 (fluid supply means 3) is common for plants having the same growth rate and harvest time. Therefore, the plants having the same growth rate and harvest time can be controlled by the common (single) local heating device 1 even if the plant cultivation beds 71 are different.

The local heating device 1 is shared by arranging the above-described fluid (warm water) supply hose 2 for each plant cultivation bed 71 and connecting these hoses 2 to each other to provide a single local heating device 1 (fluid supply). By means 3), it is possible to perform heating and temperature control on the plants of the plurality of plant cultivation heads 71. Thus, the fluid supply means 3 of the local heating device 1 can be shared for plants (sections) to which the same cultivation temperature / growth temperature is applied, thereby enabling efficient temperature control and cultivation management. In addition, the efficiency, size reduction, and cost reduction of the local heating device 1 can be achieved.
In addition, when sharing the fluid supply means 3, the connection of the hose 2 between the beds 71 for plant cultivation adjacent can be easily connected via the connection hose 20 mentioned above.

[Plant cultivation bed]
The plant cultivation bed 71 is provided as a unit for growing and managing plants and as a unit of section. For example, the plant cultivation bed 71 includes a straw formed by raising soil in a field, a hydroponics bed, and the like. In the case of a hydroponics bed widely used for tomato cultivation, the bed consists of an elongated rectangular box, in which a hydroponic nutrient solution is placed, and the upper part is covered with a resin sheet.
In the case of vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers and eggplants, for example, seeds and seedlings are planted in the plant cultivation bed 71 in a plurality of rows (for example, two rows) in the longitudinal direction of the plant cultivation bed 71. And, above the plant cultivation bed 71, the heating hose 2 of the local heating device 1 according to the present embodiment is placed between the seedlings planted side by side (in the case of the above two rows, approximately the center between the seedlings). ).
By doing in this way, efficient heating and temperature control can be performed with respect to the plants planted in a plurality of rows (two rows).

In addition, in the case of vegetables such as the above-mentioned tomatoes, the plants are usually planted in two rows in the longitudinal direction of the plant cultivation bed 71, while the plurality of hoses 2 of the local heating device 1 are arranged in two rows. Although it can arrange | position between the planted seedlings, the planting form of a plant and the arrangement | positioning form of the hose 2 are not limited only to this. For example, even in the case of a tomato or the like, when seedlings are planted in three or more rows, a plurality of hoses 2 can be disposed between the seedlings planted in a row.
In addition, as will be described later, the arrangement pattern of the hose 2 can take various forms depending on the seedling aspect, the growth form, and the like of the plant to be grown (see FIGS. 4 and 6 to 8).
Further, the plant cultivation bed 71 is not limited to the above-described cocoons and the placement-type hydroponics bed, and includes, for example, a spray cultivation cultivation bed, a solid medium cultivation cultivation bed using a medium, and a medium. The bed may be in any form such as a bed for hydroponics cultivation using soil, a bed for soil cultivation, and the like. Moreover, a hanging type or a bed type cultivation bed with legs can also be used.

[Frame]
The frame (frame) 72 is a frame for supporting and installing the local heating device 1 provided in the unit 71 for plant cultivation, and also supports a strut and a string for tailoring and attracting the grown plant. It becomes a support member for installation.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the frame 72 is composed of a rod-like member, a pipe-like member and the like assembled around and above the plant cultivation bed 71.
The frame 72 of the present embodiment has sufficient rigidity in consideration of receiving a weight and load when a plurality of hoses 2 of the local heating device 1 are suspended and, for example, a grown vegetable such as tomato is tailored and attracted. It is as a structure having.
In addition, by installing a brick or the like on the bottom side of the pipe standing on the ground at the place where the frame 72 is installed, it is possible to prevent problems such as the frame 72 sinking into the ground.

Specifically, the frame 72 includes a plurality of pipes made of metal and the like, and a coupling tool that couples the pipes, and the pipes are coupled by the coupling tool so as to be assembled in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. It has become. In the example shown in FIG. 3, six pipes in the vertical direction (height direction) and eight pipes in the horizontal direction (lateral direction) are assembled to form a rectangular parallelepiped frame 72.
A plant cultivation bed 71 is arranged at the bottom of the assembled frame 72.

In the frame 72 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the pipes disposed at the upper and lower ends of both ends in the longitudinal direction are the upper pipe 722 and the lower pipe 723. A column 73 is attached to each of the substantially central portions of the pipes 723.
Further, a locking pipe 732 whose ends are bent upward is attached to the upper part of the pair of pillars 73 at both ends of the frame 72, and a net 41 described later is suspended from the locking pipe 732. The net pipe 411 is mounted and locked, and the net 41 to which the hose 2 is attached can be easily locked and detached.

The struts 73 are provided as means for increasing the rigidity of the frame 72 and are used as restraining means for suppressing movement of the plurality of hoses 2 in the short direction of the plant cultivation bed 71 at both ends of the frame 72 in the longitudinal direction. Function.
The support column 73 is made of a rod-like member such as a pipe disposed along the vertical direction (height direction) of the frame 72, and the middle step portion and the lower portion of both sides of the net 41 can be connected to the support column 73 with a string or the like. . If it does in this way, even if it is a case where the several bed 71 for plant cultivation is installed side by side and the several hose 2 is connected to the horizontal direction (lateral direction) corresponding to it, each hose 2 will be provided with the several support | pillar 73. Since the hose 2 moves (vibrates), it is possible to prevent problems such as contact with or damage to the plant 10 located in the vicinity.

Furthermore, by providing the column 73 with the support column 73, when a hydroponics bed is used as the plant cultivation bed 71, the influence of using the local heating device 1 can be avoided.
In general, in hydroponics, it is important that the roots of growing plants (for example, tomatoes) are properly immersed in the nutrient solution, and for that purpose, it is important to maintain the level of the hydroponics bed. It becomes.
For this reason, also in the case where a hydroponics bed is attached as the plant cultivation bed 71 in the present embodiment, the level of the hydroponics bed is carefully adjusted so that the horizontality is not lost even after attachment. There is a need. Specifically, since the plurality of hoses 2 of the local heating device 1 increase in weight due to the flow of hot water, the weight, the load of the hose 2 and the like do not affect the level of the hydroponics bed. It is necessary to do.
Furthermore, it is also necessary to be able to easily remove the hydroponics bed from the frame 72 when replanting the plant 10 being hydroponically cultivated.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, by providing the column 73 with the support 73, the above-described problem in the case where a hydroponics bed is used as the plant cultivation bed 71 can be solved.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, a column 73 made of a rod-shaped member such as a metal pipe is attached to the upper pipe 722 by a rotary pipe joint 731 at a connection portion with the upper pipe 722 at the upper end. It is hung (suspended). The rotary pipe joint 731 functions as an upper positioning unit of the support column 73 and also functions as a rotation / rotating unit of the support column 73.
As a result, the column 73 is suspended from the upper pipe 722 while being positioned by the rotary pipe joint 731 and is connected and connected in a rotatable state. The weights of the support 73 and the plurality of hoses 2 through which hot water flows are all supported by the frame 72 having sufficient rigidity and strength via the rotary pipe joint 731. Therefore, such a structure of the support column 73 prevents the weight or movement of the hole 2 from affecting the hydroponics bed, and avoids the problem that the level of the hydroponics bed is impaired. it can.

The lower portion of the column 73 is positioned with respect to the lower pipe 723 by the positioning means 74. The lower positioning means 74 includes a fixed pipe 741 and a connecting pipe 742 as shown in FIG.
The fixed pipe 741 is made of a metal pipe or the like having the same outer diameter as that of the support column 73, and is fixed to the lower pipe 723 at a position continuous with the support column 73 while being separated from the lower end of the support column 73. In other words, the fixed pipe 741 is fixed vertically to a substantially central portion of the lower pipe 723 in a state where it does not receive the weight of the column 73 and floats from the ground.
The connection pipe 742 is a cylindrical member into which the lower end portion of the support column 73 and the upper end portion of the fixed pipe 741 are inserted, and is made of, for example, a metal pipe.

By providing such positioning means 74, the lower part of the column 73 attached in a vertical state with respect to the frame 72 is positioned without receiving the weight of the column 73 or the like.
The column 73 positioned and fixed by the positioning means 74 as described above can be rotated by sliding the connecting pipe 742, and a hydroponics bed (plant cultivation bed) disposed at the bottom of the frame 72. 71) can be easily removed from the frame 72 without causing the support 73 to get in the way by rotating the support 73.

Thus, the frame 72 according to the present embodiment includes the support column 73, the rotary pipe joint 731 and the positioning means 74, thereby supporting and absorbing the weight of the support column 73 and the plurality of hoses 2 through which hot water flows. Also, by providing the local heating device 1, it is possible to reliably prevent problems such as change in the inclination of the ground and influence on the level of the hydroponics bed.
Furthermore, since the support 73 is unlocked from the fixed pipe 741 by moving the connecting pipe 742 of the positioning means 74 described above upward, the support 73 is rotated with the rotary pipe joint 731 as a fulcrum. Thus, the plant cultivation bed 71 such as a hydroponics bed disposed on the bottom of the frame 72 can be taken out, and plant replanting can be easily performed.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the plant cultivation unit 7 having the above-described configuration has the net 41 attached to the net pipe 411 of the attachment means 4 mounted and supported on the frame 72 in the vertical direction. The hose 2 arranged through the mesh of the net 41 has a plurality of stages in the vertical direction (height direction). It is arranged in a state along the wall.
However, the hose 2 is not limited to a case where a plurality of stages are arranged in the vertical direction (height direction) according to the growth process, growth form, and the like of the plant 10. For example, as shown in FIG. The hose 2 can be disposed in a plane or can be disposed obliquely by being disposed in a direction or inclined obliquely.

In this case, the net pipe 411 is attached to both end edges of the net 41 so that the net 41 is arranged between the pair of net pipes 411 and is arranged between the pipes of the frame 72. By installing and erection, the net 41 can be arranged in the horizontal direction or inclined at an angle.
Then, by passing the hose 2 through the mesh of the net 41 that is inclined in the horizontal direction or obliquely in this way, the hose 2 is disposed in a flat shape or in an obliquely inclined state. The arrangement pattern of the hose 2 can take various forms according to the seedling aspect and the growth form of the plant 10 heated by the hose 2 (see FIGS. 6 to 8).

[Operation of local heating system]
Next, the basic operation of the local heating device 1 with the above configuration will be described.
First, in the example shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, when the plant (tomato) 10 grows and the flower bud and the growth point reach the height of the first-stage to second-stage hose 2, the supply hose 31 is set to 2. The drain hose 32 is connected to the first-stage hose 2.
In addition, the temperature sensor 51 is attached to a height approximately halfway between the first stage and the second stage hose 2.
In addition, according to the type of the plant (tomato) 10 to be heated and cultivated in the local heating device 1 in advance, the control means 5 has an optimum temperature (for example, 15 ° C.) for the growth rate according to the harvest time. Input and set as the set temperature for each section.

In this state, the local heating device 1 measures and monitors the temperature around the hose 2 in which the temperature sensor 51 is disposed in the vicinity of the plant 10, and the control means 5 receives the measurement signal input from the temperature sensor 51. When the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, 15 ° C.), an ON signal is output to the fluid supply means 3.
In the fluid supply means 3, when an ON signal is input, the valves 22 of the supply hose 31 and the discharge hose 32 are opened and closed, and hot water (for example, 50 ° C.) having a predetermined temperature is supplied to the supply hose 31. The flow rate of the hot water supplied from the fluid supply means 3 is set to a predetermined value such as several hundred cc (200 cc) per minute. The flow rate of the warm water is set according to the length and inner diameter of the hose 2 and is not particularly limited to several hundred cc per minute.

When hot water is supplied, in the example of FIG. 2 above, the hot water supplied to the second-stage hose 2 flows in the hose 2 and passes through the connecting hose 20 in the first-stage hose 2. And flows back to the fluid supply means 3 via the discharge hose 32.
When hot water is circulated and circulated from the fluid supply means 3 through the hose 2 in this way, the first and second hose 2 are placed in the horizontal direction in the vicinity of the plant (tomato) 10 as shown in FIG. Since a plurality of the hose 2 are juxtaposed in the height direction in the extended state, the heat of the hot water is radiated from the hose 2, and the radiant heat localizes the tomato flower buds and growth points by heat convection in the vicinity of the plant (tomato) 10. The target is heated directly and optimally at the optimum cultivation temperature set in accordance with the desired harvest time.
The temperature of the hot water that has returned to the fluid supply means 3 is lowered by radiating heat from the hose 2 to the outside, and returns to 25 ° C., for example.

When the temperature in the vicinity of the plant 10 rises due to the warming with the warm water as described above, the temperature sensor 51 detects the temperature and outputs it as a measurement signal. For example, when a measurement signal of 17 ° C. is output from the temperature sensor 51, the measurement signal is input to the control unit 5, and the control unit 5 outputs an OFF signal to the fluid supply unit 3.
As a result, the valves 22 of the supply hose 31 and the discharge hose 32 are opened and closed, the fluid supply means 3 stops supplying hot water, and the plant 10 is not heated to a predetermined temperature or higher.
By such ON / OFF control of the fluid supply means 3 by the control means 5, the vicinity of the plant 10 is always maintained at an optimum cultivation temperature set in accordance with a desired harvesting time, and locally and directly applied. It will be heated and heated.

Next, when the plant 10 grows, the flower buds and the growth point move and the height of the first to fourth hose 2 is reached, the supply hose 31 is connected to the fourth hose 2, The second-stage hose 2 and the third-stage hose 2 are connected via a connecting hose 20 or the like. Further, the discharge hose 32 is connected to the first-stage hose 2 in the same manner as described above.
In addition, the temperature sensor 51 is attached to a height approximately halfway between the third and fourth hose 2.
Note that, as described above, a predetermined set temperature (for example, 15 ° C.) set in advance in accordance with a desired harvest time is input and set in the control unit 5, and the temperature in the vicinity of the plant by the temperature sensor 51 is set. Is being monitored.

In this state, the local heating device 1 measures and monitors the temperature around the hose 2 in which the temperature sensor 51 is disposed in the vicinity of the plant 10 as described above. When the measurement signal input from is at a predetermined temperature (for example, 15 ° C.), an ON signal is output to the fluid supply means 3.
The fluid supply means 3 that has input the ON signal opens and closes the valves 22 of the supply hose 31 and the discharge hose 32 to supply hot water (for example, 50 ° C.) having a predetermined temperature to the supply hose 31. This flow rate is, for example, several hundred cc (400 cc) per minute. In this case, the warm water is first supplied to the fourth-stage hose 2, and the warm water flows through the hose 2 and flows through the connection hose 20 through the third-stage hose 2. It flows through the hose 2 at the first stage and the first stage, and returns to the fluid supply means 3 via the hose 32 for discharge.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first to fourth hoses 2 are juxtaposed in the vertical direction (height direction) in the vicinity of the plant (tomato) 10 and extending in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the heat of hot water is radiated from these hoses 2, and the radiant heat radiates the buds and growth points of the tomato locally and directly at the desired harvest time by heat convection in the vicinity of the plant (tomato) 10. It will be heated at the optimal cultivation temperature set together.
The temperature of the hot water that has returned to the fluid supply means 3 is lowered by radiating heat from the hose 2 to the outside, and returns to 25 ° C., for example.

Further, when the plant 10 further grows and the flower buds and the growth point reach the height of the first to sixth hose 2, the supply hose 31 is connected to the sixth hose 2 and 4 The stage hose 2 and the fifth stage hose 2 are connected via a connecting hose 20. The discharge hose 32 is connected to the first-stage hose 2.
In addition, the temperature sensor 51 is attached at a height approximately halfway between the fifth and sixth hose 2.
About the control means 5, as above-mentioned, the predetermined setting temperature (for example, 15 degreeC) preset according to the desired harvest time is input and set.

In this state, the local heating device 1 measures and monitors the temperature around the hose 2 in which the temperature sensor 51 is disposed in the vicinity of the plant 10 as described above. When the measurement signal input from is at a predetermined temperature (for example, 15 ° C.), an ON signal is output to the fluid supply means 3.
The fluid supply means 3 that has input the ON signal opens and closes the valves 22 of the supply hose 31 and the discharge hose 32 to supply hot water (for example, 50 ° C.) having a predetermined temperature to the supply hose 31. This flow rate is, for example, several hundred cc (600 cc) per minute. In this case, the hot water supplied to the sixth-stage hose 2 flows through the hose 2, flows through the connecting hose 20, and flows through the fifth-stage hose 2. The second, first, and first stage hoses 2 flow through the discharge hose 32 and return to the fluid supply means 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first to sixth hose 2 is juxtaposed in the vertical direction in the state of extending horizontally in the vicinity of the plant (tomato) 10. By the radiant heat from 2 and the heat convection in the vicinity of the plant 10, the tomato flower bud and the growing point can be locally and effectively heated.
The temperature of the hot water returned to the fluid supply means 3 is lowered by radiating heat (for example, 25 ° C.).

Thus, by using the local heating apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment, the plant 10 used as a cultivation object can be heated and heated directly and locally, and it cultivates separately from the temperature of the whole greenhouse. Plants can be heated and heated in predetermined units.
Moreover, the local heating apparatus 1 can arrange | position and change the hose 2 which heats the plant 10 by radiant heat in arbitrary positions, and can change and adjust the position of the hose 2 according to the growth process of the plant 10. Thus, the flower buds and growth points of the plant 10 can be locally and effectively heated.

This eliminates the need to maintain the entire greenhouse at the optimum temperature necessary for the growth of the plant 10, and therefore, the same type of plant can be cultivated simultaneously with different growth temperatures in the same greenhouse. As a result, the plant can be grown and cultivated at different growth speeds in predetermined units, and the harvest time can be changed in units of units.
Moreover, according to the local heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment as mentioned above, since temperature control with respect to the plant 10 can be performed locally and effectively with the radiant heat from the hose 2, the case where the whole greenhouse is heated, and In comparison, significant energy savings and measures to prevent global warming (reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, etc.) can be achieved.

Here, with reference to FIG. 5, the modification of the local heating apparatus 1 mentioned above is demonstrated.
FIG. 5 is a front view schematically showing a modification of the local heating device 1 shown in FIGS.
The local heating device 1a shown in the figure is replaced with the connecting hose 2 for connecting / changing the flow paths of the plurality of hoses 2 in the local heating device 1 described above, the supply hose 31 for supplying hot water, and the discharge hose 32. The plurality of valves 61 to 67 are provided so that the hot water can flow through the plurality of hoses 2 in series and / or in parallel.
The valves 61 to 67 turn on / off the supply of hot water from the fluid supply means 3 to the hose 2 by opening and closing, and may be manual valves or remote control electromagnetic valves, etc. It may be.
In addition, about the other structure of the local heating apparatus 1a shown in FIG. 5, it is the same as that of the local heating apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 2, Therefore, about the same component, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is given. Omitted.

In the local heating device 1a, the discharge port of the fluid supply means 3 is connected in parallel with the second, fourth, and sixth hose 2. Further, a valve 61, a valve 63, and a valve 65 are provided between the discharge port and the second, fourth, and sixth hose 2.
Further, the suction port of the fluid supply means 3 is connected in parallel with the first, third and fifth hose 2. Further, a valve 62 and a valve 64 are provided between the suction port and the third and fifth hose 2.
Further, the second stage and the third stage hose 2 are connected via a valve 66, and the fourth stage and the fifth stage hose 2 are connected via a valve 67.

The local heating device 1a includes a plurality of (three) temperature sensors 51, and in the example shown in FIG. 5, between the first and second hose 2 and the third and fourth stages. Temperature sensors 51 are disposed between the second hose 2 and between the fifth and sixth hose 2 respectively. The temperature sensor 51 can be attached to a predetermined location using the net 41 described above.
Each of the plurality of temperature sensors 51 measures the temperature of the attached portion and outputs the measurement signal to the control means 5a.
The control unit 5 a is connected to the plurality of temperature sensors 51 and the fluid supply unit 3, and controls the fluid supply unit 3 based on the measurement signal from the temperature sensor 51.
According to the local heating device 1a having such a configuration, the temperature in the vicinity of the growing plant is monitored and measured by a plurality of temperature sensors 51 by a plurality of temperature units, and fine temperature control according to the temperature change is automatically performed. Can be performed automatically.

Hereinafter, specific modes of hot water supply / circulation by the local heating device 1a as shown in FIG. 5 will be described.
The local heating device 1a can flow hot water through the hoses 2 in series / parallel in substantially the same manner as the above-described local heating device 1 by operating the valves 61 to 67.
For example, first, the valve 61, the valve 62, the valve 63, and the valve 64 are closed, and the valve 65, the valve 66, and the valve 67 are opened. it can.
Further, by closing the valve 61, the valve 66, the valve 63, and the valve 64 and opening the valve 62, the valve 67, and the valve 65, the first stage is removed and the second to sixth stages of the hose 2 are connected in series. Hot water can flow.
Hereinafter, similarly, the hot water can be flowed by connecting the first to sixth stages of the hose 2 in series in an arbitrary number of stages by the combination of opening and closing the valves 61 to 67.

Moreover, in the local heating apparatus 1a, warm water can be supplied and flowed in parallel with respect to the first to sixth hose 2 by a combination of opening and closing the valves 61 to 67.
Specifically, for example, when the entire length of the hose 2 composed of a plurality of stages is long, for example, when the entire length of the hose 2 is several tens of meters, the local heating device 1 shown in FIG. In addition, if hot water is caused to flow in series from the sixth-stage hose 2 to the first-stage hose 2, the temperature of the water flowing through the hose 2 located on the downstream side becomes low, and the necessary heating may not be possible.
Therefore, in such a case, in the local heating device 1a shown in FIG. 5, the valve 61, the valve 62, the valve 63, the valve 64, and the valve 65 are opened, and the valve 66 and the valve 67 are closed. Hot water can flow in parallel to the second hose 2, the third and fourth hose 2, and the fifth and sixth hose 2. It becomes possible to solve the problem of the temperature drop of the hot water when it is connected.

In addition, when warm water is allowed to flow in parallel to the plurality of stages of hoses 2 as described above, the valves 61 to 67 are constituted by electromagnetic valves that can be remotely operated, and the control means 5a receives measurement signals from the three temperature sensors 51. Based on this, the valve 61, the valve 63, and the valve 65 can be configured to be turned on and off.
In this way, finer temperature control is possible, and the accuracy of temperature control can be improved. For example, it is possible to heat the entire tomato that has been grown substantially uniformly. .
Further, by configuring the plurality of valves 61 to 67 with electromagnetic valves that can be remotely operated, for example, the opening and closing operations and controls of the valves 61 to 67 can be performed only by performing an input operation to the operation panel or the like of the control means 5a. Therefore, workability and usability can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when an adhesive tape 42 for collecting and killing pests is provided between predetermined portions of the hose 2 (for example, the fifth and sixth hose 2), Pour warm water only into the hose 2 (6th and 5th hose 2) at a predetermined location and set the ambient temperature to a temperature that insects prefer, so that the insects are attracted and trapped efficiently by the adhesive tape 42 It becomes possible to add and add value to the local heating device 1a.
In this way, the local heating device 1a shown in FIG. 5 has substantially the same effect as the local heating device 1 shown in FIG. 2, and further has the quality and accuracy of temperature control, workability, usability, added value, and the like. It becomes possible to improve.

[Local heating cultivation method]
Next, the specific process of the plant cultivation method of this embodiment performed using the above local heating apparatuses 1 is demonstrated.
In the plant cultivation method according to this embodiment, through the following steps, in the same greenhouse, the same type of plant is given different growth / cultivation temperatures in predetermined units, and is cultivated simultaneously. It is possible to grow and harvest at different growth speeds in a desired small area drawing unit, cocoon unit, and cultivation bed unit.

(1) Arrangement / planting step of plant In the plant cultivation method of the present embodiment, first, a specific type of plant 10 to be cultivated at a predetermined location in the same space in the greenhouse 80 having a predetermined area, Arrangement and fixed planting are performed in predetermined units.
Specifically, plant cultivation beds 71 such as straw and hydroponics beds are formed and installed along the depth direction in parallel in the horizontal direction (width direction) of the greenhouse 80, and the same for each bed 71 unit. The plant 10 of a kind is planted.
In the example shown in FIG. 6, a state in which tomatoes are planted in three different sections in a single-building greenhouse 80 is shown.
Similarly, the example shown in FIG. 7 shows a state where one section is provided in each building in the continuous greenhouse 80 and each planted with tomatoes.
Thus, by planting plants in units of plants and hydroponics beds, the local heating device 1 can be unitized and installed in units of beds for cultivation and cultivation as described above. -Local heating and heating can be performed on the plant 10 at different temperatures in bed units.

In addition, the plurality of plants 10 to be planted are sectioned for each cultivation temperature given by the local heating device 1, and a constant interval is taken between the neighboring sections of the plants 10 that give different cultivation temperatures.
Specifically, plants that give different growth temperatures between adjacent compartments are separated from each other by a certain distance (for example, 1 m) or more.
If it does in this way, according to the kind of plant as a growth temperature given by the local heating apparatus 1 mentioned later, it will become possible to give a considerable temperature difference, for example, about 5 degreeC, and effective local heating will be attained. Cultivation can be carried out.

(2) Arrangement / Installation Step of Local Heating Device Next, in the unit of division of the plant 10 which is divided and arranged / planted for each growth temperature given by the local heating device 1 as described above, the local heating device is locally arranged in the vicinity of each plant. A heating device 1 is provided.
Specifically, the frame 72 of the plant cultivation unit 7 as shown in FIG. 3 is assembled around the persimmon / cultivation bed for each section of the plant 10. Then, by piping the hose 2 to the frame 72 via the attachment means 4, the hose 2 through which hot water flows in a predetermined location near the plant 10 is piped and disposed.
The hoses 2 piped in units of sections are connected to fluid supply means 3 such as a heat pump for supplying hot water having a predetermined temperature corresponding to a desired growth rate and harvest time.

Here, as described above, the pipe of the hose 2 is arranged / pipe adapted to the growth process / growth form of the plant 10 to be grown.
For example, in the example shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the hose 2 extending in parallel with the cocoon / bed between the tomato seedlings planted in two rows in the cocoon / bed corresponding to the “tomato” to be cultivated. Are arranged in multiple stages in the height direction (vertical direction).
In addition, when the cultivation target is “eggplant”, for example, one strain is planted in one persimmon and the cultivation method is branched from the middle of growth.・ Grow. In this case, the hose 2 extending in parallel with the ridges / beds is piped / arranged in a plurality of stages so as to pass above and below the seedlings that grow in the Y-shape / bifurcation.
In addition, when the cultivation target is, for example, “cucumber”, for a large (high) seedling, in the same manner as in the case of tomato, between the seedlings of tomato planted in two rows in a basket / bed, A plurality of hoses 2 extending in parallel with the eaves / bed are arranged and arranged in the height direction (vertical direction).

In FIG. 8, the example of piping and arrangement | positioning of the hose 2 of the local heating apparatus 1 according to the kind (growth form) of the plant 10 is shown typically.
FIG. 8 (a) shows the case of seedlings grown and attracted in the vertical direction, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, fine melons, green beans, green peas, etc. Multi-stage piping in the vertical direction).
Fig. 8 (b) shows the case of a seedling that is divided into a letter Y and a fork in the growth process, such as eggplant, pepper, and shishito. The hose 2 extending parallel to the bed is piped and arranged in a plurality of stages at an angle.

FIG. 8 (c) shows a case where seedlings having a low plant height are planted in a planar shape, such as leek, spinach, etc., and a hose 2 extending in parallel with a cocoon / bed is arranged in a plane. It arrange | positions in planar shape so that upper direction may be covered.
As shown in the figure, depending on the type of plant, the seedlings can be planted by forming cocoons (see the lower part of the figure), or can be planted directly on the cultivated land (see the upper part of the figure). ). Generally, firewood is excellent in the heat storage and heat retention of geothermal heat, and it is preferable to use firewood for the growth of young seedlings.However, depending on the type of plant and the environment / conditions of the greenhouse or greenhouse, Direct planting and cultivation are also performed. The cultivation method by the local heating device 1 according to the present embodiment can be applied to both cases, whether or not using straw.
FIG. 8D shows a case of cabbage or the like. As in the case of FIG. 8C, the hose 2 piped in a planar shape is arranged so as to cover the top of the plant.
Also in the case shown in the figure, the plant may be planted by forming a cocoon in the same manner as shown in FIG. 8C (see the lower part of the figure), or may be directly planted on the cultivated land (same as shown in FIG. 8C). (See the top of the figure).

FIG. 8 (e) is an example of a strawberry planted in a high ridge, and this also covers the upper part of the plant with a hose 2 piped in a plane, almost as in FIGS. 8 (c) and 8 (d). Arrange like this.
FIG. 8 (f) shows a case where the growth point of the plant is at a portion other than the tip, such as asparagus, and the hose 2 extending in parallel with the straw / bed is positioned near the growth point of the plant and piped. .
FIG. 8 (g) shows a case where a cultivation bed is installed on a table or a leg for, for example, fruit hunting (for example, strawberry hunting) for general consumers, and the hose 2 is adjusted according to the height of the cultivation bed. It arrange | positions and arrange | positions the hose 2 so that the whole upper direction of the bed for cultivation may be covered.

FIG. 8 (h) shows a case of a flower bud such as chrysanthemum. For example, a hose 2 extending parallel to the cocoon / bed is vertically attached to both ends of the cocoon / bed so that the entire floret can be locally heated. Plural stages of pipes are arranged in the direction, or the flat hose 2 is arranged so as to cover the top of the plant.
FIG. 8 (i) is a case of potted plant cultivation performed on a table or the like. In this case as well, the hose 2 piped in a flat shape is arranged so as to cover the top of the plant.
In addition, although piping and arrangement | positioning operation | work of the above hoses 2 are normally performed after planting the plant 10 in a cocoon, a cultivation bed, etc., the hose 2 is previously piped to a predetermined position and form, and then Further, the plant 10 can be planted and arranged according to the position of the hose 2.

(3) Local heating / heating process by local heating device Next, the growth rate of the plant 10 by the local heating device 1 in which the hose 2 is arranged at a predetermined location near the plant in the type unit of the plant 10 as described above.・ Give different cultivation temperatures according to the harvest time in a given section of the plant.
First, the fluid supply means 3 such as a heat pump water heater capable of supplying the temperature and amount of hot water required for different growth rates and harvesting times is installed on the plant 10 grown and cultivated in the greenhouse 80. deep.
In the examples shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the amount of heat that can be secured at least the minimum temperature (for example, 10 ° C.) required for normal growth of tomatoes is supplied to the tomatoes that have been planted in three sections in the greenhouse. Calories are calculated so that the amount of heat can be supplied from the fluid supply means 3 such as a heat pump water heater.

When hot water flows through the hose 2, the tomatoes located in the vicinity of the hose 2 are locally warmed. As mentioned above, since tomatoes are usually planted and cultivated in parallel in two rows in one row, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, efficiently heating the tomatoes by passing the hose 2 between them. Can do.
For example, in the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, tomato seedlings are planted on the same day in a three-part greenhouse or a triple greenhouse, and the lowest temperature of the first compartment / greenhouse (the left end of the drawing) Set the minimum temperature of the second compartment / greenhouse (middle of the drawing) to 10 ° C, 15 ° C, the minimum temperature of the third compartment / greenhouse (right end of the drawing) to 20 ° C, and control the supply of hot water for cultivation. Execute. Specifically, the temperature of the hot water supplied to the hose 2 is changed for each section / greenhouse with respect to the hose 2 of the local heating device 1 piped between 1 row and 2 rows of tomato seedlings.
In this way, in the example of FIGS. 6 and 7, the third compartment / greenhouse tomatoes are harvested first, then the second compartment / greenhouse, and finally the first compartment / greenhouse tomatoes. It will be harvested.
At this time, when it is desired to manage the shipment more clearly for each section and each greenhouse, it is preferable to implement a partition described later (see FIG. 7).

In addition, when a plant is heated, if a plant (tomato) leaf or fruit touches the hose 2 directly, the plant leaf or fruit may be damaged like a low-temperature burn. For this reason, although not specifically illustrated, it is more preferable to protect the leaves and fruits of the plant and the hose 2 from direct contact with a net or the like that does not shield the radiant heat.
In addition, as described above, the minimum growth temperature required for each plant is calculated by calorie calculation, for example, based on the structure of the greenhouse, the weather conditions at the installation location, etc., to maintain the greenhouse at an appropriate temperature. The amount of input heat required to do this can be determined.

In addition, as described above, the hot water supply control by the fluid supply means 3 is performed by monitoring the temperature (air temperature) in the vicinity of the hot water supply hose 2 with the sensor 51 and keeping it below a certain temperature (in the case above, the hot water is stopped). Then, supply of hot water at a predetermined temperature (for example, 15 ° C.) is started, and when the monitored temperature of the sensor reaches a certain temperature (for example, 17 ° C.) (in the following case, the supply of hot water is continued), the supply of hot water is stopped. This is done by repeating ON / OFF of the supply.
In addition, although the above heating / temperature control by the local heating apparatus 1 is continuously performed from the fixed planting of each plant 10 to growth and harvesting, it is set and heated according to the type of the plant 10. The temperature can change during the growth process.
By changing / adjusting the temperature given by the local heating device 1, the harvesting time can be advanced or delayed at any time. For example, it is possible to control the growth rate so that harvesting and shipping can be performed at a time when it can be predicted that the yield in other areas will fall from information such as long-term weather forecasts. It is possible to bring out benefits.

(4) Biological pesticide spraying process In parallel with the heating and temperature control by the local heating device 1 as described above, the biopesticide is sprayed in the greenhouse 80 in the present embodiment.
By heating and cultivating 10 units of plants with the local heating device 1 as described above, the same plant can be grown and cultivated at different growth rates and harvesting times in the same greenhouse. Control measures are required.
At that time, biological pesticides are highly safe, and a wide range of applicable crops that can be used has been registered. For example, tomatoes are cultivated simultaneously at different growth temperatures in a plurality of plots shown in FIGS. The biopesticides can be sprayed at the same time regardless of the growth temperature.

Specifically, in this embodiment, Bacillus bacteria can be sprayed into the greenhouse as a biopesticide.
Biological pesticides include Idemitsu Kosan's Botokiller (registered trademark) wettable powder, which is effective in controlling gray mold and powdery mildew, and can be used and sprayed at any time from the early stages of growth to the later stages of cultivation and harvest. It is.
Therefore, after the planting of the plant 10, the biopesticidal spraying can be performed before and after the heating process by the local heating device 1 described above or in parallel with the heating process, and at any time at a necessary timing. Can be sprayed.

Botkiller wettable powder is a wettable powder mainly composed of Bacillus bacteria, and can be sprayed in the air in the greenhouse by a method of charging into the duct.
In the duct charging method, a duct placed in the whole greenhouse is connected to a hot air device (heater) or a dedicated spraying device (blower), etc., and the wettable powder is added into the duct from the hot air device or the dedicated spraying device. In this method, Bacillus, which is the main component of biological pesticides, can be efficiently sprayed to the whole and every corner of the greenhouse. It should be noted that the bottling hydrated powder charged / sprayed by the in-duct charging method is, for example, 10 to 15 g / 10a per day, and it is effective to carry it out every day, and it is desirable to continue for several months.
In addition, when the biological pesticide is sprayed into the greenhouse 80 by using the in-duct method or the like, the partition member that partitions and partitions the space in the greenhouse 80 is removed while the biological pesticide is sprayed. In this way, the biological pesticide can be spread evenly throughout the greenhouse 80 without being blocked by the partition.

(5) Release process of natural enemy organisms against pests In parallel with the heating and temperature control by the local heating device 1 and the application of biological pesticides as described above, in this embodiment, the pests of the plant 10 in the greenhouse 80 The natural enemy creatures can be released.
As described above, in the present embodiment in which the plant 10 is simultaneously cultivated at a plurality of different growth temperatures, control measures are important for controlling pests in the greenhouse 80. In this case, natural enemy organisms of the pests of the plant 10 are used. It is useful to release and use in a greenhouse 80.
Natural enemy organisms are effective in destroying pests. Also, for example, their use in vegetables is registered and permitted, and there is no problem with pesticide registration. It can be used when growing and cultivating at speed and harvest time, and is highly convenient.

  Here, as an example of natural enemy organisms, for example, tomatoes shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and other vegetables such as eggplants and cucumbers, aphids, onitsu whitefly, thrips and spider mites were generated as pests. In some cases, these natural enemies such as the ladybug (target pest: aphid), Ontsutsuyachibee (target pest: Onshitsu white lice), Kukumeri spider mite (target pest: thrips), and dust mite (target pest: spider mite) are greenhouses. It is effective to use it after releasing it within 80.

Moreover, it is preferable to carry out the release of natural enemy organisms after bringing the entire greenhouse 80 into the active temperature range of the natural enemy organisms to be released. In this way, the activities of natural enemy organisms can be activated, and pests can be effectively exterminated and exterminated.
Further, when releasing natural enemy organisms, it is desirable to remove partition members and the like installed in the greenhouse 80, as in the case of the application of the biopesticides described above.
The use and release of natural enemy organisms is also possible at any time from the initial growth stage to the late cultivation / harvest period. Therefore, after the planting of the plant 10, the heating process by the above-mentioned local heating device 1 or the application of biological pesticides is possible. It can be carried out before and after the process, and at the same time as the heating process / biological pesticide spraying process, and natural enemy organisms can be released at any time as needed.

(6) Partitioning step using partition members In this embodiment, the same plant 10 planted in a plurality of partitions is simultaneously cultivated in the same space of the same greenhouse at a plurality of different growth temperatures. The inner space can be partitioned by a predetermined partition member in a predetermined ridge unit or block unit of the plant 10.
The above-mentioned local heating by the local heating device 1 can grow and cultivate the target plant directly and locally, and the local heating device 1 performs temperature control for each plant and each section. Thus, it is not necessary to strictly control the temperature in the entire greenhouse. However, after increasing the radiation temperature in the vicinity of the plant, the radiant heat from the hose 2 eventually moves to the air and diffuses to warm the entire greenhouse.
Therefore, in order to give different growth temperatures between at least adjacent sections, it is desirable to partition the sections with a partition member such as a simple partition curtain in order to perform more effective local heating cultivation.

If the compartments are separated by simple sheets, curtains, etc., even if the compartments of different types of plants 10 are adjacent to each other, the temperature difference due to local heating can be maintained, and different growth of the same plant can be effectively achieved. Simultaneous cultivation at speed and harvest time can be implemented.
In addition, partitioning and partitioning with sheets and curtains can solve the so-called drift problem when spraying chemical pesticides, which will be described later. is important.
Specifically, for example, the distance between adjacent ridges is about 1 m, and the temperature around one ridge is maintained at 15 ° C, the other ridge around 20 ° C, and the other greenhouse space is maintained at 10 ° C. In some cases, simple partition curtains, sheets, partitions, etc. will be installed between each fence. As a result, convection caused by the difference in specific gravity of air due to the temperature difference between adjacent spaces can be prevented and effective local heating cultivation can be performed.

As a partition member such as a curtain or partition member for partitioning the compartment, a vinyl sheet may be suspended from the ceiling of the greenhouse as in the partition member 80a shown in FIG. 7, and a partition or the like is provided between the compartments. That's fine.
In addition, it is desirable to perform partitioning by the partition member from the initial stage of cultivation together with the planting of the plant 10 and the installation of the local heating device 1, but it is of course possible to partition and partition from the middle of the cultivation process. is there.
In particular, depending on the structure of the greenhouse, work load, cultivation scale, etc., it may be effective to partition and partition in the middle of the growth process without initially partitioning with partition members. It is desirable that the conversion process responds flexibly to the occasion. Therefore, the partition member that has already been installed can be removed at an appropriate timing.

(7) Chemical pesticide spraying process In parallel with the heating / temperature control by the local heating device 1 as described above, the spraying of the biopesticide, and the release of natural enemy organisms, in this embodiment, the chemical pesticide is placed in the greenhouse 80. Can be sprayed.
As described above, in the present embodiment in which plants 10 planted in a plurality of sections are heated at different growth temperatures and simultaneously cultivated, control measures are important for controlling pests in the greenhouse 80. It is useful for controlling insects and pests to disperse and to release and use natural enemies such as pests.
However, it is practically difficult to prevent all pests and diseases with only biological pesticides and natural enemy organisms, and the use of chemical pesticides can be effective.
Therefore, in this embodiment, chemical pesticides can be sprayed in combination with or in place of biological pesticides and natural enemy organisms.

However, chemical pesticides are quite specific for each crop, pest, etc., and even in the same plant, the use period is limited in the growth process. In many cases, use is prohibited at the fruit stage. For this reason, it is often difficult to continuously use and disperse one chemical pesticide in all processes of growth and cultivation of tomatoes and the like like the above-described biopesticides and natural enemy organisms. It is also a problem in the positive list system under the Agricultural Chemicals Control Law.
Therefore, when chemical pesticides are used / sprayed, partitioning / partitioning is performed for each type of plant by partitioning with the partitioning member described above, and appropriate chemical pesticides are used / sprayed for each plant unit. To.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, by installing and partitioning each partition greenhouse 80a in each of the greenhouses, the agricultural chemicals are sprayed on each individual crop so that other crops are not exposed to the agricultural chemicals. can do. Thereby, the drift (scattering) of chemical pesticides can be prevented.
The partition member / partition member used for partitioning is not particularly limited as long as it can be partitioned so as not to cause drift, and generally vinyl, plastic, glass, or the like can be used.

Here, the application and use of chemical pesticides is also possible from the early stage of growth to the late stage of cultivation and harvesting period within the scope of registration of agricultural chemicals. It can be used together with biological pesticides and natural enemy organisms.
In addition, when spraying chemical pesticides in a state where natural enemy organisms are released in the greenhouse 80, it is desirable to spray predetermined chemical pesticides that have little influence on the released natural enemy organisms.

In recent years, there has been a move to reduce the use of pesticides as much as possible when cultivating vegetables, etc., and there is a tendency to increase the use of biological pesticides and natural enemy organisms. Conceivable. In this case, natural enemy organisms are organisms as well as pests controlled by pesticides, and are affected by chemical pesticides as well as pests. For this reason, even if natural enemy organisms are released with great care, they can be killed by the effects of chemical pesticides. Therefore, when natural enemies and chemical pesticides are used in combination, it is preferable to use chemical pesticides that have the least effect on natural enemies.
Chemical pesticides that have little effect on natural enemies include, for example, chess wettable powder (component: pymetrozine), urara DF (component: flonicamid), osadane wettable powder (component: fenbutazin oxide), cascade emulsion (component: flufenoxuron) ), Demiline wettable powder (component: diflubenzuron), triggered solution (component: cyromazine), match emulsion (component: lufenuron), nissolan wettable powder (component: hexythiazox), BT agent, and the like.
If chemical pesticides are not used at all, remove the dividers for drift protection, and share the same type of plants that are grown simultaneously at different growth temperatures using biological pesticides and natural enemy organisms. It is preferable to control.

(8) Arrangement / installation process of materials having pest control effects and materials for capturing pests In this embodiment, prior to each process as described above, or in parallel with each process, at different growth temperatures. A material having a pest control effect can be disposed in the vicinity of the plant 10 to be simultaneously cultivated, and a material for physically capturing pests can be disposed in the vicinity of the plant 10.
In addition to agricultural chemicals such as biological agricultural chemicals and chemical agricultural chemicals as described above, there are materials for controlling pests and insects. Therefore, installing such materials in the vicinity of the plant 10 that is grown and cultivated in this embodiment is more effective for controlling pests.

Here, as a material having a pest control effect and a material for capturing pests, for example, a trap means (adhesive plate, adhesive sheet, adhesive tape, etc.) made of a color-coated plaque that is coated with an adhesive and easily attracts pests. There is. And by installing such trap means such as an adhesive plate in the vicinity of the plant 10, more preferably in the warm area near the hose 2 of the local heating device 1, the pests can be physically and efficiently removed. It can be trapped (attached) (see adhesive tape 42 in FIG. 2).
As this type of adhesive plate / adhesive sheet, for example, Idemitsu Kosan Smile Catch (registered trademark), Smile Catch Roll, etc. are effective.

(9) Step of adjusting humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in greenhouse In this embodiment, in parallel with each step as described above or prior to each step, plant 10 is simultaneously used at different growth temperatures as described above. Adjustment can be made to maintain the humidity in the greenhouse 80 to be cultivated at a predetermined value, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 80 can be adjusted to be maintained at a predetermined value.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the local heating device 1 is arranged paying attention to the temperature for each crop in the same greenhouse, and the same type of plants 10 that are heated at different growth temperatures and divided into a plurality of plants 10 at the same time. Although cultivation is performed, suitable humidity may vary depending on the desired growth rate and shipping time. For this reason, by performing humidity control in the greenhouse 80, the simultaneous cultivation according to the present embodiment can be made more effective.
In addition, by adjusting the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 80, it is possible to promote the photosynthesis of the cultivated plants to adjust the growth rate and increase the yield. In addition, when the local heating apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is installed and forced air circulation is not performed in the greenhouse 80 by the heavy oil heater A, the inside of the greenhouse is supplied with CO ₂ along with the breeze. The photosynthesis of plants can be promoted.

The humidity / carbon dioxide concentration can be adjusted for the entire greenhouse 80, and the humidity / carbon dioxide concentration can be adjusted for each section in which plants are planted.
When the humidity adjustment and the carbon dioxide concentration adjustment are performed in units of plant compartments, partitioning / partitioning of plant units by the partitioning member as described above is performed.

Here, the preferred growth humidity that varies from plant to plant depends on the season, weather, and cultivation conditions. For example, relative humidity during the day is 60 to 80% for tomatoes and 65 to 85% for cucumbers that is slightly higher than tomatoes. It is preferable to maintain and control the humidity within the range because the pores can be easily opened.
Further, since the average carbon dioxide concentration is about 350 to 400 ppm in the air, the concentration of the crop is increased to a higher concentration, for example, 500 to 1000 ppm under the relative humidity conditions for each plant described above during the day. If adjusted while watching the growth situation, the growth will be improved, and it will be possible to efficiently obtain high-quality fruits with high yield.
Furthermore, although the occurrence of diseases may increase due to the relative humidity of 100% at low temperatures at night, the relative humidity around the leaves, flowers and fruits due to local heating is reduced, or the leaves, flowers and fruits due to radiant heat are reduced. The effect of preventing the occurrence of diseases can be expected by preventing the condensation on the surface.

  As described above, according to the plant cultivation method according to the present embodiment, by implementing the greenhouse cultivation method using the local heating device that can locally heat and heat the plant to be grown, In other words, it is possible to grow and cultivate simultaneously by heating different temperatures for the same type of plant. As a result, in the same greenhouse, cultivation and growth can be performed by giving different growth temperatures to the same plant in a predetermined area unit, straw unit, and cultivation bed unit. It will be possible to vary the speed and harvest time.

Thus, according to this embodiment in which the growth rate and the harvesting time can be made different for each unit of the plant in the same greenhouse, for example, by leveling the harvesting time little by little, leveling of labor (harvesting work) Small and medium-sized farmers such as direct sales can ship and sell specific vegetables and fruits little by little for a long period of time every day.
In general, even in the production area of specific vegetables and fruits, the harvest is supposed to be harvested at a time, but this can be leveled throughout the year, so that it can be harvested and shipped all at once. Oversupply and price drop due to this can be avoided, and for example, the price of tomatoes can be stabilized.
Furthermore, by adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse with reference to long-term weather forecasts, shipping adjustments can be made easily. At that time, the harvest time, which could only be managed in units of the entire greenhouse, can now be temperature-controlled (shipment management) in units of small areas such as a certain area in the greenhouse or a unit of firewood. Risk hedging by adjustment will also be possible.

In addition, if seedling producers and farmers can grow seedlings of the same crops and varieties in the same greenhouse at different growth and harvest times, they can be efficiently harvested and shipped throughout the year. Efficient cultivation and cultivation can be realized. Furthermore, since seedlings are generally planted in spring, etc., if the same crop can be grown in the same greenhouse from winter to spring at low temperatures, the planting time is different from the planting time. The work load can be distributed without concentrating at one time, which reduces the work load and is advantageous for management.
Therefore, the plant cultivation method according to the present embodiment can be expected to have a favorable result especially for small-scale / medium-scale farmers and side-run management farmers.

As mentioned above, although preferable embodiment of the plant cultivation method of this invention was described, the plant cultivation method based on this invention is not limited only to embodiment mentioned above, A various change implementation is possible in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say.
For example, as a greenhouse for carrying out the plant cultivation method of the present invention, in the above-described embodiment, a conventionally known greenhouse as shown in FIG. 1 has been described as an example.
However, the plant cultivation method according to the present invention is not particularly affected by the configuration / form of the greenhouse / plastic greenhouse. The plant cultivation method is not hindered.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view schematically showing another embodiment of the greenhouse facility for carrying out the plant cultivation method according to one embodiment of the present invention described above.
The greenhouse 90 shown in the figure has a greenhouse structure equipped with a heat circulation system that can improve the COP (Coefficient of Performance, heating ability with respect to power consumption) of the heat pump.
Specifically, first, the heat pump 3a installed outside the greenhouse is accommodated in a casing 91, and the casing 91 communicates with the greenhouse 90 through a duct. Thereby, the warm air taken into the heat pump 3a is supplied from the greenhouse 90, while the air (cold air) cooled by the heat pump 3a is supplied to the greenhouse 90, and the greenhouse 90 and the heat pump 3a are circulated and heated. An exchange will be made.

In addition, a solar panel 92 that performs solar power generation is provided in the vicinity of the outside of the greenhouse 90, and the power generated by the solar panel 92 is supplied to the heat pump 3a to be driven.
Furthermore, a nutrient solution tank 93 is provided in the basement portion of the bottom surface of the greenhouse 90, and the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 93 is maintained and controlled at a predetermined temperature by the hot water supplied from the warm water tank 3b. 90 is supplied to the hydroponics bed (see FIG. 3).

In the greenhouse 90 having the above-described configuration, heat circulation and heat exchange are performed between the greenhouse 90 and the heat pump 3a, so that heat energy can be consumed without waste. Extremely efficient temperature control of the greenhouse 90 and generation / storage of hot water are possible. In addition, the driving power necessary for the heat pump 3a is generated and supplied by the solar panel 92. Further, the nutrient solution required for greenhouse cultivation can be controlled by the hot water generated and stored by the heat pump 3a. It is possible to significantly improve the COP of the heat pump.
As described above, the greenhouse 90 shown in FIG. 9 can realize generation, use, reuse, and the like of energy without any waste. Even in such a new, useful, and beneficial greenhouse 90, the present invention can be realized. Thus, the same plant can be cultivated simultaneously at a plurality of different growth temperatures in the same greenhouse 90.

  The present invention is suitably used for growing and cultivating vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants and bell peppers grown in greenhouses and houses, fruits such as strawberries, mandarin oranges and melons, florets, ornamental plants, medicinal plants, etc. Can do.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Local heating apparatus 2 Hose 3 Fluid supply means 3a Heat pump 3b Hot water tank 4 Attachment means
5 Control means 7 Plant cultivation unit 10 Plant 20 Connection hose 21 Joint 22 Valve 31 Supply hose 32 Discharge hose 41 Net 42 Adhesive tape 51 Temperature sensor 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 Valve 71 Plant cultivation Bed
72 frames
73 Column 74 Positioning means 80 Greenhouse

Claims (21)

Arranging the same kind of plants in the same greenhouse in predetermined compartment units;
Arranging a local heating device that gives a predetermined cultivation temperature locally to the plant at a predetermined location in the vicinity of the plant;
Providing a different cultivation temperature in a predetermined unit of the plant by the local heating device,
The plant cultivation method characterized by adjusting the harvest time by making the growth rate of the same kind of plant in the same greenhouse differ for every said predetermined division unit.   The plant cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plants is a vegetable.   The plant cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the plants is a fruit.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one of the plants is a flower bud.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of the plants is a foliage plant.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least one of the plants is a medicinal plant.   The plant cultivation method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6 which has the process of spraying biopesticides in the said greenhouse.   The plant cultivation method according to claim 7, wherein Bacillus bacteria are sprayed into the greenhouse as the biological pesticide.   The plant cultivation method according to claim 8, wherein a wettable powder mainly composed of Bacillus is used as the biological pesticide and is sprayed into the greenhouse in the air by an in-duct method.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a step of releasing a natural enemy of the plant pest in the greenhouse.   The plant cultivation method according to claim 10, wherein the natural enemy organism is released after the inside of the greenhouse is within an active temperature range of the natural enemy organism to be released.   The plant cultivation method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 11 which has the process of spraying a chemical pesticide in the said greenhouse. In the case of having a step of releasing the natural enemy pest of the plant in the greenhouse,
The plant cultivation method according to claim 12, wherein a predetermined chemical pesticide having a small influence on the natural enemy organisms released is sprayed.   The plant cultivation method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 13 which has the process of partitioning the space in the said greenhouse with a predetermined partition member in the predetermined division unit of the said plant.   The plant cultivation method according to claim 14, wherein the predetermined partition member is made of vinyl, plastic, or glass material. In the case of having a step of spraying biological pesticides in the greenhouse,
The plant cultivation method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the partition member that partitions the space in the greenhouse is removed while the biological pesticide is sprayed.   The plant cultivation method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 16 which has the process of arrange | positioning the material which has a pest control effect in the vicinity of the said plant.   The plant cultivation method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 17 which has the process of arrange | positioning the material which captures a pest physically in the vicinity of the said plant.   The plant cultivation method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein a material having the effect of controlling pests or a material for physically capturing pests is disposed in the vicinity of the plant where the local heating device is disposed.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the humidity in the greenhouse is maintained at a predetermined value.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse is maintained at a predetermined value.