CN202035339U - Heat exchange and ventilation system for greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat exchange ventilation system for a greenhouse, comprising an inner ventilation pipe and an outer ventilation pipe, the inner ventilation pipe and the outer ventilation pipe respectively have an air inlet and an air outlet, an air blast device is arranged at either the air inlet or the air outlet, and the air inlet and the air outlet One of the ports is set in the greenhouse, and the other port is set outside the greenhouse. The middle part of the pipe body of the outer ventilation pipe contains the middle part of the pipe body of the inner ventilation pipe. The flow direction of the outer ventilation pipe from the air inlet to the air outlet is in the middle of the pipe body. Contrary to the fact that the inner ventilation pipe is in the middle of the pipe body from the air inlet to the air outlet, the inner surface and the outer surface of the inner ventilation pipe contained in the pipe body are provided with heat conducting fins. It can be used for the night ventilation of the shed, and can also be used in the daytime with insufficient light and the daytime in the alpine area to achieve the effect of reducing the humidity without lowering the temperature.

Description

A greenhouse heat exchange ventilation system

technical field

The utility model relates to a greenhouse system for agricultural planting, in particular to a ventilation and heat exchange system for the greenhouse. the

Background technique

Solar greenhouses, round sheds and multi-span greenhouses (hereinafter collectively referred to as greenhouses) are the main facilities for agricultural production in protected areas at present. Plants are grown in greenhouses as protective facilities, mainly in off-season production, that is, in places with low external temperatures. In this way, some products that are difficult to preserve, such as vegetables and fruits, can be produced and supplied every year. The principle is that when the ambient temperature is not conducive to plant growth, the greenhouse can be used to provide suitable temperature for the plants. In the current greenhouse agricultural production, the most important contradiction is the contradiction between air temperature and air humidity. the

The water vapor in the air comes from the transpiration of plants and the evaporation of the ground, so it is inevitable. During low temperature and continuous cloudy days, when the greenhouse is closed at night and in areas with higher latitudes, it is easy to make the air humidity in the greenhouse More than 90%, under such humidity, the physiological activities such as transpiration of plants are inhibited, and it is very easy to be infected by various germs, causing the epidemic of diseases. the

Managers must try to reduce the air humidity in the greenhouse every day to ensure the normal physiological activities of plants and prevent the spread of diseases. Otherwise, even if a large amount of pesticides are used, diseases cannot be effectively prevented, and there will be no production and benefits. Obviously, this is one of the deep-seated reasons for the high pesticide residues in greenhouse vegetables. The way to reduce humidity is to ventilate. To this end, each shed has a vent, which is installed on the top lighting film or on the wall. When ventilation is needed, it is opened to allow the dry air outside to enter the shed. Humid room air is replaced; vents are closed when ventilation is not required. But because the air outside is colder and the air inside is warmer, another inevitable effect of venting is to reduce the air temperature in the shed. the

When the temperature is high enough or too high, ventilating can achieve two purposes at once, one is to stop the temperature rise or lower the temperature, and the other is to reduce the humidity; when the temperature is not high enough and the humidity is too high, the venting will be in a contradiction, If it is not implemented, the humidity will be unsuitable, and if it is implemented, the temperature will be unsuitable. It is for this reason that it limits the development area of greenhouse agriculture, the benefits of greenhouse agriculture, and the quality of greenhouse agricultural products. It is one of the most important limiting factors in greenhouse agricultural production. the

With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the requirements for pesticide residues in vegetable products are becoming more and more stringent. The use of pesticides mainly meets the needs of four aspects: underground pests, underground diseases, aboveground insects, and aboveground diseases. Underground diseases and insect pests can be prevented by fumigation of the soil outside the growth period, and there is no residue; aboveground pests have been eliminated by measures such as high-temperature stuffy sheds and pest control nets; although there are some ways to reduce aboveground diseases, almost all At present, the shed must be controlled by regular application of pesticides. There are more than 1,000 kinds of these diseases, and more than 800 kinds of them need the relative air humidity to reach more than 80% to cause harm. For example, cucumber downy mildew, tomato late blight, tomato leaf mold, melon powdery mildew, tomato cotton blight, pepper blight, cucumber brown spot, etc., are all very harmful aboveground diseases, all of which require high air humidity to infect and spread. It can be seen that the problem of aboveground diseases is the last problem to completely solve the pesticide residues in vegetables, and an important factor causing these diseases is the high air humidity in the shed. the

In addition, the photosynthesis of plants consumes a lot of carbon dioxide, and the activities of microorganisms in the soil and the respiration of plants themselves will release carbon dioxide. Therefore, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse is always changing, and at different times of the day Under different light conditions, the concentration of carbon dioxide varies greatly. When plants are undergoing photosynthesis, carbon dioxide must be supplemented at any time. Usually, the measure for people to supplement carbon dioxide is ventilation. It can be seen that the contradiction between temperature and humidity also indirectly affects the supply of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse. the

Utility model content

The utility model provides a technical scheme of a greenhouse heat exchange and ventilation system, which includes an inner ventilation pipe and an outer ventilation pipe. In the device, one of the air inlet and the air outlet is set in the greenhouse, and the other is set outside the greenhouse. The middle part of the outer ventilation pipe contains the middle part of the inner ventilation pipe, and the outer ventilation pipe is from the air inlet to the air outlet. The flow direction at the middle of the pipe body is opposite to that of the inner ventilation pipe at the middle of the pipe body from the air inlet to the air outlet, and the inner and outer surfaces of the inner ventilation pipe contained in the pipe body are provided with heat conducting fins. In the above technical scheme, any one of the inner ventilation pipe and the outer ventilation pipe is used as the air inlet pipe, and the other is used as the air outlet pipe, because the air flow direction of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe is opposite, and the hot air in the greenhouse passes through the air outlet. When the air duct flows outward, the heat in the air is exchanged to the air in the air intake duct through the heat conduction fins on the inner and outer surfaces of the inner ventilation duct, increasing the temperature of the cold air entering the greenhouse, preventing the excessive drop of the greenhouse temperature caused by air circulation, and affecting the growth of crops. The blower device can speed up the air flow and improve the air exchange efficiency. the

Preferably, the middle part of the pipe body of the inner ventilation pipe and the outer ventilation pipe is a straight pipe, which is set at a slope of 5 to 30 degrees from the horizontal line, and the ventilation pipe is arranged on a straight line with a certain slope, which is conducive to the outward flow Outflow of condensed water formed when the hot air is lowered in temperature. the

Preferably, one of the two ventilation pipes is set to take air from the outside of the greenhouse to the inside of the greenhouse, and the air outlets of the air inlet ventilation pipes are holes distributed on the pipe body and open to the top of the greenhouse. The cold air brought by the air intake duct and heated by the outflowing hot air is still significantly lower than the original air temperature in the greenhouse. It flows directly to the surface of the crops, which will affect the growth of the crops, and flows out through the upward openings distributed on the ducts. , in the process of downward flow, the surrounding hot air will further increase its temperature, the temperature difference with the surrounding air will be reduced, and the impact on crops will be minimized. the

Preferably, the blower device is an electric fan, and the fan switch is connected to the temperature controller, or the fan switch is connected to the humidity controller, and the fan switch can also be connected to the temperature controller and the humidity controller. In this way, it can be designed as a greenhouse system that is automatically controlled according to the environmental conditions. When the temperature reaches a certain condition or the humidity reaches a certain condition, the switch is automatically turned on or turned off. the

Preferably, the air blowing device is connected to the air inlets of the inner ventilation pipe and the outer ventilation pipe, the air blowing device includes a wind direction orientator installed on the top of the greenhouse, and the wind direction orientator is provided with an air collecting port facing the incoming wind direction, The air collecting port is connected to the air inlet through an air duct. The natural wind blowing device can also be provided with a fan switch, and the fan switch is connected with the temperature controller, or the fan switch is connected with the humidity controller, or the fan switch is connected with the temperature controller and the humidity controller. In this way, in areas where there is often wind, or when limited by electric power, use the principle of aerodynamics to make a blower suction device that can turn with the wind, which is rotatably connected to the inner ventilation pipe and the outer ventilation pipe, replacing the electric ventilation pipe. blower. the

Beneficial effect

The utility model can obtain the following technical effects:

The utility model uses heat exchange to effectively store heat in the shed, and at the same time, its condensation effect on water vapor captures a large amount of energy from water vapor and converts it into the air, maximizing the utilization of energy. the

The utility model can be used for the ventilation of the shed at night, and can also be used in the daytime with insufficient light and the daytime in the alpine region to achieve the effect of reducing the humidity without lowering the temperature. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1. Cross-sectional view of the internal and external ventilation pipes;

Figure 2. Design drawing of heat exchange and ventilation system;

Marks in the figure: 1. Inner ventilation pipe fan, 2. Outer ventilation pipe fan, 3. Inner ventilation pipe, 4. Outer ventilation pipe, 5. Air outlet of the inner ventilation pipe, 6. Hole opening to the top of the greenhouse, 7. Temperature controller, 8. Humidity controller, 9. Blast device switch, 10. Heat conduction sheet

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and implement the utility model, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. the

The utility model provides a technical scheme of a greenhouse heat exchange ventilation system, as shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the heat exchange ventilation system includes an inner ventilation pipe 3 and an outer ventilation pipe 4, and an inner ventilation pipe 3 and an outer ventilation pipe 4 There are air inlets and outlets respectively, a fan 1 is installed at the air inlet of the inner ventilation pipe, a fan 2 is arranged at the air inlet of the outer ventilation pipe, the air inlet of the inner ventilation pipe is arranged outside the greenhouse, and the air outlet 5 is arranged in the greenhouse Inside, the cold air outside the greenhouse flows into the greenhouse. The air outlet of the inner ventilation pipe is the hole 6 distributed on the pipe body and opens to the top of the greenhouse; the air inlet of the outer ventilation pipe is set inside the greenhouse, and the air outlet is set outside the greenhouse. , so that the hot air in the greenhouse flows out of the greenhouse. The middle part of the pipe body of the outer ventilation pipe contains the middle part of the pipe body of the inner ventilation pipe. Contrary to the central part, the inner surface and the outer surface of the inner ventilation pipe are provided with heat conducting sheets 10 where the pipe body is contained. In this technical scheme, because the air flow direction of the air inlet duct and the air outlet duct is opposite, when the hot air in the greenhouse flows out through the air outlet duct, the heat in the air is exchanged to the inlet through the heat conducting fins 10 on the inner and outer surfaces of the inner ventilation duct. In the air in the air duct, the temperature of the cold air entering the greenhouse is increased to prevent the air circulation from causing the excessive drop in the temperature of the greenhouse and affecting the growth of crops. The air outlet of the ventilation pipe that flows into the greenhouse is the hole distributed on the pipe body that opens to the top of the greenhouse, so that the incoming cold air increases a flow process from top to bottom, and the surrounding hot air will further increase its temperature during the process. The temperature difference with the surrounding air is further reduced, and the impact on the crops is minimized. The fan can speed up the air flow and improve the air exchange efficiency. the

The middle part of the pipe body of the inner ventilation pipe 3 and the outer ventilation pipe 4 is a straight pipe, which can be set at a slope of 5 degrees to 30 degrees with the horizontal line. In this technical scheme, the slope is set to 30 degrees, and the ventilation pipe is set according to A straight line with a certain slope is conducive to the outflow of condensed water formed when the outflowing hot air lowers the temperature. the

In this technical solution, the blower device is provided with an electric switch 9, which is connected to the temperature controller 7 and the humidity controller 8, and when the temperature reaches a certain condition or the humidity reaches a certain condition, the switch is automatically turned on or off. the

In addition, this technical solution can also convert the fan into a natural blower with wind direction positioning, including a wind direction orientator installed on the top of the greenhouse. The wind direction locator has an air collection port facing the direction of the incoming wind, and the air collection port is connected to the ventilation system through the air duct. Air inlet of the tube. Like this in the area that often has wind, or when being limited to electric power, use the natural wind blowing air intake device that can turn to with wind, be rotatably connected on the inner ventilation pipe 3 and the outer ventilation pipe 4, replace electric blower. The natural blower can also be provided with an electric switch, which is connected with a temperature controller and/or a humidity controller. the

The above embodiment is only one embodiment of the utility model, and its description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation to the patent scope of the utility model. Its specific structure and size can be adjusted accordingly according to actual needs. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. the

Claims (7)

1. greenhouse heat-exchange ventilating system, ventilation duct and separate ventilation pipe in comprising, interior ventilation duct and separate ventilation pipe have air inlet and air outlet respectively, arbitrary mouthful of place of air inlet or air outlet is provided with air-blast device, one of them mouthful of air inlet and air outlet is arranged in the greenhouse, another mouthful is arranged at outside the greenhouse, it is characterized in that: the body middle part of ventilation duct in contain at the body middle part of separate ventilation pipe, the flow direction in described body center is opposite in described body center from air inlet to air outlet with interior ventilation duct from air inlet to air outlet for the separate ventilation pipe, and inner surface and outer surface that interior ventilation duct is contained the body place are provided with conducting strip.

2. greenhouse as claimed in claim 1 heat-exchange ventilating system, it is characterized in that: the body of ventilation duct and separate ventilation pipe middle part is straight tube in described, and be that 5 degree are provided with to 30 degree by gradient between the horizontal line, the straight line setting of certain slope helps the outflow of condensed water.

3. greenhouse as claimed in claim 1 heat-exchange ventilating system is characterized in that: one of them is set to two ventilation ducts from the outside, greenhouse to the inner air intake in greenhouse, and the air outlet of the ventilation duct of described air intake is the hole to the top, greenhouse of driveing that distributes on the body.

4. as claim 1,2 or 3 described greenhouse heat-exchange ventilating systems, it is characterized in that: described air-blast device is an electric fan, and fan switch is connected with temperature controller.

5. as claim 1,2 or 3 described greenhouse heat-exchange ventilating systems, it is characterized in that: described air-blast device is an electric fan, and fan switch is connected with humidity controller.

6. as claim 1,2 or 3 described greenhouse heat-exchange ventilating systems, it is characterized in that: the air inlet of ventilation duct and separate ventilation pipe in described air-blast device is connected in, described air-blast device comprises a wind direction finder that is installed on the top, greenhouse, the wind direction positioner has the collection air port in the face of the direction of the wind comes from, and the collection air port is connected to described air inlet by airduct.

7. greenhouse as claimed in claim 6 heat-exchange ventilating system, it is characterized in that: described air-blast device is provided with motor switch, described motor switch is connected with temperature controller, and perhaps motor switch is connected with humidity controller, and perhaps motor switch is connected with humidity controller with temperature controller.

Images