JPS59222211A - Dehumidifier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a dehumidifier suitable for a hothouse and having an excellent dehumidifying effect which is convenient with small loss of heat by proviing a casing, containing the material obtained by adhering a highly water absorbing polymer to fibrous matter and laminating, and a blower. CONSTITUTION:A highly water absorbing polymer, obtained by graft polymerizing acrylonitrile to starch, for example, and hydrolyzing, is adhered to a air permeable material 6 such as Japanese paper to obtain a hygroscopic member. Many hygroscopic members 6 are fixed to a support 7' and arranged in the casing 7. Highly humid air is sent in from an inflow port 9, and dehumidified by passing between the hygroscopic members 6. The dried air is discharged from a discharge port.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a dehumidifying device, and particularly to a dehumidifying device suitable for dehumidifying a greenhouse.

[Background of the invention]

Greenhouses tend to become humid, and this tendency has become stronger in recent years, especially with improvements in insulation covering technology, which is disliked by all growers as it leads to a decline in the quality of plants. Ventilation is the quickest way to reduce indoor humidity, but this has the disadvantage that the indoor high-temperature energy is also washed away. There is also a method using a total heat exchanger, but at present the thermal efficiency (enthalpy efficiency) is low at less than 50%. Next, heating with a wheeler or the like can partially reduce the relative humidity, but this has the disadvantage of consuming a considerable amount of oil. Furthermore, although electric dehumidifiers using a refrigeration cycle are used near mosquitoes, they are relatively expensive and consume a considerable amount of electrical energy, and the conventional methods have many points to be improved.

[Purpose of the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a dehumidifying device that is highly effective in dehumidifying, is simple, and has low heat loss.

[Political details of the invention]

The present invention focuses on super absorbent polymers as moisture absorbing materials,
This is made into a structure in which it is most likely to absorb moisture by spreading it into fibers, etc., and by stacking a large number of these, storing them in a box, and further combining them with an air blower, the desired dehumidifying device is made.

Super absorbent polymers can be obtained, for example, as a semi-synthetic product by grafting acrylonitrile onto Tenbun and then applying water, or as a synthetic product, by copolymerizing vinyl acetate and methyl acrylate and saponifying it with an alkali. There are things you can get. Super absorbent polymers have high moisture absorption and moisture release properties (breathability) even at room temperature and in the atmosphere, making them ideal for energy-saving humidity control.
Because it sometimes has high adhesive properties, it is ideal for forming paper, cloth, etc. into any shape of moisture-absorbing material, making it an extremely effective material for controlling agricultural environments such as greenhouses. be.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between a moisture-absorbing material and a ventilation material sandwiching it, where 1 is a granular super absorbent polymer, 2 is Japanese paper, and 3 is a powder-like material. It is a super absorbent polymer. With this configuration, the contact area between the hygroscopic material and the air can be maximized, and the hygroscopic material can be properly fixed, resulting in a dehumidifying material that can withstand repeated use over a long period of time. In order to more completely fix the ventilation material 2, it is preferable to attach or sew at important points at appropriate pitches. The method for applying this polymer to Japanese paper is to first absorb water and moisten the Japanese paper, then sprinkle a thin layer of polymer on top of it, then cover it with another piece of Japanese paper and pressurize it. The polymer absorbs some of the water in the washi paper and turns it into a sol, making it sticky and making it stick well. Alternatively, you can dissolve this polymer in water, make it into a sol, apply it to Japanese paper, etc., then stick another piece of Japanese paper on top of this, and then dry the whole thing to the extent that the polymer does not gel. The adhesive effect of this polymer ensures that both Japanese papers are in a bonded state.

Next, Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an example in which a moisture-absorbing material is directly attached to the fiber isoelements, and Fig. 2 (a) shows, for example, a thread in which granular super-absorbent polymer is attached in the form of beads. This is an example of the granular material being attached in series, and as an application of this, it is also good to attach the granular material to the bonding points of the network fibers.

(B) is an example in which a superabsorbent polymer is attached to a wire in the form of a rod. With this configuration, the contact area between the moisture-absorbing material and the air is larger than in the example shown in FIG. 1, and the potash and moisture removal efficiency is improved.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which the above-mentioned moisture-absorbing materials are stacked or folded as appropriate to increase the overall dehumidifying ability. Arrows indicate air flow. Furthermore, in the present invention, as will be described later, the dehumidification operation and the regeneration operation may use exactly the same ventilation mode, and therefore only one ventilation operation is required, so that the device can be realized in an extremely simple manner.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment as a dehumidifying device. In FIG. 4(A), a large number of moisture-absorbing materials 6 are installed inside the box 7, attached to supports 7', and a blower 8, an inlet 9, and an outlet 10 are provided, respectively. The structure is equipped with a weighing scale 22 for measuring the weight of the support 7' including the support 7', and when a dehumidifying operation is performed using this, humid air flows in from 9 and is dehumidified by passing between 6. 1
Dry air will be discharged from 0. or,(
B) is an example of installation in a large greenhouse or the like, and a dry air dispersion duct 11 is connected to the discharge port. The duct 11 has many holes and serves to uniformly diffuse dry air over a wide space.

The above was mainly about the dehumidification function, but
The playback function will be explained below.

That is, after absorbing moisture, the moisture-absorbing material needs to be regenerated by releasing moisture in some way in order to be used repeatedly. Normally, the dehumidification operation is performed at night, and on the other hand, the humidity inside the room is relatively low during the day, so the regeneration operation may be performed during the day.

The easiest way to do this is to continue driving during the day in the example shown in FIG. 4, which is the simplest method.

However, the humidity inside the room increases to some extent because the moisture is released into the room. Next, the example shown in FIG. 5 is a method of using outside air with lower humidity, which has the advantage of not increasing indoor humidity. FIG. 5(A) shows a method in which an outside air introduction duct 13 is provided at the intake port, and the switching valve 14 is used to switch between this and the indoor air inlet 9. By doing this, the hygroscopic material 6 is well regenerated by the low humidity and fresh outside air, and the effect of fertilizing the greenhouse with CO2 is also produced, so the #IS combination is good.

In this example as well, moisture is released into the greenhouse from 6, but since outside air is mixed in, an increase in indoor temperature due to regeneration is hardly a problem. The effect will be further improved if the duct 13 is made of metal and fins 13' are attached to the indoor portion. FIG. 5(b) is an example in which a method for reducing heat loss accompanying the introduction of outside air is added. That is,
The outside air introduction duct 16 has a double structure, with the outer peripheral passage serving as an introduction passage and the central passage serving as a discharge passage.

The flow path switching to these ducts is effected by switching valves 14,15. That is, as the outside air, which has lower humidity but also lower temperature, exchanges heat with the warmer discharge air as it passes through the duct 16, the temperature rises, and the relative humidity further decreases, causing the regeneration operation to fail. flows in under favorable conditions, so the efficiency of regeneration is greatly improved.

On the other hand, the air that has absorbed moisture through regeneration passes through the discharge path.
While exchanging heat with the outside air, the greenhouse cools down and is released outside, so in the end, the heat from the greenhouse that accompanies the regeneration is stopped in the corner. The so-called 16 serves as a total heat exchanger.

Note that 17 is a discharge port used when it is necessary to pass indoor air directly through 16 to warm the incoming air.
For example, if the temperature inside the dehumidifier becomes too low and the regeneration efficiency decreases, the regeneration efficiency can be restored by operating it using the heat from the greenhouse.

Several other examples will be described. That is, (1) if the box of the dehumidifying device is made transparent and the dehumidifying element 6 is made black, the storage of energy during the daytime increases, the efficiency of moisture release improves, and this becomes convenient for regeneration operation.

(2) In addition to the method described above, an effective method for adding energy for regeneration is to connect an air-type heat collector to an outside air introduction duct, raise the temperature of the outside air even further, and then introduce it into the device. (3) In some cases, it may be possible to carry out only the moisture absorbing element of the entire dehumidifying device 2 outside to release moisture and dry it, and for this purpose, a moving device such as casters may be attached to the bottom of the box. Further, it is convenient to use a cassette system, for example, so that the elements can be easily put in and taken out of the case and converted. (4
) To display the saturation status or regeneration status of the dehumidifier,
It is best to attach a spring balance and a weight scale such as a load cell.

As a result, if a certain device becomes saturated during dehumidification operation, it becomes possible to immediately operate a spare device or cassette, and on the other hand, during regeneration operation, depending on the regeneration situation, the above-mentioned several types of regeneration methods can be used at any time. These options lead to energy-saving operation. (5
) Regeneration efficiency decreases when both indoor and outdoor temperatures are low and humidity is high, such as on cloudy days, so regeneration efficiency can be maintained by attaching an auxiliary heater to the device and adding auxiliary energy. (6) If the moisture-absorbing material is made into a foldable structure that can be opened and closed on the body, it can be taken out at night and stretched, and then contracted during the day and sealed tightly against the body. Since there is no need to run the device and there is no risk of causing carcinogenic energy effects, and there is no agitation of the indoor air, evaporation of water vapor from the ground surface can be suppressed to a minimum, thus reducing the overall humidity. This results in an effect that can cause the loss of energy to decline more quickly. (7) In order to reduce the air flow velocity near the ground surface as much as possible and suppress water vapor dissipation from the ground surface, install a dissipation duct and an intake duct near the ceiling as shown in Fig. 4 or 5. It is also effective to do so. Finally, the indoor opening degree and moisture absorption/release (effects) in a series of operations of dehumidification and regeneration will be explained with reference to FIG. That is, the horizontal axis represents time T (hours), and the vertical axis represents the weight W (g) of the dehumidifying element and the indoor humidity RI-T (%). Now, when the night humidity sensor 21 and the controller 18 start dehumidifying operation at time T1 when the humidity is high (95% or more), the weight W of the moisture absorbing material gradually increases as the moisture absorption increases. Humidity RH due to the inverse relationship
decreases as shown in (b). If there is no dehumidifying operation during this period, the humidity will remain at almost 100% as shown in (a), so the operation of this device can prevent the humidity from becoming too humid at night.

(11) Next, at time T2 after 9 o'clock in the morning, for example, the indoor temperature becomes high and low (8o% or less), so if you start the regeneration operation here, the absorbent material will release moisture. Accordingly, the weight W gradually decreases.On the other hand, the humidity RH in the room does not increase significantly due to this amount of moisture released, so no particular problem occurs. Therefore, this regeneration operation completes preparations for the next dehumidification operation (time T3).

In this way, a cycle of dehumidification and regeneration is permanently possible by simply operating the blower. In other words, by operating this device all day long, it is possible to maintain indoor humidity within a moderate range, neither too much nor too little.In other words, it has the effect of acting as a humidity buffer. Recognize.

Note that the present invention can also be effectively used as a dehumidifying device for a living space.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a highly water-absorbent polymer as a moisture-absorbing material is sandwiched between breathable materials to form a thin plate structure, and a large number of these are laminated into a box, and a blower (12) is further incorporated. Since the configuration is similar, when installed and operated in a greenhouse, a high dehumidifying effect can be obtained at night with extremely low power consumption, and during the day, with the same low input power, it can be operated at greenhouse temperature levels. Therefore, a truly energy-saving dehumidification/regeneration cycle can be realized.

Furthermore, it has many advantages such as being simple in structure, durable for repeated use over a long period of time, and inexpensive.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 (a) and 1 (b) are cross-sectional views showing the relationship between the moisture-absorbing material and the breathable material sandwiching it; Figure 2 (a);
Figure 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the moisture absorbing material is attached directly to the fiber isoelements, and Figures 3 (a) and 3 (b) show how the moisture absorbing material is piled up as appropriate to expand the dehumidification capacity. An explanatory diagram of an example, Figures 4 (a) and 4 (b) are conceptual diagrams showing an example of a dehumidification system, and Figures 5 (a) and 5 (b) are regeneration operation using outside air. 6(a) and 6(b) are diagrams showing the cycle operation of dehumidification and regeneration and the effects of moisture absorption and desorption. 1... Granular hygroscopic material, 2... Breathable material, 3...
Powder (13) Moisture-absorbing material, 4... Strand wire, 5... Deposited moisture-absorbing material,
6... Moisture-absorbing material, 7... Box, 8... Air blower, 9
...Intake port, 10...Discharge port, 11...Diffusion duct, 12...Greenhouse, 13...Outside air introduction duct, 1
4.15...Flow path switching valve, 16...Outside air introduction duct, 17...Indoor air discharge port, 18...Controller, 19
．． 20... Outdoor and indoor temperature sensors, 21...
- Humidity sensor, 22... Weight sensor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A dehumidifying device characterized by housing a dehumidifying member in a box having an intake port and an exhaust port, and having a blower for blowing air around the dehumidifying member. 2. The dehumidifying device according to claim 1, wherein the dehumidifying member is formed into a plate shape by sandwiching a powdery or granular highly hygroscopic material between bales of a breathable material such as cloth or paper. 3. The dehumidifying member is a patent in which the moisture absorbing material is a powdered super absorbent polymer, which is then liquefied and impregnated into cloth or paper, which is then sandwiched between breathable materials on both sides. A dehumidifying device according to claim 1. 4. The dehumidifying member has a structure in which the moisture absorbing material is a powdered super absorbent polymer, which is impregnated or deposited on the side of a breathable material, and another breathable material is pasted so that this surface is on the inside. A dehumidifying device according to claim 1, which is a dehumidifying device. 5. The dehumidifying member has a structure in which the moisture-absorbing material is a granular super-absorbent polymer, which is spread between breathable materials, or which is sandwiched between breathable materials. dehumidifier. 6. The dehumidifying device according to claim 1, wherein the dehumidifying member has a structure in which the moisture-absorbing material is a granular super-absorbent polymer, which is attached to a wire such as fiber or wire. 7. The dehumidifying device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the breathable material is Japanese paper.