JP2000157068A - Air conditioning and air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioning method suitable for greenhouse in which a room of a greenhouse is air-conditioned under humidification while dehumidifying to retain a proper humidity with a simple apparatus, and to provide the apparatus. SOLUTION: This method humidifies necessary water as fog to the room while removes the water in the moisturized air in the room by a dehumidifying mean such as gas demarcation membrane type vapor-liquid separator or the like, atomizer type nozzles 2 are selected for common nozzles 2 utilizing compressed air to atomize a liquid, and used for humidifying and dehumidifying or the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The planting of plants such as vegetables, flowers, rice, fruit trees and the like is being industrialized, and the present invention provides a method suitable for controlling the temperature and humidity of a horticultural greenhouse for cultivating such plants. The present invention relates to an air conditioning method and an apparatus mainly adopting humidification and cooling, and not only to a greenhouse for horticulture but also to a storage, a factory or a poultry or sericulture where humidification is allowed. The present invention relates to an air conditioning method and apparatus applicable to aquaculture, etc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In so-called house cultivation in a greenhouse, in order to provide an optimum environment for growing plants,
Cooling other than heating came to be performed,
For cooling, cooling by a refrigerator and evaporative cooling, which cools a room by heat of vaporization by humidification by a sprayer, are applied, and most of heating uses oil as fuel.

[0003]

As for the cooling, the cooling by the refrigerator has the disadvantage that the equipment cost is high and the noise is generated. The evaporative cooling has the advantage that the equipment cost and the operation cost are low. On the other hand, it is necessary to perform natural ventilation by opening and closing windows or forced ventilation with a ventilation fan to maintain moderate humidity while avoiding excessive humidity,
When the humidity of the outside air is high, it is not possible to control the humidity by ventilation.Therefore, in regions with many seasons of high humidity, not only the application period of evaporative cooling is limited, but also the disadvantage that profitability is low. Yes, and oil-fired heating
Not only is handling inconvenient, but automatic control is complicated.

It is conceivable to use a dehumidifier in combination with humidification and cooling. However, if a dehumidification type is adopted as a dehumidification device by dew condensation due to cooling, the cost is increased as in the case of cooling with a refrigerator, and the humidification and cooling is not only increased. Becomes meaningless.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an air conditioning method and apparatus which performs humidification of a room and at the same time performs cooling by the humidification while performing dehumidification for maintaining proper humidity. Another object is to provide an air conditioning method and apparatus capable of performing humidification and cooling and dehumidification with relatively simple equipment, and yet another object is to provide an oil conditioning method in addition to humidification and cooling. It is an object of the present invention to provide an air conditioning method and apparatus capable of performing heating that can be easily handled and automatically controlled without causing any problem.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention humidifies by supplying necessary moisture to a room by means of fine mist and separates the moisture in the humid air in the room as necessary. The air is removed by a dehumidifying means such as a membrane type gas-liquid separator, and for heating, hot air is supplied by an air high-speed rotating hot air generator or the like.
As a common nozzle used for dehumidification, heating, etc., an air atomization type nozzle that atomizes liquid using pressurized air is adopted.

In cooling, when fine fog is supplied to the room, in addition to humidification and irrigation, the room temperature is lowered by heat of vaporization due to humidification, and when the humidity becomes excessive due to humidification, the humidified air is removed by dehumidifying means. The air is dehumidified into dry air and returned to the room. If a gas separation membrane type gas-liquid separator is adopted as the dehumidifying means, the super-humid air is introduced into the gas-liquid separator, and in the process of passing through the gas-liquid separator,
The moisture is separated into dry air without dew condensation, and the air is returned to the room.

[0008] In the case of heating, if an air high-speed rotating hot-air generator is adopted, pressurized air is rotated at an ultra-high speed in a rotating chamber under equipment that does not require moving parts.
A pressure difference is generated between the outer peripheral portion and the central portion, and a temperature difference is generated due to expansion due to the movement of air to the central portion due to the pressure difference. Wind is obtained, and the hot air is supplied indoors.

[0009]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention applied to a greenhouse for horticulture.

As a horticultural greenhouse to which the present invention is applied, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, air atomization capable of spraying fine mist having a particle size of several to several tens μm into a greenhouse 1 is shown in FIG. The nozzles 2 of the mold are installed at appropriate places, and these nozzles 2 are supplied with pressurized water from a pressurized water supply source 3 such as a pump via a water supply line 6 having a pressure regulator 4 and a water supply electromagnetic switching valve 5 in a timely manner. At the same time, an air supply line 9 having an electromagnetic on-off valve 8 for supplying air from a compressed air supply source 7 such as a compressor.
And pressurized air is supplied in a timely manner,
Adopt a type that can be used for water supply, nutrient supply, and chemical spraying to cultivated plants by fine mist sprayed to a desired area in the inside.

As a special configuration of the present invention for the above type, as shown in FIG. 1, a three-way valve 10 is provided on the intake side of a pressurized air supply source 7 and an intake pipe 11 for taking in room air from the greenhouse 1 is connected. In addition, the main on-off valve 1 is connected to the air supply line 9 connected to the atmospheric air intake section 12 and close to the pressurized air supply source 7.
And a humidification circuit 16 in which an electromagnetic on-off valve 14 and a pressure regulator 15 are provided in series.
The dehumidifying circuit 18 having a dehumidifier 17 and the heating circuit 20 having a hot air generator 19 are provided with a humidifying circuit 16 so that air can be supplied in a timely manner under an arbitrary pressure. The dehumidification circuit 18 and the heating circuit 2 are provided in parallel.
In addition to 0, electromagnetic opening / closing valves 21 and 22 are separately provided, and a ball valve 23 is additionally provided if necessary. A switching valve may be provided at a branch point instead of the electromagnetic on-off valves 14, 21, 22.

As the dehumidifier 17, it is appropriate to adopt a dehumidifier adopting a gas separation membrane system using a polymer hollow fiber membrane which easily permeates water vapor but hardly permeates air. A membrane dryer manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd. as shown in FIG. 2 is preferable. This dryer has a shell 26 having an inlet 24 and an outlet 25 at both ends and a number of polymer hollow fiber membranes 27 provided therein, and a drain port 28 provided on a side portion thereof. In the process of passing through the inside of the membrane 27, water (water vapor) permeating outside the hollow fiber membrane 27 is caused to flow out from the drain port 28, and at the same time, dried air is sent out from the outlet 25, and the dry air obtained from the outlet 25 Can be supplied into the greenhouse 1.

As the hot-air generator 19, an air high-speed rotary type that uses pressurized air to rotate at high speed in a generator in a rotating chamber and uses a temperature difference at the time of expansion caused by air movement based on a pressure difference between the inner and outer circumferences. It is appropriate to adopt a hot-air generator, for example, as shown in FIG.
It is advantageous in having no moving parts. This hot air generator has a cold air outlet 29 and a hot air outlet 30 at both ends.
A rotating chamber 32 is provided inside a shell 31 having an air supply port, and an air supply port 33 communicating with the rotating chamber 32 is provided. Pressurized air is supplied from the air supply port 33 into the rotating chamber 32 so that A vortex is generated by rotating at a very high speed of 200,000 to 300,000 RPM, and a large pressure difference is generated between the outer peripheral portion and the central portion of the vortex. A difference is generated, so that the cool air in the center is released into the atmosphere from the cool air exhaust port 29 and the hot air obtained from the hot air outlet 30 can be supplied into the greenhouse 1.

In the greenhouse 1, a temperature sensor 34 and a humidity sensor 35 are installed at appropriate places, and a control device 36 is provided by a computer. Detection signals from the sensors 34 and 35 are input to the control device 36, Sensor 34,
The operation of various facilities and the opening and closing of the on-off valve are controlled by the output signal of the control device 36 based on the detection result of 35, and the spraying of fine fog from the nozzle 2 or the air only The supply of the spray air or the dehumidifier 18 is performed by selectively opening and closing the atmosphere by squirting and switching the three-way valve 10 and selectively opening and closing the electromagnetic on-off valves 14, 21 and 22 of the humidification circuit 16, the dehumidification circuit 19 and the heating circuit 20.
Supply of dry air or hot air from the hot-air generator 20 is selectively performed, and the humidity and temperature in the greenhouse 1 are maintained at desired predetermined values.

With the above configuration, during humidification and cooling, the air intake section 12 is opened at the same time as closing the intake pipe line 11 side of the three-way valve 10, and the compressor as the pressurized air supply source 7 and the pump as the pressurized water supply source 3 With the solenoid valves 21 and 22 closed, the pressure of the pressure regulator 15 and the pressure of the pressure regulator 4 in the water supply line 6 are set, and the solenoid valve 14 is opened to open the humidification circuit 17 to supply water. The air supply through the air line 9 and the water supply through the water supply line 6 are started, and the electromagnetic air supply opening / closing valve 8 is opened and the water supply electromagnetic opening / closing valve 5 is opened to supply water through the water supply line 6 and the air supply line. With the air supplied by the nozzle 9, fine mist is sprayed from the nozzle 2 to perform humidification and cooling, and the temperature is controlled by the temperature sensor 34 and the control device 36 in the greenhouse 1.

At the time of dehumidification, the air intake section 12 of the three-way valve 10 is closed, and at the same time, the intake pipe 11 side is opened, and the compressor as the pressurized air supply source 7 is operated without operating the pump as the pressurized water supply source 3. Is operated, and while the electromagnetic on-off valves 14 and 22 are closed, the electromagnetic on-off valve 2 is closed.
1, the dehumidification circuit 18 is activated, the water supply electromagnetic on-off valve 5 is closed, and at the same time the air supply electromagnetic on-off valve 8 is opened, and the dry air dehumidified by the dehumidifier 17 is supplied to the air supply line 9. Through the nozzle 2 through the greenhouse 1
The humidity is controlled by a humidity sensor 35 and a control device 36 in the inside.

At the time of heating, the air intake section 12 of the three-way valve 10 is closed, and at the same time, the side of the intake pipe 11 is opened, and the compressor as the pressurized air supply source 7 is operated without operating the pump as the pressurized water supply source 3. Is operated, and while the electromagnetic on-off valves 14 and 21 are closed, the electromagnetic on-off valve 2
2, the heating circuit 18 is activated, and the water supply electromagnetic on-off valve 5 is closed. At the same time, the air supply electromagnetic on-off valve 8 is opened, and the air heated by the hot air generator 19 is supplied to the air supply pipe. The gas is supplied from the passage 9 to the nozzle 2 and ejected, and the temperature is controlled by the temperature sensor 34 and the control device 36 in the greenhouse 1.

As the nozzle 2, various types can be adopted as long as it is an air spray type. In short, any type can be used as long as it can jet only air.

In addition to the above, the fine mist from the spray nozzle 2 is preliminarily mixed with nitrogen, oxygen, ozone, etc. to sterilize crops,
It is desirable to promote disinfection and growth, and therefore, the turbine pump 44 having a stirring and mixing function in the water supply line 6.
, An addition pipe 45 is attached to the suction side thereof, and a gas switching valve 46 is connected to the addition pipe 45. As the gas switching valve 46, a nitrogen gas supply valve 47, an oxygen supply valve 4
8. A plurality of on-off valves such as an ozone supply valve 49 are provided side by side,
By connecting to each gas supply source and selectively opening these supply valves, gases such as nitrogen gas, oxygen and ozone are added and mixed in the pump 44 to the water supplied by the water supply line 6. Be able to do it.

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The following effects can be obtained.

The interior of the room is humidified by spraying water using a nozzle, and the interior of the room is cooled by humidification and cooling by the heat of vaporization, and when the interior of the room is over-humidified, the indoor air is dehumidified by a dehumidifier. Therefore, it is possible to prevent over-humidification at a lower equipment cost than in the case of cooling by a refrigerator, and thus it is possible to easily perform humidification cooling in a high humidity season.

In the dehumidification, a gas separation membrane type dehumidifier using a polymer hollow fiber membrane that is permeable to water vapor but difficult to permeate air is used. Dehumidification can be easily performed without using any suitable equipment.

A nozzle 2 of the air atomization type is provided, and the nozzle 2 ejects one or both of a liquid and a gas using a common nozzle in any of the humidifying operation, the dehumidifying operation, and the heating operation. Therefore, the structure is simple and the equipment cost is low. Further, for an existing facility in which humidification is performed using an air atomization type nozzle, a dehumidification circuit 18 or a heating circuit is required. Only by adding 20 and its related facilities, appropriate dehumidification or heating can be performed, which is extremely economical.

A humidification circuit 16 and a dehumidification circuit 1
8 and a heating circuit 20 are arranged in parallel so as to be selectively switched by an on-off valve, and a three-way switching valve 10 is provided on the intake side of the pressurized air supply source 7 to take in indoor air. Since the air intake unit 11 and the air intake unit 12 are connected, each operation of humidification, dehumidification, and heating can be easily switched under the switching of the valve.

As a hot air generator 19 provided in the heating circuit 20, high-speed air is generated by rotating pressurized air at a high speed in a generator in a rotating chamber and utilizing a temperature difference at the time of expansion caused by movement of air based on a pressure difference between the inside and outside. The adoption of a rotary hot-air generator not only facilitates heating under a simple structure with no moving parts, but also improves handling and Maintenance is extremely simple.

A pump 44 having a stirring and mixing function is provided in the water supply line 6, an addition pipe 45 is provided on the suction side thereof, and gas switching for selectively supplying a plurality of gases to the addition pipe 45 is performed. Since the valve 46 is provided, nitrogen, oxygen, ozone, and the like can be mixed in advance into the fine mist from the spray nozzle 2 and sterilization, disinfection, and growth promotion of the crop can be achieved.

[0027]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram illustrating a greenhouse to which the apparatus of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a partially broken side view illustrating a dehumidifier.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view illustrating a hot air generator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Greenhouse 2 Nozzle 3 Pressurized water supply source 5 On-off valve 6 Water supply line 7 Pressurized air supply source 8 On-off valve 9 Air supply line 10 Switching valve 11 Intake line 12 Atmospheric intake part 16 Humidification circuit 17 Dehumidifier 18 Dehumidification circuit 19 Heat Hot air generator 20 Heating circuit 27 Polymer hollow fiber membrane 32 Rotating chamber 44 Pump 45 Addition pipe 46 Gas switching valve

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A room is humidified by spraying water using an air atomizing type nozzle for atomizing a liquid using pressurized air, and the room is cooled by humidification cooling by vaporization heat. An air conditioning method suitable for a horticultural greenhouse in which when a room is in a humid state, humidified air is dehumidified by a dehumidifier and then ejected from the nozzle. 2. In the dehumidification, water vapor is easily transmitted.
The air conditioning method according to claim 1, wherein a gas separation membrane type dehumidifier using a polymer hollow fiber membrane that does not easily transmit air is used. 3. An air atomizing type nozzle (2) is provided, and pressurized water is supplied to the nozzle (2) from a pressurized water supply source (3) through a water supply line (6) having an on-off valve (5). In addition to being able to supply the pressurized air in a timely manner, the pressurized air can be supplied in a timely manner from the pressurized air supply source (7) via an air supply line (9) having an on-off valve (8). And a humidification circuit (16) and a dehumidification circuit (1)
8) are arranged in parallel so that they can be selectively switched by an on-off valve, and a switching valve (10) is further provided on the intake side of the pressurized air supply source (7).
An air conditioner, wherein an air intake line (11) for taking in room air and an atmospheric air intake section (12) are connected to 0). 4. A dehumidifier (1) provided in a dehumidification circuit (18).
The air conditioner according to claim 3, wherein a gas separation membrane type dehumidifier using a polymer hollow fiber membrane (27) that easily permeates water vapor but hardly permeates air is adopted as 7). 5. The humidifying circuit (16) and the dehumidifying circuit (18) provided in parallel with each other so that the heating circuit (20) can be selectively switched by an on-off valve. Air conditioner. 6. A hot air generator (19) provided in a heating circuit (20), wherein pressurized air is rotated at high speed in a generator in a rotating chamber (32), and is generated by movement of air based on a pressure difference between the inside and the outside. The air conditioner according to claim 5, wherein an air high-speed rotating hot air generator that utilizes a temperature difference during expansion is adopted. 7. A pump (44) having a function of stirring and mixing is provided in a water supply pipe (6), an addition pipe (45) is provided on the suction side thereof, and gas is supplied to the addition pipe (45). 7. A switching valve (46) is connected, and a plurality of on-off valves for gas supply are arranged in parallel with the gas switching valve (46) and connected to respective gas supply sources. An air conditioner according to the item.