JPH01235524A - Fully controlled plant factory - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the title plant ranch so designated that growing beds, lighting units, rails and rollers are combined so as to be acted in a specific fashion in a house capable of air conditioning, thereby controlling the plant growing environment to an optimum state and ensuring hydroponics to be performed. CONSTITUTION:The objective plant ranch is constructed as follows: a house is made airtight from the exterior and provided with an air conditioner to regulate the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration within the house. Also, growing beds and lighting units to illuminate light on the plant are installed in the house. Furthermore, said house is provided with rails for arranging the beds with said beds loaded thereon and rollers for moving said beds along the rails. In this plant ranch, the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and light necessary for photosynthesis can be controlled, and nitrients necessary for the plant can be fed in the form of a liquid regulated to such component concentration as to be suitable for plant growth.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Application Field" This invention is a completely controlled hα system that performs hydroponic cultivation in a state where the plant growing environment such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, illuminance, and fertilizer solution concentration is controlled. It's about a factory.

"Prior Art and its Problems" Conventionally, when cultivating crops such as vegetables, a so-called hydroponic cultivation method is known, in which crops are grown using a nutrient solution containing dissolved fertilizer without using soil.

This water 1) F cultivation is carried out for the purpose of reducing soil fertility in open field cultivation, avoiding continuous cropping failure, pest damage, labor saving automation of cultivation, and increasing production.
Although the production cost is higher than that of open field cultivation, it is used as a method for growing vegetables such as leafy vegetables because it is easy to adjust nutrients and dispose of residual roots.

By the way, for leafy vegetables etc., after the temperature is 20℃, the humidity is 80%.
When cultivated in an environment where the carbon dioxide concentration is 2 to 3 times that of normal air, the growth rate is the fastest and the nutritional value is also high. In addition, plants can grow without problems if they are irradiated with light in the wavelength range necessary for photosynthesis without being exposed to sunlight, so by constantly irradiating them with light from a lamp or the like, it is possible to increase the number of plants from the outside. ! It is also possible to grow them in a sheltered space in better conditions than outdoors.

For this reason, in recent years, cultivation has been carried out in a building where the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration are controlled by computers, etc., and the heat of the irradiated light and the component concentration of the supplied nutrient solution have been controlled. It is thought that cultivation in the environment most suitable for the growth of hagfish is considered. When crops are cultivated in this way, the price of the crops increases due to the increase in production costs, so it is necessary to cultivate a large amount of crops at one time, and the harvested crops must be kept fresh. It is necessary to increase the value of a single product by supplying it before consumption, and for this purpose, seedlings are cultivated in sequence with staggered germination times, thereby allowing crops to be harvested in sequence with staggered harvest times. is desirable.

This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is a completely controlled type that allows plants to be cultivated by controlling the growth environment to the most suitable state for growth, and to harvest the plants sequentially by staggering the harvest time. The purpose is to provide a plant factory.

[Means for Solving the Problems] This invention makes the inside of the building airtight from the outside (1), and provides air conditioning equipment to control the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration inside the building. A cultivation bed for cultivating plants indoors and a lighting device that emits IiQ light to the plants are provided,
Furthermore, rails are laid in the building for arranging the cultivation beds, and the cultivation beds are provided with rollers that move along the rails.

"Function" In the fully controlled plant factory of this invention, the inside of the building is airtight with the outside, and air conditioning equipment is installed to control the indoor temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration. By installing a cultivation bed for cultivating plants and a lighting device that irradiates the plants with light, the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, and light necessary for photosynthesis around the plants can be controlled. can be given as a nutrient solution with the concentration of ingredients adjusted to suit the growth of plants.
Thereby, the plant growing environment can be controlled to the most suitable state for plant growth, and the plants can be grown in a sterile state.

Moreover, by laying a rail in which the cultivation bed is arranged in a state in which it is placed in the building, and by providing a roller on the cultivation bed that moves along the rail, the cultivation bed can be moved along the guide. It is now possible to move the cultivation beds side by side, and as a result, the cultivation beds can be moved sequentially according to the growth stage of the seedlings, and cultivation beds can be placed behind them in order, and crops can be sequentially harvested from the cultivation beds that have been moved. It is possible to harvest.

"Example" First, the eighth example shows a simplified system for water ul cultivation carried out in a fully controlled plant factory of the present invention.
This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 18 to 18.

Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the germination device 1 and the rail 2 are
and the rail 3 are arranged in a straight line, and a plurality of cultivation beds 4 for raising seedlings are placed on the rail 2. At the same time, a plurality of cultivation beds 5 for growing are placed on the rails 3, and these cultivation beds 4.5 are made movable along each of the rails 2.3. do.

When cultivating plants using such water cultivation equipment, a plurality of seeds are germinated by a germination device 1, and the germinated seeds are planted in a cultivation bot 6 as shown in FIG. This cultivation bot 6 is made of a plus deck, and has a double-layer structure in which an upper bot S is removably fitted into a lower bot 7. In the lower bot 7, a plurality of bot parts 9 are arranged at predetermined intervals, and a flange-shaped part IO is formed at the edge of each pot part 9, and each pot part 9 is connected through the flange-shaped part IO. connected,
Hole at the bottom of 6-pot part 9! 1 is formed.

The upper bottom part 8 has a flange part 12 formed at its edge, and an opening part 13 which is passed through the bottom part and opens wide downward. When planting germinated seeds in this cultivation bot 6, as shown in FIG. do.

After planting the germinated seeds in a plurality of cultivation bots 6 in this way, these cultivation bots 6 are placed in a cultivation bed 4 for raising seedlings.
Placed within. This cultivation bed 4 is shown in Figures 11 and 12.
As shown in the figure, a rectangular container-shaped seedbed 16 is housed inside a frame I5 that is assembled into a rectangular shape and has a side part and a bottom part. A roller I7 for moving this cultivation bed 4 is attached to the bottom of the cultivation bed 5. The seedbed 16 is shaped like a container with a shallow bottom, and has side grooves 18 at both ends for storing the nutrient solution, and a horizontal section I through which the nutrient solution flows between the side grooves 18.
9 is provided, each gutter above! A discharge pipe 20 is provided at the bottom of the nutrient solution 8 to discharge the nutrient solution and expand and contract vertically to raise the nutrient solution level to 51M. This cultivation bed 4
A positioning member 21 for determining the position of each of the cultivation bots 6 is arranged on the horizontal portion 19 of the cultivation bot 6 . This positioning member 21 is a positioning bot 2 into which the bot part 6 is fitted.
A plurality of positioning pots 22 are arranged vertically and horizontally, and a hole 23 is formed in the bottom of each of these positioning pots 22, and each positioning pot part 22 is arranged at intervals such that each pot part 9 is fitted into every other pot part. There is.

When arranging the valley cultivation pots using this positioning member 21, as shown in FIG.
are directed in opposite directions so that the upper bots 8 housed in these cultivation bots 6 are separated from each other. In addition, when raising seedlings, this cultivation bed 4 is in a state in which the discharge pipe 20 provided in one side gutter 18 is closed and the upper end of the discharge pipe 20 provided in the other side gutter I8 is adjusted to a predetermined height. A faucet 24 for supplying a nutrient solution is disposed above one side gutter 18.

After doing this, the cultivation bed 4 is placed on the rail 2, the cultivation bed 4 is moved along the rail 2, and the faucet 24 is placed above the one side gutter 18,
The nutrient solution is made to flow into one side gutter 18 from this faucet 24.

In this way, the nutrient solution once stored in one side gutter 18 becomes a laminar flow and flows horizontally! 9, this nutrient solution is discharged from the upper end of the discharge pipe 20 provided in the other side gutter I8, and the liquid level of the nutrient solution is adjusted to a predetermined height. In this case, the nutrient solution flowing above the horizontal KS+9 passes through the hole 23 of the positioning bot 22 and the hole 11 of the lower bob door and reaches the roots of the seedling housed in the upper pot s, as shown in FIG. Supplied.

After a predetermined period of time has elapsed in this state, this cultivation bed 4 is moved by a predetermined amount of movement along the rail 2, and another cultivation bed 4 is sequentially placed behind the moved cultivation bed 4. Hereafter, these cultivation beds 4
is moved every time a predetermined period of time elapses, and the position of each cultivation bed 4 is changed according to the growth stage of the seedlings. When these cultivation beds 4 have been moved to predetermined positions, the cultivation bots 6 arranged in the cultivation beds 4 are rearranged to space the cultivation bots 6 apart, as shown in FIG. Then, the seedlings are grown by sequentially moving the cultivation bed 4 in this state.

After growing the seedlings in this way and moving the cultivation bed 4 to the end of the rail 2, the cultivation bed 4 is lowered from the rail 2 and the seedlings planted in the cultivation bed 4 are moved to the upper bot 8. The whole plant is transplanted to cultivation bed 5 for growth. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, this cultivation bed 5 for growing has the same structure as the cultivation bed 4 for raising seedlings, and the seedbed 16a is formed in the shape of a shallow container. Side grooves 18a for storing a nutrient solution are provided at both ends of the bottom of the seedbed 16a, and a horizontal portion 19a through which the nutrient solution flows is provided between these side grooves Hla.
A discharge pipe 20a is provided at the bottom of 8a for discharging the nutrient solution and for adjusting the level of the nutrient solution by expanding and contracting up and down. The cultivation bed 5 for growing is configured to be larger in size than the cultivation bed 4 for raising seedlings, and a plate-shaped positioning member 25 is arranged on the horizontal portion 19a. This positioning member 25 is made of polystyrene foam, and has a plurality of square holes 26 spaced apart vertically and horizontally for arranging the upper bot 8 at a predetermined position, and the upper bot 8 is inserted therein and supported. This is how it was done. The intervals between the square holes 26 are wider than the intervals between the pot portions 9 of the lower pot 7.

Moreover, this cultivation bed 5 is also the cultivation bed 4 for raising seedlings.
Similarly, when raising seedlings, the discharge pipe 21a provided on one side gutter 18a is closed, and the upper end of the discharge pipe 20a provided on the other side 1118a is adjusted to a predetermined height. A faucet 24a for supplying a nutrient solution is arranged above the one side gutter 19a.

After doing this, the cultivation bed 5 is placed on the rail 3, and the cultivation bed 5 is moved along the rail 3 to arrange the faucet 24a above the one side gutter 18a, and from the faucet 24a. A nutrient solution is allowed to flow into one side gutter 18a. In this way, the nutrient solution once stored in the one side gutter 18a becomes a laminar flow and flows to the horizontal part +9a,
This nutrient solution is discharged from a discharge pipe 20a provided in the other side gutter 18a.
The liquid level of the nutrient solution is adjusted to a predetermined level by being discharged from the upper end of the nutrient solution. In this case, the roots of the seedlings are exposed through the opening 13 of the upper pot 8 and immersed in the nutrient solution, as shown in FIG.

After a predetermined period of time has elapsed in this state, this cultivation bed 5 is moved along the rail 3 by a predetermined amount of fc and lA, and another cultivation bed 5 is sequentially placed behind the moved cultivation bed 5. Thereafter, these cultivation beds 5 are moved every time a predetermined period of time elapses, and the position of the valley cultivation bed 5 is changed according to the growth stage of the seedlings.

While growing crops in this way, the cultivation bed 5
After moving to the end of the rail 3, the cultivation bed 5 is lowered from the rail 3, and crops are sequentially harvested from the cultivation bed 5.

According to this hydroponic cultivation method, germinated seeds are placed in a cultivation pot 6, this cultivation pot 6 is placed in a cultivation bed 4 for raising seedlings, and the seedlings are grown in this cultivation bed 4. Since the entire cultivation pot 6 is transplanted to the cultivation bed 5 for growth, there is no fear that the roots will be cut off when the cultivation pot reaches 15, and this makes it possible to carry out transplantation and permanent planting. Therefore, it is possible to keep the spacing between the seedlings narrow while they are small, and then increase the spacing between the seedlings by transplanting them as they grow, making effective use of the limited cultivation area. can reduce production costs.

In addition, the cultivation beds 4 are sequentially moved according to the growth stage of the seedlings, and the cultivation beds 4 are sequentially arranged behind them, and then the cultivated bobtoro is transferred from the moved cultivation bepdo 4 to the cultivation bed 5 for raising. After transplanting, this cultivation bed 5 is sequentially moved according to the growth stage of the seedling, and cultivation beds 5 are sequentially placed behind it, and the crops are harvested one after another from the moved cultivation bed 5. It is possible to stagger the harvesting period and harvest sequentially, thereby making it possible to supply the harvested crops to consumers in a fresh state,
Crop products (IIrl value can be increased.

Moreover, according to the cultivation bed 4 for raising seedlings, it has rectangular container-shaped seedlings 116, and there are gutters for storing nutrient solution at both ends of the bottom of the seedling bed 16. 8 is provided, and the horizontal part where the above-mentioned nutrient solution flows between these side gutters 18! 9 is provided, each gutter above! A discharge pipe 20 for discharging the nutrient solution and adjusting the level of the nutrient solution is provided at the bottom of the nutrient solution.
, 1118, this nutrient solution can be temporarily stored in the gutter 18 and then flowed into the horizontal section 19, thereby allowing a laminar flow to flow through the horizontal section 19. . Also, side JilIII 8 and discharge pipe 2
0 at both ends of the seedbed 16, the nutrient solution inflow side and the nutrient solution discharge side can be reversed to change the flow direction of the nutrient solution. Therefore, when changing the flow direction of the nutrient solution, the cultivation bed 4 can be used without changing the direction.
In addition to being easier to handle, by changing the flow direction of the nutrient solution, the conditions for supplying the nutrient solution to the seedlings planted at each location can be averaged, thereby making it possible to average the growth states of the six seedlings.

The above effects can also be achieved when using the cultivation bed 5 for growth.

Further, according to the cultivation bot 6, the upper bot 8 is removably fitted into the pot part 9 of the lower pot 7 having the hole 11 formed in the bottom, thereby forming a double structure. Since the opening 13 is formed without penetrating the bottom of the bot 8, when the seedling is small, the upper bot 8 can be fitted into the pot part 9 of the lower bot 7 and the roots of the seedling can be accommodated in the pot part 9. It becomes possible to cultivate. For this reason, the roots of m do not grow outside the cultivation bot 6, and the upper bot 8
By removing the bot 7 from the lower bot 7, the transplanting work can be carried out without damaging the roots of the seedlings. Furthermore, when the seedlings grow large, they can be cultivated with the roots of the seedlings exposed through the opening 13 of the upper bot 8.

Therefore, it becomes possible to grow the roots of the seedlings to the outside of the cultivation bot 6, and it is possible to avoid promoting the growth of the seedlings.

Furthermore, when transplanting these seedlings, it becomes possible to arrange the upper bots 8 with wider intervals, thereby preventing contact between adjacent seedlings and further promoting the growth of the seedlings. . In addition, a flange-like portion IO is provided at the edge of the bot portion 9.
Since the lower bot 7 is formed by forming a plurality of pot parts 9 and connecting a plurality of pot parts 9 via this brim-shaped part 1O, it is also possible to transplant a plurality of seedlings housed in each upper bot 8 together with the upper bot 8 at the same time. At the same time, it is also possible to widen the spacing between the lower bots 7 and the spacing between the seedlings housed in the upper bots at the same time during transplantation.

Next, a first embodiment of a fully controlled plant factory of this invention will be described.
This will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 7 to 7.

In the fully controlled plant factory of this embodiment, the inside of the building 27 is airtight from the outside, and the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide inside this building 27 are regulated by air conditioning equipment.

The outer wall 28 of this building 27 has a structure in which a heat insulating material such as polystyrene foam is embedded in concrete, a heat insulating concrete structure using a highly heat insulating aggregate, or a heat insulating sandwich steel panel. It is composed of heat insulating materials such as iron plate sandwich panels. The pillars 31 of this building 27 have a steel frame structure, and the steel frame is arranged on the outside of the outer wall 28.

In this building 27, its outer wall 28 and ceiling 29
By making the building 27 a heat-insulating structure and by locating the steel frame 31 with high thermal conductivity outside the building 27, the outside temperature is lower than the building 27.
Even if the outside temperature is significantly lower than the inside temperature, the outside temperature is hardly transmitted to the inside of the room 7. Therefore, the temperature of the inner surfaces of the outer wall 28 and the ceiling 29 will not lower than the ambient temperature inside the building 27, and therefore no condensation will occur on the outer wall 28 and the ceiling 29. In addition, since the pillars 31 are arranged outside the building 27, there is no protrusion on the inner surface of the outer wall 28, which allows the space inside the building 27 to be effectively used.
You can use it.

Furthermore, the inside of the building 27 is divided into five rooms, and a work room 33 is provided near the entrance/exit 32, and seedling growing rooms 34 are provided on both sides of this work room 33, and a pair of seedling rooms are provided at the back. A growing room 35 is provided.

The work room 33 is a room where germination, planting, harvesting, etc. of the plants cultivated in this fully controlled plant factory are performed.
A germination device 36 is installed in the corner. In this work room 33, the seeds are germinated using the germination device 36, and the germinated seedlings are planted in the cultivation bed 4 for raising seedlings. Thereafter, the planted seedlings are placed on moving casters 37 together with the cultivation bed 4 and transported to the seedling growing room 34.

The seedling growing room 34 is a room in which the seedlings germinated by the germination device 36 are grown, and a tower 39 as shown in FIG. 2 is constructed on the floor 38 of the room. This turret 39 has an outer wall 28,
It is constructed separately from the ceiling 29, etc.
Tables 40 on which the cultivation beds 4 for raising seedlings are placed are arranged in two rows extending in the left-right direction in FIG.

Rails 2 on which the cultivation beds 4 are placed and moved are laid on top of the six beds 40, and as shown in FIG. A faucet 24 for supplying nutrient solution to the cultivation bed 4 is connected to each rail 2 mentioned above.
A plurality of faucets 24 are arranged along the same line, and a nutrient solution supply pipe 41 is connected to each of these faucets 24. This nutrient solution supply pipe 41 is laid in various places in the building 27 while being housed in a pit 42 provided on the floor 38,
f? supplied from outside the building 27 above? : This is for supplying liquid to each faucet 24 mentioned above. On the other hand, at the ends of the six units 40 facing each other, there is a discharge pipe 2 of the valley cultivation bed 4.
A gutter 43 is provided to receive the nutrient solution flowing out from the tank.

Also, if the cultivation bed 4 is to be placed on the rail 2, the movable casters 37 should be placed horizontally on the right end of one platform 40 in FIG. 1, and the cultivation bed 4 must be placed from that end. , in that case, the faucet 24 supplying the nutrient solution
Only the discharge pipe 20 located on the same side is kept closed. A transfer device 44 is provided at the left end of the one platform 40 to transfer the cultivation bed 4 that has been moved on the rail 2 onto the rail 2 of the adjacent platform 40. This transfer device 44 moves the cultivation bed 4 to the adjacent table 4.
0, the position of the faucet 24 will be opposite to the transfer surface, so the discharge pipe 20 to be blocked must also be reversed to change the flow direction. The nutrient solution supply conditions at each position in the bed 4 are averaged, and the growth state of the seedlings is averaged. and,
This cultivation bed 4 then moves to the right end of the platform 40, and at that end the moving casters 37 are placed again.
It was posted on! lr1 creation! It will be carried to the work room 33 for this purpose. Then, in this work room 33, the seedlings planted in the cultivation bed 4 for raising seedlings are planted in the cultivation bed 5 for raising, and the cultivation bed 5 is placed on movable casters 37a and transported to the cultivation room 35. That will happen.

The growing room 35 is constructed in the same manner as the seedling growing room 34 described above, but since the growing cultivation bed 5 is larger than the growing cultivation bed 4 for raising seedlings, the growing room 35 is constructed larger overall. Then, seedlings are grown in this growth chamber 35 in the same manner as in the seedling cultivation chamber 34, and after the crops have grown, the crops are moved along with the cultivation bed 5 onto the movable casters 3.
7a and transported to the working room 33, where the crops are harvested.

Next, the lighting system for this fully controlled plant factory will be explained. Note that similar lighting devices are installed in the seedling growing room 34 and the growing room 35, so the air conditioning device for the seedling growing room 34 will be explained here as an example.

This lighting device is provided with a fluorescent lamp 46 and a plurality of reflecting mirrors 47 disposed above the fluorescent lamp 46 on a mounting body 45, and gaps are provided between each reflecting mirror 47. The mounting body 45 is a row 148 made of stainless steel wire or the like.
The rope 48 is suspended from above the cultivation bed 4 and supported by the upper part of the turret 39, and the rope 48 is connected to an electric motor 50 via a pulley 49. A switch 51 is connected to the electric motor 50, and by pressing a button on the switch 51, the electric motor 50 is driven to move the mounting body 45 up and down.

In this lighting device, by using the fluorescent lamp 46 as a light source, it is possible to irradiate plants with light having a continuous spectrum in a wide wavelength range, thereby increasing the number of varieties that can be cultivated.

In addition, the fluorescent lamp 46 emits less heat as it emits light;
There is no risk of leaf burn, and since it is a near-light tree, there is little unevenness in illumination. Therefore, the light source can be brought closer to the plants, which reduces the power consumed to obtain the necessary illuminance. Furthermore, since less heat is generated, the temperature rise in the building 27 due to the heat generated by the light source is suppressed, which reduces the running cost of air conditioning, and by placing the light source in a lower position, the ceiling 29 can be lowered. This makes it possible to reduce the space to be air-conditioned and further reduce air-conditioning running costs.

Furthermore, by supporting the mounting body 46 to which the fluorescent lamp 46 and the reflecting mirror 47 are attached to the tower 39 so as to be able to move up and down, it is possible to carry out transplantation work of plants planted in the cultivation bed 4, etc. Work efficiency can be improved by raising the mounting body 46, and furthermore, the illuminance of the light irradiated onto the plants can be changed by changing the height of the fluorescent lamp 46.

In addition, in this lighting device, the reflection m47 may be shaped as shown in FIG. 6, and all the light rays emitted from the upper part of the fluorescent lamp 46 may be reflected downward to improve the efficiency of irradiation to the plants. In this case, the power consumption of the fluorescent lamp used to obtain the illuminance necessary for photosynthesis can be reduced. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the ends of adjacent fluorescent lamps 46 and reflectors 47 are shifted in the length direction to reduce fluid resistance when conditioned air passes through the gap between reflectors 47. In this case, the conditioned air can be efficiently circulated, thereby reducing the running cost of the air conditioner.

Next, the air conditioning equipment of this fully controlled plant factory will be explained. Note that similar air conditioning equipment is installed in the seedling growing room 34 and the growing room 35, so the air conditioning equipment in the seedling growing room 34 will be explained here as an example.

In this air conditioning equipment, a plurality of air conditioners 52 are arranged on the tower 39 in a row along each rail 2, and as shown in FIG. 52 are provided so that they are located outside facing each other, and each sky! The air conditioning piping 53 that circulates the heat medium to the I71 unit 52 is placed above the turret 39 so as to be located above the 6 air conditioners 52.

The air conditioner 52 has its air outlet 54 facing outward and diagonally downward, and its suction port 55 facing inward. Below the air conditioner 52, there is a curtain 56 that guides the conditioned air blown out from the outlet 54 to the side of the cultivation bed 4 located below and causes the conditioned air to flow onto the cultivation bed 4. It is provided. Further, a humidifier 57 is installed next to the air conditioner 52.

This sky! In the J4 facility, the air conditioner 52 and the air conditioning piping 53 that circulates the heat medium to the air conditioner 52 are installed in a tower 39 built on the floor 38 in the building 27 and separated from the outer wall 28, ceiling 29, etc. By providing the upper part, even if refrigerant is passed through the air conditioning piping 52 during air conditioning, the cold heat of this refrigerant will not be transmitted to the outer wall 28, ceiling 29, etc., so that the outer wall 28, ceiling 29, etc. It is cooled and there is no condensation.

In the fully controlled plant factory according to this embodiment, a plurality of fluorescent lamps 46 are arranged in parallel on the cultivation bed 4, and a gap is provided between each reflecting mirror 47 arranged above each fluorescent lamp 46, and By providing the respective air outlets 54 of the pair of air conditioners 52 disposed above the reflecting mirror 47 at positions facing each other and facing diagonally downward, and by providing the six suction holes 55 facing each other, The conditioned air blown from the outlet 54 is blown onto the cultivation bed 4 from the side, and this conditioned air absorbs the radiant heat of the fluorescent lamps 46 and the reflection mirror 4.
It flows upward through the gap between the holes 7 and 7, and is sucked into the suction port 55. Therefore, the temperature around the plants is kept uniform and at an appropriate temperature, and the conditioned air absorbs the heat emitted by the fluorescent lamps 46, making it possible to keep air conditioning running costs low.

"Effects of the Invention" According to the fully controlled plant factory of the present invention, the inside of the building is configured to be airtight with the outside, and air conditioning equipment is installed to adjust the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration inside the building. By providing a cultivation bed for growing plants and a lighting device that irradiates the plants with light, it is possible to control the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, and light necessary for photosynthesis around the plants, and also to control the light necessary for photosynthesis. Nutrients can be given as a nutrient solution with the concentration of ingredients adjusted to suit the growth of plants.This allows the plant growing environment to be controlled to the most suitable state for plant growth, and allows plants to grow in a sterile state. can be done. For this reason, the growing period from sowing to harvest can be dramatically shortened compared to normal open-field cultivation, and the growth state can be improved to improve productivity. Highly safe crops can be obtained using n-drugs. Such high-quality crops can be cultivated all year round regardless of the season, and moreover, crops can be cultivated in a planned manner and harvested in the required amount.

In addition, a rail was laid in the building to arrange the cultivation beds in a stacked state, and a roller was provided on the cultivation bed to move it along the rail, so a plurality of cultivation beds were arranged along the guide. As a result, the cultivation beds can be moved sequentially according to the growth stage of the seedlings, and cultivation beds can be sequentially placed behind them, and crops can be harvested sequentially from the moved cultivation beds. be able to. Therefore, the crops can be harvested sequentially with different harvest times, and the harvested crops can be supplied to the consumption table in a folded state, thereby increasing the commercial value of the crops.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a layout diagram of the fully controlled plant factory of this invention, Figure 2
The figure is a cross-sectional view of the main part, Figure 3 is a plan view of the main part of the lighting device, Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view with a part of the lighting device omitted, and Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the lighting device.
6 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing a modification of the lighting device; FIG. 7 is a plan view of the main part showing a modification of the lighting control device; Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram explaining the hydroponic cultivation method, Figure 9 is a perspective view of the cultivation pot,
Diagram O is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which plants are housed in cultivation pots, No. 1! The figure is a vertical cross-sectional view of a cultivation bed for raising seedlings, Figure 12 is a plan view of the same, Figure 13 is a plan view of the main parts showing the arrangement of cultivation pots, and Figure 14 is a diagram of plants planted in the cultivation bed for raising seedlings. Fig. 15 is a plan view of the main part showing a state in which the cultivation pots are arranged with wider intervals, Fig. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cultivation bed for growing, and Fig. +7 is the same. Plan view,
FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which plants are planted in a cultivation bed for growth. 2.3...Rail, 4.5...Cultivation bed, 17...Roller, 27...Building.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The inside of the building is configured to be airtight with the outside, and air conditioning equipment is installed to adjust the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration inside this building, and the inside of this building is equipped with a cultivation bed for growing plants and a lighting device that irradiates the plants with light. furthermore, laying rails for arranging the cultivation beds with the cultivation beds placed thereon in the building;
A fully controlled plant factory characterized in that the cultivation bed is provided with rollers that move the cultivation bed along the rail.