JP5574055B1 - 液晶組成物及びそれを使用した液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
液晶組成物及びそれを使用した液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5574055B1 JP5574055B1 JP2013541891A JP2013541891A JP5574055B1 JP 5574055 B1 JP5574055 B1 JP 5574055B1 JP 2013541891 A JP2013541891 A JP 2013541891A JP 2013541891 A JP2013541891 A JP 2013541891A JP 5574055 B1 JP5574055 B1 JP 5574055B1
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- liquid crystal
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- crystal composition
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 322
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 87
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 65
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- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylcyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C1CCCCC1 WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
- C09K19/44—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- C09K2019/122—Ph-Ph
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Abstract
本発明では、一般式(I)で表される化合物を少なくとも1種以上含有し、一般式(II)で表される化合物を少なくとも1種以上含有し、式(IIIb−1)で表される化合物含有する誘電率異方性が負の液晶組成物を提供する。またこれに併せて、当該液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子を提供する。
Description
従来、γ1の小さい液晶組成物を構成するためには、ジアルキルビシクロヘキサン骨格を有する化合物を用いることが一般的であった(特許文献1参照)。しかしながら、ビシクロヘキサン系化合物はγ1の低減には効果が高いものの、一般に蒸気圧が高くアルキル鎖長の短い化合物は特にその傾向が顕著である。又、Tniも低い傾向があることからそのため、アルキルビシクロヘキサン系化合物は側鎖長の合計が炭素原子数7以上の化合物を用いることが多く、側鎖長の短い化合物については十分な検討がなされていないのが実情であった。
また、本願発明の液晶組成物が高いネマチック−等方相転移温度(Tni)を求められる場合には、式(IIIb−5)及び式(IIIb−6)で表される化合物群の中から少なくとも1種類が選ばれることが好ましい。
A3は1,4−シクロヘキシレン基、1,4−フェニレン基又はテトラヒドロピラン−2,5−ジイル基を表すが、A3が1,4−フェニレン基を表す場合、該1,4−フェニレン基中の1つ以上の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていてもよく、
Z1は単結合、−OCH2−、−OCF2−、−CH2O−、又は−CF2O−を表し、
nは0又は1を表し、
X1〜X6はそれぞれ独立して水素原子、又はフッ素原子を表すが、X1〜X6の少なくとも1つはフッ素原子を表す。)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物を更に含有することができる。
で表される構造が好ましいが、本願発明の液晶組成物が反応性モノマーを含有する場合は、式(ii)及び式(iv)で表される構造が好ましく、式(ii)で表される構造がより好ましい。
Zは、13000以下が好ましく、12000以下がより好ましく、11000以下が特に好ましい。
Sp1及びSp2はそれぞれ独立して、単結合、炭素原子数1〜8のアルキレン基又は−O−(CH2)s−
(式中、sは2から7の整数を表し、酸素原子は芳香環に結合するものとする。)を表し、
Z2は−OCH2−、−CH2O−、−COO−、−OCO−、−CF2O−、−OCF2−、−CH2CH2−、−CF2CF2−、−CH=CH−COO−、−CH=CH−OCO−、−COO−CH=CH−、−OCO−CH=CH−、−COO−CH2CH2−、−OCO−CH2CH2−、−CH2CH2−COO−、−CH2CH2−OCO−、−COO−CH2−、−OCO−CH2−、−CH2−COO−、−CH2−OCO−、−CY1=CY2−(式中、Y1及びY2はそれぞれ独立して、フッ素原子又は水素原子を表す。)、−C≡C−又は単結合を表し、
Bは1,4−フェニレン基、トランス−1,4−シクロヘキシレン基又は単結合を表し、式中の全ての1,4−フェニレン基は、任意の水素原子がフッ素原子により置換されていても良い。)で表されるニ官能モノマーが好ましい。
を表すことが好ましく、式(VIIa−1)から式(VIIa−3)を表すことがより好ましく、式(VIIa−1)を表すことが特に好ましい。
本発明の液晶組成物にモノマーを添加する場合において、重合開始剤が存在しない場合でも重合は進行するが、重合を促進するために重合開始剤を含有していてもよい。重合開始剤としては、ベンゾインエーテル類、ベンゾフェノン類、アセトフェノン類、ベンジルケタール類、アシルフォスフィンオキサイド類等が挙げられる。また、保存安定性を向上させるために、安定剤を添加しても良い。使用できる安定剤としては、例えば、ヒドロキノン類、ヒドロキノンモノアルキルエーテル類、第三ブチルカテコール類、ピロガロール類、チオフェノール類、ニトロ化合物類、β−ナフチルアミン類、β−ナフトール類、ニトロソ化合物等が挙げられる。
Δn :25℃における屈折率異方性
Δε :25℃における誘電率異方性
η :20℃における粘度(mPa・s)
γ1 :25℃における回転粘度(mPa・s)
VHR:周波数60Hz,印加電圧1Vの条件下で60℃における電圧保持率(%)
焼き付き :
液晶表示素子の焼き付き評価は、表示エリア内に所定の固定パターンを1000時間表示させた後に、全画面均一な表示を行ったときの固定パターンの残像のレベルを目視にて以下の4段階評価で行った。
○残像ごく僅かに有るも許容できるレベル
△残像有り許容できないレベル
×残像有りかなり劣悪
滴下痕 :
液晶表示装置の滴下痕の評価は、全面黒表示した場合における白く浮かび上がる滴下痕を目視にて以下の4段階評価で行った。
○残像ごく僅かに有るも許容できるレベル
△残像有り許容できないレベル
×残像有りかなり劣悪
プロセス適合性 :
プロセス適合性は、ODFプロセスにおいて、定積計量ポンプを用いて1回に50pLずつ液晶を滴下することを100000回行い、次の「0〜100回、101〜200回、201〜300回、・・・・99901〜100000回」の各100回ずつ滴下された液晶量の変化を以下の4段階で評価した。
○変化が僅かに有るも許容できるレベル
△変化が有り許容できないレベル(斑発生により歩留まりが悪化)
×変化が有りかなり劣悪(液晶漏れや真空気泡が発生)
低温での溶解性:
低温での溶解性評価は、液晶組成物を調製後、2mLのサンプル瓶に液晶組成物を1g秤量し、これに温度制御式試験槽の中で、次を1サイクル「−20℃(1時間保持)→昇温(0.1℃/毎分)→0℃(1時間保持)→昇温(0.1℃/毎分)→20℃(1時間保持)→降温(−0.1℃/毎分)→0℃(1時間保持)→降温(−0.1℃/毎分)→−20℃」として温度変化を与え続け、目視にて液晶組成物からの析出物の発生を観察し、以下の4段階評価を行った。
尚、実施例において化合物の記載について以下の略号を用いる。
(側鎖)
−n −CnH2n+1 炭素原子数nの直鎖状アルキル基
−On −OCnH2n+1 炭素原子数nの直鎖状アルコキシ基
−V −C=CH2 ビニル基
−Vn −C=C−CnH2n+1 炭素原子数(n+1)の1−アルケン
(環構造)
次に示す組成を有する液晶組成物(実施例1)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(比較例1)
一般式(I)で表される化合物を含有せず、実施例1の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した以下に示される液晶組成物(比較例1)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(比較例2及び比較例3)
一般式(II)で表される化合物を含有せず、実施例1の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した以下に示される液晶組成物(比較例2)及び式(IIIb−1)で表される化合物を含有せず、実施例1の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した以下に示される液晶組成物(比較例3)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
比較例2及び比較例3の液晶組成物を用いて、実施例1と同様にVA液晶表示素子を作製し、焼き付き、滴下痕、プロセス適合性及び低温での溶解性の評価を行った結果を同じ表に示す。
(実施例2及び実施例3)
実施例1の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した次に示す組成を有する液晶組成物(実施例2及び実施例3)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(実施例4及び実施例5)
実施例1の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した次に示す組成を有する液晶組成物(実施例4及び実施例5)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(実施例6)
実施例1の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した次に示す組成を有する液晶組成物(実施例6)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(実施例7)
実施例1の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有し、より高い屈折率の値を有する、つまり液晶ディスプレイにおいてそのギャップがより狭く、高速応答に対応するように設計した次に示す組成を有する液晶組成物(実施例7)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(比較例1)
一般式(I)で表される化合物を含有せず、実施例7の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した以下に示される液晶組成物(比較例4) 及び一般式(II)で表される化合物を含有せず、実施例7の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した以下に示される液晶組成物(比較例5)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(比較例6)
式(IIIb−1)で表される化合物を含有せず、実施例7の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した以下に示される液晶組成物(比較例6)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(実施例8及び実施例9)
実施例7の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した次に示す組成を有する液晶組成物(実施例8及び実施例9)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(実施例10及び実施例11)
実施例7の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した次に示す組成を有する液晶組成物(実施例10及び実施例11)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
(実施例12)
実施例7の組成物と同等の液晶相温度範囲、同等の屈折率異方性の値及び同等の誘電率異方性の値を有するように設計した次に示す組成を有する液晶組成物(実施例12)を調製し、その物性値を測定した。この結果を次の表に示す。
1 第二の偏光板
2 第二の基板
3 薄膜トランジスタ層,薄膜トランジスタを含む電極層
4 配向膜
5 液晶層
6 画素電極(共通電極)
7 カラーフィルタ
8 第一の基板
9 第一の偏光板
10 液晶表示素子
11 ゲート電極
12 陽極酸化被膜
13 ゲート絶縁層
14 透明電極(層)
15 ドレイン電極
16 オーミック接触層
17 半導体層
18 保護膜
19a,19b ソース電極
21 画素電極
22 ストレイジキャパシタ
23 ドレイン電極
24 データ配線
25 ゲート配線
26 ソース電極
27 ゲート電極
101 保護層
Claims (10)
- 一般式(I)
で表される化合物群の中から1種又は2種以上選ばれる化合物を含有し、一般式(II)
- 反応性モノマーを更に含有する請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子。
- 請求項7に記載の液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子。
- 請求項8又は9に記載の液晶表示素子を用いた液晶ディスプレイ。
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