JP5562541B2 - 触媒の調製方法 - Google Patents
触媒の調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5562541B2 JP5562541B2 JP2008233586A JP2008233586A JP5562541B2 JP 5562541 B2 JP5562541 B2 JP 5562541B2 JP 2008233586 A JP2008233586 A JP 2008233586A JP 2008233586 A JP2008233586 A JP 2008233586A JP 5562541 B2 JP5562541 B2 JP 5562541B2
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- copper
- reduction
- weight
- catalyst
- hydrogenation catalyst
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 67
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 99
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper chromite Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Cu]=O.O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VODBHXZOIQDDST-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[Cu++].[Zn++] VODBHXZOIQDDST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Cu] IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 93
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-undecenoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical class CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Behenic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formic acid Chemical class OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004164 Wax ester Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNRNJMFGIMDYKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Al+3].[Cu+2] UNRNJMFGIMDYKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001559 benzoic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXKGMXNZSJMWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;oxido(oxo)iron Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][Fe]=O.[O-][Fe]=O DXKGMXNZSJMWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001954 decanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002027 dodecanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002168 ethanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl stearic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002400 hexanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Decanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003901 oxalic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002943 palmitic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019386 wax ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
- B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/72—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/80—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/90—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J23/94—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the iron group metals or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
- B01J38/10—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using elemental hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
- C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
- C07C29/147—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
- C07C29/149—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Description
本発明に用いられる銅含有水素化触媒前駆体としては、銅−クロム系酸化物、銅−亜鉛系酸化物、銅−鉄系酸化物、銅−アルミ系酸化物あるいは銅−シリカ系酸化物等の触媒前駆体が挙げられ、これらの1種又は2種以上を用いることができるが、特にこれらに限定されるものではない。これら銅含有水素化触媒前駆体の中では銅−亜鉛系酸化物が好ましく、具体的には特開平5−177140号公報段落0013〜0014に記載されているCuO−ZnO−[周期律表IIa族元素、IIIb族元素、ランタニド元素及びアクチニド元素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属の酸化物]等の触媒前駆体が挙げられる。
平均還元速度=還元水量100重量%/還元に要した時間[重量%/時間]
還元に要した時間=昇温開始から還元終了までに要した時間
ここで、触媒前駆体の理論生成還元水量とは、触媒前駆体の酸化金属がすべて金属に還元された場合に生成する還元水の総量である。
本発明のアルコールの製造方法は、上記のような本発明の調製方法で得られた銅含有水素化触媒の存在下、有機カルボン酸又は有機カルボン酸エステルを水素で接触還元する方法である。
まず、特開平5−177140号公報の実施例5記載の方法に従って、TiO2上にCuO、ZnO、BaOを担持させた触媒前駆体を得た。得られた前駆体粉末を円柱状に打錠成形した後、400℃で2時間焼成することにより、下記のような重量組成を有する直径3mm、高さ3mmの成形触媒前駆体を得た。
かくして得られた500ccの成形触媒前駆体を固定床高圧流通反応器に充填した後、液相還元を以下の通り行った。40〜50℃の温度下、75NL/Hrのガス流速で、水素濃度27容量%、窒素濃度73容量%の混合ガスを導入し、次いで250cc/Hrの流速でラウリルアルコール(花王(株)製、商品名:カルコール−20、純度=99.8%)を通液した。液、ガスの流速が安定した後、20kg/cm2 (ゲージ圧)の圧力下、10℃/Hrの速度で還元温度の130℃まで昇温し、その後、温度一定に保持した。カールフィッシャー法により、経時的に反応器入口と出口の溶媒水分濃度を測定し、還元で生成した水の量が0.1重量%以下となった時点で還元終了とした。昇温開始から還元終了までに要した時間、即ち還元時間は60時間、平均還元速度は1.7重量%/時間であった。
実施例1に記載の成形触媒前駆体を、実施例1に記載の方法に従って固定床高圧流通反応器に充填した後、窒素ガスで希釈した1.3〜5.0容量%濃度の水素を用い、15kg/cm2(ゲージ圧)の圧力のもと、250(Hr-1)のガス空間速度で窒素/水素の混合ガスを流通しながら、130℃で157時間気相による還元活性化処理を行った。かくして得られた活性化触媒を用い、実施例1に記載の反応条件に従って脂肪酸メチルエステルの水素化反応を行った。得られた結果を表1に示す。
触媒還元活性化条件を、表1に示すように変えた以外は実施例1と同様にして、触媒の還元活性化及びアルコールの製造を行った。これらの結果を表1に示す。
触媒還元活性化の昇温条件を10℃/Hrの速度で昇温し、140℃で30時間保持した後、10℃/Hrで昇温し、200℃で6時間保持する以外は実施例1と同様にして触媒の還元活性化及びアルコールの製造を行った。得られた結果を表1に示す。
Claims (5)
- 溶媒の存在下に、水素ガス又は水素ガスと不活性ガスとの混合ガスを供給して、50〜150℃の温度で銅含有水素化触媒前駆体の成形体を還元し、有機カルボン酸又は有機カルボン酸エステルを水素で接触還元するアルコールの製造に用いる銅含有水素化触媒を調製する方法であって、銅含有水素化触媒前駆体が、銅−クロム系酸化物、銅−亜鉛系酸化物、銅−鉄系酸化物、銅−アルミ系酸化物及び銅−シリカ系酸化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、銅含有水素化触媒前駆体の成形体の平均還元速度が1.2重量%/時間以上2.5重量%/時間以下となる様に還元を行う、銅含有水素化触媒の調製方法。ここで平均還元速度=還元水量100重量%/還元に要した時間[重量%/時間]であり、還元に要した時間=昇温開始から還元終了までに要した時間であり、還元で生成した水の量が0.1重量%以下となった時点で還元終了とみなす。
- 溶媒が、グリセリド油、脂肪酸エステル類、脂肪族アルコール類及び炭化水素類からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項1記載の調製方法。
- 触媒前駆体全重量中の酸化銅含有量が5〜98重量%である、請求項1又は2に記載の調製方法。
- 還元に用いるガス中の水素濃度が2〜100容量%である、請求項1〜3いずれかに記載の調製方法。
- 請求項1〜4いずれかに記載の方法により銅含有水素化触媒を調製し、次いで得られた銅含有水素化触媒の存在下、有機カルボン酸又は有機カルボン酸エステルを水素で接触還元する、アルコールの製造方法。
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