JP5554826B2 - エピタキシャル基板およびエピタキシャル基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
エピタキシャル基板およびエピタキシャル基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- MGYGFNQQGAQEON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tolyl isocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 MGYGFNQQGAQEON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- -1 SiC Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係るエピタキシャル基板10の構成を概略的に示す模式断面図である。
次に、MOCVD法を用いる場合を例として、エピタキシャル基板10を製造する方法について概説する。
本実施の形態もそうであるように、一般に、単結晶シリコンウェハーの上にIII族窒化物からなる結晶層を所定の形成温度でエピタキシャル成長させてエピタキシャル基板を得ようとする場合、III族窒化物の方がシリコンよりも熱膨張係数が大きい(例えば、シリコン:3.4×10-6/K、GaN:5.5×10-6/K)ことから、結晶成長後、常温にまで降温される過程において、結晶層には面内方向に引張応力が生じる。この引張応力は、エピタキシャル基板における反りや結晶層におけるクラック発生の要因となる。本実施の形態においては、係る引張応力を低減させ、上述の反りやクラック発生を抑制する目的で、エピタキシャル基板10に超格子層群5が設けられている。以下、その作用効果について具体的に説明する。
図3は、中間層6の形成までを行ったエピタキシャル基板の反り量を、中間層6の厚みに対してプロットした図である。なお、本実施の形態において、エピタキシャル基板の反り量は、レーザー変位計によって測定するものとする。
エピタキシャル基板10は、下地基板1と第1下地層2aの間に図示しない界面層を備える態様であってもよい。界面層は、数nm程度の厚みを有し、アモルファスのSiAluOvNwからなるのが好適な一例である。
2 下地層
2a 第1下地層
2b 第2下地層
2c (第2下地層の)凸部
3、3a、3b、3c 超格子層
4 終端層
5 超格子層群
6 中間層
7 機能層
10、100 エピタキシャル基板
31、31a、31b、31c 第1単位層
32、32a、32b、32c 第2単位層
Claims (10)
- (111)方位の単結晶シリコンである下地基板の上に、前記下地基板の基板面に対し(0001)結晶面が略平行となるようにIII族窒化物層群を形成してなるエピタキシャル基板であって、
それぞれが組成の相異なるIII族窒化物からなる第1単位層と第2単位層とを繰り返し交互に積層してなる超格子層である複数の超格子層を積層してなる超格子層群と、
前記超格子層群よりも上方に形成された、III族窒化物からなる結晶層と、
を備え、
前記第1単位層を構成する第1のIII族窒化物よりも前記第2単位層を構成する第2のIII族窒化物の方が無歪状態における面内格子定数が大きく、
それぞれの前記第2単位層はその直下の前記第1単位層に対してコヒーレントな状態に形成されてなり、
前記超格子層群において上方に形成された前記超格子層ほど、前記第2単位層の厚みが大きい、
ことを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板。 - 請求項1に記載のエピタキシャル基板であって、
前記超格子層群の直上に形成され、III族窒化物からなり、前記超格子層群に対してコヒーレントな状態に形成されてなる中間層、
をさらに備えることを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載のエピタキシャル基板であって、
前記第1単位層がAlNからなり、前記第2単位層がAl x Ga 1−x N(0≦x≦0.25)なる組成のIII族窒化物からなることを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板。 - 請求項3に記載のエピタキシャル基板であって、
前記中間層がAl y Ga 1−y N(0≦y≦0.25)なる組成のIII族窒化物にて50nm以上250nm以下の厚みに形成されてなることを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板。 - 請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれかに記載のエピタキシャル基板であって、
前記下地基板の上に形成された、AlNからなる第1の下地層と、
前記第1の下地層の上に形成され、Al p Ga 1−p N(0≦p<1)からなる第2の下地層と、
をさらに備え、
前記第1の下地層が、柱状あるいは粒状の結晶もしくはドメインの少なくとも一種から構成される多結晶欠陥含有性層であり、
前記第1の下地層と前記第2の下地層との界面が3次元的凹凸面であり、
前記第2の下地層の直上に前記超格子層群が形成されてなる、
ことを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板。 - (111)方位の単結晶シリコンである下地基板の上に、前記下地基板の基板面に対し(0001)結晶面が略平行なIII族窒化物層群を形成してなる半導体素子用エピタキシャル基板の製造方法であって、
組成の相異なるIII族窒化物からなる第1単位層と第2単位層とを繰り返し交互に積層することにより超格子層を形成する工程を複数回繰り返すことにより、複数の超格子層を積層してなる超格子層群を形成する超格子層群形成工程と、
前記超格子層群よりも上方にIII族窒化物からなる結晶層を形成する結晶層形成工程と、
を備え、
前記超格子層群形成工程においては、前記第1単位層と前記第2単位層とを、
前記第1単位層を構成する第1のIII族窒化物よりも前記第2単位層を構成する第2のIII族窒化物の方が無歪状態における面内格子定数が大きくなるように、
それぞれの前記第2単位層がその直下の前記第1単位層に対してコヒーレントな状態になるように、かつ、
上方に形成される前記超格子層ほど、前記第2単位層の厚みを大きくなるように、
形成する、
ことを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板の製造方法。 - 請求項6に記載のエピタキシャル基板の製造方法であって、
前記超格子層群の直上に、III族窒化物からなる中間層を、前記超格子層群に対してコヒーレントな状態になるように形成する中間層形成工程、
をさらに備えることを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板の製造方法。 - 請求項6または請求項7に記載のエピタキシャル基板の製造方法であって、
前記第1単位層をAlNにて形成し、前記第2単位層をAl x Ga 1−x N(0≦x≦0.25)なる組成のIII族窒化物にて形成することを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板の製造方法。 - 請求項8に記載のエピタキシャル基板の製造方法であって、
前記中間層をAl y Ga 1−y N(0≦y≦0.25)なる組成のIII族窒化物にて50nm以上250nm以下の厚みに形成することを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板の製造方法。 - 請求項6ないし請求項9に記載のエピタキシャル基板の製造方法であって、
前記下地基板の上に、AlNからなる第1の下地層を形成する第1下地層形成工程と、
前記第1の下地層の上に、Al p Ga 1−p N(0≦p<1)からなる第2の下地層を形成する第2下地層形成工程と、
をさらに備え、
前記第1下地層形成工程においては、前記第1の下地層を、柱状あるいは粒状の結晶もしくはドメインの少なくとも一種から構成され、表面が三次元的凹凸面である多結晶欠陥含有性層として形成し、
前記超格子層群形成工程においては、前記第2の下地層の直上に前記超格子層群を形成する、
ことを特徴とするエピタキシャル基板の製造方法。
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