JP5481014B2 - フィッシャー・トロプシュ蝋を含有する蝋質供給原料を水素化処理する際に層状床触媒を用いる燃料及び潤滑油 - Google Patents
フィッシャー・トロプシュ蝋を含有する蝋質供給原料を水素化処理する際に層状床触媒を用いる燃料及び潤滑油 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/12—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
本発明は、蝋質炭化水素供給原料を処理するための方法に関する。本方法では、水素化分解域において蝋質炭化水素供給原料を水素化分解触媒と接触させ、水素化分解流出液を生成し、水素化異性化域において、その水素化分解流出液を分子篩水素化異性化触媒と接触させ、水素化異性化流出液を生成する。その水素化異性化流出液を分別し、重質画分及び中間留出燃料を提供する。潤滑基油画分は重質画分から単離され、この潤滑基油は、130より大きい粘度指数、−15℃より低い流動点及び100℃において3cStより大きい粘度を有する。
本発明は、蝋質炭化水素供給原料から高収量の高品質潤滑基油を製造するための方法に関する。高初期沸点を有し、高含量の、フィッシャー・トロプシュ蝋のようなパラフィン系蝋を含有する蝋質炭化水素供給原料を高品質中間留出燃料及び高品質潤滑基油(潤滑基油が主生成物である)に容易にかつ経済的に転化することができることが見出された。本発明の方法では、それらの蝋質炭化水素供給原料を水素化分解触媒と次に水素化異性化触媒と接触させ、中間留出生成物及び重質画分に分離する。その重質画分から潤滑基油を単離する。本方法は、高沸点の蝋質炭化水素供給原料を、低流動点及び低曇り点を有する高品質中間留出燃料並びに高粘度指数及び低流動点及び低曇り点を有する高品質潤滑基油に転化する。本発明の方法によれば、高沸点蝋質供給原料の高沸点端の分解がより少なくなる(すなわち、高沸点蝋質供給原料の高沸点端の転化がより少なくなる)。従って、高粘度指数及び低流動点及び低曇り点を有する高品質潤滑基油が得られる。
明細書を通じて下記の用語を用いる。特にことわらない限り下記の意味を有する。
図は、本発明の一態様の概略図を示す。図を参照すると、蝋質炭化水素供給原料(10)は、水素化分解域(110)に水素化分解触媒を、水素化異性化域(120)に水素化異性化触媒を含有し、水素化分解域(110)が水素化異性化域(120)の上方にある、単一反応器(100)に供給される。蝋質炭化水素供給原料(10)は最初に水素化分解域(110)における水素化分解触媒と接触され、次に水素化分解域(110)からの流体は水素化異性化域(120)における水素化異性化触媒と接触される。次に水素化異性化域(120)からの全流体(20)は、分別器(200)において分別され、重質画分(30)、中間留出燃料(50)及びより軽質の生成物(70)が提供される。重質画分(30)からは、潤滑基油(60)及び任意選択的に残液画分(40)が得られる。潤滑基油は、130より大きい粘度指数、−15℃より低い流動点、及び100℃において3cStより大きい粘度を有する。任意選択的に、残液画分(40)は、反応器(100)における水素化分解域(110)に再循環することができる。潤滑基油(60)に加えて、分別により、中間留出生成物(50)も生成される。最後に、潤滑基油(60)は任意選択的に水素化仕上げユニット(300)において水素化仕上げすることができ、水素化仕上げされた潤滑油(70)が提供される。
450°F+ Arab Heavy VGO第一工程生成物を68%700°F+転化、1.2時間−1LHSV及び1,800psigにおいて、ニッケル−タングステン/シリカ−アルミナ水素化分解触媒(触媒A)で水素化分解したところ、700°F+残液は+21℃の流動点及び125VIを有した。一方、同じ条件で、触媒A/Pt SAPO−11水素化異性化触媒(触媒B)の2:1の層状床を用いることにより、−20℃の流動点及び127VIの725°F+生成物(100℃において4cSt)を得た。触媒Aのみの場合と比較し、ディーゼル留分における曇り点は低下し、セタン指数は増大した。総中間留出物は、触媒Aのみでの53.1重量%に対し、多少は700°F乃至725°Fのディーゼル終点の伸びのため、56.9重量%であった。
軽質のフィッシャー・トロプシュ蝋(表I)を、1時間−1LHSV、1,000psig、685°F及び6,300標準立方フィート(SCF)/Bblにおいて硫化ニッケル−タングステン/シリカ−アルミナ触媒で水素化分解した。それらの条件下で、650°Fより低い転化は80.4重量%であった。液体生成物を約350°F及び約675°Fにおいてカットし、ディーゼル留分を得た。ディーゼル留分及び675°F+残液の収率及び性質を表IIに示す。残液画分の曇り点(+29℃)はあまりに高く、潤滑油用途には好ましくない。
例2と同じ供給原料を、例2におけるのと同じ触媒の硫化された3/1層状床で、次に15重量%のアルミナと結合されたPt/SAPO−11触媒で水素化分解した。条件は、例2と同じ、すなわち、1.0時間−1全LHSV、1,000psig、685°F及び6.3MSCF/Bbl H2であった。650°Fより低い温度での転化は74.6重量%であった。生成物を約350°F及び約650°Fにおいてカットし、ディーゼル留分を得た。ディーゼル留分及び650°F+残液の収率及び性質を表IIIに示す。ディーゼルはASTM試験 D6468により高温度安定性であった。ディーゼル中の芳香族化合物は0.5重量%未満であった。セタン指数は非常に高く(73.8)、曇り点は非常に低かった(−57℃)。650°F+ストリッパー残液は、低流動点及び低曇り点並びに高VIを有する3cSt(100℃において)油であることが見出された。
例3の作業を続けたが、670°Fの触媒温度においてであった。この温度において、650°Fより低い温度での転化は40.1重量%であった。650°F+ストリッパー残液の収率及び性質を表IVに示す。その残液は高VIの3.4cSt(100℃において)であることが見出された。
700−1,000°F水素化処理されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ蝋(表V)を例3と同じ層状床触媒系で水素化分解した。条件には、1.0時間−1全LHSV、300psigの反応器圧、頂部触媒では680°F及び底部触媒では690°F、並びに6.3MSCF/Bbl H2が含まれていた。650°Fより低い温度での転化は58.2重量%であった。生成物を約300°F及び約650°Fにおいてカットし、ディーゼル留分を得た。ディーゼル留分及び650°F+残液の収率及び性質を表VIに示す。ディーゼルはASTM試験 D6468により高温度安定性であった。ディーゼル中の芳香族化合物は6.1重量%であった。セタン指数は高く(67.6)、曇り点は−44℃であった。650°F+ストリッパー残液は、低流動点及び低曇り点及び非常に高いVIを有する5cSt(100℃において)油であることが見出された。
表Vの供給原料が調製される全沸点範囲の水素化処理されたフィッシャー・トロプシュ蝋(表VII)を例3と同じ層状床触媒系で水素化分解した。条件には、1.0時間−1全LHSV、1,000psigの反応器圧、頂部触媒では680°F及び底部触媒では691°F並びに6.3MSCF/Bbl H2が含まれていた。650°Fより低い温度での転化は45.9重量%であった。650°F+ストリッパー残液の収率及び性質を表VIIIに示す。その残液は、低流動点及び非常に高いVIを有する5.5cSt(100℃において)油であることが見出された。
Claims (10)
- a)204℃乃至360℃(680°F)の反応温度、及び2.1MPa乃至6.9MPaの反応圧力の水素化分解域において343℃+蝋質炭化水素供給原料を水素化分解触媒と接触させ、水素化分解流出液を生成する工程、
b)水素化異性化域において前記水素化分解流出液を中間細孔径分子篩水素化異性化触媒と接触させ、水素化異性化流出液を生成する工程、
c)前記水素化異性化流出液を分別し、重質画分及び中間留出燃料を提供する工程、
d)前記重質画分から、130より大きい粘度指数、−15℃より低い流動点及び100℃において3cStより大きい粘度を有する潤滑基油画分を単離する工程
を含む、343℃+蝋質炭化水素供給原料を処理するための方法であって、343℃+成分の60重量%未満が343℃−生成物に転化する、上記方法。 - 潤滑基油が、140より大きい粘度指数、−15℃より低い流動点及び100℃において4cStより大きい粘度を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 潤滑基油が、150より大きい粘度指数、−15℃より低い流動点及び100℃において5cStより大きい粘度を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 単一反応器中の単一反応域において水素化分解触媒及び水素化異性化触媒が層状にされている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 343℃+蝋質炭化水素供給原料がフィッシャー・トロプシュ法から誘導される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 343℃+蝋質炭化水素供給原料が、水素化分解の前には水素化処理されない、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 343℃+蝋質炭化水素供給原料が20重量%より多い482℃+成分を含有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 343℃+蝋質炭化水素供給原料が85重量%より多い343℃+成分を含有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 反応器間で生成物の取り出しも供給原料の送り込みもないクロースカップルド系列反応器中の単一反応域において水素化分解触媒及び水素化異性化触媒が層状にされている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 重質残液画分を水素化分解域に再循環させることを更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
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PCT/US2004/019253 WO2005001006A2 (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2004-06-16 | Fuels and lubricants using layered bed catalysts in hydrotreating waxy feeds, including fischer-tropsch wax |
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2004
- 2004-06-16 BR BRPI0411616-0A patent/BRPI0411616A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2004-06-16 CN CNB2004800234564A patent/CN100469858C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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ZA200600303B (en) | 2007-11-28 |
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GB0600805D0 (en) | 2006-02-22 |
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