JP5411526B2 - Axle tool for surface treatment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an axial tool for surface treatment. More specifically, the present invention relates to the movement of an axial tool when performing surface treatment with a fine shaving action in the presence of a magnetic paste between the object and an object. The present invention relates to improvement of dispersion of interlocking magnetic paste.

  As this type of surface treatment technique, a technique called a so-called magnetic polishing method is well known. This is performed by mixing a magnetic fluid (MF) or a magnetorheological fluid (MRF) with abrasive particles and moving the mixed liquid by a magnetic field.

  For example, Patent Document 1 proposes an improvement technique for a polishing tool for magnetic polishing. As shown in FIG. 1, a permanent magnet 1 is provided at the tip of a polishing tool (shaft tool) to serve as a magnetic field generation source. The permanent magnet 1 is formed in a spherical shape or a curved body shape having an appropriate curved surface, and is embedded in the end face of the cylindrical support body 2 so that substantially half is exposed. The shaft portion 3 extending integrally from the support 2 is linked to the driving means to perform a motion operation such as rotation.

  When a magnetic polishing liquid (magnetic paste 6) is attached around the shaft tool, a large number of ferromagnetic particles (for example, iron particles) and magnetite particles in MF and MRF are aggregated by a magnetic attractive force to form a magnetic cluster. Since this magnetic cluster is along the magnetic flux, it takes a form in which a large number of needles stand in opposition to the object 5. Thereby, the magnetic paste 6 adheres to the axial cutting tool (permanent magnet 1) and becomes a magnetic brush. Then, when the magnetic brush or the object 5 rotates, the magnetic brush moves in contact with the surface of the object 5 due to the relative movement between them. As a result, the unevenness of the surface of the object 5 is polished by a magnetic brush with abrasive particles, a smoother surface can be obtained, and non-contact fluid polishing can be performed.

JP 2007-313634 A

  However, in the conventional technique in which the surface treatment is performed using a polishing tool (shaft tool) as shown in FIG. 1, the reduction of the polishing force proceeds faster than expected, and there is a problem that the surface treatment cannot be performed stably. As a result of examining the problem phenomenon, magnetic clusters that should be arranged in a needle shape with respect to the object 5 are gradually pushed out from the magnetic pole on the exposed side of the permanent magnet during the surface treatment, and a part of the magnetic cluster is opposite to the permanent magnet. It is considered that the phenomenon that the magnetic polishing paste becomes insufficient more quickly than expected between the object 5 and the object 5 by being drawn toward the pole side (non-exposed side). Therefore, the conventional technique has a problem that it is difficult to stably and stably maintain a necessary and sufficient magnetic paste for a relatively long time between the object and the object.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the shaft tool for surface treatment according to the present invention maintains a non-contact state with respect to the object, and has a fine cutting action by interlocking with the magnetic paste present in the periphery. An axial cutting tool for performing surface treatment, (1) a permanent magnet having a spherical shape or an appropriate curved surface on the tip side, and a support that is cylindrical and holds the attachment portion of the permanent magnet in an end state; A shaft portion that extends integrally from the support and is linked to a driving means such as a rotation shaft and a vibration shaft, and a cover ring that is formed from a non-magnetic material and has an annular shape that fits the support, by fitting to a support fixed to at least cover position above the substantially central between the magnetic poles in the permanent magnet, the tip of the permanent magnet with protruding outer than the cover ring and the projecting above The covering those toward the distal end and the counter electrode side of the magnetic flux outputted from the tip of the permanent magnet is configured to block.

  (2) The cover ring may be formed of a non-magnetic material such as a resin material or an aluminum material. (3) The cover ring may be configured such that the lower peripheral edge is formed in an inclined portion without a corner. (4) It is good to make it the structure which provides a screw hole in the radial direction in the surrounding surface of a cover ring, and is linked with a support body by screwing. (5) The cover ring is formed in a substantially C shape with one part of the annular shape divided, and a screw hole is provided in a direction penetrating the divided part to be screwed and connected to the support body. It is good to make it the structure linked by force. (6) The cover ring may be formed integrally with the support.

  With this configuration, in the present invention, the cover ring covers the permanent magnet, and the exposed portion of the permanent magnet is only below the approximate center between the magnetic poles. In the magnetic paste, the magnetic clusters are arranged along the magnetic flux, so that the covering toward the opposite pole (non-exposed side) of the permanent magnet acts to prevent the covering from blocking. That is, the magnetic cluster toward the opposite pole (non-exposed side) of the permanent magnet is a wasted component that does not contribute to the surface treatment of the object, and the covering is prevented from blocking, so that the wasted magnetic cluster can be reduced. For this reason, the force (magnetic flux density) of a magnetic field can be concentrated only on the magnetic cluster which goes to the surface of a target object, and the distribution situation of a magnetic cluster can be improved favorably. In addition, since the cover ring blocks and blocks the magnetic cluster toward the opposite pole (non-exposed side) of the permanent magnet, the magnetic paste can be prevented from dissipating and stay long between the object and the object.

  In the axial cutting tool for surface treatment according to the present invention, in the magnetic paste, the magnetic cluster toward the opposite pole (non-exposed side) of the permanent magnet acts to prevent the covering from blocking, thereby reducing the magnetic cluster that is wasted. . And the force (magnetic flux density) of a magnetic field can be concentrated only on the magnetic cluster which goes to the surface of a target object, and the distribution situation of a magnetic cluster can be improved favorably. In addition, since the covering prevents and blocks the magnetic clusters of wasted components, the magnetic paste can be prevented from dissipating and stay long between the target and the magnetic paste is dispersed and secured between the target and the target. can do. As a result, the surface treatment can be stably performed with high polishing power.

It is a side view which shows an example of the conventional shaft tool. It is a side view which shows 1st Embodiment of the axial cutting tool which concerns on this invention, and has shown the cover ring isolate | separated. The state which attached the cover ring is shown, (a) is a side view, (b) is the top view seen from the top. FIGS. 2A and 2B are side views for explaining surface treatment by the shaft tool of FIGS. 2 and 3, and FIG. 2A shows a mounting state in which the cover ring is fixed at a position covering the upper side from the approximate center between the magnetic poles in the permanent magnet; b) shows a mounting state in which the upper part is positioned below the substantial center between the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet. It is a side view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the axial cutting tool which concerns on this invention, and has shown the cover ring isolate | separated. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the cover ring of FIG. It is another example of the junction part of a permanent magnet and a support body, and is a side view which isolate | separates and shows both. It is a side view of the axis | shaft cutting tool to which the other example of a cover ring is applied. It is a side view which shows the axis | shaft bite used for the evaluation test, (a) is the axis bite which concerns on this invention of FIG. 6, (b) is the axis bite of the comparative example 1 which removed the cover ring from (a), (c ) Is an axial tool of Comparative Example 2 in which the exposure amount of the permanent magnet is different. It is a top view explaining the conditions of an evaluation test. It is a graph of the surface roughness which shows the result of an evaluation test, (a) is the grinding | polishing result of the axial cutting tool based on this invention of FIG. 6, (b) is the axial cutting tool of the comparative example 1 which removed the cover ring from (a). (C) shows the polishing result of the axial cutting tool of Comparative Example 2 in which the exposure amount of the permanent magnet was different.

  2 and 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the shaft tool includes a permanent magnet 1, a support body 2 that holds the permanent magnet 1 in a joined state, a shaft portion 3 that extends integrally from the support body 2, and a cover ring 4 that fits the support body 2. I have. Then, a surface treatment with a fine cutting action is performed by using the permanent magnet 1 at the tip as a magnetic field generation source, maintaining a non-contact state with respect to the object, and interlocking with a magnetic polishing liquid (magnetic paste) existing in the vicinity. It is the composition which performs.

  The permanent magnet 1 is formed in a spherical shape. The support 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape from a non-magnetic material, and its end is formed in a recess 20 having a predetermined curvature, and the attachment site of the permanent magnet 1 is fitted into the recess 20 and fixed. , Held in a predetermined embedded state. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 1 is set so that approximately 60% of the diameter is exposed when viewed from the side, and approximately 40% is embedded in the end portion. The permanent magnet 1 may be fixed so as to make the direction of magnetization substantially coincide with the axis s, and this may be in a relationship of being substantially parallel at the shift position.

  The cover ring 4 is formed in a ring shape from a non-magnetic material such as a resin material or an aluminum material, and is fitted to the support 2 and fixed at a position covering at least the upper side of the substantial center between the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 1. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the cover ring 4 is formed in a substantially C-shape in which one part of the annular shape is divided, and a screw hole is provided in a direction penetrating the divided part and screwed. It connects and it is made the structure linked with the support body 2 by the fastening force of a screwing connection. As will be described later, the fixing position of the cover ring 4 can be appropriately adjusted according to the finishing level of the surface treatment.

  FIG. 4 is a side view for explaining the surface treatment by the shaft tool of FIGS. 2 and 3, in which the cover ring 4 is fixed, and (a) is a position covering the upper side from the approximate center between the magnetic poles in the permanent magnet 1. (B) has shown the mounting state which made the position which covers the said further further from the approximate center between the magnetic poles in the permanent magnet 1 below.

  In the surface treatment, the shaft portion 3 is linked to driving means such as a rotating shaft or a vibration shaft. Then, a predetermined motion is performed by driving the driving means. For example, a scanning operation can be performed on the surface of the object 5 by performing a rotation operation by driving the driving means and performing a moving operation in a posture facing the object 5. The shaft tool may not be simply rotated, but may be appropriately moved, for example, a reversing operation that repeats forward and reverse operations, or a vibrating operation in the axial direction. For example, an NC machine tool may be used as the drive means, and the shaft portion 3 of the shaft tool is attached to and detached from a rotation shaft (chuck portion) of a drilling machine, lathe, NC lathe, milling machine or the like.

  The distance between the shaft tool (permanent magnet 1) relative to the object 5 is, for example, in the range of 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm, and the permanent magnet 1 is rotated in a predetermined manner. In the rotating operation of the shaft tool, since the permanent magnet 1 at the tip is rotated at a high speed, there is a problem that the polishing becomes excessive and the surface is unevenly finished. The peripheral speed is preferably within a predetermined range. That is, it is preferable to set the upper limit of the peripheral speed so that the magnetic paste 6 does not scatter and perform a surface treatment that falls within the range of the upper limit from the predetermined lower limit.

  The magnetic paste 6 has a composition containing two components of magnetic particles and a solvent, and vegetable oil or the like is used as the solvent. This magnetic paste 6 is supplied by a supply means between the object 5 and the shaft tool.

  As the magnetic particles, soft magnetic sintered bodies such as ferrite particles, metal particles such as iron powder, and the like can be used. Ferrite particles are ceramics mainly composed of iron oxide, and most of them are ferromagnetic and have magnetization so that the particles form magnetic clusters by applying a magnetic field. The same applies to magnetizable metal particles such as iron powder. When a magnetic field is applied, the particles form magnetic clusters. The metal particles such as ferrite particles and iron powder are sufficiently hard for the object 5 and can therefore function as abrasive grains for polishing, and the magnetic cluster itself is a surface treatment by a fine cutting action. It becomes a magnetic brush for performing.

  The magnetic paste 6 may be further mixed with resin particles. In this case, the resin particles are formed from an insoluble and low melting point resin material that does not dissolve in the solvent. Moreover, the shape of the resin particles may be, for example, a spherical shape, or may be formed in a non-spherical shape such as a fibrous shape. Examples of resin materials that do not dissolve in vegetable oils include polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The shape of the resin particles may be non-spherical particles such as fibers in addition to the spherical shape.

  As described above, the movement of the axis tool is caused to perform a predetermined movement such as a simple rotation operation, a reversal operation that repeats normal rotation, and reverse rotation, and the object 5 to be faced is sequentially traced on the surface. An ordinary general scanning operation is performed by performing a moving operation. At this time, the magnetic paste 6 is supplied in the vicinity of the shaft tool (permanent magnet 1).

  A magnetic paste 6 exists between the shaft bite and the object 5, and the magnetic paste 6 includes magnetic particles such as ferrite particles and iron powder. When a strong magnetic field is applied, a magnetic cluster is generated. That is, a large number of magnetic particles such as ferrite particles and iron powder in the magnetic polishing liquid are aggregated by the magnetic attractive force to form a magnetic class. Magnetic particles such as ferrite particles and iron powder function as abrasive grains for polishing, and the magnetic cluster itself becomes a magnetic brush that performs fine cutting. A large number of magnetic brushes line up in a needle-like manner against the object 5 along the magnetic flux, and ferrite particles that perform an abrasive action are suppressed on the surface of the object 5. At this time, since the axial cutting tool performs a scanning operation, the ferrite particles move while making contact with the surface of the object 5 to perform fine cutting. Thereby, the surface treatment by a non-contact fine cutting action can be performed.

  In this case, the cover ring 4 covers the permanent magnet 1, and the exposed portion of the permanent magnet 1 is only below the approximate center between the magnetic poles, as shown in FIG. Or as shown in FIG.4 (b), it can also adjust only in the further lower side rather than the approximate center between magnetic poles, for example, the setting which only about 25% of a diameter sees from a side surface can be exposed.

  Here, since the magnetic clusters are arranged along the magnetic flux in the magnetic paste 6, the cover ring 4 acts to prevent the permanent magnet 1 from moving toward the opposite pole (non-exposed side). That is, the magnetic cluster toward the opposite pole (non-exposed side) of the permanent magnet 1 is a useless component that does not contribute to the surface treatment of the object 5, and the cover ring 4 prevents the magnetic cluster from being blocked. it can. For this reason, the force (magnetic flux density) of a magnetic field can be concentrated only on the magnetic cluster which goes to the surface of the target object 5, and the distribution situation of a magnetic cluster can be improved favorably. Further, since the cover ring 4 blocks and blocks the magnetic cluster toward the opposite pole (non-exposed side) of the permanent magnet 1, the magnetic paste 6 can be prevented from dissipating and stay long between the object 5. Therefore, the magnetic paste 6 can be sufficiently and sufficiently dispersed and secured between the object 5 and the surface treatment can be stably performed with a high polishing force.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, in the setting where the cover ring 4 is further attached to the lower side, the cover ring 4 is closer to the object 5 side, so that the magnetic paste 6 is lower in height and higher in a narrower region. Can be kept in density. Therefore, the effect of concentrating the magnetic field force (magnetic flux density) only on the magnetic cluster toward the surface of the object 5 can be obtained more strongly. And the effect | action which suppresses dissipation of the magnetic paste 6 and is kept long between the objects 5 can also be acquired more strongly. As a result, the surface treatment can be more stably performed with a higher polishing force.

  5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the axial cutting tool is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and adopts a configuration in which the spherical permanent magnet 1 is held by the support 2 and used as a magnetic field generation source. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In this embodiment, the mounting state of the permanent magnet 1 and the shape of the cover ring 4 fitted to the support 2 are changed. That is, the outer diameter of the support 2 is set to be slightly thinner than the diameter of the permanent magnet 1, and the recess 20 at the end of the support 2 is also shallowly formed. Thereby, the permanent magnet 1 is set so that approximately 86% of the diameter is exposed when viewed from the side, and approximately 14% is embedded in the end portion.

  Although the cover ring 4 is formed in an annular shape, the lower peripheral edge is formed in an inclined portion 40 having no corners, and a screw hole is provided in the circumferential direction in a radial direction so as to be linked to the support 2 by screwing. ing. The cover ring 4 has a lower end surface formed into a recess 41 having a predetermined curvature and is adapted to a corresponding portion of the permanent magnet 1. When the cover ring 4 is fitted to the support 2, the cover ring 4 has a substantial gap between the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 1. It can be fixed at a position covering at least the upper side from the center.

  The shape of the permanent magnet 1 is not limited to a spherical shape, but may be appropriate, but a curved body with an appropriate curved shape on the tip side is preferable. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the permanent magnet 1 can also cut a part of a spherical shape into a flat shape and form the flat surface at an attachment site 10 with the support 2. In this case, the end portion of the support body 2 does not need to be formed into a recess, and the attachment portion 10 is fixed to the end portion that is finished flat, so that the permanent magnet 1 can be held in a joined state. Further, the cover ring 4 may be formed integrally with the support 2 as shown in FIG.

  Thus, even if it is the structure which provides the inclination part 40 about the cover ring 4, an effect | action is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, and in the magnetic paste 6, the magnetism which goes to the opposite pole (non-exposed side) of the permanent magnet 1 The cluster acts to prevent the cover ring 4 from blocking, and the magnetic clusters that are wasted can be reduced. And the force (magnetic flux density) of a magnetic field can be concentrated only on the magnetic cluster which goes to the surface of the target object 5, and the distribution condition of a magnetic cluster can be improved favorably. In addition, since the covering 4 blocks and blocks the magnetic cluster of wasted components, the magnetic paste 6 can be prevented from dissipating and stay long between the object 5 and the magnetic paste 6 is necessary between the object 5 and the object. It can be sufficiently dispersed and secured. As a result, the surface treatment can be stably performed with high polishing power.

  In order to demonstrate the effect of the present invention, the surface treatment (polishing) of the sample was performed using the three types of axial tools shown in FIG. The axis tool used in the evaluation test is the axis tool according to the present invention in FIG. 9A, the axis tool in Comparative Example 1 in FIG. 9B, and the axis tool in Comparative Example 2 in FIG. 9C. Then, the surface treatment (polishing) of the samples was performed using these axial tools, and the surface roughness (arithmetic average roughness Ra, ten-point average roughness Rz) of these samples was evaluated.

  The axial cutting tool according to the present invention in FIG. 9A has the configuration shown in FIG. 6. The spherical permanent magnet 1 has a diameter of 30 mm, the cylindrical support 2 has a diameter of 20 mm, and an inclined portion 40 is provided. The cover ring 4 was fixed at a position covering the upper side of the substantial center between the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 1. 9B is a configuration in which the cover ring 4 is removed from FIG. 9A, the spherical permanent magnet 1 has a diameter of 30 mm, and the cylindrical support 2 has a diameter. The permanent magnet 1 was set to expose approximately 86% of the diameter when viewed from the side, and approximately 14% was embedded in the end of the support 2. The shaft tool of Comparative Example 2 in FIG. 9 (c) has a configuration in which the exposure amount of the permanent magnet 1 is different, the spherical permanent magnet 1 has a diameter of 30 mm, and the cylindrical support body 2 has a diameter of 30 mm. The permanent magnet 1 was set to expose approximately 60% of the diameter when viewed from the side, and approximately 40% was embedded in the end of the support 2.

  The sample was a copper plate piece (size 50 × 50 mm) having a thickness of 5 mm, and six sheets were used side by side as shown in FIG. The magnetic paste 6 was prepared to 75% magnetic powder and 25% lubricating oil (vegetable oil), and 30 g was used per surface treatment. The surface treatment conditions were as follows: the non-contact gap between the shaft tool (permanent magnet 1) and the object 5 was 0.5 mm, the shaft tool rotation speed was 500 rpm, and the scanning operation had a moving speed of 400 mm / min and a moving pitch of 0. The polishing time was 0.5 hour for each copper plate piece of the sample, and 6 pieces were processed continuously as shown in FIG.

  When the surface treatment was performed under the above-described conditions and the surface roughness was measured for these samples, the graph shown in FIG. 11 was obtained. FIG. 11 (a) shows the result of polishing the shaft bit according to the present invention of FIG. 6, FIG. 11 (b) shows the result of polishing of the shaft bit of Comparative Example 1 with the cover ring removed from FIG. 11 (a), and FIG. ) Is a result of polishing the axial cutting tool of Comparative Example 2 in which the exposure amount of the permanent magnet 1 is different.

  As can be seen from FIG. 5, a good finished surface can be obtained in (a), the polishing power is reduced from about 20 minutes in (b), and the polishing time is 60 in (c). The polishing power decreased from about a minute. And in the axial tool | tool (a) which concerns on this invention, it confirmed that surface treatment could be performed stably for a long time with high polishing power, and an appropriate surface was obtained. This can be said to be a result of the fact that the distribution state of the magnetic clusters can be improved satisfactorily and the magnetic paste 6 is sufficiently and sufficiently dispersed and secured between the objects 5.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Permanent magnet 2 Support body 3 Shaft part 4 Covering 5 Object 6 Magnetic paste 20, 41 Recess 40 Inclined part s Axis center

Claims (5)

An axial tool that performs a surface treatment of a fine cutting action by keeping a non-contact state with respect to an object and interlocking with a magnetic paste that exists in the periphery,
A permanent magnet having a spherical shape or an appropriately curved surface on the front end side, a columnar shape and a support body that holds the attachment portion of the permanent magnet in a joined state to the end portion, and a rotating shaft that extends integrally from the support body. A shaft portion linked to a driving means such as a vibration shaft, and a cover ring formed of a non-magnetic material that is an annular shape fitted to the support,
The cover ring is fitted to the support and fixed at a position covering at least the upper side of the substantially center between the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet, and the tip of the permanent magnet protrudes outside the cover ring, and the protrusion An axial cutting tool for surface treatment, wherein the cover ring blocks a magnetic flux output from the tip of the permanent magnet toward the tip and the counter electrode .   2. The shaft tool for surface treatment according to claim 1, wherein the cover ring is made of a non-magnetic material such as a resin material or an aluminum material.   The shaft tool for surface treatment according to claim 1, wherein the cover ring has a lower peripheral edge formed in an inclined portion having no corners.   The shaft for surface treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a screw hole is provided in a radial direction on a peripheral surface of the cover ring and is linked to the support body by screwing. Part-Time Job.   The cover ring is formed in a substantially C shape with one part of the annular shape divided, and a screw hole is provided in a direction penetrating the divided part and screwed and connected, and the screwed connection is tightened to the support. The shaft tool for surface treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tool is linked by force.

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