JP5367080B2 - 大型セラミック転がり要素 - Google Patents
大型セラミック転がり要素 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5367080B2 JP5367080B2 JP2011524199A JP2011524199A JP5367080B2 JP 5367080 B2 JP5367080 B2 JP 5367080B2 JP 2011524199 A JP2011524199 A JP 2011524199A JP 2011524199 A JP2011524199 A JP 2011524199A JP 5367080 B2 JP5367080 B2 JP 5367080B2
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- ceramic
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- sintering
- powder
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 241000533950 Leucojum Species 0.000 description 14
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sintering aid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/584—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride
- C04B35/593—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride obtained by pressure sintering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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Description
セラミック部品を製造するための原材料は、構成成分を液体中で微粉砕し、続いてそのスラリーを乾燥させることによって生成された粉体である。乾燥は、例えば噴霧乾燥又は凍結乾燥によって実施することができる。軸受部品用の粉体を窒化ケイ素系とするのが、一般的である。窒化ケイ素及びサイアロン(ケイ素及び窒素がアルミニウム及び酸素で置換された窒化ケイ素系材料)の場合には、液相焼結のために少量の希土類粉体を添加してもよい。従来の工程でセラミック部品を形成させる際には、多くの場合、有機添加剤が、乾式加圧又は冷間等方圧加圧により未焼結体を形成させるためのバインダとして用いられる。最終的な緻密化の前に、セラミック未焼結体を燃焼して、有機添加剤を除去する必要がある。大型セラミック部品では、この工程に長時間を費やす可能性があり、小型又は中型の部品の場合よりも大型の物体で困難になる。
大きな寸法の部品を必要とする適用例では、金属軸受の代わりにセラミック軸受の需要が高い。軸受は、低重量、優れた機械的性質及び電気絶縁性などの性質が非常に優先される適用例で用いられている。セラミック軸受の性質の幾つかは、例えば低重量の軸受ではエネルギー消費が抑制され得るため、より環境に配慮した解決法としても有利となる。セラミック軸受を大規模に使用するためには、大型セラミック軸受の品質を改善し、そしてこれらの軸受の製造コストを削減しなければならない。
本発明の別の目的は、大型の高品質セラミック部品を製造する方法、特に費用効果があり、大型セラミック部品の製造に現在用いられている製造方法よりも迅速かつ低電力消費で操作することができる方法である。
窒化ケイ素及びサイアロン系部品では、ビッカース硬さ(Vicker’s hardness)HV10が、1550〜2200kgmm−2、典型的には1600〜2000kgmm−2の領域であり、押込み破壊靭性は、4.5〜10.0MPam1/2、典型的には5.0〜8.0MPam1/2であり、4点曲げ強さが600〜1000MPa、典型的には810MPaであった。部品はいわゆるスノーフレークを含まなかった。
Claims (5)
- 軸受用のセラミック転がり要素であって、少なくとも一方向で30mmを超える寸法を有するセラミック転がり要素において、前記セラミック転がり要素は、窒化ケイ素、サイアロン又はその混合物と、添加剤として最大10重量%の希土類酸化物と、を含むとともに電気パルス支援固化(SPS)法により焼結されたものであり、前記セラミック転がり要素は均一な微細構造と、理論的密度の少なくとも99%の密度と、1体積%の最大気孔体積又は0.2体積%の最大気孔体積と、0.2体積%を超えない第2のセラミック相体積分率と、を有し、かつ
前記第2のセラミック相は未反応の粉体又は電気パルス支援固化法にて形成された副生成物であり、かつ前記セラミック転がり要素は、1550〜2200kgmm−2であるビッカース硬さHV10と、5.0〜8.0MPam1/2である押込み破壊靭性と、600〜1000MPaである4点曲げ強さと、を有することを特徴とするセラミック転がり要素。 - 前記構造内に残存する可能な気孔が、均一に分布しているか、又は前記転がり要素のごく中心部である同転がり要素の口径の最大25%の領域のみで観察されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセラミック転がり要素。
- 前記転がり要素が、50重量%を超えるβ相含量を有することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のセラミック転がり要素。
- 前記均一な微細構造が、三次元網目構造を形成する細長いβ粒子を含むことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のセラミック転がり要素。
- 前記第2のセラミック相体積分率は、0.06体積%を超えないことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセラミック転がり要素。
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PCT/EP2008/061410 WO2010022788A1 (en) | 2008-08-29 | 2008-08-29 | Large ceramic component and method of manufacture |
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EP (1) | EP2323959A1 (ja) |
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WO2010022788A1 (en) | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Ab Skf | Large ceramic component and method of manufacture |
CN102137826B (zh) | 2008-08-29 | 2013-11-13 | Skf股份公司 | 陶瓷部件的制造方法 |
ITVR20090153A1 (it) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-01 | Eurocoating S P A | Procedimento per la realizzazione di materiale ceramico grezzo |
US8318622B2 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-11-27 | Kennametal Inc. | Alpha-beta SiAlON ballistic armor ceramic and method for making the same |
FR2964117B1 (fr) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-09-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Creuset pour la solidification de lingot de silicium |
CN104341157A (zh) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-02-11 | 牛继伟 | 淄博窑陶瓷大器烧制技艺 |
JP7018267B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-20 | 2022-02-10 | 日本碍子株式会社 | サイアロン焼結体、その製法、複合基板及び電子デバイス |
US10399906B2 (en) | 2016-09-20 | 2019-09-03 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Sialon sintered body, method for producing the same, composite substrate, and electronic device |
DE102016221609A1 (de) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-05-09 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Kugelelement für Lageranwendungen und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen |
KR102067144B1 (ko) * | 2017-06-26 | 2020-01-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 질화규소 소결체의 제조 방법, 질화규소 소결체 및 이를 이용한 방열 기판 |
DE102019116153A1 (de) | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-17 | Kennametal Inc. | Panzerungsplatte, Panzerungsplattenverbund und Panzerung |
CN111546248B (zh) * | 2020-05-19 | 2022-05-03 | 安徽海螺川崎装备制造有限公司 | 一种型砂再生系统磨盘结构 |
EP4221949A1 (en) * | 2020-10-03 | 2023-08-09 | Heraeus Conamic North America LLC | Apparatus for preparation of sintered ceramic body of large dimension |
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JPH0774103B2 (ja) * | 1986-12-27 | 1995-08-09 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 高硬度窒化珪素焼結体 |
JP2512061B2 (ja) * | 1987-11-26 | 1996-07-03 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 均質窒化珪素焼結体およびその製造方法 |
JP3456585B2 (ja) * | 1991-12-20 | 2003-10-14 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | β型窒化ケイ素質焼結体およびその製造方法 |
US5698156A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1997-12-16 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method of producing a silicon nitride based sintered body |
US5622905A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1997-04-22 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Silicon nitride based sintered body |
JP3617076B2 (ja) | 1993-06-30 | 2005-02-02 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 窒化ケイ素系焼結体及びその製造方法 |
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JP3853438B2 (ja) * | 1996-09-10 | 2006-12-06 | 宮城県 | 窒化珪素焼結体の製造方法 |
JP2002323051A (ja) * | 2001-04-24 | 2002-11-08 | Nsk Ltd | 溶融金属めっき装置用転がり軸受 |
CN1246253C (zh) | 2004-05-17 | 2006-03-22 | 清华大学 | 氮化硅陶瓷制造方法 |
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US7294596B2 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2007-11-13 | Diamorph Ceramic Ab | Sintered ceramic material with improved properties and method for its manufacturing |
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WO2010022788A1 (en) | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Ab Skf | Large ceramic component and method of manufacture |
CN102137826B (zh) * | 2008-08-29 | 2013-11-13 | Skf股份公司 | 陶瓷部件的制造方法 |
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WO2010022788A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
EP2323959A1 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
US8772190B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 |
CN102272074A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
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