JP5335801B2 - 高分子複合膜構造 - Google Patents
高分子複合膜構造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5335801B2 JP5335801B2 JP2010532014A JP2010532014A JP5335801B2 JP 5335801 B2 JP5335801 B2 JP 5335801B2 JP 2010532014 A JP2010532014 A JP 2010532014A JP 2010532014 A JP2010532014 A JP 2010532014A JP 5335801 B2 JP5335801 B2 JP 5335801B2
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- inorganic
- porous support
- composite membrane
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- membrane structure
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Images
Classifications
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/38—Polyalkenylalcohols; Polyalkenylesters; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylaldehydes; Polyalkenylketones; Polyalkenylacetals; Polyalkenylketals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
無機多孔質支持体であって、第1の端部と、第2の端部と、多孔質壁により画成された表面を有し、第1の端部から第2の端部まで支持体を通って延在する複数の内部通路とを備えた無機多孔質支持体;
必要に応じての、無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面を被覆する1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層;および
高分子アミン含有膜;
を備えた複合膜構造であって、
複合膜構造が1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層を備えない場合、無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面が500ナノメートル以下の中央細孔サイズを有し、かつ高分子アミン含有膜が無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面を被覆し;複合膜構造が1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層を備える場合、高分子アミン含有膜が1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層の表面を被覆する複合膜構造に関する。
無機多孔質支持体であって、第1の端部と、第2の端部と、多孔質壁により画成された表面を有し、第1の端部から第2の端部まで支持体を通って延在する複数の内部通路とを備えた無機多孔質支持体を提供する工程;
必要に応じて、無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面に1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層を施す工程;および
高分子アミン含有膜を施す工程であって、1つ以上の無機中間層が無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面に施されていない場合、無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面が500ナノメートル以下の中央細孔サイズを有し、かつ高分子アミン含有膜が無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面に施され;1つ以上の無機中間層が無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面に施されている場合、高分子アミン含有膜が1つ以上の無機中間層の表面に施される工程;
を有してなる。
無機多孔質支持体であって、第1の端部と、第2の端部と、多孔質壁により画成された表面を有し、第1の端部から第2の端部まで支持体を通って延在する複数の内部通路とを備えた無機多孔質支持体;
必要に応じての、無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面を被覆する1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層;および
高分子アミン含有膜;
を備えた複合膜構造であって、
複合膜構造が1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層を備えない場合、無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面が500ナノメートル以下の中央細孔サイズを有し、かつ高分子アミン含有膜が無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面を被覆し;複合膜構造が1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層を備える場合、高分子アミン含有膜が1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層の表面を被覆する複合膜構造に関する。
を有するコポリマーなどの異なるアミノ官能化モノマーのコポリマー(ランダムコポリマー、シーケンシャルコポリマー、ブロックコポリマー、グラフトコポリマーなど);並びに式:
を有するものなどの、アミノ・デンドリマー/星形高分子およびコポリマーが挙げられる。
を有するコポリマーなどの異なるアルコール官能化モノマーのコポリマー(ランダムコポリマー、シーケンシャルコポリマー、ブロックコポリマー、グラフトコポリマーなど)が挙げられる。さらに他の適切な親水性高分子の例としては、アルコール(OH)およびアミン(例えば、第一級、第二級、第三級、または第四級)官能基の両方を含む高分子が挙げられる。アルコール(OH)およびアミン(例えば、第一級、第二級、第三級、または第四級)官能基の両方を含むそのようなポリマーの例としては、例えば、以下の式:
無機多孔質支持体であって、第1の端部と、第2の端部と、多孔質壁により画成された表面を有し、第1の端部から第2の端部まで支持体を通って延在する複数の内部通路とを備えた支持体を提供する工程;
必要に応じて、無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面に1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層を施す工程;および
高分子アミン含有膜を施す工程であって、1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層が無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面に施されていない場合、無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面が500ナノメートル以下の中央細孔サイズを有し、かつ高分子アミン含有膜が無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面に施され;1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層が無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面に施されている場合、高分子アミン含有膜が1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層の表面に施される工程;
を有してなる。
TiO2、SiO2、およびアルファアルミナに基づく3種類のセラミックモノリスを高分子膜で被覆した。
PEImまたはPAAmを高分子膜の第1の層(底層)として基体に被覆した。これは一部には、PEImまたはPAAmは、例えば、図8の図式に示されるように、カルバミン酸イオン中間体の形成により、CO2輸送のためのマトリクスを提供するであろう、多量のアミノ基を含有すると考えられたからである。図8において、矢印80は供給側の吸収プロセスを示し、矢印82は透過側の脱着プロセスを示す。
この実施例3では、ガンマアルミナ被覆アルファアルミナ基体を用いた複合膜構造の透過率テストを記載する。実施例1に記載したように、ガンマアルミナ被覆アルファアルミナ基体は、2つの改良被覆層である、約100nmの平均細孔サイズを有する10マイクロメートル厚の改良被覆層および約5nmの平均細孔サイズを有する1〜2マイクロメートル厚のガンマアルミナ層を有する、アルファアルミナ系セラミックモノリスである。
透過率=QP/((SAM)A(ΔP))
に基づいて計算され、ここで、QPは、標準条件下での毎分立方センチメートル(「sccm」)の単位の透過率流量であり;SAMは、平方センチメートル(cm2)の単位の透過されている表面積(すなわち、通路の全表面積)であり;ΔPは、バール(106ダイン/cm2)の単位の、通路側と透過側との間の圧力差である。これらの結果が図13に示されている。図13は、Heの透過率はCO2の透過率の約2倍であるのに対し、N2の透過率はCO2の透過率よりもわずかに大きいことを示している。ガンマアルミナ被覆アルファアルミナ支持体の通路壁は、約5nmの細孔サイズを有するので、ガンマアルミナ層を通るガス輸送には、ヌーセン拡散が著しく寄与し得る。Heの分子量はCO2のものよりずっと小さいので、HeはCO2よりもずっと速い輸送速度を有すると予測される。図13はまた、3種類のガスの透過率は、おそらくガス密度の減少により、温度が20℃から65℃まで上昇するにつれて、わずかに減少することも示している。
4,24,62 無機多孔質支持体
6,26,60,92 高分子膜
8,28,54 第1の端部
10,30,68 第2の端部
12,32,58 内部通路
16,36 多孔質壁
52 供給ガス
70 保持ガス流
86,94 被覆前の表面
88,96,100 第1の層
90,98,102 第2の層
Claims (8)
- 複合膜構造において、
無機多孔質支持体であって、第1の端部と、第2の端部と、多孔質壁により画成された表面を有し、前記第1の端部から前記第2の端部まで該支持体を通って延在する複数の内部通路とを備えた無機多孔質支持体;
前記無機多孔質支持体の前記内部通路の表面を被覆する1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層;および
高分子アミン含有膜;
を備えた複合膜構造であって、
前記高分子アミン含有膜が前記1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層の表面を被覆し、
前記高分子アミン含有膜上に被覆された高分子保護層をさらに含む、
ことを特徴とする複合膜構造。 - 複合膜構造において、
無機多孔質支持体であって、第1の端部と、第2の端部と、多孔質壁により画成された表面を有し、前記第1の端部から前記第2の端部まで該支持体を通って延在する複数の内部通路とを備えた無機多孔質支持体;および
高分子アミン含有膜;
を備えた複合膜構造であって、
前記複合膜構造が前記1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層を備えず、前記無機多孔質支持体の前記内部通路の表面が500ナノメートル以下の中間細孔サイズを有し、かつ前記高分子アミン含有膜が前記無機多孔質支持体の前記内部通路の表面を被覆し、
前記高分子アミン含有膜上に被覆された高分子保護層をさらに含む、
ことを特徴とする複合膜構造。 - 前記無機多孔質支持体がハニカムモノリスの形態にあることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の複合膜構造。
- 前記無機多孔質支持体がセラミックモノリスであることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の複合膜構造。
- 前記高分子アミン含有膜が架橋ポリアミンを含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の複合膜構造。
- ガス流中のCO2および/またはH2S含有量を減少させる方法であって、
CO2および/またはH2Sを含む供給ガスを、請求項1または2記載の複合膜構造の第1の端部に導入する工程;および
前記複合膜構造の第2の端部から、前記供給ガスよりもCO2および/またはH2S含有量の少ない保持ガス流を収集する工程;
を有してなる方法。 - 複合膜構造を製造する方法において、
無機多孔質支持体であって、第1の端部と、第2の端部と、多孔質壁により画成された表面を有し、前記第1の端部から前記第2の端部まで該支持体を通って延在する複数の内部通路とを備えた無機多孔質支持体を提供する工程;
前記無機多孔質支持体の内部通路の表面に1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層を施す工程;
高分子アミン含有膜を施す工程;
を有してなり、
前記高分子アミン含有膜が該1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層の表面に施され、
前記高分子アミン含有膜に高分子保護層を施す工程をさらに含む、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 複合膜構造を製造する方法において、
無機多孔質支持体であって、第1の端部と、第2の端部と、多孔質壁により画成された表面を有し、前記第1の端部から前記第2の端部まで該支持体を通って延在する複数の内部通路とを備えた無機多孔質支持体を提供する工程;
高分子アミン含有膜を施す工程;
を有してなり、
前記1つ以上の多孔質無機中間層が前記無機多孔質支持体の前記内部通路の表面に施されておらず、該無機多孔質支持体の該内部通路の表面が500ナノメートル以下の中央細孔サイズを有し、かつ前記高分子アミン含有膜が該無機多孔質支持体の該内部通路の表面に施され、
前記高分子アミン含有膜に高分子保護層を施す工程をさらに含む、
ことを特徴とする方法。
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US12/112,661 US7914875B2 (en) | 2007-10-29 | 2008-04-30 | Polymer hybrid membrane structures |
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WO2009058205A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
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US7914875B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 |
JP2011502749A (ja) | 2011-01-27 |
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