JP5252926B2 - 薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子の製造方法、該方法に使用されるエクストルーダー、及びシロスタゾールを含有する徐放性製剤 - Google Patents
薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子の製造方法、該方法に使用されるエクストルーダー、及びシロスタゾールを含有する徐放性製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5252926B2 JP5252926B2 JP2007551147A JP2007551147A JP5252926B2 JP 5252926 B2 JP5252926 B2 JP 5252926B2 JP 2007551147 A JP2007551147 A JP 2007551147A JP 2007551147 A JP2007551147 A JP 2007551147A JP 5252926 B2 JP5252926 B2 JP 5252926B2
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- cilostazol
- acid ester
- fatty acid
- particles
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- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940045136 urea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005356 urokinase Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- GBABOYUKABKIAF-GHYRFKGUSA-N vinorelbine Chemical compound C1N(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=22)CC(CC)=C[C@H]1C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C1=CC([C@]23[C@H]([C@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]4(CC)C=CCN([C@H]34)CC2)(O)C(=O)OC)N2C)=C2C=C1OC GBABOYUKABKIAF-GHYRFKGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000001892 vitamin D2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011653 vitamin D2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N vitamin D2 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)/C=C/[C@H](C)C(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003721 vitamin K derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N xanthophyll Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C=C(C)C(O)CC2(C)C FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HBOMLICNUCNMMY-XLPZGREQSA-N zidovudine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](N=[N+]=[N-])C1 HBOMLICNUCNMMY-XLPZGREQSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
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- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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Description
更に、本発明者等は、(A)シロスタゾール結晶と共に、(B)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを組み合わせて含み、更に平均粒子径を40〜200μmとしたワックスマトリックス粒子を含む製剤は、シロスタゾールの徐放性に優れ、しかも空腹時投与と食後投与の場合にシロスタゾール放出や血中濃度推移の差が少なくなることを見出した。本発明は、これらの知見に基づいて、更に改良を重ねることにより完成したものである。
項1. 少なくとも1種の薬物及び少なくとも1種のワックスを含有する薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子の製造方法であって、(i)前記少なくとも1種の薬物及び少なくとも1種のワックスを、バレル及びダイの温度を前記ワックスの融点以上の温度に設定したエクストルーダーに供給する工程、及び
(ii)前記エクストルーダー内で前記薬物及びワックスを溶融混練しながら、前記エクストルーダーのバレルの先端に設けられたダイ部に直接装着したスプレーノズルから、溶融混練された前記薬物及びワックスの混合物を前記ワックスの融点未満の温度雰囲気中に噴霧吐出することにより、粒子状に成形する工程、
を含む、製造方法。
項2. 前記スプレーノズルが一流体ノズル、加圧ノズル、二流体ノズル又は多流体ノズルである、項1に記載の製造方法。
項3. 前記エクストルーダーが単軸エクストルーダー、二軸エクストルーダー又は三軸以上の多軸エクストルーダーである、項1に記載の製造方法。
項4. 薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子が球形である、項1に記載の製造方法。
項5. 薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子の平均粒子径が1mm以下である、項4に記載の製造方法。
項6. 薬物が、テオフィリン、シロスタゾール、ケトプロフェン、ナプロキセン、ジクロフェナック、イトラコナゾール、ピロキシカム、フェニトイン、ベラパミル、プロブコール、及びトルバプタンよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、項1に記載の製造方法。
項7. ワックスが、パラフィン、マイクロクリスタリンワックス、セレシン、木ロウ,カカオ脂,カルナバロウ、ミツロウ、セタノール、ステリルアルコール、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、グリセリン有機酸脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、及び硬化油よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、項1に記載の製造方法。
項8. 薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子が、該粒子の総量当たり、薬物を0.001〜90重量%、ワックスを0.1〜99.99重量%含有するものである、項1に記載の製造方法。
項9. 薬物が(A)シロスタゾールであり、ワックスが(B)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルであり、製造される薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子の平均粒子径が40〜200μmである、項1に記載の製造方法。
項10. 更に、(iii)前記工程(ii)で得られた粒子に対して40〜55℃の温度条件下で加熱処理する工程を含む、項9に記載の製造方法。
項11. 前記工程(iii)が、前記工程(ii)で得られた粒子の表面に不活性粉末を付着させた後に、40〜55℃の温度条件下で加熱処理する工程である、項10に記載の製造方法。
項12. 温度制御手段を備えているバレルと、
少なくとも1種の薬物と少なくとも1種のワックスを前記バレル内に供給する供給口と、
前記バレルに設けられた出口ダイ部と、
前記バレル内に配置されてなり、溶融混錬された前記薬物とワックスの混合物を調製し、該混合物を前記出口ダイ部に搬送するための押し出しスクリューと、
前記出口ダイ部に直接装着され、溶融混錬された薬物とワックスの混合物を噴霧吐出可能なスプレーノズルと
を備えていることを特徴とする、薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子製造用エクストルーダー。
項13. 更に、前記スプレーノズルから噴霧された溶融混錬された薬物とワックスの混合物を固化させて粒子を形成させるための粒子形成用チャンバーを備えていることを特徴とする、項12に記載の薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子製造用エクストルーダー。
項14. (A)シロスタゾール結晶、及び(B)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含有する粒子を含み、該粒子の平均粒子径が40〜200μmであることを特徴とする、徐放性製剤。
項15. 上記(A)シロスタゾール結晶の平均粒子径が10μm以下である、項14に記載の徐放性製剤。
項16. 徐放性製剤中の前記粒子の総量に対して、(A)シロスタゾール結晶を5〜60重量%、及び(B)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを30〜95重量%含む、項14に記載の徐放性製剤。
項17. 更に、水溶性セルロース誘導体を含む、項14に記載の徐放性製剤。
項18. 水溶性セルロース誘導体がヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースである、項17に記載の徐放性製剤。
項19. 徐放性製剤の総量に対して、水溶性セルロース誘導体を総量で1〜15重量%含む、項17に記載の徐放性製剤。
項20. 徐放性製剤の総量に対して、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースを1〜15重量%含む、項18に記載の徐放性製剤。
項21. 上記(A)及び(B)成分を含む粒子が、上記(A)及び(B)成分の溶融混合物を固化させることにより調製された粒子である、項14に記載の徐放性製剤。
項22. 前記粒子の表面に不活性粉末が付着している、項14に記載の徐放性製剤。
項23. 前記不活性粉末が、タルク、軽質無水ケイ酸、酸化チタン、及びセルロース系ポリマーよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、項22に記載の徐放性製剤。
項24. 前記(B)成分が、グリセリンステアリン酸エステル、ポリグリセリンステアリン酸エステル、グリセリンベヘン酸エステル、及びポリグリセリンベヘン酸エステルよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、項14に記載の徐放性製剤。
項25. 前記(B)成分が、グリセリンベヘン酸エステル、ジグリセリンステアリン酸エステル、及びトリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステルよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、項14に記載の徐放性製剤。
項26. 以下の工程(i)及び(ii)を経て製造される、請求項14に記載の徐放性製剤:
(i)(A)シロスタゾール、及び(B)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを、バレル及びダイの温度を前記(B)成分の融点以上の温度に設定したエクストルーダーに供給する工程、及び
(ii)前記エクストルーダー内で前記(A)及び(B)成分を溶融混練しながら、前記エクストルーダーのバレルの先端に設けられたダイ部に直接装着したスプレーノズルから、溶融混練された前記(A)及び(B)成分の混合物を前記(B)成分の融点未満の温度雰囲気中に噴霧吐出することにより、粒子状に成形する工程。
項27. 前記工程(i)において、更に、前記(A)及び(B)成分に加えて、(C)水溶性セルロース誘導体を供給する、項26に記載の徐放性製剤。
項28. 更に、(iii)前記工程(ii)で得られた粒子に対して40〜55℃の温度条件下で加熱処理する工程を経て製造される、項26に記載の徐放性製剤。
項29 更に、前記工程(iii)において、加熱処理に先だって、前記工程(ii)で得られた粒子の表面に不活性粉末を付着させる工程を含む、項26に記載の徐放性製剤。
エクストルーダー
本発明の製造方法は、バレルの先端に設けられた出口ダイ部にスプレーノズルが装着されているエクストルーダーを使用して実施される。
本発明の方法では、所定量の原料がエクストルーダーに供給され、これらの原料を溶融混練する。エクストルーダーに供給される原料は、製造される薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子に配合される成分であり、具体的には、少なくとも1種の薬物、及び少なくとも1種のワックスが挙げられる。また、本発明で製造される薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子には、薬物及びワックス以外に他の添加剤を含有してもよく、このように添加剤を含む場合には、原料として、薬物及びワックスと共に、添加剤がエクストルーダーに供給される。
上記の条件で原料(薬物、ワックス、及び必要に応じて添加剤)を溶融混練しながら、溶融混練原料をエクストルーダーのダイ部に装着したスプレーノズルから、前記ワックスの融点未満の温度雰囲気中に噴霧吐出させる。溶融混練原料をスプレーノズルから前記温度雰囲気中に噴霧吐出させる際の吐出速度としては、最終的に得られる薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子の粒子径、溶融混練原料の粘度等を考慮し、更に、スプレーノズルの形状、スプレーノズルの吐出孔の孔径、二流体以上の多流体ノズルの場合にはスプレーエアーの空気量等に応じて適宜決定される。
ワックスマトリックス粒子内で薬物が完全に結晶化されていない場合において、薬物の結晶を生成させることにより、薬物に安定した放出制御特性を備えさせることができる。
本発明の製造方法で使用される薬物としては、薬学的に許容されるものであって、薬理活性作用を示す限り、特に制限されず、水溶性、脂溶性又は難水溶性のいずれであってもよい。当該薬物の一例として、アンジオテンシン2受容体拮抗剤(ARB)、胃腸薬、栄養剤、栄養性油、オピオイド系鎮痛薬、カルシウム(Ca)拮抗剤、過活動膀胱治療薬、角質溶解薬、強心薬、筋弛緩剤、抗悪性腫瘍薬、抗ウイルス薬、抗炎症薬、抗菌薬、抗狭心症薬、駆虫薬、抗欝薬、統合失調症治療薬、抗癲癇薬、抗不整脈薬、鎮痛薬、抗真菌薬、抗凝固薬、抗糖尿病薬、抗痛風薬、抗高血圧薬、抗尿失禁薬、抗マラリア薬、抗片頭痛薬、抗ムスカリン様薬、抗パーキンソン薬、抗ヒスタミン薬、抗肥満薬、抗不安薬、抗不整脈薬、抗良性前立腺肥大薬、興奮薬、骨粗鬆症治療薬、コルチコステロイド、CCR5受容体拮抗剤(HIVエントリー阻害剤)、脂質調節薬、鎮痙薬、勃起性機能不全改善薬、免疫抑制薬、抗原虫薬、抗甲状腺薬、Cox−2阻害剤、催眠薬、筋弛緩薬、性ホルモン、鎮静薬、認識エンハンサー、排尿障害改善薬、β遮断薬、必須脂肪酸、非必須脂肪酸、プロテアーゼ阻害剤、マクロライド系抗生物質、利尿薬、ロイコトリエン拮抗薬、等の各種製剤に配合される通常の薬物を挙げることができる。本発明において、薬物は、1種単独で使用してもよく、また2種以上を任意に組み合わせて使用してもよい。
本発明の製造方法で使用されるワックス(ワックスマトリックス基材)としては、薬学的に許容されるものであって、常温(30℃)で固形状を示すものであれば特に制限されず、融点として40〜120℃、好ましくは40〜90℃の動物由来、植物由来、合成、又は半合成のいずれであってもよい。当該融点については、「第14改正日本薬局方 一般試験法 14.凝固点測定法」に従って測定される。
また、本発明の製造方法において、原料として、上記薬物及びワックスに加えて、更に界面活性剤を適当量配合することもできる。このような界面活性剤としては、アルキルグルコシド、アルキルマルトシド、アルキルチオグルコシド、ラウリルマクロゴールグリセリド、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェノール、ポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ポリエチレングリコールグリセロール脂肪酸エステル、ポリエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレンブロックコポリマー、ポリオキシエチレングリセリド、ポリオキシエチレンステロール、その誘導体、ポリオキシエチレン植物油、ポリオキシエチレン硬化植物油、トコフェロールポリエチレングリコールスクシネート(TPGS)、糖エステル、糖エーテル、スクログリセリド、低級アルコール(C2〜C4)と脂肪酸(C8〜C18)とのエステル等が挙げられる。
本発明の製造方法で製される薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子は、医薬製剤として使用される。当該製剤は、薬物含有ワックスマトリックス粒子自体の散剤や顆粒剤の形態であってもよいが、マイクロカプセル、ソフトカプセル、ハードカプセル等に充填されてカプセル剤の形態をとることもできる。
更に、本発明は、シロスタゾールを含むワックスマトリックス粒子を含む徐放性製剤を提供する。当該徐放性製剤に含まれるシロスタゾール含有ワックスマトリックス粒子は、前述する製造方法によって簡便に調製することができるが、他の製法により製造されたものであってもよく、その製法については特に限定されない。
実施例1
図2に示す構成のエクストルーダーを使用して、ワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行った。エクストルーダーとしては、以下の構成及びその操作条件は以下の通りである。
エクストルーダーのタイプ:二軸エクストルーダー(KEX-25、栗本鉄工所製)
スクリュー形状:下流から上流側にコンベアー、ニーディング、ミキシング部が直列に連なっている形状
スプレーノズル:二流体ノズル
スクリュー部の長さ:約50cm
スクリューの回転速度:125rpm
スプレーノズルの吐出孔の形状、孔径:丸型、φ0.5mm
原料のバレル内滞留時間:約2分
バレル温度の設定温度:バレルジャケット1a-1は140℃、バレルジャケット1a-2は150℃、バレルジャケット1a-3及び1a-4は160℃
スプレーエアーの温度及び導入速度:約200℃、25L/min
溶融混練物の吐出孔1個当たりの吐出速度:50g/分
粒子形成用チャンバー内の雰囲気:空気、約30℃。
原料として、テオフィリン300g、エチルセルロース10g、及びグリセリン脂肪酸エステル(グリセリンモノベヘン酸エステル;融点約75℃)690gを混合し、得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例1と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行った。
原料として、テオフィリン300g、及び硬化油(融点:約86℃)700gを混合し、得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例1と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行った。
原料として、シロスタゾール1350g、ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(ポエムJ-2081、理研ビタミン社製)1710g、ペンタグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(サンソフトA-181E、太陽化学社製)990g、及びポリビニルピロリドン、(Kollidon25、 ポビドン、 BASF社製)450gを混合し、得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例1と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行った。
図2に示す構成のエクストルーダーを使用して、ワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行った。エクストルーダーとしては、以下の構成及びその操作条件は以下の通りである:
エクストルーダーのタイプ: 二軸エクストルーダー(KEX-25、栗本鉄工所製)
スクリュー形状: 下流から上流側にコンベアー、ニーディング、ミキシング部が直列に連なっている形状
スプレーノズル: 二流体ノズル
スクリュー部の長さ: 約50cm
スクリューの回転速度: 130rpm
スプレーノズルの吐出孔の形状、孔径: 丸型、φ0.5mm
原料のバレル内滞留時間: 約2分
バレル温度の設定温度: バレルジャケット1a-1は140℃、バレルジャケット1a-2は160℃、バレルジャケット1a-3は165℃、及び1a-4は160℃
スプレーエアーの温度及び導入速度: 約200℃、25L/min
溶融混練物の吐出孔1個当たりの吐出速度: 50g/分
粒子形成用チャンバー内の雰囲気: 空気、約30℃。
原料として、平均粒子径約20μmのシロスタゾール240g、ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(ポエムJ-2081、理研ビタミン)336g及びトリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステル(TR-HB、理研ビタミン)24gを混合し、得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例1と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行った。
原料として、平均粒子径約20μmのシロスタゾール240g、ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(ポエムJ-2081、理研ビタミン)324g及びトリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステル(TR-HB、理研ビタミン)36gを混合し、得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例5と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行った。
原料として、平均粒子径約20μmのシロスタゾール240g、ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(ポエムJ-2081、理研ビタミン)234g、トリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステル(TR-HB、理研ビタミン)24g及びグリセリンベヘン酸エステル(ポエムB-100、理研ビタミン)102gを混合し、得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例5と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行った。
平均粒子径約20μmのシロスタゾール240g、ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(ポエムJ-2081V、理研ビタミン)222g、トリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステル(TR-HB、理研ビタミン)24g、グリセリンベヘン酸エステル(ポエムB-100、理研ビタミン)96g及びヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(TC-5E、信越化学)18gを混合した。得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例5と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行なった。但し、バレル温度は1a-1が120℃、1a-2が185℃、1a-3が185℃、1a-4が185℃;スプレーエアーは約200℃、50L/min;溶融混合物の吐出孔1個当たりの吐出速度は118g/分とした。得られた粒子314gにタルク12.6gを添加して混合し,50℃で16時間加熱処理した。次いで,目開き350μmの篩で整粒した。
平均粒子径約20μmのシロスタゾール240g、ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(ポエムJ-2081V、理研ビタミン)210g、トリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステル(TR-HB、理研ビタミン)24g、グリセリンベヘン酸エステル(ポエムB-100、理研ビタミン)90g及びヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(TC-5E、信越化学)36gを混合した。得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例5と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行なった。但し、バレル温度は1a-1が120℃、1a-2が185℃、1a-3が185℃、1a-4が185℃;スプレーエアーは約200℃、40L/min;溶融混合物の吐出孔1個当たりの吐出速度は175g/minとした。得られた粒子353gにタルク14.1gを添加して混合し、50℃で16時間加熱処理した。次いで,目開き350μmの篩で整粒した。
平均粒子径約20μmのシロスタゾール240g、ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(ポエムJ-2081V、理研ビタミン)198g、トリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステル(TR-HB、理研ビタミン)24g、グリセリンベヘン酸エステル(ポエムB-100、理研ビタミン)84g及びヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(TC-5E、信越化学)54gを混合した。得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例5と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行なった。但し、バレル温度は1a-1が120℃、1a-2が185℃、1a-3が185℃、1a-4が185℃;スプレーエアーは約200℃、50L/min;溶融混合物の吐出孔1個当たりの吐出速度は120g/minとした。得られた粒子267gにタルク10.7gを添加して混合し,50℃で16時間加熱処理した。次いで,目開き350μmの篩で整粒した。
平均粒子径約20μmのシロスタゾール240g、ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(ポエムJ-2081V、理研ビタミン)222g、トリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステル(TR-HB、理研ビタミン)24g及びヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(TC-5E、信越化学)60gを混合した。得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例5と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行なった。但し、バレル温度は1a-1が130℃、1a-2が165℃、1a-3が175℃、1a-4が170℃;スプレーエアーは約200℃、50L/min;溶融混合物の吐出孔1個当たりの吐出速度は140g/minとした。得られた粒子320gにタルク12.8gを添加して混合し,50℃で16時間加熱処理した。次いで,目開き350μmの篩で整粒した。
平均粒子径約20μmのシロスタゾール240g、ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル(ポエムJ-2081V、理研ビタミン)228g、トリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステル(TR-HB、理研ビタミン)48g、グリセリンベヘン酸エステル(ポエムB-100、理研ビタミン)60g及びカルボキビニルポリマー(Carbopol974P)24gを混合した。得られた混合原料を用いて、上記実施例5と同条件でワックスマトリックス粒子の製造を行なった。但し、バレル温度は1a-1が120℃、1a-2が185℃、1a-3が185℃、1a-4が185℃;スプレーエアーは約200℃、45L/min;溶融混合物の吐出孔1個当たりの吐出速度は128g/minとした。得られた粒子384gにタルク15.4gを添加して混合し,50℃で16時間加熱処理した。次いで、目開き350μmの篩で整粒した。
実施例13で得られたワックスマトリックス粒子260gに、更に軽質無水ケイ酸(アドソリダー101/YKF)1.0gを混合し、得られた混合物261mgを硬カプセルに充填して、カプセル剤を製造した。
シロスタゾール1350g、ポエムJ-2081(ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル、理研ビタミン社製)1710g、サンソフトA-181E(ペンタグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル、太陽化学社製)990g、及びポビドン(Kollidon25、 ポリビニルピロリドン、 BASF社製)450gを密閉式ジャケット付攪拌タンク内に添加し、150℃に加熱しながら混練して、透明な溶融液を調製した。この溶融混練液をタンク内から回転ディスク式のスプレークーラー(直径2.5m)に加圧により送液した。タンクからディスクまでの配管約60cmはリボンヒーターで約150℃に加熱していたが、配管途中でシロスタゾールが析出して配管詰まりを生じ、噴霧不可能であった。この結果から、本比較例1の方法では、実施例4と同一の原料成分を使用しても、ワックスマトリックス粒子を製造できないことが確認された。
シロスタゾール1000g、ポエムJ-2081(ジグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル、理研ビタミン社製)1800g、ポビドン(Kollidon25、 ポリビニルピロリドン、 BASF社製)400g及びサンソフトNo.621G(グリセリンクエン酸モノステアリン酸エステル、太陽化学社製)800gを使用して、上記比較例と同様の条件で、溶融液の調製、スプレークーラーへの送液を行い、回転ディスクにて噴霧冷却造粒した、その結果、僅かにワックスマトリックス粒子が得られた。しかしながら、タンク内の接液面、シャフト部及び配管内にシロスタゾールの結晶が析出していた。また、得られたワックスマトリックス粒子中のシロスタゾール含量は理論値に対して45%であった。
実施例5−8のワックスマトリックス粒子を用いて、シロスタゾール放出特性について評価した。具体的には、シロスタゾール15mg相当量のワックスマトリックス粒子(実施例5−8)を用い、溶出液として1重量%ポリソルベート80水溶液900mLを用いて、日本薬局方第14改正 溶出試験法第2法パドル法にて、パドル回転数75rpmとして溶出試験を行い、溶出液中に溶出したシロスタゾール量を経時的に測定(257nm及び325nmの二波長の測定)して、ワックスマトリックス粒子から溶出したシロスタゾールの割合(溶出率)(%)を求めた。
実施例6又は8のワックスマトリックス粒子のシロスタゾール100mg相当量をゼラチンカプセルに充填し、このゼラチンカプセル1個を3頭のビーグル犬に空腹下又は食後に経口投与し、経時的に採血を行い血中シロスタゾール濃度を測定した。また、同様に市販プレタール錠(シロスタゾールとして100mgに相当量、結晶セルロース、トウモロコシデンプン、カルメロースカルシウム、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、及びステアリン酸マグネシウム含有)(速放錠)を経口投与し、経時的に採血を行い血中シロスタゾール濃度を測定した。得られた血中濃度推移の比較を図5に、また算出した薬物動態パラメータを表1に示す。
実施例10又は13のワックスマトリックス粒子のシロスタゾール100mg相当量をゼラチンカプセルに充填し、このゼラチンカプセル1個を3頭のビーグル犬に食後に経口投与し、経時的に採血を行い血中シロスタゾール濃度を測定した。得られた血中シロスタゾール濃度から算出した薬物動態パラメータを表2に示す。
2 供給口
3 出口ダイ部
4 スクリュー
5 スプレーノズル
6 粒子形成用チャンバー
7 排気手段
10 スプレーノズルの吐出孔5bから吐出されたワックスマトリックス粒子
Claims (17)
- (A)シロスタゾール結晶、及び
(B)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル
を含有する粒子を含み、
該粒子は、粒子径が10μm以下であるシロスタゾール結晶を含有しており、
該粒子の平均粒子径が40〜200μmであり、
該粒子が、シロスタゾール並びにグリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの溶融混合物を噴霧して固化させることにより調製された粒子である、
徐放性製剤。 - 前記(A)シロスタゾール結晶の平均粒子径が10μm以下である、請求項1に記載の徐放性製剤。
- 徐放性製剤中の前記粒子の総量に対して、(A)シロスタゾール結晶を5〜60重量%、及び(B)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを30〜95重量%含む、請求項1又は2に記載の徐放性製剤。
- 更に、水溶性セルロース誘導体を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の徐放性製剤。
- 水溶性セルロース誘導体がヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースである、請求項4に記載の徐放性製剤。
- 徐放性製剤の総量に対して、水溶性セルロース誘導体を総量で1〜15重量%含む、請求項4又は5に記載の徐放性製剤。
- 前記粒子の表面に不活性粉末が付着している、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の徐放性製剤。
- 前記不活性粉末が、タルク、軽質無水ケイ酸、酸化チタン、及びセルロース系ポリマーよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項7に記載の徐放性製剤。
- 前記(B)成分が、グリセリンステアリン酸エステル、ポリグリセリンステアリン酸エステル、グリセリンベヘン酸エステル、及びポリグリセリンベヘン酸エステルよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の徐放性製剤。
- 前記(B)成分が、グリセリンベヘン酸エステル、ジグリセリンステアリン酸エステル、及びトリグリセリンハーフベヘン酸エステルよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の徐放性製剤。
- 以下の工程(i)及び(ii)を経て製造される、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の徐放性製剤:
(i)(a)シロスタゾール、及び(b)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを、バレル及びダイの温度を前記(b)成分の融点以上の温度に設定したエクストルーダーに供給する工程、及び
(ii)前記エクストルーダー内で前記(a)及び(b)成分を溶融混練しながら、前記エクストルーダーのバレルの先端に設けられたダイ部に直接装着したスプレーノズルから、溶融混練された前記(a)及び(b)成分の混合物を前記(b)成分の融点未満の温度雰囲気中に噴霧吐出することにより、粒子状に成形する工程。 - 前記工程(i)において、更に、前記(a)及び(b)成分に加えて、(c)水溶性セルロース誘導体を供給する、請求項11に記載の徐放性製剤。
- 更に、(iii)前記工程(ii)で得られた粒子に対して40〜55℃の温度条件下で加熱処理する工程を経て製造される、請求項11又は12に記載の徐放性製剤。
- 更に、前記工程(iii)において、加熱処理に先だって、前記工程(ii)で得られた粒子の表面に不活性粉末を付着させる工程を含む、請求項13に記載の徐放性製剤。
- (i)(a)シロスタゾール、及び(b)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを、バレル及びダイの温度を前記(b)成分の融点以上の温度に設定したエクストルーダーに供給する工程、及び
(ii)前記エクストルーダー内で前記(a)及び(b)成分を溶融混練しながら、前記エクストルーダーのバレルの先端に設けられたダイ部に直接装着したスプレーノズルから、溶融混練された前記(a)及び(b)成分の混合物を前記(b)成分の融点未満の温度雰囲気中に噴霧吐出することにより、粒子状に成形する工程
を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の徐放性製剤の製造方法。 - 更に、(iii)前記工程(ii)で得られた粒子に対して40〜55℃の温度条件下で加熱処理する工程を含む、請求項15に記載の製造方法。
- 前記工程(iii)が、前記工程(ii)で得られた粒子の表面に不活性粉末を付着させた後に、40〜55℃の温度条件下で加熱処理する工程である、請求項16に記載の製造方法。
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2008
- 2008-06-22 IL IL192374A patent/IL192374A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2009
- 2009-02-20 HK HK09101650.0A patent/HK1121667A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH08245389A (ja) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-09-24 | Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 樹脂粒状物、医療用材料および前記樹脂粒状物を含有する医薬製剤 |
WO2005000312A1 (ja) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-06 | Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | 薬物徐放性粒子及びその製法 |
JP2005162733A (ja) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-06-23 | Pfizer Prod Inc | 少ない副作用しか有さないアジスロマイシン剤形 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20140034944A (ko) | 2014-03-20 |
RU2008130120A (ru) | 2010-01-27 |
RU2443406C2 (ru) | 2012-02-27 |
TW200803826A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
WO2007072908A1 (ja) | 2007-06-28 |
AR058732A1 (es) | 2008-02-20 |
EP1970040A1 (en) | 2008-09-17 |
IL192374A0 (en) | 2008-12-29 |
TWI435718B (zh) | 2014-05-01 |
AU2006328424B2 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
BRPI0620271A2 (pt) | 2011-11-08 |
AU2006328424A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
JPWO2007072908A1 (ja) | 2009-06-04 |
HK1121667A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
IL192374A (en) | 2013-08-29 |
CA2634059C (en) | 2015-11-24 |
CA2634059A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
KR20080080655A (ko) | 2008-09-04 |
US20090047357A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
EP2724704A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
SG2014009252A (en) | 2014-05-29 |
KR101697833B1 (ko) | 2017-01-18 |
EP1970040A4 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
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