JP5237703B2 - 害虫忌避剤 - Google Patents
害虫忌避剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5237703B2 JP5237703B2 JP2008159206A JP2008159206A JP5237703B2 JP 5237703 B2 JP5237703 B2 JP 5237703B2 JP 2008159206 A JP2008159206 A JP 2008159206A JP 2008159206 A JP2008159206 A JP 2008159206A JP 5237703 B2 JP5237703 B2 JP 5237703B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- repellent
- itaconic acid
- pest repellent
- itaconic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 title claims description 85
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- -1 itaconic acid compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
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Landscapes
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Description
害虫忌避成分の配合量が、上記の所定配合量未満の少量では、樹脂の表面への滲み出し量が少ないため、充分な忌避作用が得られ難く、上記の所定配合量を超える多量では、樹脂組成物の物理的強度が低下し、成型物として好ましいものが得られないからである。
イタコン酸は、麹菌(Aspergillus terreus)IFO6365等による澱粉または粗糖(サトウキビ培地など)発酵物より分離して得ることができるメチレンコハク酸とも別称される物質であり、例えば市販の磐田化学社製品を用いることができる。
具体的には、エアゾール、水性剤、乳剤、油剤等にした形態で直接噴霧処理したり、カーペットや畳に含浸させたり、塗料に入れたり、樹脂に練り混んでフィルム等に成形するなど、家庭用噴霧剤、家電材料、食品包装材料等の様々な形態で用いることができる。
液体担体としては、水、アセトン、メチルエチルケトンなどのケトン類、エタノール、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコール等のアルコール類等が挙げられる。ゲル状担体としては、寒天ゲル、ゼラチンゲル、キサンタンガムゲルなどが挙げられる。さらに、ガス状担体としては、ジメチルエーテル、LPG(液化天然ガス)等が挙げられる。
また界面活性剤としては、アルキル硫酸エステル塩、アルキルスルホン酸塩、アリルスルホン酸塩等の陰イオン界面活性剤、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、硬化ヒマシ油脂肪酸エステル等の非イオン界面活性剤が挙げられる。
前記した塗膜形成剤としては、セルロース誘導体、ビニル系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂等が挙げられる。
上記した樹脂は、フィルム、成型品等に成形されて使用される他、繊維化して各種の繊維製品や合成樹脂系綿等を製造することができる。
このような成形に好適な熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂やポリオレフィン樹脂が挙げられる。
カーバメート系殺虫剤としては、メトキサジアゾン、プロポクスル、フェノブカルブなどを挙げることができる。
このような原材料を配合して得られる害虫忌避剤は、極めて優れた忌避効果を長時間安定して発揮し、対象害虫の種類は広いが、特にゴキブリ類についても高い効果が奏される。
イタコン酸のアセトン希釈液をイタコン酸が0.5g/m2に保持されるようにろ紙に塗布して浸み込ませ、室温で1時間風乾させて実施例1(紙材に担持させた害虫忌避剤)を得た。同様にイタコン酸無水物、シトラコン酸無水物についても紙材に担持させて実施例2、3を得た。
また、ポリイタコン酸の水希釈液を、ポリイタコン酸(重合度n=50〜100、磐田化学工業社製)が0.5g/m2に保持されるようにろ紙に塗布して浸み込ませ、室温で24時間風乾させて実施例4を得た。
[ゴキブリに対する忌避効力試験]
実施例1〜4と、比較例1〜18の害虫忌避剤(各成分のアセトン希釈液を0.5g/m2に保持されるように直径9cmのろ紙に塗布して浸み込ませ、風乾させたもの)を試験シェルターとして、各々についてチャバネゴキブリの雌雄幼虫の各10匹を入れた容器内に置いた。また、比較のため、直径9cmのろ紙にアセトンのみを塗布して浸み込ませ、風乾させたものを無処理シェルターとして同じ容器中に併置した。
忌避率(%)={(無処理シェルター内の生息数−試験シェルター内の生息数)/無処理シェルター内の生息数}×100
[忌避効力持続性試験]
実施例1の試験シェルターについて、上記の忌避効力試験において試験時間を5日間としたこと以外は同様にして行ない、その結果を表2に示した。
また、比較のために周知の忌避成分であるディートまたは害虫駆除成分であるプロポクスルおよびフェニトロチオンのアセトン希釈液を、各成分が0.5g/m2保持されるように直径9cmのろ紙に塗布して浸み込ませ、風乾させたものを比較例19〜21とし、これらを上記の忌避効力試験において試験時間を5日間としたこと以外は同様にして行ない、その結果を表2中に併記した。
ポリプロピレン樹脂(日本ポリプロ社製:ノバテック)に対し、忌避有効成分としてイタコン酸を1%または2%配合および混合し、押し出し成形によりシート(実施例5、6)を成形した。また、イタコン酸に代えて周知の忌避有効成分としてのディートを用いたこと以外は、全く同様にしてシート(比較例22、23)を成形した。
なお、忌避効力試験においては、ろ紙に代えて成形された直径9cmのシートを用いて試験シェルターとし、ブランクとして忌避有効成分を含まないポリプロピレン樹脂(日本ポリプロ社製:ノバテック)製の直径9cmのシートを用いた。
イタコン酸のアセトン希釈液をイタコン酸が0.5g/m2に保持されるように10cm四方の厚紙に塗布して浸み込ませ、室温で1時間風乾させて実施例7(紙材に担持させた害虫忌避剤)を得た。
周知の忌避成分であるディートのアセトン希釈液を、忌避成分が0.5g/m2保持されるように10cm四方の厚紙に塗布して浸み込ませ、風乾させて比較例24の試験片を得た。
得られた実施例7の試験片のそれぞれ2枚を塗布面が1cmの空隙を空けて向き合うようにしたものを試験シェルターとし、各試験シェルターをアミメアリの職蟻100匹を入れた容器内に置き、また比較のためにアセトンのみを塗布して浸み込ませて風乾させたもの(ブランク)を無処理シェルターとして同じ容器中に併置した。
以上の結果からみて、イタコン酸およびその所定の誘導体は、害虫忌避性について従来の忌避剤やその他の有機カルボン酸類にはみられない高い特性を示し、樹脂成形体においても同様な効果があり、また忌避効果の持続性にも優れていることがわかる。
Claims (5)
- イタコン酸、イタコン酸無水物、シトラコン酸無水物およびポリイタコン酸からなる群から選ばれる一種以上のイタコン酸系化合物を有効成分として含有してなる害虫忌避剤。
- 害虫忌避剤の製剤形態が、塗布剤または噴霧剤である請求項1に記載の害虫忌避剤。
- イタコン酸、イタコン酸無水物、シトラコン酸無水物およびポリイタコン酸からなる群から選ばれる一種以上のイタコン酸系化合物を0.1〜1.0g/m2の濃度で付着するよう対象物に塗布する害虫忌避方法。
- 1種のみの単量体を重合させて得られる単独重合体、複数種類の単量体を重合させて得られる共重合体、または相溶化剤を含まない複数種類の重合体からなるポリマーブレンドを基材とし、イタコン酸、イタコン酸無水物、シトラコン酸無水物およびポリイタコン酸からなる群から選ばれる一種以上のイタコン酸系化合物を害虫忌避性の有効成分として含有してなる害虫忌避性樹脂組成物。
- イタコン酸系化合物の含有量が、0.1〜10重量%である請求項4に記載の害虫忌避性樹脂組成物。
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