JP5182956B2 - 標的治療活性を有するテトラサイクリン化合物 - Google Patents
標的治療活性を有するテトラサイクリン化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5182956B2 JP5182956B2 JP2009187938A JP2009187938A JP5182956B2 JP 5182956 B2 JP5182956 B2 JP 5182956B2 JP 2009187938 A JP2009187938 A JP 2009187938A JP 2009187938 A JP2009187938 A JP 2009187938A JP 5182956 B2 JP5182956 B2 JP 5182956B2
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- tetracycline
- compounds
- compound
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- disease
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- CILBMBUYJCWATM-PYGJLNRPSA-N vinorelbine ditartrate Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.C1N(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=22)CC(CC)=C[C@H]1C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C1=CC([C@]23[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]4(CC)C=CCN([C@H]34)CC2)(O)C(=O)OC)N2C)=C2C=C1OC CILBMBUYJCWATM-PYGJLNRPSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本出願は、2002年7月12日に出願された表題「Methods of Using Substituted Tetracyclines to Treat Inflammatory Process Associated States」の米国仮特許出願第60/XXX、XXX号、および2001年7月13日に出願された表題「Methods of Using Substituted Tetracyclines to Treat Inflammatory Process Associated States」の米国仮特許出願第60/305,546号に対する優先権を主張する。上述したそれぞれの出願の全ての内容は、これらの全体が参照として本明細書に組み入れたものとする。
炎症は、傷害および感染に対する体の反応である。炎症性プロセスに含まれる主要なイベントは、傷害されたまたは感染した領域に対する血液供給の増大;内皮細胞の退縮によって可能になる毛細管透過性の増大;並びに毛細管からのおよび周囲の組織への白血球の移動を含む(Roittら、Immunology, Grower Medical Publishing, New York, 1989(非特許文献1))。
1つの態様において、本発明は、少なくとも一部において、標的治療活性を有するテトラサイクリン化合物で疾患を治療するための方法に関する。本方法は、疾患が治療されるように、被検者に標的治療活性を有するテトラサイクリン化合物の有効な量を投与することを含む。
式中、
R2、R2'、R4'、およびR4”は、それぞれ独立して、水素、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、アリールアルキル、アリール、複素環式、複素環式芳香族化合物、またはプロドラッグ部分であり;
R2'、R3、R10、R11およびR12は、それぞれ水素またはプロドラッグ部分であり;
R4は、NR4'R4”、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、または水素であり;
R5は、ヒドロキシル、水素、チオール、アルカノイル、アロイル、アルカロイル、アリール、複素環式芳香族化合物、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、アリールアルキル、アルキルカルボニルオキシ、またはアリールカルボニルオキシであり;
R6およびR6'は、それぞれ独立して、水素、メチレン、なし、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、チオール、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、またはアリールアルキルであり;
R7は、水素、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、チオール、ニトロ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アリールアルキル、アミノ、アリールアルケニル、アリールアルキニル、アシル、アミノアルキル、複素環式、チオニトロソ、または-(CH2)0-3NR7cC(=W')WR7aであり;
R8は、水素、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、チオール、ニトロ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、アミノ、アリールアルケニル、アリールアルキニル、アシル、アミノアルキル、複素環式、チオニトロソ、または-(CH2)0-3NR8cC(=E')ER8aであり;
R9は、水素、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、チオール、ニトロ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アリールアルキル、アミノ、アリールアルケニル、アリールアルキニル、アシル、アミノアルキル、複素環式、チオニトロソ、または-(CH2)0-3NR9cC(=Z')ZR9aであり;
R7a、R7b、R7c、R7d、R7e、R7f、R8a、R8b、R8c、R8d、R8e、R8f、R9a、R9b、R9c、R9d、R9e、およびR8fは、それぞれ独立して、水素、アシル、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、アリールアルキル、アリール、複素環式、複素環式芳香族化合物、またはプロドラッグ部分であり;
R13は、水素、ヒドロキシ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アリール、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、またはアリールアルキルであり;
EはCR8dR8e、S、NR8bまたはOであり;
E'はO、NR8f、またはSであり;
Wは、CR7dR7e、S、NR7bまたはOであり;
W'はO、NR7f、またはSであり;
Xは、CHC(R13Y'Y)、C=CR13Y、CR6'R6、S、NR6、またはOであり;
Y'およびYは、それぞれ独立して、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、シアノ、スルフヒドリル、アミノ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、またはアリールアルキルであり;
Zは、CR9dR9e、S、NR9bまたはOであり;
Z'はO、S、またはNR9fである。
1.標的治療活性を有するテトラサイクリン化合物で疾病を治療するための方法
1つの態様において、本発明は、少なくとも一部において、標的治療活性を有するテトラサイクリン化合物で疾病を治療するための方法に関する。本方法は、疾病が治療されるように、標的治療活性を有するテトラサイクリン化合物の有効な量を被検者に投与することを含む。
1つの態様において、本発明は、被検者における炎症性のプロセスに関連した状態(IPAS)を治療するための方法に関する。本方法は、炎症性のプロセスに関連した状態が治療されるように、式(I)のテトラサイクリン化合物の有効な量を被検者に投与することを含む。
1つの態様において、本発明は、標的活性を有するテトラサイクリン化合物を使用する神経疾患を治療するための方法に関する。本方法は、神経疾患が治療されるように、被検者にテトラサイクリン化合物の有効な量を投与することを含む。
もう1つの態様において、標的疾患は、癌である。ある態様において、本発明は、少なくとも一部において、被検者における癌を治療するための方法であって、該被検者における癌が治療されるように、被検者にテトラサイクリン化合物の有効な量を投与することによる方法に関する。
「置換されたテトラサイクリン化合物」という用語は、たとえば1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、11a、12、12a、もしくは13位で、または本発明の置換されたテトラサイクリン化合物が、その目的とした機能、たとえばIPAS、神経疾患、および癌などの標的疾患の治療を行うことができるその他の位置に1つまたは複数のさらなる置換基を有するテトラサイクリン化合物を含む。
式中、
R2、R2'、R4'、およびR4”は、それぞれ独立して、水素、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、アリールアルキル、アリール、複素環式、複素環式芳香族化合物、またはプロドラッグ部分であり;
R2'、R3、R10、R11、およびR12は、それぞれ水素またはプロドラッグ部分であり;
R4は、NR4'R4”、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、または水素であり;
R5は、ヒドロキシル、水素、チオール、アルカノイル、アロイル、アルカロイル、アリール、複素環式芳香族化合物、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、アリールアルキル、アルキルカルボニルオキシ、またはアリールカルボニルオキシであり;
R6およびR6'は、それぞれ独立して、水素、メチレン、なし、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、チオール、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、またはアリールアルキルであり;
R7は、水素、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、チオール、ニトロ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アリールアルキル、アミノ、アリールアルケニル、アリールアルキニル、アシル、アミノアルキル、複素環式、チオニトロソ、または-(CH2)0-3NR7cC(=W')WR7aであり;
R8は、水素、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、チオール、ニトロ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、アミノ、アリールアルケニル、アリールアルキニル、アシル、アミノアルキル、複素環式、チオニトロソ、または-(CH2)0-3NR8cC(=E')ER8aであり;
R9は、水素、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、チオール、ニトロ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アリール、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アリールアルキル、アミノ、アリールアルケニル、アリールアルキニル、アシル、アミノアルキル、複素環式、チオニトロソ、または-(CH2)0-3NR9cC(=Z')ZR9aであり;
R7a、R7b、R7c、R7d、R7e、R7f、R8a、R8b、R8c、R8d、R8e、R8f、R9a、R9b、R9c、R9d、R9e、およびR8fは、それぞれ独立して、水素、アシル、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、アリールアルキル、アリール、複素環式、複素環式芳香族化合物、またはプロドラッグ部分であり;
R13は、水素、ヒドロキシ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アリール、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、またはアリールアルキルであり;
Eは、CR8dR8e、S、NR8bまたはOであり;
E'はO、NR8f、またはSであり;
Wは、CR7dR7e、S、NR7bまたはOであり;
W'はO、NR7f、またはSであり;
Xは、CHC(R13Y'Y)、C=CR13Y、CR6'R6、S、NR6、またはOであり;
Y'およびYは、それぞれ独立して、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、シアノ、スルフヒドリル、アミノ、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルアミノ、またはアリールアルキルであり;
Zは、CR9dR9e、S、NR9bまたはOであり;
Z'はO、S、またはNR9fである。
ある態様において、本発明は、本発明の置換されたテトラサイクリン化合物(または、その薬学的に許容される塩)の有効な量および薬学的に許容される担体を含む薬学的組成物に関する。有効な量は、たとえばIPAS、神経疾患、または癌などの上記した疾病のいずれか1つを治療するために有効であってもよい。薬学的組成物は、上記の通りの神経保護剤または化学療法剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。
実施例1:テトラサイクリン化合物の合成
以下の実施例は、本発明のテトラサイクリン化合物を合成する方法を議論する。本発明のその他の化合物は、本出願において議論された技術を使用して、および/または技術認識される方法を使用することによって合成することができる。
融点は、Mel-Tempキャピラリー融点装置で測り、訂正していない。核磁気共鳴(1H NMR)スペクトルは、Bruker Avance分光計において300MHzで記録した。化学シフト値は、溶媒としてCDCl3、DMSO-d6、またはMeOH-d4を使用して、内部標準または外部標準のいずれかとしてのテトラメチルシランまたは3-(トリメチルシリル)-1-プロパンスルホン酸、ナトリウム塩と比較して、δの値(ppm)で表してある。カラムクロマトグラフィーは、使用前にNa2EDTAの飽和溶液で処理し、水で洗浄し、濾過して130℃の乾燥器で3時間乾燥させたBaker「flash」等級のシリカゲル(40μm)を使用して、Stillの方法によって行った。分析的TLC分離は、Na2EDTAの飽和溶液へ5分間浸し、130℃で3時間再活性化して処理したJ.T. Baker Chemical Co., Phillipsburg, NJから得られる蛍光指標と共に0.25mmのシリカゲルプレートを使用した。使用した溶媒系は、以下の通りであった:50:50:5、CHCl3/MeOH/5%のNa2EDTA(低層)(I)、65:20:5、CHCl3/MeOH/Na2EDTA(低層)(II)。TLCの可視化は、0.5%の水性Fast Blue BB塩により、130℃で5分間加熱して達成した。分析的HPLCは、Waters Bondapak C18逆相カラムで、2つのVarian SD 100 HPLCポンプをソフトウェアによって1.6mL/分の流速に制御して使用することによって行った。検出は、Model 441吸光度検出器を280nmで作動して、UV吸収によって行った。使用した移動相は、1.6mL/分の流速で30分にわたって30%から100%のメタノールへ直線勾配で、続いてMeOHでアイソクラチック溶出によって行った:溶媒系A:H3PO3でpH4.5に調整した0.02MのNa2HPO4+0.001MのNa2EDTA;溶媒系B:100%のMeOH。準分取HPLC分離は、6.4mL/分の流速で、ウォーターズ準分取C18逆相カラムを使用した。低分解能および高分解能質量スペクトルは、PEMariner分光計で行った(Nelsonら、J Med. Chem. (1993) 36 (3): 374)。
1グラムのサンサイクリンを25mLのTFA(トリフルオロ酢酸)に溶解し、0℃(氷上)に冷却した。1.2当量のN-ヨードスクシンイミド(NIS)を反応液に添加して40分間反応させた。反応液を氷浴から取りだして、さらに5時間室温で反応させた。次いで、混合物をHPLCおよびTLCによって分析し、NISの段階的添加によって完全に行った。反応の完了後、TFAを真空内で除去し、3mLのMeOHを添加して残渣を溶解した。メタノール溶液を、迅速に撹拌しているジエチルエーテル溶液にゆっくりと添加して、緑がかった褐色の沈降物を形成させた。活性炭で7-ヨウ化生成物を処理してサンサイクリンの7-ヨウ化異性体を精製し、セライトを通して濾過し、その後真空内で溶媒を除去して7-異性体化合物を75%の収率で純粋な黄色の固体として生成した。
MS(M+H)(ギ酸溶媒)541.3。
\Rt:Hypersil C18 BDSカラム、11.73
メタサイクリン(1.0mmol)、PdCl2(.14mmol)、およびCucCl2(.90mmol)を20mlのMeOH溶液に溶解して、窒素雰囲気下で加熱した。1時間後、4-トリフルオロメチルフェニルボロン酸(2.0mmol)をこれに添加して、さらに反応液を6〜10時間加熱した。反応は、TLC、および分析的HPLCによってモニターした。次いで、反応混合液を室温に冷却してセライトのベッドを通過させた。溶媒の蒸発により、黄褐色の固体を得て、これを分取HPLCを使用して精製した(CH3CN:MeOH:H2O)。画分からの溶媒の蒸発では、期待される生成物の正しいピークが黄色の固体を与えることを示し、これを再びMeOHに溶解してHCl気体でパージした。MeOHを蒸発した後、黄色の物質を減圧下で数時間乾燥した。
7-ヨードサンサイクリン(0.28mM)、Pd(OAc)2、および10mLのMeOHを撹拌棒を有するフラスコに添加して、アルゴンを使用して系を3×脱ガスした。水に溶解し、かつアルゴンで脱ガスしたNa2CO3(0.8mM)を注射器で添加し、脱ガスした2,5-ジメトキシフェニルホウ酸(0.55mM)のMeOH溶液と共に添加した。反応に続いて2時間HPLCを行い、室温に冷却した。溶液を濾過して乾燥し、未精製の混合物を生成した。固体をジメチルホルムアミドに溶解して、C18逆相シリカを使用する分取HPLC系に注入した。溶媒を真空内で除去して、生成物プラス塩を得た。塩を50:25:25の水、ブタノール、酢酸エチル抽出することによって除去し、真空内で乾燥した。この固体をMeOHに溶解し、HCl気体に通気することによってHCl塩を作製した。
200mgの7-(3-ニトロフェニル)サンサイクリンの50mLのメタノール溶液に、木炭触媒において10mgの10%パラジウムを添加した。反応混合液を40psi水素圧力下で2時間振盪し、次いで濃縮によって濾過した。残渣を分取HPLCによってさらに精製した。35mgをHCl塩として単離し、NMRおよびLC-MSにより、構造が7-(3-アミノフェニル)サンサイクリンであることが判明した。
フラスコを、7-ヨードサンサイクリン(3.0g、4.57mmol)とPd(OAc)2(0.102g、0.46mmol)、CuI(0.044g、0.23mmol)、およびP(o-Tol)3(0.278g、0.91mmol)で満たして、内容物を無水アセトニトリルに懸濁した。この混合物を60℃(浴温度)において窒素でパージした後、1,7-オクタジイン(0.305mL、2.29mmol)をこれに添加し、続いてトリエチルアミンを添加した。暗い有色溶液を60℃で3時間撹拌し、セライトのベッドを通して濾過して乾燥した。生成物(9C)のメタノール:DMF:TFA(90:8:2)溶液を分取HPLCカラムで精製した。化合物をHPLC、MS、および1HNMR分光法によって同定した。
7-ヨードサンサイクリン(0.3mM)、Pd(OAc)2、および10mLのMeOHを、撹拌棒を有するフラスコに添加して、3xアルゴンを使用して系を脱ガスした。水に溶解し、かつアルゴンで脱ガスしたNa2CO3(1.1mM)を注射器で添加し、脱ガスした2,4-ジフルオロ-フェニルホウ酸(0.7mM)のMeOH溶液と共に添加した。反応に続いて20分間HPLCを行い、室温に冷却した。溶液を濾過して乾燥し、未精製の混合物を生成させた。固体をジメチルホルムアミドに溶解してC18逆相シリカを使用する分取HPLC系に注入した。溶媒を真空内で除去して、生成物プラス塩を得た。塩を50:25:25の水、ブタノール、酢酸エチル抽出することによって除去し、真空内で乾燥した。この固体をMeOHに溶解し、HCl気体に通気することによってHCl塩を作製した。溶媒を除去して産物を生成させた。
9-ヨウ化-ミノサイクリン(1.13mmol)、50mgのテトラキストリフェニルホスフィノ-パラデート、50mgのヨウ化銅(I)、10mgの酢酸パラジウム、および3mlのトリエチルアミンの溶液に、0.1mlのシクロヘキセニル-アセチレンを添加した。反応混合液を60℃において1時間撹拌し、セライトベッドを通して濾過して濃縮した。乾燥状態物質をメタノールに溶解して濾過した。次いで、溶液を濃縮して、分取液体クロマトグラフィーを使用して精製した。分取液体クロマトグラフィーでは、溶出剤A:0.1%のTFA水溶液および溶出剤B:0.1%のTFAのアセトニトリル溶液でC18固定相を使用した。化合物は、標準的な技術によって同定した。
7-I-サンサイクリン(1gm、1.86mmol)を25mLアセトニトリルに取り入れ、窒素で脱ガスおよびパージした(3回)。この懸濁液に、Pd(OAc)2(20mg、.089mmol)、CuI(10mg、.053mmol)、(o-トリル)3P(56mg、0.183mmol)を添加して、数分間窒素でパージした。プロピン(3.72mmol)、およびトリエチルアミン(1mL)を懸濁液に添加した。これは、Et3Nの添加により茶色の溶液に変化した。次いで反応混合液を70℃において3時間加熱した。反応の進行は、HPLCによってモニターした。次いで、これを室温に冷却して、セライトを通して濾過した。溶媒の蒸発により茶色の固体を得て、次いでこれを分取HPLCで精製して黄色の固体を得た。この化合物の構造を1H NMR、HPLC、およびMSを使用して特徴づけた。
7-(2-メチルフェニルエチニル)-サンサイクリン(1mmol)をMeOH/HClの飽和溶液に取り入れた。この溶液に10%のPd/Cを添加して12時間50psiで水素化に供した。次いで、これをセライトを通して濾過した。溶媒を蒸発させて、黄色の粉末を得た。最後に、これをMeOH/ジエチルエーテルから沈殿させた。この化合物の構造は、1H NMR、HPLCおよびMSを使用して特徴づけた。
きれいな乾燥した反応容器に、9-ヨードミノサイクリン(0.762mmol)ビスHCl塩、酢酸パラジウム(II)(0.076mmol)を10mlの試薬等級メタノールと共に配置した。溶液を直ちに、撹拌しながら、アルゴンガス流で約5分間パージした。反応容器を還流に持ってきて、注射器を経て2M炭酸カリウム溶液、続いてp-アセチルフェニルボロン酸(1.53mmol)の5mlの試薬DMF溶液を順番に添加した。これらの溶液は、両方とも事前にアルゴンガスで約5分間脱ガスしてあった。反応を45分間加熱し、進行を逆相HPLCを経てモニターした。反応は珪藻土のパッドを通して吸引濾過し、パッドをDMFで洗浄した。ろ液を減圧下で油に減少させ、残渣をt-ブチルメチルエーテルで処理した。未精製物質を、水およびメタノール/1.0%のトリフルオロ酢酸を含むアセトニトリルの勾配を利用するDVBにおける逆相HPLCを経て精製した。
7-プロピニルサンサイクリンを飽和メタノール塩酸溶媒に溶解した。混合物を水素化装置内の50psi水素圧力下に配置した。反応は、8時間で完了した。触媒を濾過して取り除き、生じた溶液を濃縮した。未精製産物を、溶出剤A:0.1%のTFA水溶液および溶出剤B:0.1%のTFAのアセトニトリル溶液でC18固定相を使用する分取液体クロマトグラフィーによって精製した。合わせたきれいな画分を濃縮し、塩酸飽和イソプロパノールを添加する。純粋な生成物をジエチルエーテルの添加によって沈殿させて、濾過で取り除く。
30mLの9-アミノミノサイクリン(1.6mmol)のアセトニトリルの撹拌した溶液に、ベンジルシアニミド(6.0mmol)を一部に添加した。反応混合液をまず加熱して60℃で数時間還流し、室温で4〜5日間続けた。その後、グアニジノ生成物を単離して、MS、NMR、およびHPLCを使用して同定した。
7-パラ-tert-ブチルフェニルサンサイクリン(5.0g)をトリフルオロ酢酸(300mL)に溶解した。3当量のHMBCを添加して、反応を室温で撹拌した。72時間後、HPLCにより、反応が完全であることが示された。反応混合液を濾過して茶色の液体を得て、その後メタノールに溶解してジエチルエーテル中に沈殿させた。次いで、HPLCを使用して固体を精製し、NMRおよび質量スペクトルを使用して生成物を同定した。
7-ヨードサンサイクリン(1.3mg)およびPd(OAc)2を100mLのメタノールに取り入れ、70℃において5分間アルゴンでパージした。この溶液に炭酸ナトリウム(44mg)の水溶液(事前に、アルゴンでパージした)を添加した。黄色の沈降物が得られ、混合物をさらに10分間加熱した。次いで、3-フラニルボロン酸(333mg、DMF溶液、アルゴンでパージ)を添加して、混合物をさらに2時間70℃で加熱した。反応は、HPLC/MSでモニターした。反応が完了したときに、混合物をセライトを通して濾過し、溶媒を除去して未精製物質を得た。未精製物質は、エーテル(200ml)でこれを沈殿させることによって精製した。黄色の沈降物を濾過して、分取HPLCを使用して精製した。MeOH/HClに物質を溶解して蒸発し乾燥することによって、塩酸塩を作製した。生じた固体の同定は、HPLC、MS、およびNMRを使用して確認した。
N2雰囲気下で、撹拌した9-アミノメチルドキシサイクリンジヒドロクロリド(1.21g、2.21mmol)のDMF(10mL)溶液をInCl3(0.076g、0.34mmol)およびフェニルアセトアルデヒド(0.511mL、4.4mmol)で処理した。反応のHPLCおよびLC-MSモニタリングでは、12時間経過にわたって開始物質の完全な消費を示し;生成物は、モノ-(主要)およびビス-(微量)置換アミノメチルドキシサイクリンの両方であった。メタノール(10mL)を添加してこの反応を停止させた。反応混合液をセライトのベッドを通して濾過した。その後、セライトベッドを5mLのメタノールで二回洗浄した。混合有機洗浄液を約7〜8mLに濃縮してエーテルで希釈した。生じた非晶形の固体を濾過して、エーテル(6×15mL)で洗浄し、減圧下で乾燥して赤い粉末を産出し、これを分取HPLCによって精製した。最終産物の化合物RRを、HPLC、MS、および1HNMR分光法によって特徴づけた。MS(m/z):Theor. 577.24;Found:578.17(M+1)。
7-エチル-9-アミノサンサイクリン(390mg)を10mLのDMFに溶解した。次いで、トリエチルアミン(237μL)、イソブチルアルデヒド(77μL)、およびInCl3(19mg)を添加し、反応混合液を数分間室温で撹拌した。次いで、NaBH(OAc)3(360mg)を添加し、室温で反応を続けた。LC-MSでは、反応が2時間後に完了したことを示した。メタノールで反応を停止させて、乾燥した。生じた固体をメタノールに再融解して精製した。次いで、生成物をHCl塩に変換した。生成物の同定は、NMR、HPLC、およびMSを使用して確認した。
500ミリグラムの9-NO2サンサイクリンを20mLのTFA溶液に取り入れて、氷浴中で冷却した。この溶液に、NIS(300mg)を一部添加して、3時間室温で撹拌した。一旦反応を完了させて、7-ヨード-9-NO2サンサイクリンをジエチルエーテル中で沈殿させた。次いで、黄色の粉末を濾過して、真空内で乾燥した。
Parr装置に以下のものを配置した:9-ヨードサンサイクリントリフルオロ酢酸塩(0.8g、1.17mmol)、NaOAc(0.64g、4当量)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2、およびCH2Cl2(48mg、5%)。装置を閉じて、COでパージし、次いで450psi下のCOで満たした。反応混合物を80℃で4時間撹拌した。次いで、TFAで酸性化して真空内で濃縮した。生成物をHPLCによって精製した。3:1の混合物エピマーが得られた。収量は、188mgの生成物であった。
7-ヨードサンサイクリン(1.3g)をNMP(15mL)に溶解し、CuCN(344mg)を添加した。反応混合液を80℃で15/16時間、一晩撹拌した。反応混合液をメタノールで希釈して、遠心して灰白色の沈殿を得た。次いで、反応混合液をセライトを通過させて、さらにメタノールで洗浄した。次いで、ろ液を濃縮してエーテルで沈殿させた。次いで、得られた固体を分取HPLCを使用して精製し、エピマーの50/50混合物で7-シアノサンサイクリンを得た。生成物の構造は、質量スペクトルおよびNMRを使用して確認した。
濃H2SO4(2mL)を、撹拌したグルタルアルデヒド(1mL)の溶液にゆっくり添加した。水(0.8g)を添加して室温で18時間撹拌し、70℃で2時間加熱した。次いで、混合物を室温に冷却した。次いで、溶液を9-アミノミノサイクリンのDMF(5ml)溶液へ移して、HPLCによって示されるものとして全ての開始物質が消費されるまで、2日間室温で撹拌した。生成物を単離して標準的な技術を使用して精製した。生成物の構造は、NMRおよび質量スペックによって確認した。
Na2C03(0.64g)水溶液(5mL)を9-ヨード-ミノサイクリンヒドロクロリド(1g)およびPd(OAc)2(100mg)のメタノール(10mL)溶液の脱ガスした溶液に添加した。反応を5分間60℃で撹拌した。次いで、2-ホルミルフラン-5-ボロン酸(0.3g)のメタノール溶液(10mL)に添加して、反応を4時間進行させた。次いで、混合物を濾過して濃縮し、茶色の固体(9-(2'ホルミルフラニル)-ミノサイクリン)を得た。
NaCNBH3(200mg)を9-アミノミノサイクリンH2SO4(1g)の撹拌したメタノール(4.9mL)および酢酸(91mL)溶液に添加し、室温で5分間撹拌した。(2-オキソ-エトキシ)-アセトアルデヒド(10mL)を滴下して、室温で15分間撹拌した。反応混合物を加熱せずに濃縮し、残渣を20mLのメタノールおよびTFA(0.5mL)に溶解した。生成物を分取HPLCを使用して得て、HCl塩に変換した。生成物は、質量スペクトルおよびNMRを使用して確認した。
Na2CO3(0.64g)水溶液を(5mL)、9-ヨード-ミノサイクリンヒドロクロリド(1g)およびPd(OAc)2(100mg)のメタノール(10mL)溶液の脱ガスした溶液に添加した。反応を60℃で5分間撹拌した。次いで、2-ホルミルフラン-5-ボロン酸(0.3g)のメタノール(10mL)溶液を添加し、反応を4時間進行させた。次いで、混合物を濾過して濃縮し、茶色の固体(9-(2'ホルミルフラニル)-ミノサイクリン)を得た。
60%のNaHの鉱油分散(100mg、2.5mmol)を、撹拌したサンサイクリン(0.5g、1.20mmol)のDMF(5mL)溶液に、室温で小部分添加した。生じた懸濁液を室温で5分間撹拌した。臭化ベンジル(0.143mL、1.2mmol)を添加して60℃で16時間加熱した。次いで、反応混合液を室温に冷却してエーテル(100mL)で停止させた。エーテルをデカントし、残った固体をMeOH/水に溶解した。生成物を分取HPLCによって精製して、HCl塩に変換し、明るい黄色の固体として3-ベンジルオキシサンサイクリンを得た。
60%のNaHの鉱油分散(192mg、4.8mmol)を、撹拌したサンサイクリン(0.5g、1.20mmol)のDMF(5mL)溶液に、室温で小部分添加した。生じた懸濁液を室温で5分間撹拌した。臭化ベンジル(0.43mL、3.6mmol)を添加して60℃で1時間加熱した。続いて、反応混合液を室温に冷却してエーテル(100mL)で停止させた。エーテルをデカントによって除去して、残った固体をMeOH/水に溶解した。生成物を分取HPLCによって精製して、HCl塩に変換し、明るい黄色の固体として3,10-ジベンジルオキシサンサイクリンを得た。
鉱油分散(152mg、3.8mmol)60%のNaHを撹拌したミノサイクリンHCl塩(0.5g、0.95mmol)のDMF(5mL)溶液に、室温で小部分添加した。生じた懸濁液を室温で5分間撹拌した。ヨードブタン(0.325mL、2.85mmol)を添加して60℃で1時間加熱した。反応混合液を室温に冷却してエーテル(100mL)で停止させた。続いてエーテルをデカントし、残った固体をMeOH/水に溶解した。生成物を分取HPLCによって精製して、HCl塩に変換し、オリーブグリーンの固体として10-ブチルオキシミノサイクリンを得た。
60%のNaH(121mg、3.04mmol)を、撹拌した7-ヨードサンサイクリンTFA塩(0.5g、0.76mmol)のDMF溶液(10mL)に、室温で小部分添加した。生じた懸濁液を室温で5分間撹拌した。臭化ベンジル(0.277mL、2.28mmol)を添加して、60℃で30分間加熱した。次いで、反応混合液を室温に冷却してエーテル(100mL)で停止させた。エーテルをデカントし、残った固体をMeOHに溶解した。生成物を分取HPLCによって精製して、HCl塩に変換し、黄色の固体として3-ベンジルオキシ-7-ヨードサンサイクリンを得た。
炭酸ナトリウム(670mg、6.32mmol)水溶液(5mL)を、窒素下で60℃において、7-ヨード-3-ベンジルオキシサンサイクリン(1.00g、1.58mmol)およびPd(OAc)2(100mg、0.44mmol)のメタノール溶液(10mL)の撹拌懸濁液に添加した。生じた懸濁液を60℃で10分間撹拌した。次いで、4-トリフルオロメチルフェニルボロン酸(0.6g、3.16mmol)のメタノール溶液(10mL)を添加し、反応混合液を60℃で3時間窒素下で加熱した。暖かい反応混合液を濾過して濃縮した。未精製生成物を分取HPLCによって精製して、HCl塩に変換し、淡い褐色固体として3-ベンジルオキシ-7-(3'-トリフルオロメチルフェニル)サンサイクリンを得た。
COS-1およびCHO-K1細胞懸濁液を調製し、96ウェルの黒壁処理したマイクロタイタープレート組織培養をまき(細胞株によって決定した密度)、5%のCO2および約95%の湿度において37℃で一晩インキュベートした。次の日、階段希釈した薬剤を調製して、無菌条件下で細胞プレートに移した。細胞/薬剤プレートを上記の条件下で24時間インキュベートした。インキュベーション期間後、培地/薬剤を吸引し、50μlのレサズリン(Resazurin)(0.042mg/mlのPBSw/CaおよびMg溶液)を添加した。次いで、プレートを上記の条件下で2時間、次いで暗闇で室温においてさらに30分間インキュベートした。蛍光測定を(535nm励起、590nm放射で)得た。次いで、IC50(50%の増殖阻害を引き起こす薬剤の濃度)を算出した。非置換のミノサイクリンおよびドキシサイクリンの細胞毒性は、25より大きいことが見出された。表3に示したそれぞれの化合物では、許容される細胞毒性を有することが見出された。
グラム陽性(S. aureus RN450)およびグラム陰性(大腸菌ML308225)細菌に対するテトラサイクリン化合物の効率を決定するために、以下のアッセイ法を使用した。2mgのそれぞれの化合物を100μlのDMSOに溶解した。次いで、溶液をカチオン調整したミュラーヒントンブロース(CAMHB)に添加し、これにより200μg/mlの最終的な化合物濃度にした。テトラサイクリン化合物溶液を50μLの体積に、0.98μg/mlの試験化合物濃度で希釈した。光学濃度(OD)測定は、試験株の新鮮な対数期ブロース培養から行った。希釈は、1×106 CFU/mlの最終細胞密度を達成するように行った。OD=1において、種々の属の細胞密度は、およそ:
大腸菌 1×109 CFU/ml
S. aureus 5×108 CFU/ml
であった。
本アッセイ法は、文献の手順(D'Agostino, P.ら、Int Immunopharmacol. 2001 Sep; 1 (9-10): 1765-76)に従って、J774細胞株における一酸化窒素、インターロイキン-10、およびインターロイキン-12の合成の調整を決定することによって、本発明のテトラサイクリン化合物の抗炎症効果を決定するために使用した。J774.2細胞を100ng/mlのリポポリサッカリド(LPS)で刺激した。一酸化窒素の自発的分解生成物の亜硝酸塩は、Greiss反応を使用して細胞上澄中で測定する。本実験的条件では、試験テトラサイクリン化合物は、LPS刺激の30分前に添加した。細胞毒性は、リザズリン代謝を使用して決定する。第一日目に、96ウェルの黒壁プレート(底列を除く)に100μlの2.5×106細胞/ml懸濁液をまいて、37℃および5% CO2において2時間インキュベートした。2時間のインキュベーション期間の最後に、試験化合物を、細胞に添加する準備ができている2.5×濃度の1.25%のDMSO中に、139μg/mlの濃度で調製した。
本アッセイ法は、テトラサイクリン誘導体が、NMDA照射によって誘導される興奮毒性傷害から培養したマウス皮質ニューロンを保護する能力を示す。
皮質ニューロン懸濁液は、胎齢17日のマウスから調製した。皮質を回収し、髄膜を除去した。組織を小片に細かく切り刻んで、トリプシン溶液中でインキュベートした。ピペットを使用して組織を懸濁して遠心後に再懸濁し、20mMのグルコース、2mMのグルタミン、10%のウシ胎児血清、および熱不活性化した10%のウマ血清(HS)を補ったイーグル最小必須培地(MEM、イーグルの塩)中に24ウェル培養容器に、星状細胞培養上に250,000細胞/ウェルの密度でまいた。5日後、20mMのグルコース、2mMのグルタミン、および10%のHS、並びに細胞分裂を阻害するシトシンアラビノシド(終濃度10μM)を含むMEMに培地を交換して、2日間インキュベートした。その後、培養は、20mMのグルコース、2mMのグルタミン、および10%のHSを補ったMEMを毎週二回与えて、12〜15日使用した。
実験の日、培地を1)MEM、2)試験テトラサイクリン化合物を含むMEMと交換した。陽性対照薬剤は、10μMのMK-801(Sigma)を含んでいた。30分後、NMDA(62.5μMの終濃度)をウェルに添加した(50〜75%の細胞死を引き起こす)。全ニューロン死に対する対照として、500μMのNMDAとの24時間のインキュベーションを使用した(100%の細胞死対照)。
細胞生存率は、暴露開始後24時間において、乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(LDH)を測定することによって評価した。培地へのLDH放出は、補助因子としてNADHを使用し、乳酸からピルベートへの変換の速度測定を使用するSigma LDH試薬を使用して、無細胞培地から測定した。340nmの吸光度の増大速度は、試料におけるLDHの活性に正比例し、Labsystems Multiskan ELISAリーダーで測定した。
本実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が、酸化ストレスからヒト神経芽腫細胞を保護する能力を決定する。
本実施例では、本発明のテトラサイクリン化合物が、ドーパミン作動性細胞を保護する能力を、テトラサイクリン化合物がパーキンソン病を治療する能力を予測するために使用する。
本実施例は、本発明のテトラサイクリン化合物が、シトクロムC放出を阻害する能力を示す。
この実施例では、マウスモデルを使用する筋萎縮性側索硬化症の治療について、本発明のテトラサイクリン化合物をインビボにおいて試験する。
この実施例では、マウスモデルを使用するハンチントン病の治療について、本発明のテトラサイクリン化合物をインビボにおいて試験する。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物のパーキンソン病の治療に対する能力を決定するために、マウスモデルを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Wu D. C.ら、J Neurosci. 2002 Mar 1; 22 (5): 1763-71およびDu Y.ら、PNAS 2001 Dec 4; 98 (25): 14669-74に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が多発性硬化症を治療する能力を決定するためにラットモデルを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Brundula V.ら、Brain 2002 Jun; 125 (Pt 6): 1297-308およびPopovic N.ら、Ann Neurol. 2002 Feb; 51 (2): 215-23に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が脳卒中を治療する能力を決定するために、ラットモデルを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Yrjanheikki J.ら、PNAS 1998 Dec 22; 95 (26): 15769-74およびYrjanheikki Jら、PNAS 1999 Nov 9; 96 (23): 13496-500に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が癌を治療する能力を決定するために、ウサギ角膜を使用する。角膜は、血管を増殖し、定量することができる無血管性のマトリックスを提供する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Tamargo RJら、Cancer Res. 1991 Jan 15; 51 (2): 672-5およびMasumori N.ら、Adv Dent Res. 1998 Nov; 12 (2): 111-3に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が癌を治療する能力を決定するために、マトリゲルを使用する。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が癌を治療する能力を決定するために、免疫抑制性マウスを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Parangi S.ら、PNAS 1996 Mar 5; 93 (5): 2002-7およびSeftor R.E.ら、Clin Exp Metastasis. 1998 Apr; 16 (3): 217-25に記載されている。
この実施例では、置換されたテトラサイクリン化合物が大動脈瘤に対して有効な薬剤であるかどうかを決定するために、Prall,ら、J. Vasc. Surg. 2002: 35: 923-929に記載されたとおりのマウスを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Curci,ら、J Vasc. Surg. 2000; 31: 326-342に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が糖尿病合併症を治療するために使用することができる有効な薬剤であるかどうかを決定するために、ラットを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Ryanら、Curr. Med. Chem. 2001; 8 (3): 305-316に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が動脈硬化を治療するために使用することができる有効な薬剤であるかどうかを決定するために、ラットを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Bendeck,ら、Amer. J. Path. 2001: 160 (3): 1089-1095に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物がARDSを治療する能力を決定するために、ブタハイブリッドを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Carney D.E.ら、Circulation, 1999 Jul 27; 100 (4): 400-6に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が、内毒素ショックを治療する能力を決定するために、マウスを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Milano S.ら、Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Jan; 41 (1) : 117-21およびShapira L.ら、Infect Immun. 1996 Mar; 64 (3): 825-8に記載されている。
この実施例では、置換したテトラサイクリン化合物が、創傷治癒を補助するために使用することができる有効な薬剤であるかどうかを決定するために、ラットを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Pirila,ら、Curr. Med. Chem. 2001; 8: 281-294に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が、脳傷害を治療するために使用することができる有効な薬剤であるかどうかを決定するために、マウスを使用する。使用することができるその他のモデルは、Meijia,ら、Neurosurgery. 2001: 48 (6): 1393-1399に記載されている。
この実施例では、テトラサイクリン化合物が関節炎−骨粗鬆症を治療するために使用することができる有効な薬剤であるかどうかを決定するために、ラットを使用する。使用することができるモデルは、Ramamurthy,ら、Curr. Med. Chem. 2001; 8: 295-303に記載されている。
この実施例では、Tikkaら、Brain. 2002: 125 (4): 722-731に記載されたとおりに、テトラサイクリン化合物がアポトーシスのニューロン死およびミクログリアの活性化を減少させる能力を試験するために、脊髄培養を使用する。
当業者であれば、ルーチン実験を使用するだけで、本明細書に記載された特定の態様および方法に対する多くの等価物を認識する、または確認できる。このような等価物は、添付の特許請求の範囲に包含されるものである。
Claims (7)
- 請求項1または2に記載の化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む、哺乳類における急性または慢性の感染を治療するための薬学的組成物。
- 前記哺乳類が、ネコ、イヌ、ウマ、ブタ、ウシ、ヒツジ、齧歯類、ウサギ、リス、およびクマからなる群から選択される、請求項3記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記化合物が、第二の薬剤と組み合わせて投与されるように用いられる、請求項3または4記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記第二の薬剤が、抗感染剤である、請求項5記載の薬学的組成物。
- 担体と組み合わせて、請求項1または2記載の化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩の有効な量を含む、薬学的組成物。
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EP2329828A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 |
WO2003005971A8 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
JP2011057693A (ja) | 2011-03-24 |
EP2327409A1 (en) | 2011-06-01 |
EP2301915A1 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
EP2332548A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
AU2002318238A1 (en) | 2003-01-29 |
EP2332546A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
JP2011057694A (ja) | 2011-03-24 |
JP2009298801A (ja) | 2009-12-24 |
EP2332547A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
EP1408987A4 (en) | 2007-03-28 |
EP2332549A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
EP2301550A1 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
US20040063674A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
JP2004537544A (ja) | 2004-12-16 |
EP2332550A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
EP1408987B1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
WO2003005971A2 (en) | 2003-01-23 |
EP1408987A2 (en) | 2004-04-21 |
WO2003005971A3 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
EP2329826A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 |
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