CN101967108B - 一种美他环素的衍生物 - Google Patents

一种美他环素的衍生物 Download PDF

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CN101967108B
CN101967108B CN 201010282364 CN201010282364A CN101967108B CN 101967108 B CN101967108 B CN 101967108B CN 201010282364 CN201010282364 CN 201010282364 CN 201010282364 A CN201010282364 A CN 201010282364A CN 101967108 B CN101967108 B CN 101967108B
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mrsa
methacycline
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CN101967108A (zh
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苏春华
王伟
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Guangdong Zhongke Drug R&d Ltd
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Abstract

一种具有显著抗菌活性的美他环素的衍生物,结构如下:(式I),对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)及甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)具有很好的抗菌作用。

Description

一种美他环素的衍生物
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种用于抗菌作用的美他环素的衍生物,该化合物对MRSA、MSSA具有很好的抗菌活性。
背景技术:
近年来,随着抗生素的广泛应用(包括人和动物)、糖皮质激素及免疫抑制剂应用的增加以及老年患者的增多,肺部耐药菌感染问题日益突出。这些耐药菌常见的有耐青霉素肺炎链球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)、耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)、产超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBL)革兰阴性菌等。有关耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌也是比较棘手的问题,自首株MRSA检出以来的40余年,MRSA感染在世界各地一直呈上升趋势,美国国家院内感染监测(NNIS)报道,1975年182所医院MRSA占金葡菌感染总数的2.4%,1997年上升至24.8%。国内90年代后京、沪等地大型医院MRSA分离率均超过金葡菌感染总数的50%以上。MRSA具有多重耐药性,对所有β内酰胺类抗生素(包括含酶抑制剂)耐药,并常对喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类抗生素及克林霉素等耐药。临床证实,糖肽类抗生素(万古霉素、去甲万古霉素、替考拉宁)对MRSA敏感,目前已成为临床上首选药物。1997年日本发现对万古霉素中度敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌(VISA),2002年美国发现耐万古霉素的金黄色葡萄球菌(VRSA),迄今为止,全世界已报道多例VISA及2例VRSA感染的病例。VISA感染可选用糖肽类与其他抗生素联合治疗,如利福平、阿米卡星/阿贝卡星等,亦可选用新型抗生素,如奎奴普丁/达福普丁(quinupristin/dolfopristin)、利奈唑胺(linezolid)等,VRSA感染可选用新型抗生素。然而这些药物在临床应用一段时间后均产生了不同程度的耐药性,因此探究针对耐药菌的新抗生素成为了必要。
发明内容
我们提供了一种新的美他环素的衍生物,这种化合物以盐酸美他环素为原料,经过硝化、还原、纯化、精制等反应而得。这种化合物对耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA)、甲氧西林敏感金葡菌(MSSA)的抑菌效果显著,优于盐酸美他环素等抗生素。
具体实施例:
实施例1:式1化合物的制备
(1)硫酸9-硝基美他环素的制备  将一定量的盐酸美他环素(1kg,购自武汉远城化工有限公司)加入到96%-98%的浓硫酸(4kg)中,温度保持在10℃以下。然后冷却溶液至低于7℃后,逐滴加入浓硝酸(浓度大于90%,0.2kg),搅拌反应混合物,期间温度小于10℃。将反应混合物倾入温度在0-5℃的异丙醇(25L)和庚烷(4L)的混合液中,保持温度小于40℃下搅拌混悬液,待冷却混悬液至25℃以下是,离心硫酸9-硝基美他环素并用异丙醇和甲醇的混合液洗涤。在45℃下干燥得产物1。
(2)将得到的产物1溶解在甲醇(7L)和纯净水(0.1L)的混合液中。将10%钯-碳(0.03kg)催化剂加入甲醇中,通入氢气进行氢化反应至反应完全,压力小于5巴,温度小于25℃。滤除催化剂,将反应混合物倾入到异丙醇(20L)和庚烷(10L)的混合液中,冷却至0-5℃,搅拌混悬液离心产物,在40-45℃温度下真空干燥得产物2,称重0.95kg。
(3)将产物2(0.95kg)溶解在纯净水(5L)中,冷却溶液至5℃下,加入1kg的叔丁基甘氨酰氯,搅拌反应混合物并保证在温度8℃以下,至产物2反应完,将反应混合液加入到二氯甲烷(9L)和甲醇(2.3L)的混合液中,保持温度在小于10℃,用28%的氨水调节PH至7.0-7.4,分离有机相。真空蒸发有机相,加入甲醇(6L),在20-25℃下搅拌混悬物,过滤固体并用甲醇洗涤,得湿粗品。
(4)纯化:将粗品悬浮于丙酮(3L)和甲醇(3L)的混合液中,在小于25℃下搅拌混悬物。过滤固体并用甲醇洗涤。
(5)结晶:将以上粗品溶解到甲醇(1L)和二氯甲烷(6L)的混合液中,搅拌混悬物至溶解完全,以1μm的滤筒过滤溶液,在小于20℃下真空蒸馏,得到浓稠剩余物,在小于60℃下真空干燥得到0.96kg该化合物,1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:15.00(br s,2H),8.01(br s,1H),7.70(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.03(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),6.02(br s,2H),5.10(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),5.03(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),3.49(s,2H),3.42-3.38(m,1H),3.29(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),2.71(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),2.32-2.28(m,1H),2.27(s,6H),1.10(s,9H);ESI-MSm/z 571.59(M+H)+
实施例2:式1化合物的抗菌活性研究
2.1材料与方法
抗菌药物:式1化合物
对照药:盐酸美他环素购自武汉远城化工有限公司
被测菌株:101株MRSA和105株MSSA均获赠于中山大学药学院,经鉴定后按NCCLS标准确定。
培养基:购自法国生物梅里埃公司,批号:811813401。
方法:采用二倍琼脂稀释法测定式1化合物和盐酸美他环素对所有菌株的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。即先将两种抗生素分别以不同浓度PH的无菌磷酸盐缓冲液倍比稀释成12个浓度,将各浓度的药液各10ml,分别加入到已溶化并冷至50℃左右的M-H琼脂中,立即倾注平皿,使培养基的抗生素最终浓度依次为0.0625、0.125、0.25-128mg/L。用微量多点接种仪将108-109CFU/ml菌悬液接种到含不同浓度抗生素的上述琼脂平板表面,置35℃培养24h观察结果,以抑制细菌声场的最低抗生素浓度确定为MIC。分别统计MIC范围、MIC50、MIC90,并根据抗菌药物敏感的临界浓度,计算对细菌的敏感率,同时描绘浓度积累抑菌百分率曲线。
2.2结果
式1化合物和盐酸美他环素抗菌效果比较如表1(MIC,mg/L):
Figure BSA00000270663900041
式1化合物的抗菌活性优于盐酸美他环素的抗菌活性,对MRSA、MSSA的敏感率也体现出了式1化合物对于盐酸美他环素的优势。

Claims (2)

1.式I所示的化合物:
Figure FSB00000979098000011
式I。
2.如权利要求1所述的物质在制备抗菌药物中的用途。 
CN 201010282364 2010-09-13 2010-09-13 一种美他环素的衍生物 Expired - Fee Related CN101967108B (zh)

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US3200149A (en) * 1960-05-23 1965-08-10 Pfizer & Co C alpha-6-deoxytetracycline derivatives and process
CN1452611A (zh) * 2000-07-07 2003-10-29 塔夫茨大学信托人 13-取代甲烯土霉素化合物

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EP2329826A1 (en) * 2001-07-13 2011-06-08 Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Tetracyclines for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
EP2277504A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2011-01-26 Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Substituted tetracycline compounds for the treatment of malaria

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3200149A (en) * 1960-05-23 1965-08-10 Pfizer & Co C alpha-6-deoxytetracycline derivatives and process
CN1452611A (zh) * 2000-07-07 2003-10-29 塔夫茨大学信托人 13-取代甲烯土霉素化合物

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