JP5144030B2 - 拡散反射物品 - Google Patents
拡散反射物品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5144030B2 JP5144030B2 JP2006138315A JP2006138315A JP5144030B2 JP 5144030 B2 JP5144030 B2 JP 5144030B2 JP 2006138315 A JP2006138315 A JP 2006138315A JP 2006138315 A JP2006138315 A JP 2006138315A JP 5144030 B2 JP5144030 B2 JP 5144030B2
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
- G02B5/0247—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of voids or pores
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
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- G02B5/0284—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in reflection
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
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Description
結果である。しかし、不織布の高い明所視の反射率は、可視光の高い光散乱能力と非常に
低い吸収との組合せによって達成される。不織布による高い光吸収の1つの主な否定的影
響は、大きなシート坪量によってもたらされる反射率の恩恵が大幅に低減されることであ
る。したがって、本発明の不織布は可視光の非常に低い吸収を有し、好ましくは、可視光
を吸収しない。光吸収の負の効果を防ぐためには一般に、約10−4μm−1未満、特に約10−5μm−1未満の可視光の吸収係数を有する材料を不織布の材料として選択すればよい。不織布拡散反射体を形成するための好ましいポリマーは、約10−4 (μm −1 )未満、好ましくは約10−5 (μm −1 )未満、より好ましくは約10−6 (μm −1 )未満の吸収係数を有する。
坪量
坪量は、試料サイズに合わせて修正したASTM D 3776の方法によって測定し、g/m2単位として報告される。
不織布の細孔径分布データは、非特許文献2によって開示され知られている水銀ポロシメトリー法によって得る。先に定義したとおり「VP1」は、水銀ポロシメーターによって測定された0.01μmから1.0μmまでの平均孔径を有する不織布細孔の容積である。先に定義したとおり「VP2」は、水銀ポロシメーターによって測定された0.02μmから0.5μmまでの平均細孔径を有する不織布細孔の容積である。
先に定義したとおり比細孔容積(単位はcm3/m2。本明細書では「SPV」とも言う)は、不織布の坪量(単位g/m2)と所定の平均細孔径範囲の細孔のシート細孔容積(単位cm3/g)との積である。先に定義したとおりSPV1は、VP1の平均細孔径に対応する比細孔容積である。先に定義したとおりSPV2は、VP2の平均細孔径に対応する比細孔容積である。
不織布の厚さは、Ono Sokki ST−022セラミックベースゲージスタンドに取り付けられた0.95cm(3/8インチ)測定プローブを有する、厚さ計(Ono Sokki EG−225)で測定される。これらは、ともにOno Sokki社(米イリノイ州Addison)から入手可能である。
接合された不織布の層間剥離値はASTM D2724の方法によって得られ、kg/mを単位として報告される。
単一の不織布、および複数不織布構造の全体反射率スペクトルは、ASTM E1164−02(Standard Practice for Obtaining Spectrophotometric Data for Object−Color Evaluation)の方法によって得る。150mm積分球アタッチメントを取り付けたLambda 650 UV/VIS/NIR分光計の中にシートを入れる。これらは、ともにPerkinElmer社(米マサチューセッツ州Wellesley)から入手可能である。出力は、それぞれの波長の反射率(パーセント)であり、測定されるスペクトル範囲は5nm間隔で380nmから780nmまでである。反射率標準器は、LabSphere社(米ニューハンプシャー州North Sutton)から購入した較正済みのSPECTRALON(登録商標)標準器である。光電子増倍管検出を使用する。三刺激値は、CIE 10°1964標準観測者および光源D65を使用したASTM E308−01の方法によって計算する。明所視の反射率RVISは、非特許文献1に記載されている光源D65およびCIE標準明視所観測者を使用して計算する。
(実施例1〜7、18および比較例1)
実施例1〜7、18および比較例1の不織布は、HDPEの複数のプレキシフィラメントフィルム−フィブリルを含むフラッシュ紡糸高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)の単一シートである。フラッシュ紡糸HDPEシートは、特許文献7、特許文献8および特許文献6に開示されている一般プロセスによって製作される。
多層不織布
表3に、本発明の拡散反射体を構成する多層フラッシュ紡糸HDPEシートの実施例の坪量(g/m2)および平均RVIS(%)が報告される。これらの実施例は、特に明示する場合を除き、実施例1〜7および18で説明した手順に従い、実施例1〜7および18で説明した材料を使用する。
アルミニウム蒸着MYLAR(登録商標)フィルムで裏打ちした単一不織布
ここでは、アルミニウム蒸着フィルムで裏打ちした単層フラッシュ紡糸HDPEシートを含む拡散反射体の実施例における平均厚さ(μm)、厚さの標準偏差(μm)および平均RVIS(%)が報告される。この実施例は、特に明示する場合を除き、実施例1〜7および18で説明した手順に従い、実施例1〜7および18で説明した材料を使用する。
多層不織布積層物
ここでは、多層フラッシュ紡糸HDPEシート積層物を含む拡散反射面の実施例の平均厚さ(μm)、厚さの標準偏差(μm)および平均RVIS(%)が報告される。これらの実施例は、特に明示する場合を除き、実施例1〜7および18で説明した手順に従い、実施例1〜7および18で説明した材料を使用する。
多層不織布の反射体を有する直接視バックライト
実施例15および16では、本発明による多層不織布拡散反射体を有する液晶光学ディスプレイバックライトを用意し、市販の拡散反射体を含む同じバックライトと比較する。不織布拡散反射体を使用すると明るさが増し、ディスプレイを最初の明るさのままにすればディスプレイの電池寿命を長くすることができる。
Vを含むバックライトユニットの平均輝度および均一性(sd/avg)を表5にまとめ
た。
多層不織布の反射体を有する直接視バックライト
表6に、実施例11、12および13で説明した単一のフラッシュ紡糸HDPEシート積層物拡散反射体、あるいは単一の市販の反射体を含む市販のバックライトユニットの平均輝度(cd/m2)、輝度の標準偏差(cd/m2、本明細書では「sd」とも言う)および均一性(%、sd/平均輝度と定義する)が報告される。
ックライトユニットの平均輝度および均一性(sd/avg)を表6にまとめた。
多層不織布の反射体からの拡散反射率
表7に、実施例11、12および13で説明した単一フラッシュ紡糸HDPEシート積層物拡散反射体、市販反射体E60L、E6SV(ともに東レ(日本、千葉県)によって販売されているホワイトPET反射体)、ならびにMCPET(古河電気工業(日本、東京都千代田区)製の超微細発泡ガラス光反射板)のピーク輝度の70%の角帯域幅(ABW)が報告される。
以下に、本明細書に記載された発明につき列記する。
1.光学キャビティを画定する構造の内部に位置付けられた光拡散反射体を含む拡散反射物品において、前記拡散反射体は、複数の細孔を含有する不織布を含み、水銀ポロシメーターによって測定された0.01μmから1.0μmまでの平均孔径を有する細孔について比細孔容積が少なくとも約34cm 3 /m 2 である拡散反射物品。
2.(i)前記光学キャビティの内部に配置された光源と、(ii)該光源からの光が通過するディスプレイパネルとをさらに含み、前記拡散反射体は、前記光源からの光を前記ディスプレイパネルに向けて反射するために前記光学キャビティの内部に位置付けられている前記1.に記載の物品。
3.水銀ポロシメーターによって測定された0.02μmから0.5μmまでの平均孔径を有する細孔について比細孔容積が少なくとも約28cm 3 /m 2 である前記1.に記載の物品。
4.前記不織布は、複数のプレキシフィラメントフィルム−フィブリルを含み、前記フィブリルは、細孔を含有するポリマーを含む前記1.に記載の物品。
5.前記ポリマーは、約10 −4 μm −1 以下の吸収係数を有する前記4.に記載の物品。
6.前記不織布の反射率は、380nmから780nmまでの波長範囲にわたって約4%以下の反射率だけ変化する前記1.に記載の物品。
7.前記拡散反射体は、複数の不織布層の積層物を含む前記1.に記載の物品。
8.前記積層物は、2層の不織布および接着剤を含み、前記拡散反射体の平均厚さが約400μm未満であり、380nmから780nmまでの波長範囲の前記拡散反射体における明所視の反射率が、少なくとも約96%である前記7.に記載の物品。
9.前記積層物は、4層の不織布および接着剤を含み、前記拡散反射体の平均厚さは、約900μm未満であり、380nmから780nmまでの波長範囲の前記拡散反射体の明所視の反射率が、少なくとも約98%である前記7.に記載の物品。
10.前記ディスプレイパネルは、液晶である前記2.に記載の物品。
11.(i)光学キャビティを画定する構造と、(ii)前記光学キャビティの内部に位置付けられた光源と、(iii)前記光源からの光が通過するディスプレイパネルと、
(iv)前記光源からの光を前記ディスプレイパネルに向けて反射させるために前記光
学キャビティの内部に位置付けられた拡散反射体とを含み、前記拡散反射体が、複数の細孔を含有する不織布を含み、水銀ポロシメーターによって測定された約0.01μmから1.0μmまでの平均細孔径を有する細孔について比細孔容積が少なくとも約10cm 3 /m 2 である光学ディスプレイ。
12.水銀ポロシメーターによって測定された約0.02μmから0.5μmまでの平均細孔径を有する細孔について比細孔容積が少なくとも約7cm 3 /m 2 である前記11.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
13.前記不織布は、複数のプレキシフィラメントフィルム−フィブリルを含み、前記フィブリルは、細孔を含有するポリマーを含む前記11.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
14.前記ポリマーは、約10 −4 μm −1 以下の吸収係数を有する前記13.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
15.前記不織布の反射率は、380nmから780nmまでの波長範囲にわたって約4%以下の反射率だけ変化する前記11.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
16.前記拡散反射体は、複数の不織布層の積層物を含む前記11.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
17.前記積層物は、2層の不織布および接着剤を含み、前記拡散反射体の平均厚さが、約400μm未満であり、380nmから780nmまでの波長範囲で前記拡散反射体の明所視の反射率は、少なくとも約96%である前記16.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
18.前記積層物は、4層の不織布および接着剤を含み、前記拡散反射体の平均厚さが、約900μm未満であり、380nmから780nmまでの波長範囲で前記拡散反射体の明所視の反射率は、少なくとも約98%である前記16.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
19.前記ディスプレイパネルは、液晶である前記11.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
20.前記拡散反射体は、前記光源からの光を前記ディスプレイパネルを通じて導くように、前記光学キャビティの少なくとも一部分を覆い、前記光源の回りを部分的に取り囲む前記11.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
21.前記光学キャビティは、前記光源からの光を前記ディスプレイパネルに向けて導くために前記光学キャビティの内部に位置付けられた光ガイドを含む前記11.に記載の光学ディスプレイ。
Claims (10)
- 光源から光を受け取り、該光を変調し、照明の恩恵を受ける物体に向けて導くように設計された密閉箱を画定する構造を有し、その内部に位置付けられた光拡散反射体を備える拡散反射物品において、
前記拡散反射体は、複数の細孔を含有する不織布を含み、水銀ポロシメーターによって測定された0.01μmから1.0μmまでの平均孔径を有する細孔について比細孔容積が少なくとも約34cm3/m2であり、
前記拡散反射体は、不織布繊維を形成するポリマー相に分散させた微粒子充填材を含む拡散反射物品。 - (i)前記密閉箱の内部に配置された光源と、(ii)該光源からの光が通過するディスプレイパネルとをさらに含み、前記拡散反射体は、前記光源からの光を前記ディスプレイパネルに向けて反射するために前記密閉箱の内部に位置付けられている請求項1に記載の物品。
- 水銀ポロシメーターによって測定された0.02μmから0.5μmまでの平均孔径を有する細孔について比細孔容積が少なくとも約28cm3/m2である請求項1に記載の物品。
- 前記不織布は、複数のプレキシフィラメントフィルム−フィブリルを含み、前記フィブリルは、細孔を含有するポリマーを含む請求項1に記載の物品。
- 前記ポリマーは、約10−4μm−1以下の吸収係数を有する請求項4に記載の物品。
- 前記不織布の反射率は、380nmから780nmまでの波長範囲にわたって約4%以下の反射率だけ変化する請求項1に記載の物品。
- 前記拡散反射体は、複数の不織布層の積層物を含む請求項1に記載の物品。
- 前記積層物は、2層の不織布および接着剤を含み、前記拡散反射体の平均厚さが約400μm未満であり、380nmから780nmまでの波長範囲の前記拡散反射体における明所視の反射率が、少なくとも約96%である請求項7に記載の物品。
- 前記積層物は、4層の不織布および接着剤を含み、前記拡散反射体の平均厚さは、約900μm未満であり、380nmから780nmまでの波長範囲の前記拡散反射体の明所視の反射率が、少なくとも約98%である請求項7に記載の物品。
- 前記ディスプレイパネルは、液晶である請求項2に記載の物品。
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US68173605P | 2005-05-17 | 2005-05-17 | |
US60/681,736 | 2005-05-17 | ||
US11/349,487 US7660040B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2006-02-07 | Diffuse reflective article |
US11/349,487 | 2006-02-07 |
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JP2006323392A JP2006323392A (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
JP2006323392A5 JP2006323392A5 (ja) | 2009-07-02 |
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JP2006138315A Active JP5144030B2 (ja) | 2005-05-17 | 2006-05-17 | 拡散反射物品 |
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US (1) | US7660040B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1724621B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5144030B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101307131B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1881041B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI429955B (ja) |
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US20060262310A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
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EP1724621A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
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