JP5106400B2 - Fetデバイスにおいて低欠陥密度のニッケルシリサイドを形成するための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
Fetデバイスにおいて低欠陥密度のニッケルシリサイドを形成するための方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5106400B2 JP5106400B2 JP2008533331A JP2008533331A JP5106400B2 JP 5106400 B2 JP5106400 B2 JP 5106400B2 JP 2008533331 A JP2008533331 A JP 2008533331A JP 2008533331 A JP2008533331 A JP 2008533331A JP 5106400 B2 JP5106400 B2 JP 5106400B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 75
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229910021334 nickel silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 11
- RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silicide Chemical compound [Ni]=[Si]=[Ni] RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 71
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910005883 NiSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910005881 NiSi 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 nickel cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005389 semiconductor device fabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- H01L21/28008—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes
- H01L21/28017—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon
- H01L21/28026—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor
- H01L21/28035—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor the final conductor layer next to the insulator being silicon, e.g. polysilicon, with or without impurities
- H01L21/28044—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor the final conductor layer next to the insulator being silicon, e.g. polysilicon, with or without impurities the conductor comprising at least another non-silicon conductive layer
- H01L21/28052—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor the final conductor layer next to the insulator being silicon, e.g. polysilicon, with or without impurities the conductor comprising at least another non-silicon conductive layer the conductor comprising a silicide layer formed by the silicidation reaction of silicon with a metal layer
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- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
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- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/665—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET using self aligned silicidation, i.e. salicide
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Description
2:ソース/ドレイン領域
10:FET構造体
11、12:ゲート材料
13、14:ゲート誘電体
15、16:スペーサ
17:ブランケット金属層
18:シリサイド
19:パイプ
21、22、31、32:金属
23、24、33、34:シリサイド
100:チャンバ
40:ターゲット
41:DC電源
42、52:プラズマ
50:環状電極
51、61:RF発生器
60:基板ホルダ
Claims (24)
- 基板上に金属を堆積する方法であって、
第1のプラズマ領域でのDC放電により無方向性プロセスで前記基板上に金属を堆積するステップと、
前記金属のターゲットと前記基板の間に配置された前記金属で被覆されるかまたは前記金属で形成される環状電極が形成する第2のプラズマ領域でのRF放電および前記基板をバイアスした状態でのRF放電を使用する方向性プロセスで、前記基板上に金属を堆積するステップと
を含み、
前記堆積ステップのそれぞれは、同一のプロセス・チャンバ内で任意の順序で実行される、方法。 - 前記無方向性プロセスで金属を堆積する前記ステップは、第1のプラズマ領域内でプラズマを形成することを更に含み、
前記方向性プロセスで金属を堆積する前記ステップは、第2のプラズマ領域内でプラズマを形成することを更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記方向性プロセスで金属を堆積する前記ステップは、前記基板と該基板に対向するターゲットとの間に配置された環状電極を準備することを更に含み、前記電極は第1のRF発生器に接続され、
前記第2のプラズマ領域は、前記電極の内側を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。 - 前記第1のプラズマ領域内のプラズマは、前記基板に対向して配置されたターゲットから材料を取り出させ、前記第2のプラズマ領域内のプラズマは、前記材料をイオン化させる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記基板は基板ホルダ上に配置され、前記方向性プロセスで金属を堆積する前記ステップは、前記基板に電気的にバイアスをかけるために前記ホルダに接続された第2のRF発生器を準備することを更に含み、それにより前記第2のプラズマ領域からのイオンは、前記基板に対して垂直な方向で該基板に引き寄せられる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 続いて、シリサイドを前記金属と堆積された該金属の下にあるシリコンとから形成するステップを更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記シリサイドは、前記基板上に形成されるFETデバイスのシリサイド化ゲートの一部分である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記シリサイド化ゲートは、方向性プロセスのみで堆積された金属から形成されるシリサイドゲートよりも低い実効シート抵抗を有する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、金属堆積のコリメーションの程度によって特徴づけられ、前記シリサイドを含むデバイスは、前記コリメーションの程度に従うパイプ欠陥密度を有する、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記FETデバイスは、シリサイド化ソース/ドレイン領域を含み、前記シリサイド化ソース/ドレイン領域は、無方向性プロセスのみで堆積された金属から形成されるシリサイド化ソース/ドレイン領域よりも低いソース/ドレイン接触抵抗を有する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、堆積された金属の厚さによって特徴づけられ、
前記シリサイドは前記基板上に形成されるFETデバイスの一部分であり、前記FETデバイスはゲート構造体を含み、
前記シリサイドは、前記ゲート構造体の側部上で、方向性プロセスのみで堆積された同じ厚さの金属から形成されるシリサイドよりも大きな厚さを有する、請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記方法は、堆積された金属の厚さによって特徴づけられ、
前記シリサイドは前記基板上に形成されるFETデバイスの一部分であり、前記FETデバイスはゲート構造体を含み、
前記シリサイドは、前記ゲート構造体の上部において、方向性プロセスのみで堆積された同じ厚さの金属から形成されるシリサイドよりも大きな容積を有する、請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記金属は、Ni、Ti、W、Mo、Co、Pt、Nb及びそれらの合金から成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 基板上に金属を堆積するための装置であって、
基板のためのホルダと、
前記基板ホルダに対向して配置されるターゲットであって、第1のプラズマ領域内のプラズマからの衝撃により前記ターゲットから取り出された材料は前記基板上に堆積される、ターゲットと、
前記基板ホルダと前記ターゲットとの間に配置され、かつ前記金属で被覆されるかまたは前記金属で形成されて第2のプラズマ領域を形成する環状電極と、
前記電極の内側の第2のプラズマ領域内にプラズマを形成するための、該電極に接続された第1のRF発生器と、
前記基板に電気的にバイアスをかけるための、前記基板ホルダに接続された第2のRF発生器と、
を備え、
前記材料は、前記第2のプラズマ領域内のプラズマ形成がない場合、及び前記基板に電気的にバイアスがかけられていない場合に、前記基板上に無方向性の堆積をされ、
前記材料は、前記第2のプラズマ領域内でプラズマが形成される条件下、及び前記基板に電気的にバイアスがかけられている条件下で、前記基板上に方向性の堆積をされる、装置。 - 前記第2のプラズマ領域内の前記プラズマは、前記材料のイオン密度を増大させる、請求項14に記載の装置。
- 前記基板のバイアスは、イオンを前記第2のプラズマ領域から該基板に垂直な方向で移動させ、それにより該基板上で前記材料の方向性の堆積を生じさせる、請求項14に記載の装置。
- 前記電極は、環状の形状を有し、前記電極は、前記ターゲットから基板へ向かって移動する材料をコリメートする、請求項14に記載の装置。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載された方法により形成される構造体であって、
基板上に形成された構造体であって、金属シリサイドの領域を含み、
第1の領域において、前記金属シリサイドは、前記構造体の頂部上、及びそこに隣接した側壁上に配置され、
第2の領域において、前記金属シリサイドは、前記第2の領域内の前記金属シリサイドの表面が前記側壁の表面に接触するように、該側壁に隣接する前記基板上に配置され、
前記第2の領域の前記金属シリサイドの厚さは、前記側壁からの距離が減少するにつれて減少し、前記金属シリサイドの両領域は、不連続である、構造体。 - 前記第1の領域において、前記側壁上の前記金属シリサイドの厚さは、前記頂部上の厚さと実質的に等しい、請求項18に記載の構造体。
- 前記第1の領域内の前記金属シリサイドは、第1の厚さによって特徴づけられ、前記第2領域内の前記金属シリサイドは、前記第1の厚さより小さい第2の厚さによって特徴づけられる、請求項18に記載の構造体。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載された方法により形成される構造体であって、
基板上に形成されたFETゲート構造体であって、
頂部及び側壁を有するゲート材料の部分と、
前記側壁に隣接するスペーサと、
前記ゲート材料の頂部上の金属シリサイドの第1の領域と、
前記基板の上で、かつ前記スペーサに接触する金属シリサイドの第2の領域と
を含み、
前記第1の領域と第2の領域とは不連続であり、
前記第2の領域内の前記金属シリサイドの厚さは、前記スペーサからの距離が減少するにつれて減少する、FETゲート構造体。 - 前記第1の領域内の前記金属シリサイドは、第1の厚さによって特徴づけられ、前記第2の領域内の前記金属シリサイドは、前記第1の厚さより小さい第2の厚さによって特徴づけられる、請求項21に記載のFETゲート構造体。
- 前記スペーサは、前記側壁の下部に隣接し、前記金属シリサイドの前記第1の領域は、該側壁の上部を含む、請求項21に記載のFETゲート構造体。
- 前記第1の領域において、前記側壁上の前記金属シリサイドの厚さは、前記頂部上の厚さと実質的に等しい、請求項21に記載のFETゲート構造体。
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US11/163,038 US7456095B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2005-10-03 | Method and apparatus for forming nickel silicide with low defect density in FET devices |
PCT/US2006/023964 WO2007040679A2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2006-06-20 | Method and apparatus for forming nickel silicide with low defect density in fet devices |
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EP (1) | EP1946361B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5106400B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101055944B1 (ja) |
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US7745320B2 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2010-06-29 | Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing, Ltd. | Method for reducing silicide defects in integrated circuits |
US8021971B2 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-09-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Structure and method to form a thermally stable silicide in narrow dimension gate stacks |
US8741773B2 (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2014-06-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Nickel-silicide formation with differential Pt composition |
KR20110101967A (ko) * | 2010-03-10 | 2011-09-16 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 반도체 소자 및 이를 제조하는 방법 |
CN103377894B (zh) * | 2012-04-20 | 2016-09-21 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 金属硅化物制造方法 |
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US5114556A (en) * | 1989-12-27 | 1992-05-19 | Machine Technology, Inc. | Deposition apparatus and method for enhancing step coverage and planarization on semiconductor wafers |
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EP0703598A1 (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-03-27 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Electrode between sputtering target and workpiece |
US6827824B1 (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 2004-12-07 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Enhanced collimated deposition |
US5814537A (en) | 1996-12-18 | 1998-09-29 | Sharp Microelectronics Technology,Inc. | Method of forming transistor electrodes from directionally deposited silicide |
US6693001B2 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 2004-02-17 | Renesas Technology Corporation | Process for producing semiconductor integrated circuit device |
US5830330A (en) * | 1997-05-22 | 1998-11-03 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Method and apparatus for low pressure sputtering |
US5851890A (en) | 1997-08-28 | 1998-12-22 | Lsi Logic Corporation | Process for forming integrated circuit structure with metal silicide contacts using notched sidewall spacer on gate electrode |
US6110821A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2000-08-29 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method for forming titanium silicide in situ |
US6100173A (en) | 1998-07-15 | 2000-08-08 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Forming a self-aligned silicide gate conductor to a greater thickness than junction silicide structures using a dual-salicidation process |
JP2000349285A (ja) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-12-15 | Hitachi Ltd | 半導体集積回路装置の製造方法および半導体集積回路装置 |
US6168696B1 (en) | 1999-09-01 | 2001-01-02 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Non-knurled induction coil for ionized metal deposition, sputtering apparatus including same, and method of constructing the apparatus |
US6534394B1 (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2003-03-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process to create robust contacts and interconnects |
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JP2004521486A (ja) * | 2000-12-06 | 2004-07-15 | アドバンスト・マイクロ・ディバイシズ・インコーポレイテッド | 1工程の急速熱アニールプロセスおよびバックエンド処理を用いてニッケルシリサイドを形成する方法 |
JP3982218B2 (ja) | 2001-02-07 | 2007-09-26 | ソニー株式会社 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
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CN101056614A (zh) * | 2004-11-09 | 2007-10-17 | 眼力健有限公司 | 眼用溶液 |
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US7456095B2 (en) | 2008-11-25 |
KR101055944B1 (ko) | 2011-08-09 |
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WO2007040679A3 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
EP1946361A2 (en) | 2008-07-23 |
US20080156265A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
KR20080059402A (ko) | 2008-06-27 |
CN101512740A (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
US7759741B2 (en) | 2010-07-20 |
CN101512740B (zh) | 2013-02-27 |
WO2007040679A2 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
US20080164540A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
EP1946361A4 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
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US8298385B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
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