JP5100085B2 - 排ガス浄化用触媒 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化用触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5100085B2 JP5100085B2 JP2006296447A JP2006296447A JP5100085B2 JP 5100085 B2 JP5100085 B2 JP 5100085B2 JP 2006296447 A JP2006296447 A JP 2006296447A JP 2006296447 A JP2006296447 A JP 2006296447A JP 5100085 B2 JP5100085 B2 JP 5100085B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
- B01J23/464—Rhodium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0234—Impregnation and coating simultaneously
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1021—Platinum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1023—Palladium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1025—Rhodium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/902—Multilayered catalyst
- B01D2255/9022—Two layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/902—Multilayered catalyst
- B01D2255/9025—Three layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Description
本発明は第一の観点において、担体基材と、当該担体基材上に形成され、且つ多孔質酸化物担体と白金及び/又はパラジウム並びにロジウムとを含む1又は複数の触媒コート層とを有する排ガス浄化用触媒であって、(白金及び/又はパラジウム)/ロジウムの重量比が1.0以下であることを特徴とする排ガス浄化用触媒、を提供する。
上述した本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、NOx含有量の少ない排ガスに対する浄化性能が特に優れている。それ故、従来使用されてきた三元触媒の下流側に配置することで、従来の排ガス浄化システムでは浄化しきれなかったNOxを更に浄化させることができる。そのため、本発明の第二の観点では、排ガス浄化用触媒を搭載する排ガス浄化システムにおいて、複数の触媒コート層が同一担体基材上に形成している場合には排ガス流れ方向に向かって2番目以降の触媒コート層、あるいは複数の触媒が搭載されている場合には2個目以降の触媒のいずれかの触媒コート層が、重量比1.0以下の(白金及び/又はパラジウム)/ロジウムを含む排ガス浄化システムを提供する。好ましい態様において、本発明の触媒はアンダーフロアー触媒として当該排ガス浄化システム内に配置される。
単層アンダーフロアー触媒(触媒成分:ロジウム及び白金)の調製
硝酸ロジウム溶液(ロジウム含量0.15g)及びジニトロジアミノ白金溶液(白金含量0.01g)と、θアルミナ90g及びセリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=20:80(重量比))70gとを混合してスラリーを調製した。当該スラリーをモノリスハニカム(容積1L)に浸漬コーティングした後、250℃で1時間乾燥させた。その後、500℃で1時間焼成して、以下の構成の触媒コート層を有する単層のアンダーフロアー触媒(実施例1)を調製した(白金/ロジウム(g/g)=0.07)。
単層:ロジウム0.15g、白金0.01g、θアルミナ90g、セリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=20:80(重量比))70g
単層アンダーフロアー触媒(触媒成分:ロジウム及び白金)の調製
実施例1と同様の手法により、白金量の検討を目的として以下の表1に記載のような(白金及び/又はパラジウム)/ロジウム(g/g)比が0.10〜1.00の単層のアンダーフロアー触媒を調製した(実施例2〜5)。
単層アンダーフロアー触媒(触媒成分:ロジウム及びパラジウム)の調製
ジニトロジアミノ白金溶液の代わりに硝酸パラジウム溶液(パラジウム含量0.03g)を用いた点を除き、実施例1に記載のものと同様の手法で以下の構成の触媒コート層を有する単層のアンダーフロアー触媒(実施例6)を調製した(パラジウム/ロジウム(g/g)=0.20)。
単層:ロジウム0.15g、パラジウム0.03g、θアルミナ90g、セリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=20:80(重量比))70g
単層アンダーフロアー触媒(触媒成分:ロジウム及び白金)の調製
スラリー中に第二の複合酸化物(Ce/Zr(55:45))20gを加えた点を除き、実施例1に記載のものと同様の手法で以下の構成の触媒コート層を有する単層のアンダーフロアー触媒(実施例7)を調製した(白金/ロジウム(g/g)=0.20)。
単層:ロジウム0.15g、白金0.03g、θアルミナ90g、第一セリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=20:80(重量比))70g、第二セリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=55:45(重量比))20g
二層アンダーフロアー触媒(触媒成分:ロジウム及び白金)の調製
ジニトロジアミノ白金溶液(白金含量0.03g)と、θアルミナ45gを含むスラリーを調製した。当該スラリーをモノリスハニカム(容積1L)に浸漬コーティングした後、250℃で1時間乾燥させた。
上層:ロジウム0.15g、θアルミナ45g、セリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=20:80)70g
下層:白金0.03g、θアルミナ45g
単層アンダーフロアー触媒(触媒成分:ロジウム及び白金)の調製
実施例1と同様の手法により、以下の構成の触媒コート層を有する単層のアンダーフロアー触媒(比較例1)を調製した(白金/ロジウム(g/g)=3.33)。
単層:ロジウム0.15g、白金0.50g、θアルミナ90g、セリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=20:80(重量比))70g
単層アンダーフロアー触媒(触媒成分:ロジウム及び白金)の調製
実施例1と同様の手法により、以下の構成の触媒コート層を有する単層のアンダーフロアー触媒(比較例2)を調製した(白金/ロジウム(g/g)=2.00)。
単層:ロジウム0.15g、白金0.30g、θアルミナ90g、セリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=20:80(重量比))70g
単層アンダーフロアー触媒(触媒成分:ロジウム)の調製
ジニトロジアミノ白金溶液を用いなかった点を除き、実施例1に記載のものと同様の手法で以下の構成の触媒コート層を有する単層のアンダーフロアー触媒(比較例3)を調製した。
単層:ロジウム0.15g、θアルミナ90g、セリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=20:80(重量比))70g
上記触媒を排気量4Lのエンジンにて、触媒入りガス温度850℃で50時間耐久させた後、排気量2.2Lのエンジンを有する実機車両(アンダーフロアーの排気管内)へ搭載した。尚、それぞれの車両のスタートコンバーター内には、以下の構成の触媒コート層を有する二層のスタートコンバーター用触媒(白金/ロジウム(g/g)=8.0)を搭載した。
上層:ロジウム0.25g、θアルミナ70g、セリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=20:80(重量比))70g
下層:白金2.00g、θアルミナ40g及びセリウム/ジルコニウム複合酸化物(セリウム:ジルコニウム=55:45(重量比))80g
Claims (3)
- 担体基材と、当該担体基材上に形成され、且つ多孔質酸化物担体と白金及び/又はパラジウム並びにロジウムとを含む1又は複数の触媒コート層とを有する排ガス浄化用触媒であって、(白金及び/又はパラジウム)/ロジウムの重量比が1.0以下であることを特徴とする排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 多孔質酸化物担体がジルコニアを50重量%超含む多孔質複合酸化物を含む、請求項1に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 担体基材と、当該担体基材上に形成され、且つ多孔質酸化物担体と貴金属とを含む1又は複数の触媒コート層とを有する排ガス浄化用触媒を搭載する排ガス浄化システムであって、複数の触媒コート層が同一担体基材上に形成している場合には排ガス流れ方向に向かって2番目以降の触媒コート層、あるいは複数の触媒が搭載されている場合には2個目以降の触媒のいずれかの触媒コート層が、重量比1.0以下の(白金及び/又はパラジウム)/ロジウムを含む排ガス浄化システム。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006296447A JP5100085B2 (ja) | 2006-10-31 | 2006-10-31 | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
US12/447,580 US8227374B2 (en) | 2006-10-31 | 2007-10-31 | Exhaust gas purification catalyst |
EP07831324.4A EP2085139A4 (en) | 2006-10-31 | 2007-10-31 | Exhaust gas purifying catalyst |
KR1020097008673A KR101059807B1 (ko) | 2006-10-31 | 2007-10-31 | 배기가스 정화용 촉매 |
PCT/JP2007/071592 WO2008054017A1 (fr) | 2006-10-31 | 2007-10-31 | Catalyseur de purification de gaz d'échappement |
CN200780039221.8A CN101528348B (zh) | 2006-10-31 | 2007-10-31 | 用于尾气净化的催化剂 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006296447A JP5100085B2 (ja) | 2006-10-31 | 2006-10-31 | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
Publications (2)
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JP2008110322A JP2008110322A (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
JP5100085B2 true JP5100085B2 (ja) | 2012-12-19 |
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JP2006296447A Active JP5100085B2 (ja) | 2006-10-31 | 2006-10-31 | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
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US (1) | US8227374B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2085139A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5100085B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101059807B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101528348B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008054017A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2112339A1 (de) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-28 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Abgasen eines Verbrennungsmotors |
KR100970337B1 (ko) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-07-15 | 한국전력공사 | 배연 탈질용 선택적 환원 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 |
US8246923B2 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2012-08-21 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | High Pd content diesel oxidation catalysts with improved hydrothermal durability |
US8557203B2 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2013-10-15 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Architectural diesel oxidation catalyst for enhanced NO2 generator |
US8263033B2 (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2012-09-11 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Palladium-contaning oxidation catalyst |
PL2579983T3 (pl) * | 2010-06-10 | 2018-08-31 | Basf Se | Katalizator do magazynowania NOx o zmniejszonym obciążeniu Rh |
US8557204B2 (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2013-10-15 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Three-way catalyst having an upstream single-layer catalyst |
JP5376261B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-10 | 2013-12-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
US8591820B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2013-11-26 | Corning Incorporated | Honeycomb filters for reducing NOx and particulate matter in diesel engine exhaust |
JP5578369B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-24 | 2014-08-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
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WO2008054017A1 (fr) | 2008-05-08 |
CN101528348A (zh) | 2009-09-09 |
KR101059807B1 (ko) | 2011-08-26 |
US8227374B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 |
US20100062930A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
KR20090061669A (ko) | 2009-06-16 |
JP2008110322A (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
EP2085139A1 (en) | 2009-08-05 |
EP2085139A4 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
CN101528348B (zh) | 2014-04-09 |
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