JP5046245B2 - 低圧浸炭窒化方法及び装置 - Google Patents
低圧浸炭窒化方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5046245B2 JP5046245B2 JP2008507141A JP2008507141A JP5046245B2 JP 5046245 B2 JP5046245 B2 JP 5046245B2 JP 2008507141 A JP2008507141 A JP 2008507141A JP 2008507141 A JP2008507141 A JP 2008507141A JP 5046245 B2 JP5046245 B2 JP 5046245B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- steps
- injected
- carbonitriding
- during
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
Description
Claims (8)
- 減圧された内部圧力に維持された囲壁内に配置されてあり、ある温度レベルに維持されてある鋼部を浸炭窒化する方法において、
交互に行われる第1及び第2ステップを備え、前記第1ステップの間のみ浸炭ガスが前記囲壁内に注入され、少なくとも2個の第2ステップの少なくとも一部の間のみ窒化ガスが前記囲壁に注入され、
中性ガスが前記窒化ガスと同時に前記囲壁内に注入されることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記浸炭ガスはプロパン又はアセチレンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記窒化ガスはアンモニアであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記窒化ガスは、少なくとも第2ステップの間前記第2ステップの継続時間より短い時間前記囲壁内に注入され、前記第2ステップの残りは中性ガスの存在下で行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1及び第2ステップは、1,500パスカルより低い一定の圧力で行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記温度レベルは、800℃から1050℃までの範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記温度レベルは、900℃より高いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 鋼部を収容するための浸炭窒化炉であり、減圧された内部圧力を維持すべく制御されたガス導入手段及びガス抽出手段と関連し、ある温度レベルに前記鋼部を維持するための加熱手段を備える前記浸炭窒化炉において、
前記ガス導入手段は、前記温度レベルで第1及び第2ステップが交互に行われる間、前記第1ステップの間のみ浸炭ガスを導入し、少なくとも2個の第2ステップの少なくとも一部の間のみ窒化ガスを導入する手段と、中性ガスを前記窒化ガスと同時に導入する手段とを備えることを特徴とする浸炭窒化炉。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0550996 | 2005-04-19 | ||
FR0550996A FR2884523B1 (fr) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | Procede et four de carbonitruration a basse pression |
PCT/FR2006/050357 WO2006111683A1 (fr) | 2005-04-19 | 2006-04-19 | Procede et four de carbonitruration a basse pression |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008538386A JP2008538386A (ja) | 2008-10-23 |
JP5046245B2 true JP5046245B2 (ja) | 2012-10-10 |
Family
ID=35376995
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008507141A Active JP5046245B2 (ja) | 2005-04-19 | 2006-04-19 | 低圧浸炭窒化方法及び装置 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8303731B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1885904B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5046245B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101328110B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100569992C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE451484T1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0608493A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2604785C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602006010997D1 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2884523B1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2007012964A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006111683A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2884523B1 (fr) | 2005-04-19 | 2008-01-11 | Const Mecaniques Sa Et | Procede et four de carbonitruration a basse pression |
JP4881577B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-18 | 2012-02-22 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 真空浸炭処理部品およびその製法 |
FR2909100B1 (fr) * | 2006-11-28 | 2009-03-20 | Snr Roulements Sa | Procede de renforcement d'une piece en acier riche en carbone par carbonitruration a basse pression. |
JP4551428B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-30 | 2010-09-29 | 正賢 劉 | マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼の表面硬度を向上する方法 |
DK2462253T3 (da) | 2009-08-07 | 2021-05-31 | Swagelok Co | Opkulning ved lav temperatur under lavt vakuum |
KR200458171Y1 (ko) * | 2010-03-09 | 2012-01-25 | 강순택 | 전동식 마늘종 절단장치 |
EP2627795A1 (de) * | 2010-10-11 | 2013-08-21 | Ipsen International GmbH | Verfahren und einrichtung zum aufkohlen und carbonitrieren von metallischen werkstoffen |
WO2012166851A1 (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-06 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Carbo-nitriding process for martensitic stainless steel and stainless steel article having improved corrosion resistance |
FR2976589B1 (fr) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-09-12 | Wheelabrator Allevard | Traitement de surface d'une piece metallique |
JP5878699B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-23 | 2016-03-08 | エア・ウォーター株式会社 | 鋼製品およびその製造方法 |
FR2981948B1 (fr) * | 2011-10-31 | 2014-01-03 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de carbonitruration basse pression, a gradient reduit de temperature dans une phase de nitruration initiale |
FR2981949B1 (fr) | 2011-10-31 | 2013-11-08 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de carbonitruration a etape de nitruration finale pendant une descente de temperature |
FR2981947B1 (fr) * | 2011-10-31 | 2014-01-03 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de carbonitruration basse pression, a plage de temperature etendue dans une phase de nitruration initiale |
WO2013109415A1 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-25 | Swagelok Company | Concurrent flow of activating gas in low temperature carburization |
FR2991694B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-07 | 2015-08-07 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de traitement thermochimique pour une piece en acier combinant une etape de carbonitruration et une etape de nitruration |
JP2014122367A (ja) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-07-03 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 真空浸窒処理方法 |
DE102013006589A1 (de) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-23 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung für das thermochemische Härten von Werkstücken |
CN103361594A (zh) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-10-23 | 湖南特科能热处理有限公司 | 一种钢制加工件表面渗碳氮化处理方法 |
FR3028530B1 (fr) * | 2014-11-14 | 2020-10-23 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede et installation de carbonitruration de piece(s) en acier sous basse pression et haute temperature |
FR3029938B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-11 | 2019-04-26 | Ecm Technologies | Procede et four de carbonitruration a basse pression |
FR3032205B1 (fr) * | 2015-02-04 | 2017-02-17 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Installation de carbonitruration en serie de piece(s) en acier sous basse pression et haute temperature |
RU2684033C1 (ru) | 2015-03-24 | 2019-04-03 | Куинтус Текнолоджиз Аб | Способ и устройство для обработки металлических изделий |
FR3041000A1 (fr) | 2015-09-14 | 2017-03-17 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de traitement d’une ou plusieurs pieces en acier |
DE102017210597A1 (de) * | 2017-06-23 | 2018-12-27 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Tiefenwirksames Karbonitrieren |
FR3081884B1 (fr) * | 2018-06-05 | 2021-05-21 | Safran Helicopter Engines | Procede de cementation basse pression d'une piece comprenant de l'acier |
CN108893705B (zh) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-03-27 | 嘉兴合邦机械科技有限公司 | 一种真空渗氮加工工艺 |
CN109097722A (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-28 | 宁波市精恒凯翔机械有限公司 | 滚刀的加工工艺 |
CN110747430B (zh) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-12-15 | 西南交通大学 | 一种低压气体快速渗氮方法 |
CN114962460A (zh) | 2021-02-25 | 2022-08-30 | 斯凯孚公司 | 经热处理的滚子轴承圈 |
FR3132720A1 (fr) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-08-18 | Skf Aerospace France | Procédé de renforcement d’une pièce en acier par carbonitruration |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3892597A (en) * | 1972-04-13 | 1975-07-01 | Midland Ross Corp | Method of nitriding |
FR2271295A1 (en) † | 1973-12-21 | 1975-12-12 | Air Liquide | Gas mixtures for heat treating steel - esp. for controlled carburisation |
US4035203A (en) | 1973-12-21 | 1977-07-12 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method for the heat-treatment of steel and for the control of said treatment |
SU1159960A1 (ru) * | 1982-06-09 | 1985-06-07 | Московский вечерний металлургический институт | Способ нагрева стали |
JP3867376B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-01 | 2007-01-10 | 日本精工株式会社 | 転動部材の製造方法 |
FR2777911B1 (fr) † | 1998-04-28 | 2000-07-28 | Aubert & Duval Sa | Procede de carbonitruration a basse pression de pieces en alliage metallique |
JP3960697B2 (ja) * | 1998-12-10 | 2007-08-15 | 株式会社日本テクノ | 浸炭および浸炭窒化処理方法 |
DE19909694A1 (de) | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-14 | Stiftung Inst Fuer Werkstoffte | Verfahren zum Varbonitrieren bei Unterdruckverfahren ohne Plasmaunterstützung |
EP1160349B1 (de) * | 2000-05-24 | 2004-08-18 | Ipsen International GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke |
FR2809746B1 (fr) * | 2000-06-06 | 2003-03-21 | Etudes Const Mecaniques | Installation de cementation chauffee au gaz |
JP4092074B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-28 | 2008-05-28 | Dowaホールディングス株式会社 | 鉄鋼材料の真空浸炭方法 |
AU2002218508A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-17 | Koyo Thermo Systems Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for vacuum heat treatment |
DE60141304D1 (de) * | 2001-12-13 | 2010-03-25 | Koyo Thermo Sys Co Ltd | Vakuum-carbonitrierverfahren |
DE10322255B4 (de) * | 2003-05-16 | 2013-07-11 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag | Verfahren zur Hochtemperaturaufkohlung von Stahlteilen |
JP4655528B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-12 | 2011-03-23 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 高強度機械構造用部品の製造方法、および高強度機械構造用部品 |
FR2884523B1 (fr) | 2005-04-19 | 2008-01-11 | Const Mecaniques Sa Et | Procede et four de carbonitruration a basse pression |
US7514035B2 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2009-04-07 | Jones William R | Versatile high velocity integral vacuum furnace |
-
2005
- 2005-04-19 FR FR0550996A patent/FR2884523B1/fr active Active
-
2006
- 2006-04-19 CN CNB200680013305XA patent/CN100569992C/zh active Active
- 2006-04-19 US US11/918,805 patent/US8303731B2/en active Active
- 2006-04-19 JP JP2008507141A patent/JP5046245B2/ja active Active
- 2006-04-19 BR BRPI0608493-1A patent/BRPI0608493A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-04-19 DE DE602006010997T patent/DE602006010997D1/de active Active
- 2006-04-19 WO PCT/FR2006/050357 patent/WO2006111683A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2006-04-19 EP EP06743815.0A patent/EP1885904B2/fr active Active
- 2006-04-19 KR KR1020077026914A patent/KR101328110B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-04-19 CA CA2604785A patent/CA2604785C/en active Active
- 2006-04-19 MX MX2007012964A patent/MX2007012964A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2006-04-19 AT AT06743815T patent/ATE451484T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-10-22 US US13/657,112 patent/US8784575B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1885904B1 (fr) | 2009-12-09 |
ATE451484T1 (de) | 2009-12-15 |
EP1885904A1 (fr) | 2008-02-13 |
KR20080005281A (ko) | 2008-01-10 |
EP1885904B2 (fr) | 2017-02-01 |
FR2884523A1 (fr) | 2006-10-20 |
CA2604785C (en) | 2014-04-15 |
CN100569992C (zh) | 2009-12-16 |
KR101328110B1 (ko) | 2013-11-08 |
JP2008538386A (ja) | 2008-10-23 |
WO2006111683A1 (fr) | 2006-10-26 |
US20130042947A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
US20110036462A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
CA2604785A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
US8784575B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 |
BRPI0608493A2 (pt) | 2010-01-05 |
US8303731B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 |
MX2007012964A (es) | 2007-12-10 |
FR2884523B1 (fr) | 2008-01-11 |
CN101180416A (zh) | 2008-05-14 |
DE602006010997D1 (de) | 2010-01-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5046245B2 (ja) | 低圧浸炭窒化方法及び装置 | |
CN107406960B (zh) | 低压碳氮共渗方法和炉 | |
JP5930960B2 (ja) | 浸炭窒化法 | |
JPWO2003048405A1 (ja) | 真空熱処理方法および装置 | |
JP2013528702A (ja) | 金属コンポーネントの浸炭窒化法 | |
US20220042158A1 (en) | Nitriding process for carburizing ferrium steels | |
US20080149225A1 (en) | Method for oxygen free carburization in atmospheric pressure furnaces | |
JP2004332074A (ja) | 浸炭方法 | |
CN103361594A (zh) | 一种钢制加工件表面渗碳氮化处理方法 | |
ATE220732T1 (de) | Verfahren zum niederdrück-nitrocarburieren metallischer werkstücke | |
KR101866754B1 (ko) | 저압 범위 내에서의 침탄방법 | |
KR101245564B1 (ko) | 스테인레스강, 내열강 및 고합금강에 대한 가스질화방법 | |
KR102243284B1 (ko) | 질화 처리 장치 및 질화 처리 방법 | |
KR20170052485A (ko) | 저온 진공침탄방법 | |
KR102495177B1 (ko) | 연질화 처리 방법 | |
KR20190020634A (ko) | 철 합금 및 다른 금속으로 제조된 가공물의 저압 침탄(lpc) 방법 | |
RU2756547C1 (ru) | Способ азотирования коррозионно-стойких и высоколегированных сталей | |
JP4858071B2 (ja) | 鋼材の表面処理方法及び表面処理された鋼材 | |
KR102494316B1 (ko) | 침탄원료의 저감 및 입계산화의 저감을 위한 가스침탄방법 | |
WO2008083033A3 (en) | Method for oxygen free carburization in atmospheric pressure furnaces | |
KR20050000627A (ko) | 가스질화의 열처리 방법 | |
JP2002115043A (ja) | 浸炭処理方法および浸炭処理装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20090410 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20111215 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20111220 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20120314 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20120322 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120606 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120703 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120710 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150727 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5046245 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |