JP4999866B2 - 窒化ガリウム系半導体ヘテロ構造体の成長方法 - Google Patents
窒化ガリウム系半導体ヘテロ構造体の成長方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 28
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 25
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001199 N alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USZGMDQWECZTIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg](C1C=CC=C1)C1C=CC=C1 Chemical compound [Mg](C1C=CC=C1)C1C=CC=C1 USZGMDQWECZTIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- JVPLOXQKFGYFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Au] JVPLOXQKFGYFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- QHGSGZLLHBKSAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridosilicon Chemical compound [SiH] QHGSGZLLHBKSAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 lithium aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of group III and group V of the periodic system containing nitrogen
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- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
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- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/34—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
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Description
(1)濃厚な青色放射の一部を黄色放射に変換する堆積蛍光体層によって覆われた濃厚な青色光のエミッターに基づいた発光ダイオード。
(3)赤色、緑色、及び濃厚な青色スペクトル帯域において放射する三つの個別的なエミッターを含むフルカラー(full-color)発光ダイオード(RGBシステム)。
サファイア(Al2O3)、炭化ケイ素(6H‐SiC)、窒化ガリウム(GaN)、及び窒化アルミニウム(AlN)が、A3Nエピタキシャル構造体の成長のための基板として使用される。より安いサファイア基板がほとんど使用される。したがって、サファイア基板より何倍も高い炭化ケイ素基板は、頻繁に使用されない。理想に近いものとしては、GaN又はAlNから形成された基板があるが、これらの大量生産はまだ達成されていない。
その表面が、A3Nエピタキシャル層の結晶学的類型、例えばウルツ鉱(wurtzite)型の結晶構造及び結晶格子の方位角配向を定義する結晶学的c面(0001)である、サファイア又は炭化ケイ素の単結晶基板。
普通は特別にドーピングされていない、ほとんどInxGa1−xNアロイ(alloys)のような材料の狭いバンドギャップ層のセットを含む活性領域。
多様な素子、特に発光ダイオード及びレーザーにおいて使用されるA3N‐エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体においては、欠陥(転位(dislocation)、パッキング欠陥(defects of packing)等)密度及び機械的ストレスの水準が可能な限り低くなければならない。例えば、GaAsレーザーヘテロ構造体は、欠陥密度が普通102‐103cm−2値を超過しない。
(2)また、本発明の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法は、前記構成において、前記基板が、セリウム及びプラセオジムによりドーピングされ、一般式のLa 3−x−y Ce x Pr y Ga 5 SiO 14 (x=0.1±3%、y=0.01±1%)に表現される、ことを特徴とする。
(3)また、本発明の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法は、前記構成において、前記ランガサイト基板の厚さが、80マイクロンを超過しない、ことを特徴とする。
(4)また、本発明の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法は、前記構成において、前記基板が、Si、Al 2 O 3 、Ge型材料上に蒸着されたCe及びPrによりドーピングされたランガサイトバッファー層を含む、ことを特徴とする。
(5)また、本発明の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法は、前記構成において、発光ダイオード構造体の成長後、その表面上に追加的な蛍光ランガサイト層を成長させることが行われる、ことを特徴とする。
(6)また、本発明の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法は、前記構成において、前記追加的な蛍光ランガサイト層の厚さが、3マイクロンを超過しない、ことを特徴とする。
そして、本発明の第1の形態によると、「第1のエピタキシャルAlxGa1−xN層基板」の界面において並びに発光ヘテロ構造体の他の機能層において、転位密度を減少させるためにランガサイト基板が使用される成長方法が開示される。上記基板と上記第1のエピタキシャルAlxGa1−xN層のc格子定数の不一致は、x=1において−2.3%,x=0において+1.7%の限度内にあり、c軸に沿う方向におけるこれらの熱膨張係数の不一致は、x=1において+49%、x=0において−11%の限度内にある。
Claims (6)
- III族窒化物成分の化合物及びアロイに基づいて白色発光ダイオードのための非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体を成長させる方法であって、
基板上に一般式のAlxGa1−xN(0<x≦1)に表現される一つ以上のヘテロ構造体層の気相蒸着を含み、基板のc格子定数とAlxGa1−xNエピタキシャル層のc格子定数との不一致が、x=1において−2.3%から、x=0において+1.7%の限度内にあり、c軸に沿う方向でこれらの熱膨張係数の不一致が、x=1において+49%から、x=0において−11%の限度内にある非極性a面を有するランガサイト(La3Ga5SiO14)基板が、前記基板として使用される、ことを特徴とする非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法。 - 前記基板は、セリウム及びプラセオジムによりドーピングされ、一般式のLa3−x−yCexPryGa5SiO14(x=0.1±3%、y=0.01±1%)に表現される、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法。
- 前記ランガサイト基板の厚さは、80マイクロンを超過しない、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法。
- 前記基板は、Si、Al2O3、Ge型材料上に蒸着されたCe及びPrによりドーピングされたランガサイトバッファー層を含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法。
- 発光ダイオード構造体の成長後、その表面上に追加的な蛍光ランガサイト層を成長させることが行われる、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法。
- 前記追加的な蛍光ランガサイト層の厚さは、3マイクロンを超過しない、ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の非極性エピタキシャルヘテロ構造体の成長方法。
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