JP4991381B2 - 流体系分離用無機複合膜 - Google Patents
流体系分離用無機複合膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4991381B2 JP4991381B2 JP2007116149A JP2007116149A JP4991381B2 JP 4991381 B2 JP4991381 B2 JP 4991381B2 JP 2007116149 A JP2007116149 A JP 2007116149A JP 2007116149 A JP2007116149 A JP 2007116149A JP 4991381 B2 JP4991381 B2 JP 4991381B2
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Classifications
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Description
(a)セラミック層がフラクタル表面構造を有する、
(b)セラミック層が金属とその金属との酸化物の混合物だけからなる、
(c)膜が十分に柔軟なため、巻取および巻出が可能である、
(d)セラミック層の表面に蒸着金属層が配列していて、金属層の多孔度および(または)平均孔幅がセラミック層の多孔度および平均孔幅よりも小さい、
という条件の少なくとも1つを満たしている、流体混合物成分を分離できるように適合された複合膜を提供する。
(i)蒸着セラミック層が物理蒸着法(PVD)により析出されている、
(ii)基材が金属製基材である、
(iii)樹枝状、カリフラワー様、および珊瑚様のフラクタル表面構造から選択されたフラクタル表面構造を持つ、
(iv)セラミック層がアルミニウム地金とアルミナとの混合物だけからなる、
(v)担持されたセラミック層が基材の両面に配列し、両セラミック層が基材の孔を介して互いに結合し、結合により膜の機械的強度が改善される、
という条件の少なくとも1つを満たしている。
(a)少なくとも1層のセラミック層がフラクタル表面構造を有する、
(b)セラミック層が金属とその酸化物との混合物だけからなる、
(c)膜が十分に柔軟であるため、巻取および巻出が可能である、
(d)最も外側のセラミック層の表面に蒸着金属層が配列し、金属層の多孔度および(または)平均孔幅が最も外側のセラミック層の多孔度および(または)平均孔幅よりも小さい、
という条件についても少なくとも1つを任意選択で満たしている。
(α)セラミック層が少なくとも1種類の希土類金属を含む、
(β)セラミック層がフラクタル表面構造を有する、
(γ)無孔性基材がアルミニウム高分子基材から選択される、
(δ)膜が十分に柔軟であるため、巻取および巻出が可能である、
という条件についても少なくとも1つを任意選択で満たしている、薄層クロマトグラフィの同定用プレートおよび(または)流体混合物成分の分離用プレートとして適合させた膜を提供する。
(α)セラミック層が少なくとも1種類の希土類金属を含む、
(β)セラミック層がフラクタル表面構造を有する、
(γ)無孔性基材がアルミニウム高分子基材から選択される、
という条件についても少なくとも1つを任意選択で満たしている、クロマトグラフィのカラム用充填材として適合させた巻取形態の膜を提供する。
上述のように、本発明による膜では、基材は概して表面および裏面を規定する。これは、一般に3次元物体とみなされている基材の形状が、例えば箔、プレート、または自立フィルム等に見られるように、3次元面より2次元面のほうがかなり大きいことを意味する。しかし、基材の層としての素質は、管、円筒、らせん体、およびスパイラル形の基材など、幾何的中空形状のような形状を除外するものではない。
1多孔質基材
2多孔質セラミック層
3任意の金属層
4基材の孔
5セラミック層の孔
図2A
1多孔質基材
2多孔質セラミック層
4基材の孔
6カリフラワー「本体」
7孔
8様々な大きさの孔
11頭状花
12小花
13より小さい小花
図2B
1多孔質基材
2多孔質セラミック層
3任意の金属層
4基材の孔
図4A
1無孔性アルミニウム箔の基材
2セラミック層
5セラミック層の孔
30選択的吸着層
図4B
1多孔質基材
2連続するセラミック層
3金属層
4基材の孔
5セラミック層の孔
図5
17端部
19供給口
31供給混合物
32濃縮物
33透過物
101複合膜
102膜エンベロープ
103フィードスペーサ
104透過スペーサ
105中空管
図6
14排出口
15投入口
17端部(供給口)
18圧力ケーシング
19端部(供給口)
20領域
21弁
22空間
23弁
25複合膜
31供給混合物
32濃縮物
33透過物
図7
20透過部
21外管
22内管
23アニュラ部
25複合膜
31供給混合物
32濃縮物
33透過物
図8・図10・図12・図13
In(N):孔数
Pore width:孔幅
図14
1基材
9ロール
10蒸着ゾーン
111ロール
112スパッタリングゾーン
113巻取ロール
151巻出ロール
153ロール
154蒸着ゾーン
155ロール
156スパッタリングゾーン
157ロール
158金属層を有するウェブ
Claims (21)
- 多孔質基材が担持する、実質的には連続的な多孔質の真空蒸着したセラミック層を含み、前記セラミック層がアルミニウム、チタン、タンタル、ニオブ、ジルコニウム、ケイ素、トリウム、カドミウム、およびタングステンの酸化物からなるグループから選択された少なくとも1種類の金属酸化物を含んでいて、前記基材の平均孔幅が前記セラミック層の孔幅より大きく、
前記真空蒸着したセラミック層がフラクタル表面構造を有し、
前記真空蒸着したセラミック層が実質的に金属とその金属の酸化物との混合物からなる、
流体混合物成分を分離できるよう適合された複合膜。 - 担持された前記セラミック層が前記基材の片面にのみ配列する、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 担持された前記セラミック層が前記基材の両面に配列する、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 担持された前記セラミック層が前記基材の片面にのみ配列していて、前記セラミック層の表面に真空蒸着した金属層が配列している、前記金属層の多孔度および(または)平均孔幅が前記セラミック層の多孔度および平均孔幅よりもそれぞれ小さい、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 担持された前記セラミック層が前記基材の両面に配列しているためセラミック層の2面が規定され、真空蒸着した金属層が前記2面のセラミック層のどちらか1面に配列している、前記金属層の多孔度および(または)平均孔幅が前記セラミック層の多孔度および(または)平均孔幅よりもそれぞれ小さい、請求項1に記載の膜。
- さらに、
(i)前記真空蒸着したセラミック層が物理蒸着法(PVD)により蒸着されている、
(ii)前記基材が金属製基材である
(iii)前記セラミック層が樹枝状、カリフラワー様、および珊瑚様のフラクタルな表面構造から選択されたフラクタルな表面構造を有する
(iv)前記セラミック層がアルミニウム地金およびアルミナだけからなる
(v)担持された前記セラミック層が前記基材の両面に配列し、どちらのセラミック面も基材の孔を介して互いに結合していて、この結合により膜の機械的強度が改善される、という条件の少なくとも1つを満たしている、請求項1に記載の膜。 - 前記基材がステンレス鋼メッシュおよびエッチングされたスルーホール状のアルミニウム箔から選択される、請求項6に記載の膜。
- 少なくとも2層の実質的には連続的な多孔質の真空蒸着したセラミック層の多層システムを含み、多孔質基材の少なくとも片面に配列し、前記多孔質基材により担持されていて、前記セラミックがアルミニウム、チタン、タンタル、ニオブ、ジルコニウム、ケイ素、トリウム、カドミウム、およびタングステンの酸化物からなるグループから選択された少なくとも1種類の金属酸化物を含んでいて、連続するセラミック層とセラミック層の間に真空蒸着した金属層が配列していて、前記金属層の多孔度および(または)平均孔幅が前記セラミック層の多孔度および平均孔幅よりもそれぞれ小さく、
前記真空蒸着したセラミック層の少なくとも1層がフラクタル表面構造を有し、
前記真空蒸着したセラミック層が実質的に金属とその金属の酸化物との混合物からなる、
流体混合物成分を分離できるよう適合された複合膜。 - 前記多層システムが前記基材の片面にのみ配列していて、任意選択で、単一のセラミック層がアルミニウム、チタン、タンタル、ニオブ、ジルコニウム、ケイ素、トリウム、カドミウム、およびタングステンの酸化物からなるグループから選択された少なくとも1種類の金属酸化物を含んでいて、前記基材のもう一方の面に配列し、前記基材により担持される、請求項8に記載の膜。
- 前記多層システムが前記基材の両面に配列する、請求項8に記載の膜。
- 前記多層システムが前記基材の片面にのみ配列し、任意選択で、請求項9において定義されたような単一のセラミック層が前記基材のもう一方の面に配列し、前記基材により担持されていて、最も外側のセラミック層の一方または両方の表面に真空蒸着した金属層が配列し、前記金属層の多孔度および(または)平均孔幅が前記最も外側のセラミック層の多孔度および平均孔幅よりもそれぞれ小さい、請求項8に記載の膜。
- 前記多層システムが前記基材の両面に配列し、最も外側のセラミック層2層の少なくとも1層の表面に真空蒸着した1層または複数層の金属層が配列していて、前記金属層の多孔度および(または)平均孔幅が前記最も外側のセラミック層の多孔度および平均孔幅よりもそれぞれ小さい、請求項8に記載の膜。
- また、
(i)前記真空蒸着したセラミック層が物理的に蒸着(PVD)されている、
(ii)前記基材が金属製基材である、
(iii)前記セラミック層が樹枝状、カリフラワー様、および珊瑚様のフラクタルな表面構造から選択されたフラクタル表面構造を有する、
(iv)前記セラミック層がアルミニウム地金とアルミナとの混合物だけからなる、
(v)担持されたセラミック層が前記基材の両面に配列し、両セラミック層が基材の孔を介して互いに結合していて、この結合により膜の機械的強度が改善される、
という条件の少なくとも1つを満たしている、請求項8に記載の膜。 - 前記基材がステンレス鋼メッシュと、エッチングされたスルーホール状のアルミニウム箔から選択される、請求項13に記載の膜。
- セラミック層がそれぞれフラクタル表面構造を有していて、流体混合物成分の少なくとも1種類を選択的に吸着する物質または前記成分の少なくとも1種類を選択的に結合する物質を含む選択的吸着層で被覆され、膜表面で前記成分の少なくとも1種類を選択的に吸着することにより前記成分を分離できるよう適合された、請求項8に記載の複合膜。
- 前記多孔質基材の代わりに孔幅および多孔度が制限されない多孔質基材を用いた、請求項15に記載の複合膜の変更形態。
- 前記多孔質基材の代わりに無孔性基材を用いた、請求項15に記載の複合膜の変更形態。
- フラクタルな表面構造を有する、実質的には連続的な多孔質の真空蒸着した単一のセラミック層を含み、前記セラミック層は、金属および高分子基材から選択された無孔性基材の少なくとも片面に配列し前記無孔性基材により担持されていて、前記セラミック層がアルミニウム、チタン、タンタル、ニオブ、ジルコニウム、ケイ素、トリウム、カドミウム、およびタングステンの酸化物からなるグループから選択された少なくとも1種類の金属酸化物を含んでいる、薄層クロマトグラフィにおける同定用プレートおよび(または)流体混合物成分の分離用プレートとして適合された膜。
- 前記セラミック層が少なくとも1種類の希土類金属を含む、請求項18に記載の膜。
- フラクタルな表面構造を有する、実質的には連続的な多孔質の真空蒸着した単一のセラミック層を含み、前記セラミック層は、金属および高分子基材から選択された無孔性基材の少なくとも片面に配列し前記無孔性基材により担持されていて、前記セラミック層がアルミニウム、チタン、タンタル、ニオブ、ジルコニウム、ケイ素、トリウム、カドミウム、およびタングステンの酸化物からなるグループから選択された少なくとも1種類の金属酸化物を含んでいる、クラマトグラフィカラム用充填物質として適合された巻取状の膜。
- 前記セラミック層が少なくとも1種類の希土類金属を含む、請求項20に記載の膜。
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IL175270A IL175270A0 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2006-04-26 | Composite inorganic membrane for separation in fluid systems |
IL175270 | 2006-04-26 |
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EP (1) | EP1849510B1 (ja) |
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-
2007
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- 2007-04-25 US US11/739,910 patent/US20070251389A1/en not_active Abandoned
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