JP4977756B2 - 混合気−液原料を用いる改良膜分離プロセス - Google Patents
混合気−液原料を用いる改良膜分離プロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP4977756B2 JP4977756B2 JP2009519561A JP2009519561A JP4977756B2 JP 4977756 B2 JP4977756 B2 JP 4977756B2 JP 2009519561 A JP2009519561 A JP 2009519561A JP 2009519561 A JP2009519561 A JP 2009519561A JP 4977756 B2 JP4977756 B2 JP 4977756B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/362—Pervaporation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/48—Polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/62—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain
- B01D71/64—Polyimides; Polyamide-imides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/80—Block polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B63/00—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/144—Purification; Separation; Use of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/11—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by dialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2257/7022—Aliphatic hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2257/7027—Aromatic hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/104—Light gasoline having a boiling range of about 20 - 100 °C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/1044—Heavy gasoline or naphtha having a boiling range of about 100 - 180 °C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/301—Boiling range
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/30—Aromatics
Description
パーベーパレーション膜
特許文献1に記載されるタイプの芳香族選択膜を、芳香族をガソリンから、透過液に濃縮するのに用いた。用いられたポリイミド−ポリアジペート膜を、ジエポキシドシクロオクタン(DECO)と架橋した。ポリイミド硬質部分は、ピロメリット酸二無水物(PMDA)および4,4’−メチレンビス(2−クロロアニリン)(MOCA)を含む。軟質部分ポリアジペートは、分子量約2000を有した。
この実施例で用いられた装置の概略プロセス図式を図2に示す。従来のガソリン原料(20)を、ポンプ(21)によって加圧して、所望の原料圧力が得られた。原料流量を、質量流量制御バルブ(22)によって制御した。原料を、熱交換器(23)により、循環する高温エチレングリコール−水混合物(この実施例においては、120℃で保持される)に対して接触させることによって、所望温度へ加熱した。別には、シリコーン油浴を用いて、ガソリン原料の温度約160℃以下が得られた。予熱された原料は、膜モジュール(24)に送られた際には、実質的に蒸気である。膜に対する背圧を、残留液ストリーム(28)に対して作動する圧力制御装置(25)により制御し、それにより、所望の運転圧力Pfが提供された。透過液(26)を、減圧ポンプ(32)によって与えられる減圧下に回収した。透過液蒸気を、熱交換器(27)により、約30℃へ冷却した。「重質」の透過液凝縮液(26a)を、気−液減圧セパレーター(30)により、残りの透過液蒸気(26b)から分離し、液体ポンプ(29)により回収し、次いでガソリンタンク(31)に貯蔵した。これは、この実施例においては、高オクタン価燃料タンクである。残りの透過液蒸気(26b)を、減圧ポンプ(32)によって圧縮し、熱交換器(33)によって約30℃へ冷却して、更なる「軽質」の液体透過液(26c)が、減圧排気から得られた。別に、全透過液(26)を、熱交換器(27)によって冷却し、減圧ポンプ(32)によって圧縮して、高オクタン価燃料が得られた。高温の残留液(28)を、強制エアーフィン熱交換器(37)により、周囲温度約20℃へ冷却し、タンク(39)に貯蔵した。これは、この実施例においては、低オクタン価ガソリンタンクとして供する。いくつかの実施例においては、高温の残留液(28)の一部を、ポンプ(36)によりリサイクルして、熱交換器(23)による加熱の前に、膜原料(20)と混合した。
この実施形態については、ポリマー被覆セラミックモノリスを、次のように構成した。即ち、
ポリ(エチレンジアジペート)「PEA」、ピロメリット酸二無水物「PMOA」、4,4’−メチレンビス(2クロロアニリン)、および1,2,5,6−ジエポキシシクロオクタン「DECO」の溶液を、DMFおよびアセトンの等量と混合して、約2.0wt%のポリマー溶液がもたらされた。成分の最終モル比は、名目、1−PEA2000/2−PMDA/1−MOCA/2−DECOであった。溶液を、DECOを加えた後、室温以下に保持した。溶液を用いて、多孔質セラミックモノリスが、液体ポリマーをモノリスの多孔質表面に引入れることによって被覆された。被覆されたモノリスは、特許文献1に記載される組成物のポリマーフィルムを、多孔質モノリスの表面(内部表面を含む)上に形成し、ボイドおよび孔を実質的に含まないポリマー被覆を形成し、表面積約0.1m2を有するようにもたらされた。
図2に示される本発明の実施形態は、図3に示されるように、2段膜系へ拡大されてもよい。
Claims (8)
- 芳香族および非芳香族を含み、かつ沸点範囲少なくとも50℃を有する、ガソリンまたは石油ナフサから選ばれる原料ストリームから、前記芳香族を、膜を通して前記芳香族を選択透過することによって分離する方法であって、
原料ストリームの部分的な気化により得られる混合相気−液原料を膜へ供給し、断熱方式で運転する工程を含み、
原料圧力Pfおよび原料温度Tfは、液体層を前記膜上に凝縮し、前記液体層が前記原料ストリームより少なくとも25%高い芳香族濃度を有するように、選択的に制御されることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記芳香族濃度は、前記原料ストリームより少なくとも50%高いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 気相を凝縮することによって熱を提供することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記膜は、ポリエステルイミドコポリマー膜、ポリウレタンイミド膜、ポリイミド/脂肪族ポリエステルコポリマー膜、ジエポキシオクタン架橋/エステル化ポリイミド/ポリアジペートコポリマー膜またはそれらの組み合わせであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマーまたはコポリマー膜は、多孔質基体によって支持されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記基体は、Gortex(登録商標)を含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記基体は、多孔質セラミックであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記基体は、多孔質セラミックを含み、前記膜は、前記セラミックの少なくとも一部を被覆する架橋ポリイミド−ポリアジペートポリマーであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US83091406P | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | |
US60/830,914 | 2006-07-14 | ||
US11/827,007 US7803275B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-10 | Membrane separation process using mixed vapor-liquid feed |
US11/827,007 | 2007-07-10 | ||
PCT/US2007/016061 WO2008008533A1 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-13 | Improved membrane separation process using mixed vapor-liquid feed |
Publications (2)
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JP2010514543A JP2010514543A (ja) | 2010-05-06 |
JP4977756B2 true JP4977756B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2009519561A Expired - Fee Related JP4977756B2 (ja) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-13 | 混合気−液原料を用いる改良膜分離プロセス |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2041048B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4977756B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101464006B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101516808B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2657630C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008008533A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (24)
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US8119006B2 (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2012-02-21 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Ethanol stable epoxy amine based membrane for aromatics separation |
US9475709B2 (en) | 2010-08-25 | 2016-10-25 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Perforated graphene deionization or desalination |
US9834809B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-12-05 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Syringe for obtaining nano-sized materials for selective assays and related methods of use |
US10980919B2 (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2021-04-20 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Methods for in vivo and in vitro use of graphene and other two-dimensional materials |
US10118130B2 (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2018-11-06 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Two-dimensional membrane structures having flow passages |
US10653824B2 (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2020-05-19 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Two-dimensional materials and uses thereof |
US9744617B2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2017-08-29 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Methods for perforating multi-layer graphene through ion bombardment |
CN104884149B (zh) * | 2012-11-16 | 2018-03-02 | 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 | 使用混合蒸气‑液体进料的改进的膜分离方法 |
TW201504140A (zh) | 2013-03-12 | 2015-02-01 | Lockheed Corp | 形成具有均勻孔尺寸之多孔石墨烯之方法 |
US9572918B2 (en) | 2013-06-21 | 2017-02-21 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Graphene-based filter for isolating a substance from blood |
SG11201606287VA (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2016-08-30 | Lockheed Corp | Processes for forming composite structures with a two-dimensional material using a porous, non-sacrificial supporting layer |
KR20160142820A (ko) | 2014-01-31 | 2016-12-13 | 록히드 마틴 코포레이션 | 브로드 이온 필드를 사용한 2차원 물질 천공 |
WO2015138771A1 (en) | 2014-03-12 | 2015-09-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Separation membranes formed from perforated graphene |
WO2015138801A2 (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-09-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Graphene-based molecular sieves and methods for production thereof |
CN107073408A (zh) | 2014-09-02 | 2017-08-18 | 洛克希德马丁公司 | 基于二维膜材料的血液透析膜和血液过滤膜及其应用方法 |
US10618008B2 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2020-04-14 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymeric ionomer separation membranes and methods of use |
JP6838819B2 (ja) | 2015-07-01 | 2021-03-03 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 向上した性能及び/又は耐久性を有する複合膜並びに使用方法 |
CN107735163B (zh) | 2015-07-01 | 2021-02-23 | 3M创新有限公司 | 含pvp和/或pvl的复合膜以及使用方法 |
WO2017023376A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-09 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Perforatable sheets of graphene-based material |
JP2018530499A (ja) | 2015-08-06 | 2018-10-18 | ロッキード・マーチン・コーポレーション | グラフェンのナノ粒子変性及び穿孔 |
EP3442739A4 (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2020-03-04 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | PROCESS FOR PROCESSING GRAPHENE SHEETS FOR LARGE SCALE TRANSFER USING A FREE FLOATING PROCESS |
WO2017180141A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2017-10-19 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Selective interfacial mitigation of graphene defects |
WO2017180135A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2017-10-19 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Membranes with tunable selectivity |
SG11201808961QA (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2018-11-29 | Lockheed Corp | Methods for in situ monitoring and control of defect formation or healing |
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JP2528939B2 (ja) * | 1987-06-12 | 1996-08-28 | 株式会社クラレ | 混合液体の分離方法 |
CA2100643A1 (en) * | 1992-08-14 | 1994-02-15 | Guido Sartori | Fluorinated polyolefin membranes for aromatics/saturates separation |
US5643442A (en) * | 1994-07-19 | 1997-07-01 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Membrane process for enhanced distillate or hydrotreated distillate aromatics reduction |
US5550199A (en) | 1994-12-02 | 1996-08-27 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Diepoxide crosslinked/esterified polyimide-aliphatic polyester copolymers |
JP3872577B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-22 | 2007-01-24 | 財団法人石油産業活性化センター | 有機液体混合物の分離方法 |
JP3872605B2 (ja) | 1998-11-30 | 2007-01-24 | 財団法人石油産業活性化センター | 有機液体混合物用分離膜 |
US20040173529A1 (en) | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-09 | Membrane Technology And Research, Inc. | Liquid-phase separation of low molecular weight organic compounds |
AU2004291500A1 (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-06-02 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Method and apparatus for separating aromatic hydrocarbons in a non-adiabatic membrane system |
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2007
- 2007-07-13 JP JP2009519561A patent/JP4977756B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-13 WO PCT/US2007/016061 patent/WO2008008533A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-07-13 CN CN2007800339818A patent/CN101516808B/zh active Active
- 2007-07-13 EP EP07796871A patent/EP2041048B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-13 CA CA2657630A patent/CA2657630C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101516808A (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
CA2657630A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
KR101464006B1 (ko) | 2014-11-20 |
EP2041048B1 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
JP2010514543A (ja) | 2010-05-06 |
KR20090038901A (ko) | 2009-04-21 |
WO2008008533A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
CA2657630C (en) | 2014-08-19 |
EP2041048A1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
CN101516808B (zh) | 2013-01-23 |
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