JP4843603B2 - 添加物含有アニオン性粘土の調製方法 - Google Patents
添加物含有アニオン性粘土の調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4843603B2 JP4843603B2 JP2007509967A JP2007509967A JP4843603B2 JP 4843603 B2 JP4843603 B2 JP 4843603B2 JP 2007509967 A JP2007509967 A JP 2007509967A JP 2007509967 A JP2007509967 A JP 2007509967A JP 4843603 B2 JP4843603 B2 JP 4843603B2
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- Prior art keywords
- group
- additive
- anionic clay
- transition metals
- physical mixture
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000006069 physical mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 IVA transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonoperoxoic acid Chemical class OOC(O)=O MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical class OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical class CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum chloride pentahydroxide dihydrate Chemical compound [Cl-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].O.O LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXPOFJRHCFPDRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 CXPOFJRHCFPDRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000022 magnesium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002370 magnesium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014824 magnesium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CUQZAIOPOOUPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;acetate;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Mg+2].CC([O-])=O CUQZAIOPOOUPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GMDNUWQNDQDBNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;diformate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O GMDNUWQNDQDBNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OUHCLAKJJGMPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;hydrogen carbonate;hydroxide Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O OUHCLAKJJGMPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001144 powder X-ray diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/16—Clays or other mineral silicates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/007—Mixed salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/10—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of rare earths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0036—Grinding
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
b)200〜800℃の範囲の温度で、該物理的混合物を焼成すること、および
c)水性懸濁物中で、該焼成された混合物を水和して、添加物含有アニオン性粘土を形成すること
ここで、添加物は、該物理的混合物および/または段階(c)の水性懸濁物中に存在する
の段階を、本発明の方法は含み、該添加物が、Mg、CaおよびBaを包含するアルカリ土類金属、第IIIA族遷移金属、TiおよびZrを包含する第IVA族遷移金属、VおよびNbを包含する第VA族遷移金属、Cr、MoおよびWを包含する第VIA族遷移金属、Mnを包含する第VIIA族遷移金属、Fe、Co、Ni、Ru、Rh、PdおよびPtを包含する第VIIIA族遷移金属、Cuを包含する第IB族遷移金属、Znを包含する第IIB族遷移金属、B、AlおよびGaを包含する第IIIB族元素、SiおよびSnを包含する第IVB族元素、Pを包含する第VB族元素、LaおよびCeを包含するランタニド、並びにこれらの混合物の群から選ばれた元素を含んでいる化合物である、但し、該元素が段階a)の二価および三価金属化合物を構成する金属と異なっている。
ヒドロマグネサイト並びにマグネシウム含有粘土、たとえばドロマイト、サポナイト、およびセピオライトを包含する。好適な水溶性マグネシウム化合物は、酢酸マグネシウム、ギ酸マグネシウム、(ヒドロキシ)酢酸マグネシウム、硝酸マグネシウム、および塩化マグネシウムである。
ギブサイト(三価金属化合物)41.28gおよびMgO(二価金属化合物)64.03gを含んでいる水性の物理的混合物が、蒸留水185g中で調製された。蒸留水27.1g中に溶解された硝酸セリウム(添加物)27.56gから構成された硝酸セリウム溶液が、得られたスラリーに加えられた。得られたスラリーのpHは、水酸化アンモニアで9に調整された。
pH調整後に、110℃で乾燥される前に、Waringブレンダー中で20分間、スラリーが高せん断混合されたことを除いて、比較実施例1が繰り返された。
焼成された粉体の小分け分20.0gが、1Mの炭酸ナトリウム溶液650g中で85℃において一晩水和されたことを除いて、比較実施例1が繰り返された。
pH調整後に、110℃で乾燥される前に、Waringブレンダー中で20分間、スラリーが高せん断混合されたことを除いて、比較実施例3が繰り返された。
蒸留水115g中にギブサイト35.17g、炭酸カルシウム48.84g、およびMgO27.27gを分散させることによって、水性の物理的混合物が調製された。蒸留水26.2g中に溶解された硝酸セリウム26.71gを含んでいる硝酸セリウム溶液が、得られたスラリーに加えられた。得られたスラリーのpHは、水酸化アンモニアで9に調整された。該スラリーは対流式オーブン中110℃で直ちに乾燥された。乾燥された粉体は500℃で4時間焼成された。
pH調整後に、110℃で乾燥される前に、Waringブレンダー中で20分間、スラリーが高せん断混合されたことを除いて、比較実施例5が繰り返された。
焼成された粉体の小分け分15.0gが、蒸留水136g中にメタバナジン酸アンモニウム2.89gを溶解することによって構成されたメタバナジン酸アンモニウム溶液中で、85℃において一晩水和されたことを除いて、実施例2が繰り返された。
実施例および比較実施例1〜6のサンプルの、2シータ(θ)28.5°における反射として表された粉末X線回折(PXRD)のパターンは、CeO2の存在を示す(ICDDファイル81−0792を参照せよ。CuKα放射を使用。)。
実施例2、4、6および7の生成物が、Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.誌、第27巻(1988年)、1356〜1360ページに記載された熱重量分析試験を使用して、FCCプロセスにおけるそれらの脱SOx能力を試験された。標準の市販の脱SOx添加物が参照物質として使用された。
Claims (9)
- a)二価金属化合物と三価金属化合物との物理的混合物を粉砕すること、
b)200〜800℃の範囲の温度で、粉砕された物理的混合物を焼成すること、および
c)水性懸濁物中で、該焼成された混合物を水和して、添加物含有アニオン性粘土を形成すること
ここで、添加物は、該物理的混合物および/または段階(c)の水性懸濁物中に存在するの段階を含み、該添加物が、Mg、CaおよびBaを包含するアルカリ土類金属、第IIIA族遷移金属、TiおよびZrを包含する第IVA族遷移金属、VおよびNbを包含する第VA族遷移金属、Cr、MoおよびWを包含する第VIA族遷移金属、Mnを包含する第VIIA族遷移金属、Fe、Co、Ni、Ru、Rh、PdおよびPtを包含する第VIIIA族遷移金属、Cuを包含する第IB族遷移金属、Znを包含する第IIB族遷移金属、B、AlおよびGaを包含する第IIIB族元素、SiおよびSnを包含する第IVB族元素、Pを包含する第VB族元素、LaおよびCeを包含するランタニド、並びにこれらの混合物の群から選ばれた元素を含んでいる化合物である、但し、該元素が段階a)の二価および三価金属化合物を構成する金属と異なっている、添加物含有アニオン性粘土の調製方法。 - ボールミル、ビーズミル、サンドミル、コロイドミル、混練機、高せん断ミキサー中で、または超音波を使用することによって、粉砕が実施される、請求項1に従う方法。
- 焼成温度が300〜700℃の範囲にある、請求項1または2に従う方法。
- 焼成温度が350〜600℃の範囲にある、請求項3に従う方法。
- Mg、Zn、Ni、Fe、Co、Ca、Sr、Ba、Mn、およびCuからなる群から二価金属が選ばれる、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に従う方法。
- Al、Ga、Fe、Cr、V、Mn、Co、およびNiからなる群から三価金属が選ばれる、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に従う方法。
- La、Ce、V、Mo、W、P、Pt、Pd、およびNbからなる群から添加物が選ばれる、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に従う方法。
- 形成された添加物含有アニオン性粘土の焼成が引き続いて行われる、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に従う方法。
- 焼成された添加物含有アニオン性粘土の水和が引き続いて行われる、請求項8に従う方法。
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US56549304P | 2004-04-26 | 2004-04-26 | |
US60/565,493 | 2004-04-26 | ||
EP04077232 | 2004-08-05 | ||
EP04077232.9 | 2004-08-05 | ||
PCT/EP2005/004558 WO2005102515A1 (en) | 2004-04-26 | 2005-04-26 | Process for the preparation of an additive-containing anionic clay |
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JP2007534595A JP2007534595A (ja) | 2007-11-29 |
JP4843603B2 true JP4843603B2 (ja) | 2011-12-21 |
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US (1) | US20080032884A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1761332B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4843603B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1956782A (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE479495T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2564729C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005023304D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2351873T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005102515A1 (ja) |
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US7993623B2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2011-08-09 | Albemarle Netherlands B.V. | Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons |
MX2007003775A (es) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-28 | Mexicano Inst Petrol | Procedimiento de preparacion de arcillas anionicas multimetalicas y producto resultante. |
DE102007018170B4 (de) * | 2007-04-18 | 2010-09-23 | S & B Industrial Minerals Gmbh | Verfahren zur Ausrüstung eines vorzugsweise porösen keramischen Trägermaterials mit einem Wirkstoff |
CN101905976B (zh) * | 2010-07-13 | 2013-01-16 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种纳米晶氧化镁-碳复合粉体及其制备方法 |
IN2015DN00285A (ja) | 2012-08-08 | 2015-06-12 | Albemarle Europe Sprl | |
WO2014023758A2 (en) | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | Albemarle Europe Sprl | Selective catalytic deoxygenation of biomass and catalysts therefor |
CN115583698A (zh) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-10 | 杭州师范大学 | 一种热处理高岭土基镧改性材料的制备方法和应用 |
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- 2005-04-26 CA CA2564729A patent/CA2564729C/en active Active
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- 2005-04-26 WO PCT/EP2005/004558 patent/WO2005102515A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2005-04-26 US US11/587,395 patent/US20080032884A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP1761332A1 (en) | 2007-03-14 |
DE602005023304D1 (de) | 2010-10-14 |
CN1956782A (zh) | 2007-05-02 |
ES2351873T3 (es) | 2011-02-11 |
ATE479495T1 (de) | 2010-09-15 |
WO2005102515A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
CA2564729A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
EP1761332B1 (en) | 2010-09-01 |
CA2564729C (en) | 2014-04-15 |
JP2007534595A (ja) | 2007-11-29 |
US20080032884A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
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