JP4836185B2 - 非水電解液二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解液二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4836185B2 JP4836185B2 JP2006056161A JP2006056161A JP4836185B2 JP 4836185 B2 JP4836185 B2 JP 4836185B2 JP 2006056161 A JP2006056161 A JP 2006056161A JP 2006056161 A JP2006056161 A JP 2006056161A JP 4836185 B2 JP4836185 B2 JP 4836185B2
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920011301 perfluoro alkoxyl alkane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920013653 perfluoroalkoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UOALEFQKAOQICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroborane Chemical compound ClB UOALEFQKAOQICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
P = 100×(Va−Vb)/Va
上記式中、Pは、微孔性フィルムの空孔率または不織布の空隙率、Vaは、微孔性フィルムまたは不織布の見かけの体積、Vbは、微孔性フィルムまたは不織布の真体積である。また、微孔性フィルムまたは不織布の真体積Vbは、次式により求めることができる。
Vb = m/s
上記式中、mは、微孔性フィルムまたは不織布の質量、sは、微孔性フィルムまたは不織布を構成する材料の比重である。
水酸化リチウム(LiOH)をイオン交換水に0.25mol溶解した飽和水溶液に、NH4OHで中和した電解二酸化マンガン(平均粒子径:30μm、BET比表面積:60m2/g)を0.75モル添加し、120±10℃の温度で予備乾燥し、途中で撹拌しながら、水分を除去した。これを乾燥、粉砕した後、大気中、350±10℃の温度で20時間加熱してリチウムマンガン複合酸化物を合成した。
ポリプロピレン製で、厚みが170μm、空隙率が84%の不織布4a(負極5側)と、ポリプロピレン製で、厚みが280μm、空隙率が87%の不織布4c(正極2側)と、厚みが30μmで、空孔率が50%の微孔性フィルム4bで構成される3層構造のセパレータを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてコイン形の非水電解液二次電池を作製した。この電池に用いたセパレータでは、負極側の不織布と正極側の不織布との空隙部分の体積比Y/Xは、1.71であった。
ポリプロピレン製で、厚みが170μm、空隙率が84%の不織布4a(負極5側)と、ポリプロピレン製で、厚みが320μm、空隙率が83%の不織布4c(正極2側)と、厚みが30μmで、空孔率が50%の微孔性フィルム4bで構成される3層構造のセパレータを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてコイン形の非水電解液二次電池を作製した。この電池に用いたセパレータでは、負極側の不織布と正極側の不織布との空隙部分の体積比Y/Xは、1.86であった。
ポリプロピレン製で、厚みが100μm、空隙率が89%の不織布4a(負極5側)と、ポリプロピレン製で、厚みが400μm、空隙率が86%の不織布4c(正極2側)と、厚みが30μmで、空孔率が50%の微孔性フィルム4bで構成される3層構造のセパレータを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてコイン形の非水電解液二次電池を作製した。この電池に用いたセパレータでは、負極側の不織布と正極側の不織布との空隙部分の体積比Y/Xは、3.87であった。
ポリプロピレン製で、厚みが100μm、空隙率が89%の不織布4a(負極5側)と、ポリプロピレン製で、厚みが420μm、空隙率が87%の不織布4c(正極2側)と、厚みが30μmで、空孔率が50%の微孔性フィルム4bで構成される3層構造のセパレータを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてコイン形の非水電解液二次電池を作製した。この電池に用いたセパレータでは、負極側の不織布と正極側の不織布との空隙部分の体積比Y/Xは、4.11であった。
セパレータとして、微孔性フィルムと不織布から構成される2層構造のセパレータを用い、微孔性フィルム側を負極に対向させて配置した他は、実施例1と同様にして、コイン形の非水電解液二次電池を作製した。なお、セパレータを構成する微孔性フィルムには、実施例1に係るセパレータを構成する微孔性フィルムと同じものを用い、セパレータを構成する不織布には、実施例1に係るセパレータを構成する正極側の不織布と同じものを用いた。
セパレータとして、実施例1で用いたセパレータを構成する正極側の不織布と同じもの2枚の間に、実施例1で用いたセパレータを構成する微孔性フィルムと同じものを挟んだ3層構造のセパレータを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、コイン形の非水電解液二次電池を作製した。
セパレータとして、実施例1で用いたセパレータを構成する負極側の不織布と同じもの2枚の間に、実施例1で用いたセパレータを構成する微孔性フィルムと同じものを挟んだ3層構造のセパレータを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、コイン形の非水電解液二次電池を作製した。
2 正極
3 正極集電体
4 セパレータ
4a、4c 不織布
4b 微孔性フィルム
5 負極
6 負極集電体
7 負極缶
8 環状ガスケット
Claims (3)
- 正極、リチウムまたはリチウム合金を有する負極、セパレータおよび非水電解液を備えた非水電解液二次電池であって、
上記セパレータは、微孔性フィルムが2枚の不織布で挟まれた3層構造を有しており、
上記セパレータを構成する上記2枚の不織布のうち、負極に対向する側の不織布における非水電解液の保持量が、正極に対向する側の不織布における非水電解液の保持量よりも少ないことを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池。 - 上記セパレータを構成する上記2枚の不織布のうち、負極に対向する側の不織布における空隙部分の体積Xと、正極に対向する側の不織布における空隙部分の体積Yとの比Y/Xが、1.5〜4.5である請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 上記セパレータを構成する上記2枚の不織布のうち、負極に対向する側の不織布は、正極に対向する側の不織布よりも薄い請求項1または2に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
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JP5463154B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-19 | 2014-04-09 | 旭化成イーマテリアルズ株式会社 | 積層微多孔膜及び非水電解質二次電池用セパレータ |
WO2013047016A1 (ja) * | 2011-09-27 | 2013-04-04 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池の負極及び非水電解質二次電池 |
KR101749848B1 (ko) | 2014-08-29 | 2017-06-21 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | 다공질층, 다공질층을 적층하여 이루어지는 세퍼레이터, 및 다공질층 또는 세퍼레이터를 포함하는 비수 전해액 이차 전지 |
JP6213506B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-18 | 2017-10-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
KR101754915B1 (ko) | 2015-03-31 | 2017-07-06 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 세퍼레이터 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
JP6569907B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-26 | 2019-09-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP7129202B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-20 | 2022-09-01 | Fdk株式会社 | 非水電解液電池 |
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JPS61138454A (ja) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-06-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 有機電解液電池 |
JPS63175348A (ja) * | 1987-01-14 | 1988-07-19 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | リチウム電池 |
JP2001351682A (ja) * | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高分子固体電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 |
JP2004220829A (ja) * | 2003-01-10 | 2004-08-05 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | バイポーラ電池 |
JP5017769B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-21 | 2012-09-05 | パナソニック株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP4367951B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-10 | 2009-11-18 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | 非水二次電池 |
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