JP4800989B2 - 圧電/電歪材料、圧電/電歪体、及び圧電/電歪素子 - Google Patents
圧電/電歪材料、圧電/電歪体、及び圧電/電歪素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4800989B2 JP4800989B2 JP2007065921A JP2007065921A JP4800989B2 JP 4800989 B2 JP4800989 B2 JP 4800989B2 JP 2007065921 A JP2007065921 A JP 2007065921A JP 2007065921 A JP2007065921 A JP 2007065921A JP 4800989 B2 JP4800989 B2 JP 4800989B2
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Description
(1−x)(BiaNabTiO3+δ)−x(KcNbO3+ζ) (1)
(但し、前記一般式(1)中、0.01≦x<0.08、a<0.5、1.01≦(a/b)≦1.08、0.92≦(a+b)/c<0.99、及び0.9≦c≦1.1である。また、δ=0のときζ≠0であり、ζ=0のときδ≠0である)
前記基体の表面上に配設される前記電極の有効面積が、前記基体の表面に前記空洞部を投影したときに映し出される二次元形状の面積の0.45〜0.5倍であり、前記ダイヤフラム部の厚さ(td)に対する、前記圧電/電歪部の厚さ(tp)の比(tp/td)が1〜1.5であり、バイポーラ駆動周波数1〜100Hzにおける、正の抗電界(Ec+)と負の抗電界(Ec−)の比(|Ec+|/|Ec−|)の変動率が10%以下である前記[8]又は[9]に記載の圧電/電歪素子。
前記基体の表面上に配設される前記電極の有効面積が、前記基体の表面に前記空洞部を投影したときに映し出される二次元形状の面積の0.45〜0.5倍であり、前記ダイヤフラム部の厚さ(td)に対する、前記圧電/電歪部の厚さ(tp)の比(tp/td)が1〜1.5であり、ユニポーラ駆動時の変位量が0.2μm以上である前記[8]に記載の圧電/電歪素子。
本発明の圧電/電歪材料の一実施形態は、その組成が下記一般式(1)の非化学量論組成で表されるものである。このように、その組成を下記一般式(1)で表される非化学量論組成とすることにより、優れた圧電/電歪特性を示す圧電/電歪体や、圧電/電歪部を備えた圧電/電歪素子(各種センサ等を含む)を製造可能となる。なお、本明細書にいう「圧電/電歪材料」には、「磁器」や「単結晶」が概念的に含まれる。
(1−x)(BiaNabTiO3+δ)−x(KcNbO3+ζ) (1)
(但し、前記一般式(1)中、0.01≦x<0.08、a<0.5、1.01≦(a/b)≦1.08、0.92≦(a+b)/c<0.99、及び0.9≦c≦1.1である。また、δ=0のときζ≠0であり、ζ=0のときδ≠0である)
F∝Y×(α1−α2) (2)
(F:圧電/電歪部にかかる応力、Y:圧電/電歪部の弾性定数、α1:圧電/電歪部の熱膨張係数、α2:基板の熱膨張係数)
本発明の圧電/電歪体の一実施形態は、前述の圧電/電歪材料によって形成されたものである。即ち、本発明の圧電/電歪体は、その組成が前記一般式(1)の非化学量論組成で表される圧電/電歪材料により構成されたものである。上述してきたように、本発明の実施形態である圧電/電歪材料は、優れた圧電/電歪特性を示す圧電/電歪体を製造し得るものである。従って、この圧電/電歪材料を焼成すること等によって形成された本発明の圧電/電歪体は、Pbを含まず、環境に対する配慮がなされているとともに、優れた圧電/電歪特性を示すものである。
図1は、本発明の圧電/電歪素子の一の実施形態を示す断面図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態の圧電/電歪素子51は、セラミックスからなる基体1と、この基体1上に配設された圧電/電歪駆動部42と、を備えたものである。また、圧電/電歪駆動部42は、膜状の圧電/電歪部2と、この圧電/電歪部2に電気的に接続される膜状の電極4,5と、を備えている。この圧電/電歪部2が、電極4を介在させた状態で基体1上に固着されることで、圧電/電歪駆動部42が基体1上に配設されている。なお、圧電/電歪部は、電極を介在させることなく、直接、基体上に固着されていてもよい。ここで、本明細書にいう「固着」とは、有機系、無機系の一切の接着剤を用いることなく、圧電/電歪部2と、基体1又は電極4との固相反応により、両者が緊密一体化した状態のことをいう。
変動率(%)=(最大変動偏差/変動平均)×100 (3)
変動率(%)=(最大変動偏差/変動平均)×100 (3)
出発原料として、酸化ビスマス(Bi2O3)、酒石酸水素ナトリウム一水和物(NaHC4H4O6・H2O)、酸化チタン(TiO2)、酒石酸水素カリウム(KHC4H4O6)、及び五酸化ニオブ(Nb2O5)を十分乾燥した後、所定の組成比(表1及び2参照)となるように秤量し、これを2mmφのジルコニア玉石を用いて16時間、エタノール溶媒により湿式混合した。得られた混合物を乾燥後、大気中、900℃で2時間仮焼し、ボールミルで2時間湿式粉砕処理した。粉砕後のスラリー状態の粉末を、420メッシュのナイロン製篩に通して未粉砕物及び凝集物を除去し、十分に乾燥して圧電/電歪材料を得た。得られた圧電/電歪材料を使用し、20mmφ×厚み10mmのペレット状成形体をプレス成形により作製し、大気中で1150℃、2時間焼成した。焼結して得られた磁器を長さ12mm、幅3mm、厚み1mmの寸法に加工後、シリコンオイル中で厚さ方向に6kV/mmの電界を10min加えて分極処理し、圧電/電歪体(実施例1〜32、比較例1〜20)を得た。得られた圧電/電歪体(実施例1〜32、比較例1〜20)の組成(「x」、「a/b」、「a+b」、「c」、「a」、「δ」、及び「ζ」)、圧電定数d31(pm/V)、密度(g/cm3)、結晶粒径(μm)、「Yα1」(kPa/K)、及び抗電界(kV/mm)を表1及び2に示す。なお、得られた圧電/電歪体の組成式中、「a」については、「a<0.5」を満たした場合を「○」、「a<0.5」を満たさなかった場合を「×」と表記した。
前述の実施例9、17、20、27、比較例8、10、15、16、及び20で得た圧電/電歪材料をそれぞれ使用し、スクリーン印刷法により、Pt電極が予め形成された酸化ジルコニウムからなるダイヤフラム基板上に塗工膜を形成し、1050℃で焼成することで圧電/電歪膜を形成した。形成した圧電/電歪膜上に上部電極となるAu電極層を形成し、図5に示すような構成の圧電/電歪素子(実施例33〜36、比較例21〜25)を作製した。作製した圧電/電歪素子(実施例33〜36、比較例21〜25)のS1/S2(S1:電極の有効面積、S2:空洞部の面積)は0.47、tp/td(tp:圧電/電歪部の厚さ、:tdダイヤフラム部の厚さ)は1.3と固定した。作製した圧電/電歪素子の変動率(%)、及び屈曲変位(μm)を表3に示す。
その組成が「Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3」で表されるPZT系組成物を使用したこと以外は、前述の実施例33〜36、及び比較例21〜25の場合と同様にして、圧電/電歪素子(比較例26)を得た。得られた圧電/電歪素子(比較例26)の変動率(%)、及び屈曲変位(μm)を表3に示す。
Claims (11)
- その組成が下記一般式(1)の非化学量論組成で表される圧電/電歪材料。
(1−x)(BiaNabTiO3+δ)−x(KcNbO3+ζ) (1)
(但し、前記一般式(1)中、0.01≦x<0.08、a<0.5、1.01≦(a/b)≦1.08、0.92≦(a+b)/c<0.99、及び0.9≦c≦1.1である。また、δ=0のときζ≠0であり、ζ=0のときδ≠0である) - 前記一般式(1)中、xが、0.02≦x≦0.05の関係を満たす請求項1に記載の圧電/電歪材料。
- 前記一般式(1)中、xが、0.04≦x<0.08の関係を満たす請求項1に記載の圧電/電歪材料。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の圧電/電歪材料によって形成された圧電/電歪体。
- その全体形状がシート状である請求項4に記載の圧電/電歪体。
- セラミックスからなる基体と、
請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の圧電/電歪材料からなる膜状の圧電/電歪部、及び前記圧電/電歪部に電気的に接続される少なくとも一対の膜状の電極、を有する、前記圧電/電歪部が前記基体の表面上に直接又は前記電極を介して固着されることで配設された圧電/電歪駆動部と、を備えた圧電/電歪素子。 - 前記圧電/電歪部、及び前記電極をそれぞれ複数備え、
複数の前記圧電/電歪部が、複数の前記電極により交互に挟持・積層された請求項6に記載の圧電/電歪素子。 - 前記基体が、ジルコニアからなる薄肉のダイヤフラム部と、前記ダイヤフラム部の周縁に一体的に配設されたジルコニアからなる厚肉部とを備え、前記ダイヤフラム部と前記厚肉部によって形成された、外部に連通する空洞部を有するものであり、
前記圧電/電歪駆動部が、前記ダイヤフラム部の、前記空洞部に対向する外表面上に配設されている請求項6又は7に記載の圧電/電歪素子。 - 前記圧電/電歪駆動部の駆動に連動して前記ダイヤフラム部が振動可能な、センサとして用いられる請求項8に記載の圧電/電歪素子。
- 前記圧電/電歪部が前記基体の表面上に前記電極を介して固着される場合に、
前記基体の表面上に配設される前記電極の有効面積が、前記基体の表面に前記空洞部を投影したときに映し出される二次元形状の面積の0.45〜0.5倍であり、
前記ダイヤフラム部の厚さ(td)に対する、前記圧電/電歪部の厚さ(tp)の比(tp/td)が1〜1.5であり、
バイポーラ駆動周波数1〜100Hzにおける、正の抗電界(Ec+)と負の抗電界(Ec−)の比(|Ec+|/|Ec−|)の変動率が10%以下である請求項8又は9に記載の圧電/電歪素子。 - 前記圧電/電歪部が前記基体の表面上に前記電極を介して固着される場合に、
前記基体の表面上に配設される前記電極の有効面積が、前記基体の表面に前記空洞部を投影したときに映し出される二次元形状の面積の0.45〜0.5倍であり、
前記ダイヤフラム部の厚さ(td)に対する、前記圧電/電歪部の厚さ(tp)の比(tp/td)が1〜1.5であり、
ユニポーラ駆動時の変位量が0.2μm以上である請求項8に記載の圧電/電歪素子。
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CN1501575B (zh) * | 2002-11-15 | 2010-05-12 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 压电体驱动器及其驱动方法、以及盘记录重放装置 |
JP3894112B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-03 | 2007-03-14 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 圧電/電歪膜型素子 |
US7009328B2 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2006-03-07 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Piezoelectric/electrostrictive device made of piezoelectric/electrostrictive film and manufacturing method |
JP4417103B2 (ja) | 2003-11-30 | 2010-02-17 | 東芝キヤリア株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
JP4748978B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-02 | 2011-08-17 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 圧電/電歪素子及びその製造方法 |
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2007
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- 2007-06-21 US US11/766,265 patent/US7728493B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-03 EP EP07252674A patent/EP1926157B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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US7728493B2 (en) | 2010-06-01 |
JP2008120665A (ja) | 2008-05-29 |
US20080111452A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
CN101182202B (zh) | 2010-12-01 |
EP1926157B1 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
EP1926157A2 (en) | 2008-05-28 |
EP1926157A3 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
CN101182202A (zh) | 2008-05-21 |
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