JP4755586B2 - ペプチド開裂部位を用いる単一ベクターからの免疫グロブリン発現を強化する組成物及び方法 - Google Patents
ペプチド開裂部位を用いる単一ベクターからの免疫グロブリン発現を強化する組成物及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、全長免疫グロブリン又はその断片を、単一プロモーターの転写制御の下で重鎖及び軽鎖コーディング配列の本質的に等しい発現に基づいて発現させるためのシステムであって、翻訳が自己プロセシング開裂部位、例えば2A又は2A様配列、によって媒介されるシステムを提供する。
本発明は、免疫グロブリン分子又はその断片を発現する単一ベクター構造、及びそのin vitro又はin vivoでの利用方法を提供する。このベクターは、第一の及び第二の免疫グロブリン・コーディング配列の間に自己プロセシング開裂配列を有し、単一プロモーターを用いて機能的抗体分子の発現を可能にする。例示されるベクター構造は、オープンリーディングフレームの間に自己プロセシング開裂部位をコードする配列を有し、さらに、開裂の後で自己プロセシング開裂部位を構成するアミノ酸を除去するための追加のタンパク質分解(proteolytic)開裂部位を含むことができる。このベクター構造は、生物活性を有する全長免疫グロブリン又はその断片のin vitro及びin vivoでの生産強化に関連する方法で利用できる。
特に断りのない限り、本明細書で用いられるすべての用語は、当業者に公知の用語と同じ意味を有し、本発明の実施では当業者の知識の範囲内にある微生物学と遺伝子組換えDNA技術の通常の方法が用いられる。
抗体は、重鎖と軽鎖のヘテロダイマーである免疫グロブリンタンパク質であり、哺乳類細胞培養発現システムで単一ベクターから全長形態で発現させることはきわめて難しいことが分かっている。現在、脊椎動物の抗体の生産には次の3つの方法が用いられている、すなわち、動物をin vivoで免疫化して“ポリクローナル”抗体を生産させる方法、B-細胞ハイブリドーマをin vitroで細胞培養してモノクローナル抗体を生産させる方法(Kohler, et al., Eur. J. Immunol., 6: 511, 1976; Antibodies: A laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1988; 参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる)、及び遺伝子組換えDNA技術(例えば、Cabilly et al., US Pat. No. 6,331,415に記載されており、参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる)、である。
IRESエレメントは最初、ピコルナウイルスmRNAで発見された(Jackson RJ,Howell MT, Kaminski A(1990)Trends Biochem Sci 15(12):477-83)及びJackson R J and Kaminski,A.(1995)RNA 1(10):985-1000)。当業者が一般に用いるIRESの例としては、表1にあげたようなもの、及び米国特許No.6,692,736に記載されているものがある。当業者に公知の“IRES”の例としては、ピコルナウイルスから得られるIRES(Jackson et al., 1990)、ウイルス又は細胞のmRNA源から得られるIRES、例えば免疫グロブリン重鎖結合タンパク質(BiP)、血管内皮成長因子(VEGF)(Huez et al.,(1998)Mol.Cell.Biol.18(11):6178-6190)、繊維芽細胞成長因子2(FGF-2)、及びインスリン様成長因子(IGFII)、翻訳開始因子elF4G及び酵母転写因子TFIID及びHAP4、脳心筋ウイルス(EMCV)、これはNovagenから商業的に入手できる(Duke et al.,(1992)J. Virol.66(3):1602-9)及びVEGF IRES (Huez et al., (1998) Mol Cell Biol 18(11): 6178-90)、などがあるがそれだけに限定されない。IRESは、また、いろいろなウイルスで、例えばカルディオウイルス、ライノウイルス、アフトウイルス、HCV、Friendマウス白血病ウイルス(FrMLV)、Moloneyマウス白血病ウイルス(MoMLV)、などである。本明細書で用いる場合、“IRES”はIRES配列の機能的バリエーションも、そのバリエーションがあるシストロンの開始コドンへの直接のリボソーム内部進入を促進できる限り、包含する。IRESは、哺乳類、ウイルス、又は天然動物のものがある。
上で定義される“自己プロセシング開裂部位”又は“自己プロセシング開裂配列”とは、翻訳後に、その自己プロセシング開裂部位を含むポリペプチドの急速な分子内(cis)開裂が起こって離散的な成熟タンパク質産物が生ずるようなDNA又はアミノ酸配列を指す。このような“自己プロセシング開裂部位”は、また、翻訳後又は翻訳時プロセシング開裂部位と呼ばれることもあり、本明細書では2A部位、配列、又はドメインによって例示される。2A部位、配列、又はドメインは、エステル・リンケージの加水分解を促進するリボソームの活性を修飾して、不連続の下流の翻訳産物の合成が進行するのを可能にするような仕方でポリペプチドを翻訳複合体から放出することによって翻訳後の効果を発揮する(Donnelly,2001)。あるいはまた、2A部位、配列、又はドメインは、自身のC-末端をcisで開裂して一次開裂産物を生ずることによって“自己タンパク質分解”又は“開裂”を実証する(Furler;Palmenberg,Ann.Rev.Microbiol.44:603-623(1990))。
LLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:1)
TLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:2)
LLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:3)
NFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:4)
QLLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:5)
APVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:6)
VTELLYRMKRAETYCPRPLLAIHPTEARHKQKIVAPVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:7)
LLAIHPTEARHKQKIVAPVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:8)
EARHKQKIVAPVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:9)
2A又は2A様配列等の自己プロセシングペプチドの使用に関連した問題の一つは、第一のポリペプチドのN末端が自己プロセシング・ペプチドに由来するアミノ酸、すなわち、2A-由来のアミノ酸残基、を含むということである。これらのアミノ酸残基は、宿主に対しては“異物”であり、組換えタンパク質がin vivoで発現又は送り込まれると(すなわち、遺伝子治療との関連でウイルス又は非ウイルス・ベクターから発現されると、又はin vitroで生成された組換えタンパク質として投与されると)、免疫応答を誘発する可能性がある。さらに、除去されない場合、2A-由来のアミノ酸残基は、産生細胞におけるタンパク質分泌に干渉し及び/又はタンパク質のコンフォメーションを変化させて、組換えタンパク質の発現レベルが最適でなくなったり及び/又は生物活性が低下したりする可能性がある。
a). フリン開裂部位:RXK(R)R(SEQ ID NO:10)
b). Xa因子開裂部位:IE(D)GR(SEQ ID NO:11)
c). シグナルペプチダーゼI開裂部位:例えば、LAGFATVAQA(SEQ ID NO:12)及び
d). トロンビン開裂部位:LVPRGS(SEQ ID NO:13)。
本発明は、二つ以上のポリペプチド又はタンパク質のコーディング配列及び自己プロセシング開裂配列を含む構造を細胞に導入するために任意の多様なベクターの使用を意図する。遺伝子発現ベクターの多数の例が当業者には公知であり、ウイルス起源のものも非ウイルス起源のものもある。本発明を実施するのに用いることができる非ウイルス遺伝子運搬方法としては、プラスミド、リポソーム、核酸/リポソーム複合体、カチオン性脂質、などがあるが、それだけに限定されない。
抗体又はその断片又は自己プロセシング組換えポリペプチドという形の非相同タンパク質をコードする核酸配列を含む本発明のベクター構造は、in vitro、ex vivo、又はin vivoで細胞に導入して、外来の、治療用の、又は導入遺伝子を細胞、例えば体細胞に注入したり、ベクター導入細胞によって組換えポリペプチドを生産したりできる。
(1)形質移入された細胞を、免疫グロブリン又はその断片を発現する細胞を選択する条件の下で培養するステップ;
(2)免疫グロブリン又はその断片の発現を測定するステップ;及び
(3)免疫グロブリン又はその断片を集めるステップ。
本明細書で用いる場合、“免疫グロブリン分子の第一の鎖又はその断片のコーディング配列”とは、抗体又は免疫グロブリンの軽鎖又は重鎖、又はその断片、を含むがそれだけに限定されないタンパク質分子をコードする核酸配列を指す。
ラット抗-FLK-1モノクローナル抗体の全長重鎖及び軽鎖と自己プロセシング2A開裂配列をコードするAAVベクターが構成された。抗体重鎖及び軽鎖の可変及び定常領域が、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)によって親ハイブリドーマ細胞のcDNAからクローン化された。cDNAはQiagenの総RNA精製キットを用いてハイブリドーマ細胞から単離された総RNAから逆転写酵素によって合成された。モノクローナル抗体のヌクレオチド配列は自動配列決定システム(Applied Biosystems)を用いて分析され、コンセンサス配列が複数の独立なPCR反応から得られた配列決定データから得られた。
マウスFLK-1に対するモノクローナルIgG抗体の重鎖と軽鎖をコードし、FMDV 2A配列の挿入によってリンクされたAAVベクター構造(AAV H2AL)が、60%コンフルエントな293T細胞に一時的に形質移入された。細胞は、10%胎児ウシ血清、1%L-グルタミン、及び1%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシン溶液(Invitrogen)によって補われたIscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium (IMDM)で育成された。形質移入は、脂質をベースとするトランスフェクション試薬を含み、哺乳類細胞への外来DNAの取り込みを生ずるFuGENE 6トランスフェクション・キット(Roche)を用いて行われた。AAV H2ALプラスミドDNAがトランスフェクション試薬にメーカーの指示に従って混合され、DNA−脂質混合物が細胞培地に加えられた。形質移入された細胞は48又は72時間培養され、上澄みで抗体発現が分析された。mAb濃度がラットIgG ELISA分析(Bethyl Laboratories)を用いて決定された。この分析では、mAb IgGタンパク質がELISAプレート上に固定された抗ラットIgG抗体で捕捉され、標準分析条件を用いてHRPと結合した抗ラットIgG Fc抗体によって検出された。ELISAプレートを現像し、既知のラットIgG 濃度による標準曲線に基づくサンプルのOD読み取り値に基づいてmAb濃度が計算された。ELISA分析の結果は、組換えラットIgG抗体が、2A配列を含むAAVプラスミドで形質移入された293T細胞の上澄みに高レベルで発現されていることを示した。
本発明の別の実施例では、AAV H2AL構造を用いてKDRに対するヒト・モノクローナル抗体の重鎖と軽鎖を発現させた。新規ヒト抗-VEGFR2(KDR)mAbの重鎖、2A、及び軽鎖をコードするAAVベクターが、実施例1での説明と同じ戦略によって構成された。AAVベクターは、EF1-アルファ又はCAGプロモーター、WPRE、及びポリA配列を含んでいる。実施例1と同様に、293T細胞にFugen 6キットによってこのAAVプラスミドを形質移入し、形質移入から72時間後に細胞上澄み液を採取した。293T細胞の上澄み液におけるmAbの濃度はBethyl LaboratoriesからのサンドイッチELISA分析を用いて決定された。この分析では、ヒトIgGがELISAプレート上の固定された抗ヒトIgG抗体によって捕捉され、HRPが接合された抗ヒトIgG Fc抗体によって検出された。ウエルに基質溶液を加えた後に色が発現し、mAb濃度が、標準曲線としての既知の濃度のヒトIgGサンプルのOD読み取りに基づいて計算された。
Claims (22)
- 遺伝子組換え免疫グロブリンの発現のためのベクターであって:
5’から3’方向へ、免疫グロブリン分子の第一の鎖又はその断片のコーディング配列に作用可能式にリンクされたプロモーター、フリン開裂部位、2A自己プロセシング開裂配列、及び免疫グロブリン分子の第二の鎖又はその断片のコーディング配列を含んで成ることを特徴とするベクター。 - 前記ベクターが、アデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)ベクター、レンチウイルス・ベクター、レトロウイルス・ベクター、複製可能アデノウイルス・ベクター、複製欠損アデノウイルス・ベクター、及び減弱(gutless)アデノウイルス・ベクター、ヘルペスウイルス・ベクター、及び非ウイルス・プラスミドから成る群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のベクター。
- 前記2A自己プロセシング開裂配列が口蹄疫ウイルス(FMDV)配列であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のベクター。
- 前記2A自己プロセシング開裂配列が、SEQID NO:1、SEQID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、SEQID NO:6、SEQ ID NO:7、SEQ ID NO:8およびSEQID NO:9に示される配列からなる群より選択される2A開裂部位をコードすることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のベクター。
- 前記2A自己プロセシング開裂配列が、APVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP(SEQ ID NO:6)に示される配列を有する2A開裂部位をコードすることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のベクター。
- 前記フリン開裂部位が、コンセンサス配列RXK(R)R(SEQ ID NO:10)をコードすることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のベクター。
- 前記免疫グロブリン分子の前記第一の鎖又はその断片のコーディング配列が免疫グロブリン重鎖をコードすることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のベクター。
- 前記コーディング配列が免疫グロブリン重鎖の全長コーディング配列であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のベクター。
- 前記プロモーターが、伸長因子1-アルファ・プロモーター(EF1a)、ホスホグリセレート・キナーゼ-1プロモーター(PGK)、サイトメガロウイルス即時型(immediateearly)遺伝子プロモーター(CMV)、キメラ肝特異的プロモーター(LSP)サイトメガロウイルス・エンハンサー/チキン・ベータ-アクチン・プロモーター(CAG)、テトラサイクリン応答プロモーター(TRE)、トランスサイレチン・プロモーター(TTR)、シミアンウイルス40プロモーター(SV40)及びCK6プロモーターから成る群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のベクター。
- さらにシグナル配列を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のベクター。
- 前記免疫グロブリン分子の前記第一の鎖又はその断片及び前記免疫グロブリン分子の前記第二の鎖又はその断片のコーディング配列が等モル比で発現されることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のベクター。
- 前記ベクターがアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)ベクターであることを特徴とする請求項2〜5のいずれか1項に記載のベクター。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載のベクターで形質移入された宿主細胞。
- 免疫グロブリン分子又はその断片を産生する方法であって:
(i)単一宿主細胞に遺伝子組換え免疫グロブリンを発現させるためのベクターを導入するステップ、ここで該ベクターは:
5’から3’方向へ、免疫グロブリン分子の第一の鎖又はその断片のコーディング配列に作用可能式にリンクされたプロモーター、フリン開裂部位、2A自己プロセシング開裂配列、及び免疫グロブリン分子の第二の鎖又はその断片のコーディング配列を含む;及び
(ii)該遺伝子組換え免疫グロブリンを該形質転換した単一宿主細胞で発現させるステップ、ここで該免疫グロブリン分子の第一の鎖及び第二の鎖、又はその断片は等モル比で発現される、
を含む方法。 - 前記2A自己プロセシング開裂配列が口蹄疫ウイルス(FMDV)配列であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記2A自己プロセシング開裂配列が、SEQID NO:1、SEQID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、SEQID NO:6、SEQ ID NO:7、SEQID NO:8およびSEQID NO:9に示される配列からなる群より選択される2A開裂部位をコードすることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記2A自己プロセシング開裂配列が、APVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP(SEQ ID NO:6)に示される配列を有する2A開裂部位をコードすることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記フリン開裂部位が、コンセンサス配列RXK(R)R(SEQ ID NO:10)をコードすることを特徴とする請求項14〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記プロモーターが、伸長因子1-アルファ・プロモーター(EF1a)、ホスホグリセレート・キナーゼ-1プロモーター(PGK)、サイトメガロウイルス即時型遺伝子プロモーター(CMV)、キメラ肝特異的プロモーター(LSP)サイトメガロウイルス・エンハンサー/チキン・ベータ-アクチン・プロモーター(CAG)、テトラサイクリン応答プロモーター(TRE)、トランスサイレチン・プロモーター(TTR)、シミアンウイルス40プロモーター(SV40)及びCK6プロモーターから成る群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項14〜18
のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記ベクターがさらにシグナル配列を含む、請求項14〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫グロブリン分子の該第一の鎖又はその断片のコーディング配列が免疫グロブリン重鎖をコードすることを特徴とする請求項14〜20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫グロブリン分子の該第一の鎖又はその断片のコーディング配列が免疫グロブリン軽鎖をコードすることを特徴とする請求項14〜20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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WO2004113493A3 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
WO2004113493A2 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
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EP1629095A2 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
US20040265955A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
EP1629095A4 (en) | 2006-06-21 |
US7485291B2 (en) | 2009-02-03 |
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