JP4670842B2 - Vertical fertilizer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vertical fertilizer application device, and more particularly to sowing bed molding and sowing of soybeans and so on, and fertilization treatment.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a chemical injection device that is equipped with a vertical device that forms ridges behind a rotary cultivator, is provided with a fertilizer that applies fertilizer to a predetermined depth of a formed rod, and discharges a drug at a position deeper than the fertilizer discharge port. There exists the structure of the provided vertical fertilizer application (patent document 1).
JP 2002-209415 A

The above-described vertical fertilization apparatus can perform so-called deep layer fertilization and side strip fertilization at the same time, and is effectively used as a method for improving a decrease in ground strength due to paddy field cropping and the like.
However, in the above-described fertilizer application device, it is ejected from the discharge pipe for drug injection into the cultivated soil just before the start, and at a position shallower than this drug injection position, The discharged fertilizer is also scattered in the cultivated soil.

Therefore, the chemical | medical agent and fertilizer discharged to stirring soil are spread | diffused, and the desired fertilization effect cannot be acquired.
Further, when a grooving device for sowing on a flat surface with a rear cover of the rotary tiller is advanced, the seeding floor is depressed and rainwater accumulates, so that the seeds are susceptible to water and moisture damage such as poor germination and root rot.

In view of the above, the present invention has taken the following technical means. That is,
The invention described in claim 1 includes a rear portion of the towing vehicle 1 and a rear portion 23 that presses the upper surface of the soil while covering the rear of the tiller portion 20 that plows the soil and the tiller portion 20, and a stand 25. A vertical forming device is provided, and a first fertilizer application device 61 for applying fertilizer at a position deeper than the tilling depth of the tilling portion 20 is provided at the front portion of the tilling portion 20, and the rear portion of the tilling portion 20 is vertically formed. It is set as the structure of the vertical fertilizer which comprises the sowing machine 42 seed | inoculated on a cocoon surface, and the 2nd fertilizer application | coating apparatus 62 which fertilizes by the side of the seed sowed at predetermined intervals.

  If comprised as mentioned above, the tilling part 20 will cultivate soil by predetermined | prescribed tilling depth with advance of the towing vehicle 1. FIG. On the front side of this tillage part 20, it is fertilized by the 1st fertilizer to the location deeper than the said tillage depth by non-tillage. Further, on the rear side of the cultivating unit 20, seeding is carried out on the ridged surface after cultivation by a seeder and fertilized by a second fertilizer at a position at a predetermined interval on the side of the sowing position.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the first fertilizer application device has a pair of left and right disks 63, 63 arranged on the front side of the tilling unit 20, and the exit of the fertilizer introduction pipe 66 is not between these disks 63, 63. It is set as the structure of the vertical fertilizer application apparatus of Claim 1 made into the structure comprised.

  Invention of Claim 3 provided the shaping | molding means T which shape | molds the upper surface of the wrinkle shape | molded by the said vertical device 25 in a protruding item | line, and set it as the structure seed | inoculated to this protruding item | line, The erecting fertilizer of Claim 1 The configuration of the device.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 4, the molding means T temporarily receives the soil released backward by the tillage unit 20 in the rear cover 23 and sequentially releases it to the ground surface. It is set as the structure of the vertical fertilizer application apparatus of Claim 3 comprised by the part 32. FIG.

  The soil cultivated by the cultivating claws 30 constituting the cultivating section 20 is released backward, and ridges are formed on the ridge surface by the forming means T while the ridges 25 are formed with the ridges. For example, the tilled soil collides with the inner surface of the rear cover 23, and the rear cover 23 is provided with a soil accumulation portion 32 that receives the soil released backward by the tillage claws 30 and sequentially discharges it. As the towing vehicle 1 advances, the soil in the pool portion 32 is discharged to the surface of the ridge, and the portion is raised, so that only the sowing floor portion is higher than the other portions, and a flat ridge or round ridge is formed. And it seeds | inoculates to this protruding part (projection streak part).

  According to the invention of Claim 1 and Claim 2, since it is fertilized to the location deeper than the said tillage depth by the 1st fertilizer 61, it is hard to receive the influence of the soil spreading | diffusion by the following tillage part 20, The effect of fertilizing the root of the crop can be maintained for a long time, and the fertilization depth can be set to a depth that does not affect the rhizobia.

  According to the invention described in claim 3 or claim 4, in addition to the above-described effects, the upper surface of the ridge after the vertical molding is formed in a convex shape, so that no groove portion is formed in the sowing mark. Prevents moisture damage such as root rot.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a tractor as a towing vehicle, which includes front wheels 2, 2 and rear wheels 3, 3 at the front and rear portions of the airframe. The vehicle is configured to be appropriately decelerated and transmitted to the front wheels 2 and 2 and the rear wheels 3 and 3.

  A hydraulic cylinder case 7 is fixedly provided on the rear upper part of the transmission case 6. A single-acting hydraulic cylinder 8 is provided in the hydraulic cylinder case, and lift arms 9 and 9 are pivotally supported on the left and right sides of the hydraulic cylinder case 7 so as to freely rotate. In addition, a quick hitch 13 is provided at the rear end portion of the three-point link mechanism 12 including the top link 10 and the lower links 11 and 11 so that the work implement can be mounted with one touch. A rotary tiller 14 is detachably connected. Reference numerals 15 and 15 denote lift rods interposed between the lift arms 9 and 9 and the lower links 11 and 11.

  The rotary cultivator 14 includes a cultivating unit 20, a main rotary cover 22 that covers the top of the cultivating unit 20, and a rear cover 23 that is pivotally attached to the rear of the main rotary cover 22, and the rear cover. In the horizontal width direction of 23, there are provided V-shaped notches 24 (four in this embodiment) as viewed from the back, and the notch 24 is mounted so that the tip of the vertical unit 25 enters. . The four uprights 25 can be slidably adjusted in the left-right direction on the hitch 27 extending in the left-right lateral direction. Depending on the width of the upright or in accordance with the center of the notch, The mounting position can be changed and adjusted.

  The cultivating unit 20 includes a cultivating shaft 29 and a plurality of cultivating claws 30 mounted on the cultivating shaft 29, and the input shaft 18 of the rotary cultivating device 14 via the universal joint 17 from the PTO shaft 16 on the tractor 1 side. The power is transmitted to the rotary shaft 29, and the tilling shaft 29 is rotated by this rotational power. When the cultivating shaft 29 rotates, the soil is cultivated by the cultivating claws 30. The cultivated soil is discharged rearward and hits the rear cover 23 to be crushed.

  In addition, in the width direction of the rear cover 23 positioned between the adjacent uprights 25, 25, a soil storage portion 32 that receives the cultivated soil and temporarily stores the soil is provided. The forming means T for forming the ridge portion is used. In this embodiment, three earth accumulation parts 32 are provided. Since the three earth accumulation parts 32... Are all the same, the configuration of the central one earth accumulation part 32 will be described. The rear cover 23 portion on which the earth accumulation portion 32 is provided is cut out in a rectangular shape when viewed from the back, and the top plate 33 and the left and right side plates 34 are provided integrally with the rear cover 23 so as to protrude rearward in this portion. It has been.

  The pair of left and right side plates 34, 34 are bent so that rear end portions thereof are bent inward, and the top plate 33 is bent so that the convex portion faces upward. Reference numeral 35 denotes a slide adjusting plate which is located behind the soil accumulation portion 32 and moves in the vertical direction in contact with the bent portions 34a and 34a of the left and right side plates 34 and 34. Pins 37 and 37 having threaded portions project upward from the upper surfaces of the bent portions 34a and 34a, and a slide adjusting plate 35 having long holes 38 and 38 is attached to the pins 37 and 37 from above.

  The slide adjusting plate 35 can be moved in the vertical direction within the range of the long holes 38, 38. When the slide adjustment plate 35 is shifted upward, the opening amount a of the soil accumulation portion 32 is increased. Conversely, when the slide adjustment plate 35 is shifted downward, the opening amount a is decreased. Reference numerals 36 and 36 are thumb screws.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a round rod-like rod 39 is installed between the left and right side plates 34, and a flexible rubber plate 40 is mounted on the rod 39 so as to place an intermediate portion. Yes. That is, the upper end portion of the rubber plate 40 is fixed to the rear cover 23, and the middle portion of the rubber plate 40 is supported so as to straddle the rod 39, and the lower end portion of the rubber plate 40 freely swings in the front-rear direction. It is configured to be able to move. As described above, in this embodiment, since the lower end portion of the rubber plate 40 can be swung back and forth without being fixed, the adhesion of soil is reduced. In addition, although the earth accumulation part 32 is good also as a structure fixed to the rear cover 23 in the state which cannot be laterally moved, as shown in FIG. 4, you may comprise so that the earth accumulation part 32 single-piece | unit can move to the left-right direction. In FIG. 4, reference numerals 41, 41 are plates that are integral with the side plates 34, 34 of the reservoir 32, and a plurality of mounting holes 41 a, 41 a are formed in the plates 41, 41. One of 41a, 41a and the mounting hole (not shown) on the rear cover 23 side are matched and then fixed to the rear cover 23 side by tightening means 47 such as bolts and nuts. Thus, if it is the structure which can be moved and adjusted, there exists a merit which can respond quickly to the change of a sowing position when the distance between streaks changes.

  Next, the fertilizer application will be described. The fertilizer application includes a first fertilizer application 61 that applies fertilizer to the front portion of the tillage unit 20 and a second fertilizer application device 62 that is disposed at the rear portion of the vertical device 25. Among these, the 1st fertilizer 61 is a structure arrange | positioned in right and left according to the number of strips (three in the example) of a forming rod, and each unit is equipped with a pair of disc 63,63, The lower end supply port of the fertilizer introduction pipe 66 connected to the feeding portion 65 of the fertilizer hopper 64 is positioned between the disks 63 and 63.

  A fixing bar 68 having a rectangular cross section is provided on the front side of the main rotary cover 22 of the tilling rotary via a bracket 67, and a vertical support cylinder 69 is provided along the longitudinal direction of the fixing bar 68 on the front surface of the fixing bar 68. The mounting cylinder 70 is provided so that the mounting position can be adjusted, and the support cylinder 70 slightly inclined on the rear surface is also provided so that the mounting position can be adjusted along the longitudinal direction of the fixed bar 68.

  Among the above support cylinders, the front support cylinder 69 is inserted with a vertical rod 71 that rotatably supports the pair of disks 63, 63 around the horizontal axis at the lower end, and is tightened and held so that the vertical adjustment is possible. In the side support cylinder 70, the lower end side of the supply pipe 66 is inserted and held. The pair of disks 63, 63 has a V-shaped configuration in a plan view so that the front side in the traveling direction is closed and the rear side is opened, and the lower end of the supply pipe 66 is looked at the widened portion on the rear side. As the pair of disks 63, 63 advances, a groove shape is formed by spreading the soil across the lower end of the disk 63. The lower end FL of the groove 63 is deeper than the depth RL where the soil is cultivated by the tiller 20, for example, the front support The cylinder 69 is installed with vertical adjustment.

Note that the rotational drive of the feeding unit 65 is interlocked by the chain 72 so as to rotate in synchronization with the feeding unit of the second fertilizer application device 62.
Next, the second fertilizer application device 62 and the sowing machine 42 disposed behind the tillage unit 20, in the illustrated example, behind the uprights 25, 25. First, with respect to the seeder 42, three seeders 42 are attached to the hitch 27 integrated with the rotary tiller 14 so as to be movable in the lateral direction, and each seeder 42 is located almost directly behind the reservoir 32. And is fixed to the hitch 27 in a state in which it cannot be laterally moved by appropriate fastening means such as bolts.

  Reference numeral 44 in the figure denotes a pressure reducing wheel that rolls on the seeding floor portion on the upper surface of the ridge, and drives the feeding portion of the seed hopper 46 via the chain sprocket mechanism 45. Reference numeral 52 denotes a groove forming device for forming the formed seeding floor portion, and reference numeral 53 denotes a cover ring for applying soil after seeding.

  On the other hand, the second fertilizer application device 62 includes a pair of disks 73, 73 disposed on the side of the seeding machines 42, 42,. The fertilizer introduction pipe 76 connected to the feeding part 75 of the fertilizer hopper 74 is configured to be applied for fertilization. The disks 73 and 73 and the supply pipe 76 are supported by the hitch 27, and the basic form is the first. The same as the fertilizer application 61. The feeding portion 75 is driven through the chain sprocket mechanism 50 by the rotation of the driving wheel 48 that travels on the upper surface of the rod or the groove. In this embodiment, the drive wheel 48 uses a system that travels on the upper surface of the kite. However, if the drive wheel 48 travels in the kite groove, it is difficult to form a groove in the kite and it is difficult to collect rainwater and the like.

  In the above example, when performing vertical fertilization and sowing work, the rotary tiller 14, the vertical device 25, the seeder 42, and the first and second fertilizers 61 and 62 are attached to the rear part of the tractor 1. The PTO shaft 16 of the tractor 1 is driven to advance the airframe while rotating the tilling claw 30 of the rotary tiller 14.

  Tilling / standing work will be described. The plow shaft 29 is rotated by the rotation of the PTO shaft 16, and the soil is cultivated by the cultivation claws 30. At this time, a part of the soil hits the rear cover 23 and is finely crushed and pressed by the lower edge of the rear cover 23. A part of the soil released backward by the tilling claws 30 is received in the soil accumulation portion 32 and temporarily stored, and is released from the rear opening a to the upper surface of the cage while being pressed by the rubber plate 40. The In this case, the larger the opening amount a, the larger the soil rise, and the smaller the opening amount a, the smaller the rise. In particular, in this embodiment, the soil accumulation portion 32 is formed in a box shape with the top plate 33 and the left and right side plates 34, 34, and the soil discharged into this box-shaped space portion is accumulated. The shape of the soil discharged on the upper surface of the cocoon becomes substantially constant, so that the subsequent sowing work can be easily performed. Further, the momentum of the soil is weakened in the box-shaped space portion, and in the weakened state, the soil of the soil accumulation portion 32 is discharged rearward from the opening a, and the rubber plate 40 attached to the soil accumulation portion 32 is used. Since the bottom surface of the ridge is pressed against the raised portion of the top surface of the ridge, the soil does not adhere to the rubber plate 40, so that the soil in the reservoir 32 is well separated and the finish of the top surface of the ridge after the vertical molding is beautiful. Become.

  Next, the fertilization and sowing work will be described. The first fertilizer 61 is arranged on the front side of the rotary tiller 14, and the disks 63, 63 form grooves as the progress proceeds. At a position deeper than the tillage depth, so-called deep layer fertilization is performed. The fertilizer applied to this deep layer is not stirred even by the above-mentioned tilling work and the fertilizer does not diffuse.

  Then, the grooving device 52 passes over the raised portion A after erection to form a seeding groove, and the seed in the seed hopper 46 is rotated by the feeding portion that rotates by receiving the rotational driving force of the pressure reducing wheel 44. The seed is covered from the left and right by the cover ring 53, and the pressure wheel 49 rolls on the seed so as to press the seeded portion.

  On the other hand, in the vicinity of the side of the sowing position, grooves are formed by passing the disks 73, 73 of the second fertilizer application device 62, and the fertilizer fed from the fertilizer hopper 74 is fertilized to the side of the seed sowed. In addition, simultaneously with the processing after sowing, the soil is covered with the soil covering ring 53 and the pressure is applied by the pressure reducing wheel 49.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the cocoon and the sowing / fertilization status, showing before (i) and after (b) the suppression. In the deep layer, in the case of soybean, fertilizer F1, for example, LPS, which is accommodated in the fertilizer hopper 64 of the first fertilizer application 61 is sprayed 10 to 20 cm below the sowing position of the soybean seed S. Since the lower ends of the disks 63 and 63 are arranged at a position deeper than the plowing depth of the device 14, the fertilization becomes deeper than the plowing depth, and the soil is subsequently cultivated but is not diffused after the fertilization and is spread over a long period. The depth of fertilization can be maintained and the root nodule bacteria is not affected. Similarly, in the case of soybean, in the example of soybean, the fertilizer F2 of the fertilizer hopper 74 of the second fertilizer application device 62, for example, soybean No. 1 is separated from the soybean seed by D1 (for example, about 7 cm) and deepened by the depth D2 (for example, about 20 cm). Spray.

  According to the cultivation process of soybeans configured as described above, in the conventional fertilization area in which soybean No. 1 is sprayed on all layers, in the deep layer / side stripe fertilization test area according to the present invention, the main stem length, the number of true leaves, etc. The growth results clearly show that the test plots outnumbered the customary fertilizer plots, and the leaves were dark and the growth was vigorous. And in the measurement results of the number of rhizobia, the test plots showed more than twice the value of the conventional fertilization plots in both the flowering period and the most prosperous period, confirming the vigor of growth. As a result, the actual yield was higher in the test plot.

  In addition, the tilling nail | claw located in the back of the 1st fertilizer application 61 can also be removed. If it does in this way, spreading | diffusion of cultivated soil will be suppressed and the intended objective can be achieved also in a comparatively shallow position.

  In addition, by expanding the width of the ridges on the ridge surface, both the sowing and fertilization by the second fertilizer 62 can be applied to the ridges, so that grooves can be reduced and moisture damage can be effectively prevented. . In addition, in the said Example, although it was set as the structure which forms a groove | channel with a disk, it is not limited to this structure, For example, the combination by a subsoiler type grooving means and a fertilizer introduction pipe | tube may be sufficient.

  FIGS. 10A and 10B are reference diagrams showing an improved configuration of the quick hitch 13 described above. The hitch frame 80 is provided with left and right support pins 81 and 81 and an upper hook 82 which are engaged with or disengaged from engagement hooks and engagement pins (both not shown) formed on the work machine side. However, the hook plate 83 for maintaining the engagement between the left and right support pins 81, 81 and the work implement side engagement hook is provided by urging with a spring (not shown). The hook plate 83 needs to be rotated to the release posture. For this reason, a release lever 84 is conventionally provided on the connecting member for connecting the hook plates 83L and 83R itself or the left and right hook plates 83L and 83R. In FIG. The pipe members 85L and 85R for fixing the end portions so as to be freely inserted and removed constitute left and right hook plates, and the release lever 84 can selectively use the pipe member 85L or 85R of the right or left hook plate as required. Therefore, when there is a risk of interference with another object on one side of the left and right sides, it can be used by replacing it with the other.

  In addition, in the case shown in FIG. 11, the middle part of the release lever 84 is foldably connected, and when released, it is used in an extended connection state, and when not in use, the grip part 84a is folded and accommodated (see FIG. )). This prevents contact with other objects such as during work.

  FIG. 12 is a reference view showing an improved configuration of the rear cover 23 part. When the rear cover 23 is maintained, it is raised with respect to the main rotary cover 22, but deposits of cultivated soil accumulate on the inner side of the rear cover 23, and the weight becomes heavy. Lifting is not easy. Therefore, in the configuration shown in FIG. 12, a receiver 88 that is provided with an engaging recess 87 that can be engaged with the tip of a separately prepared pulling rod 86 at the center of the rear portion of the main rotary cover 22 and that rotates around the horizontal axis is attached. The base end portion of the long hook member 89 is latched at the center portion of 23. Therefore, if the hook member 89 is locked in a state where it is not displaced in the longitudinal direction in the middle of the separately prepared pulling rod 86 and the tip (rear end) of the pulling rod 86 is raised, it can be easily lifted by the lever principle. Further, in the configuration shown in FIG. 13, a holding pipe 91 capable of inserting and holding the stand 90 is detachably attached to the rear end of the rear cover 23. 92 is a fixing pin. Raise the rotary rotary working machine, attach the stand 90 and slowly lower it. The stand 90 can be held in a grounded state, that is, in a state in which the rear of the rear cover 23 is largely opened. Reference numeral 93 denotes a spring wound around the stand 90. When the tilling rotary working machine is slowly lowered with the fixing pin 92 removed, the stand 90 can be buffered when the stand 90 is grounded, and each part can be prevented from being damaged.

  14 to 16 are views showing a state in which the leveler 95 is attached to the rear cover 23. Conventionally, the leveler 95 ′ with the tooth was configured to be attached to the lower end of the rear cover so as to extend rearward (FIG. 15 (b)). It was inconvenient to remove. Accordingly, in the configuration shown in FIG. 15 (a), the tooth 97 provided with the toothed leveler 95 on the long frame part 96 in the left-right direction is inserted into the front, that is, directly below the rear cover 23 to form the tooth 97. As a result, the front and rear length can be shortened, and the tooth 97 that has sufficiently received the load of the rear cover 23 can act on the surface, so that a good finish such as scraping can be expected. Reference numeral 98 denotes a mounting piece provided at the lower portion of the rear cover 23, and 99 denotes a mounting piece for the leveler 95, and the mounting of the leveler 95 with the tooth is completed by superimposing and fixing both.

  FIG. 16 relates to a configuration in which the front cover is extended at the front portion of the main rotary cover 22 to prevent mud scattering. The front cover is provided with a first front cover 102 on a hinge 101 formed at the front end of the main rotary cover 22 so as to be rotatable up and down, and a second hinge 103 is formed at the front end of the first front cover 102. Is provided with a second front cover 104 made of rubber. Therefore, since the first and second front covers 102 and 104 are provided from the folded posture (solid line in FIG. 16) to the extended posture (virtual line in FIG. 16), the shielding range can be expanded in the vertical direction, effectively preventing mud scattering. I can stop.

It is a side view in the state where a stand was installed in a tractor. It is a rear view of FIG. It is an enlarged side view of the principal part. It is an enlarged rear view of the principal part. It is a side view of the principal part which fractured | ruptured a part. It is a side view of the state which equipped the rotary tiller with the seeder. It is a partially expanded side view of a 1st fertilizer. It is a top view same as the above. (A) (b) It is action explanatory drawing. It is the side view (I) which shows another example of a hitch frame, and a lever part expanded view (B). It is a side view (a) which shows the other example of a hitch frame, and lever part operation explanatory drawing (b). It is a side view which shows another example of a tilling rotary. It is a side view which shows the further another example of a tilling rotary. It is a perspective view which shows another example of a rear part cover part. It is a reference side view (I) of a leveler with a tooth, and a side view (B) showing a conventional example. It is a side view which shows the further another example of a tilling rotary.

Explanation of symbols

1 Tractor (towing vehicle)
14 Rotary Tillage Device 20 Tillage Unit 24 Rear Cover 25 Stander 32 Soil Storage Unit 42 Sowing Machine 61 First Fertilizer 63 Disk 66 Fertilizer Introducing Pipe

Claims (4)

The rear part of the towing vehicle (1) includes a cultivating part (20) for cultivating the soil, a rear cover (23) for pressing the upper surface of the soil while covering the rear part of the cultivating part (20), and an upright (25). A vertical forming device is provided, and a first fertilizer application device (61) for applying fertilizer to a position deeper than the tillage depth of the tillage portion (20) is provided at the front portion of the tillage portion (20), and the tillage portion (20). A vertical fertilizer application device provided with a sowing machine (42) for sowing seedlings on a vertical surface and a second fertilizer application device (62) for fertilizing at a predetermined interval on the side part of the seeded seeds. The first fertilizer applicator (61) has a pair of left and right discs (63, 63) arranged on the front side of the tilling part (20), and an outlet of the fertilizer introduction pipe (66) is interposed between these discs (63, 63). The vertical fertilizer application device according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer application device is configured to be desired. The vertical fertilizer application device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a forming means (T) for forming the upper surface of the ridge formed by the erection device (25) into a ridge is provided and seeded on the ridge. . The forming means (T) is configured to receive the soil released backward by the tillage unit (20) in the rear cover (23) and temporarily release the soil to the ground surface (32). The vertical fertilization device according to claim 3 constituted.

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