JP4646627B2 - レーザー金属成形による硬い層の微細構造の制御方法 - Google Patents
レーザー金属成形による硬い層の微細構造の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
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Description
・この発明の例
ここでは、MarM−247基材上に重量比で75%のCr3 C2 と25%の80%Ni−20%Cr合金から成る粉末を機械的に混合して形成したコーティングで観察される微細構造を説明することで、この発明の一例を示す。
2 基礎部
3 プラットフォーム部
4 ブレード部
5 物体1の表面
6 レーザービーム
7 溶融池
8 粉末
9 キャリアガス
10 供給器
10a ノズル
11 移動方向
12 凝固した材料、コーティング
13 光信号
14 ダイクロイックミラー
15 高温計
16 制御システム
17 主プロセス制御部
18 供給器10及びノズル10a用制御器
19 レーザー6用制御器
Claims (18)
- レーザー金属成形プロセスを制御して、物体(1)の表面(5)にレーザー金属成形による炭化物と金属粉末の混合物或いはWC,CrC又はCr3 C2 から成る層を形成する方法であって、
この方法は、
(a)レーザー光源及び信号収集機器と物体(1)とを互いに相対的に動かす工程と、その際、
(b)このレーザー光源を用いて、特定の出力で、物体(1)の表面(5)を局所的に溶融して、溶融池(7)を形成する工程と、
(c)粉末(8)は、基質相に埋め込むための炭化物と金属の粉末又はWC,CrC又はCr3 C2 の粒子の混合物から成り、ノズル(10a)を用いて、この粉末(8)をキャリアガス(9)とともに溶融池(7)に注入する工程と、
(d)粉末(8)の注入が、溶融池(7)から収集する光信号(13)の円錐形状に関して同心円状に行われ、溶融池(7)から収集する光信号(13)の円錐形状が、レーザー光源を集束する円錐形状に関して同心円状であり、レーザー光源からの光を透過するとともに、光信号(13)の光を反射するか、或いはその逆の動作を行うダイクロイックミラー(14)を使用する形で、この信号収集機器を用いて、溶融池(7)からの光信号(13)を収集する工程と、
(e)この観測した光信号(13)を使用して、この溶融池(7)の特性として、温度及び温度変動を測定する工程と、
(f)制御システム(16)内のフィードバック回路において、この光信号(13)からの溶融池(7)の温度及び温度変動の情報を使用して、レーザー光源の出力、レーザー光源と物体(1)間の相対的な速度、追加するコーティング用材料及び/又はキャリアガス(9)の質量供給率、ノズル(10a)と物体間の距離並びにノズル(10a)の物体(1)に対する角度の中の一つ又は組み合わせをプロセスパラメータとして調整して、所望の溶融池の特性を得る工程と、それに続いて、
(g)この溶融池(7)を凝固させる工程と、
を有する方法。 - 当該の溶融した基質材料によって、WC,CrC又はCr3 C2 の固形の粒子を溶かすこと、及び/又は当該のWC,CrC又はCr3 C2 の粒子を、これらを基質材料と溶融させるのに十分な溶融温度で溶かすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 当該の溶融池(7)に、WC,CrC又はCr3 C2 の粒子をニッケルクロムの基質内に散在させて注入することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 当該の溶融池(7)に、焼結させた塊の炭化物の粉末を注入することと、この塊状化した材料の主要な構成物質がNi又はCrのどちらかであることとを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 当該の物体(1)に対して当該のレーザー光源を動かすか、或いは当該のレーザー光源に対して当該の物体(1)を動かすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 当該のコーティングプロセスの間に、熱の入力を制御することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 当該の物体(1)の表面(5)に、一つのコーティング(12)を形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 当該の物体(1)の表面(5)に、複数又は層状のコーティング(12)を形成することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- コーティング(12)の異なる層又はコーティング(12)の同じ層の異なる部分に対して、当該のプロセスパラメータを変えることを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- この方法を適用して、当該の物体(1)の塊の部分を形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 当該のレーザー光源の出力制御を、当該の制御システム(16)内の主プロセス制御部(17)用に使用するプロセッサとは異なるプロセッサを持つ制御器(19)によって処理することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 当該のレーザー光源の出力制御器(19)をリアルタイムで動作させる工程を有する請求項11に記載の方法。
- 当該の制御システム(16)内において、PID制御パラメータを事前定義するためにゲインスケジューリングを使用することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 品質制御の目的、プロセスパラメータの最適化及び/又はプロセスの文書化のために、当該の溶融池(7)からの光信号(13)の後処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- ファイバーで結合した検出器によって、当該の光信号(13)を収集する工程を有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- (a)当該のレーザー光源の焦点の中心と近傍から光信号(13)を収集する工程と、
(b)この光信号(13)を収集するために、光ファイバーか、結像用ファイバーバンドルか、CCDカメラを使用する工程と、
(c)この光信号(13)を使用して、当該の溶融池(7)の中心と近傍における幾つかの位置で温度を測定する工程と、
を更に有する請求項1に記載の方法。 - レーザー光源として、ファイバーで結合した高出力ダイオードレーザーを使用する工程を有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 当該の物体(1)が、ニッケル又はコバルトをベースとする超合金或いは鋼鉄から成るガスタービン又はコンプレッサーの部品であることを特徴とする請求項1から17までのいずれか一つに記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02405771A EP1396556A1 (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2002-09-06 | Method for controlling the microstructure of a laser metal formed hard layer |
PCT/CH2003/000515 WO2004022816A1 (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2003-07-29 | Method for controlling the microstructure of a laser metal formed hard layer |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2005537934A JP2005537934A (ja) | 2005-12-15 |
JP4646627B2 true JP4646627B2 (ja) | 2011-03-09 |
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JP2004533145A Expired - Fee Related JP4646627B2 (ja) | 2002-09-06 | 2003-07-29 | レーザー金属成形による硬い層の微細構造の制御方法 |
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US (1) | US7705264B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1396556A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4646627B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100471997C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003298367A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2497761C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60334110D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004022816A1 (ja) |
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EP1340583A1 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-09-03 | ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd | Method of controlled remelting of or laser metal forming on the surface of an article |
DE102004042492A1 (de) | 2004-08-31 | 2006-03-09 | WINKLER + DüNNEBIER AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Schneid- oder Prägewalze mittels Laserauftragsschweißen |
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EP1396556A1 (en) | 2004-03-10 |
CA2497761C (en) | 2011-11-01 |
CA2497761A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
JP2005537934A (ja) | 2005-12-15 |
WO2004022816A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
EP1534877A1 (en) | 2005-06-01 |
CN1735714A (zh) | 2006-02-15 |
US7705264B2 (en) | 2010-04-27 |
DE60334110D1 (de) | 2010-10-21 |
AU2003298367A1 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
CN100471997C (zh) | 2009-03-25 |
US20060081571A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
EP1534877B1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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