JP4634797B2 - オキシランをカルボニル化するための触媒 - Google Patents
オキシランをカルボニル化するための触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4634797B2 JP4634797B2 JP2004525399A JP2004525399A JP4634797B2 JP 4634797 B2 JP4634797 B2 JP 4634797B2 JP 2004525399 A JP2004525399 A JP 2004525399A JP 2004525399 A JP2004525399 A JP 2004525399A JP 4634797 B2 JP4634797 B2 JP 4634797B2
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- Prior art keywords
- carbonylation
- oxide
- catalyst
- ppn
- bis
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- 238000005810 carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 230000006315 carbonylation Effects 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
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- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 (3,5-di -t- butyl-salicylidene) chloride chromium Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- XLPOOLXBIFYXII-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Cl-].C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(C(C=[Cr+])=CC(=C1)C(C)(C)C)O Chemical compound [Cl-].C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(C(C=[Cr+])=CC(=C1)C(C)(C)C)O XLPOOLXBIFYXII-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene oxide Chemical compound C1CCCC2OC21 ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene oxide Natural products O=C1CCCC=C1 FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- GJEZBVHHZQAEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Chemical compound C1CCC2OC21 GJEZBVHHZQAEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene oxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OEOXOJSHTZAIHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(triphenyl-$l^{5}-phosphanylidene)azanium;carbon monoxide;cobalt Chemical compound [Co].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=[N+]=P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OEOXOJSHTZAIHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JECYNCQXXKQDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylhexan-2-yloxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)(C)OCC1CO1 JECYNCQXXKQDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GKWCCSUCDFFLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxirane Chemical compound C1CO1.C1CO1 GKWCCSUCDFFLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 23
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- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
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- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VEUMANXWQDHAJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]ethyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1O VEUMANXWQDHAJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GSCLMSFRWBPUSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Butyrolactone Chemical compound CC1CC(=O)O1 GSCLMSFRWBPUSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003579 shift reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MUALRAIOVNYAIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N binap Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MUALRAIOVNYAIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- GRFNBEZIAWKNCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-pyridinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CN=C1 GRFNBEZIAWKNCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl glycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZHMFQJEUXFZSS-VSGBNLITSA-N [(1s,2s)-2-(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)cyclohexyl]methyl-diphenylphosphane Chemical compound C([C@H]1CCCC[C@@H]1CP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UZHMFQJEUXFZSS-VSGBNLITSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGOBPPNNYVSJTE-HSZRJFAPSA-N [(2r)-1-diphenylphosphanylpropan-2-yl]-diphenylphosphane Chemical compound C([C@@H](C)P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WGOBPPNNYVSJTE-HSZRJFAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWXAUDSWDBGCMN-DNQXCXABSA-N [(2r,3r)-3-diphenylphosphanylbutan-2-yl]-diphenylphosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P([C@H](C)[C@@H](C)P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FWXAUDSWDBGCMN-DNQXCXABSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004644 alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005140 aralkylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005098 aryl alkoxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005099 aryl alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005135 aryl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZHHNBNSMNNUAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt 2-[2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]ethyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound [Co].OC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1O VZHHNBNSMNNUAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCCC1 YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DPOGTJDEMBEUSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexyl(ethyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(CC)C1CCCCC1 DPOGTJDEMBEUSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1PC1=CC=CC=C1 GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKIPXFAANLTWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N epibromohydrin Chemical compound BrCC1CO1 GKIPXFAANLTWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011968 lewis acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001457 metallic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002918 oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenolate Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SZWHXXNVLACKBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylphosphanium Chemical compound CC[P+](CC)(CC)CC SZWHXXNVLACKBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVEGCWNSHIHZJK-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrahexylazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCCCC[N+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC OVEGCWNSHIHZJK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFPINLPPFWTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenylphosphonium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 USFPINLPPFWTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004001 thioalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D315/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom according to more than one of groups C07D303/00 - C07D313/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/20—Carbonyls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
- B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
- B01J31/2243—At least one oxygen and one nitrogen atom present as complexing atoms in an at least bidentate or bridging ligand
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/34—Other additions, e.g. Monsanto-type carbonylations, addition to 1,2-C=X or 1,2-C-X triplebonds, additions to 1,4-C=C-C=X or 1,4-C=-C-X triple bonds with X, e.g. O, S, NH/N
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/26—Chromium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0202—Polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0208—Bimetallic complexes, i.e. comprising one or more units of two metals, with metal-metal bonds but no all-metal (M)n rings, e.g. Cr2(OAc)4
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0238—Complexes comprising multidentate ligands, i.e. more than 2 ionic or coordinative bonds from the central metal to the ligand, the latter having at least two donor atoms, e.g. N, O, S, P
- B01J2531/0241—Rigid ligands, e.g. extended sp2-carbon frameworks or geminal di- or trisubstitution
- B01J2531/0252—Salen ligands or analogues, e.g. derived from ethylenediamine and salicylaldehyde
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/60—Complexes comprising metals of Group VI (VIA or VIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/62—Chromium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/845—Cobalt
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Description
a) 元素の周期表の第5〜11族の金属の非荷電またはアニオン性の遷移金属錯体を含む少なくとも1種のカルボニル化触媒Aと、
b) 少なくとも1種のキラルなルイス酸Bと、
を含む触媒系を用いてオキシランを接触カルボニル化することによりラクトンを調製する方法によってこの目的が達成されることを我々は見いだした。
(Mα (n+))m[Mβ(L)4]l (I)、
〔式中、変数および指数は、以下の意味を有する:
Mβは、形式電荷-1を保有する元素の周期表の第8〜10族の遷移金属、とくにコバルトまたはロジウムであり、
Lは、PR3、P(OR)3 NR3、SR2、OR2、CO、R-CN、R-NO2、(RO)(R'O)C=O、(R)(R')C=O、(R)C=O(OR')、とくにCOであり、
Mαは、元素の周期表の第1もしくは2族の金属、Zn、またはHg、とくに、Na、K、Cs、Mg、Ca、Zn、およびHg、ビス(トリアリールホスフィン)イミニウム、トリチル、あるいはT(R)4であり、ここで、
Tは、N、P、またはAs、とくにNであり、
R、R'は、それぞれ互いに独立して、H、アルキル、アリール、アルカリール、またはアラルキルであり、
n、mは、それぞれ、1または2であり、そして
lは、n×mである〕
を有する。
M = Mg、Ca、Sc、Y、希土類元素、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Al、Ga、Zr、Nb、Mo、Ru、Rh、Pd、Ag、Cd、In、Hf、Ta、W、Re、Os、Ir、Pt、Au、Hg、TI、Pb。好ましい金属Mは、Ti、Zr、Hf、Cr、Mo、W、Co、Rh、Ir、Ni、Pd、Cu、Cd、Al、Mg、Zn、Feである。とくに好ましい金属Mは、Cr、Co、Ti、Fe、Ni、Pdである;
X = アニオン、たとえば、ハリド、スルフェート、スルフィット、ニトレート、ニトリット、カルボキシレート、スルフィド、ホスフェート、スルホネート、ボレート、好ましくは、Ci、スルホネート、またはカルボキシレート;
L(n) = ホスフィン、シクロペンタジエニル、またはアンサ配位子、サレン、イミン、オキサゾリン、アルコキシド、フェノキシド、カルボキシレート、ここで、種々のLは、互いに連結することができ、Lはキラルである。好ましい配位子は、サレン(1,2-シクロヘキサンジアミノ-N,N-ビス-3,5-ジ-t-ブチルサリチリデン)、ジホスフィン(たとえば、(2S,4S)-(-)-(ジフェニルホスフィノ)-2-(ジフェニルホスフィノメチル)ピロリジン、(R)-(+)-2,2'-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)-1,1'-ビナフチル(binap)、R-(+)-1,2-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)プロパン、(4R,5R)-(-)-o-イソプロピリデン-2,3-ジヒドロキシ-1,4-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)ブタン(diop)、(1S,2S)-(+)-1,2-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノメチル)シクロヘキサン、(-)-(R)-N,N-ジメチル-1-[(S)-1',2-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセニル]エチルアミン、(2R,3R)-(+)-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)ブタン)、(+)-1,2-ビス[(2S,5S)-2,5-ジメチルホスホラノ]ベンゼン、(S)-1((R)-1',2-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセニル)エタノール、(R)-(-)-1-[(S)-2-(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセニル]エチルジシクロヘキシルホスフィン、(1S,2S)-(+)-1,2-ビス[(n-ジフェニルホスフィノ)アミノ]シクロヘキサン)、オキサゾリン(たとえば、1,2-ビス(2,4-ジメチル-2-オキサゾリン-2-イル)エタン、(S,S)-2,2'-ビス(4-ベンジル-2-オキサゾリン)、(S,S)-2,2'-(2,6-ピリジンジイル)ビス(4-イソプロピル-2-オキサゾリン)、(S,S)-(-)-2,2'-(ジメチルメチレン)ビス(4-tert-ブチル-2-オキサゾリン)、(4R,5S,4'R,5'S)-2,2'-メチレンビス(4,5-ジフェニル-2-オキサゾリン)、エチレンビス(4,5,6,7-テトラヒドロ-1-インデニル)、ビナフトール、アミノ酸である。可能なさらなる配位子は、均一有機金属化合物を用いる不斉触媒作用から当業者に公知である。
使用した試薬は、Fluka、Aldrich、またはMerckから入手したものであり、さらなる精製を行うことなく使用した。溶媒は、脱水された形態で取得し、いずれの場合にも、使用前に脱ガスしN2で飽和した。Cr-サレン錯体(1):(1R,2R)-(-)-[1,2-シクロヘキサンジアミノ-N,N'-ビス](3,5-ジ-t-ブチルサリチリデン)クロム(III)クロリドをStrem Chemicalsから入手した。ラセミ体プロピレンオキシド(PO)およびオクタカルボニルジコバルトは、Fluka製の市販品であり、さらなる精製を行うことなくカルボニル化に使用した。使用したCo(CO)4塩は、「単一容器合成」によりオクタカルボニルジコバルトから調製した。
Bruker計測器(AMX 400)を用いてNMRスペクトルを記録した。NMRシフト試薬(2):(S)-(+)-2,2,2-トリフルオロ-1-(9-アントリル)エタノール。
氷中かつアルゴン雰囲気下で冷却しながらCr-サレン錯体1(242mg, 0.39mmol)をrac-プロピレンオキシド(8ml, 320当量)中のNa[Co(CO)4](0.39mmol)に添加した。スチールオートクレーブ(100ml)に仕込むために、最初に減圧し、そして出発物質をアルゴンの向流下に導入した。溶液を導入した後、60〜65バールの一酸化炭素圧力に設定し、1/2時間かけて25℃でカルボニル化を行った(反応混合物は、最初に有意に昇温した)。氷中で冷却させ、周囲圧力まで圧力を低下させることにより、反応を停止させ、得られた反応溶液を分析した。反応溶液のNMRスペクトルから、β-ブチロラクトンへのエポキシドの転化率は約25%であることがわかった。過剰のプロピレンオキシドを除去した後、残存するブチロラクトンをNMRシフト試薬(3)と混合し、CCl4/ベンゼン(9:1)の混合物中でNMRスペクトルを記録した。生成物は、約8%のeeでS-β-ブチロラクトンが富化されていた。
Na[Co(CO)4](0.51mmol)をrac-プロピレンオキシド(65ml, 1800当量)と共にスチールオートクレーブ(250ml)中に入れ、クライオスタットにより10℃に設定する。アルゴンの向流中にCr-サレン錯体2(322mg, 0.51mmol)を添加した後、60〜65バールの一酸化炭素圧力に設定する。最初に混合物を10℃で10分間攪拌し、その後で4時間かけて50℃でカルボニル化を行う。0℃まで冷却させ、周囲圧力まで圧力を低下させることにより、反応を停止させ、得られた反応溶液を分析した。反応溶液のNMRスペクトルから、β-ブチロラクトンへのエポキシドの転化率は約7%であることがわかった。過剰のプロピレンオキシドを除去した後、残存するブチロラクトンをNMRシフト試薬(3)と混合し、CCl4/ベンゼン(9:1)の混合物中でNMRスペクトルを記録した。生成物は、約14%のeeでS-β-ブチロラクトンが富化されていた。
Al-サレン錯体(4):類似の化合物の文献記載の合成[Atwood, D.A.; Jeiger, J.A.; Rutherford, D. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 63-70]と同じようにして、対応するサレン配位子および(Et)2AlClから(1R,2R)-(-)-[1,2-シクロヘキサンジアミノ-N,N'-ビス(3,5-ジ-t-ブチルサリチリデン]アルミニウム(III)クロリドを調製した。
氷中かつアルゴン雰囲気下で冷却しながらAl-サレン錯体4(234mg, 0.39mmol)をrac-プロピレンオキシド(16ml, 640当量)中のNa[Co(CO)4](0.39mmol)に添加した。スチールオートクレーブ(100ml)に仕込むために、最初に減圧し、そして出発物質をアルゴンの向流下に導入した。溶液を導入した後、60〜65バールの一酸化炭素圧力に設定し、3時間かけて50℃でカルボニル化を行った。氷中で冷却させ、周囲圧力まで圧力を低下させることにより、反応を停止させ、得られた反応溶液を分析した。反応溶液のNMRスペクトルから、β-ブチロラクトンへのエポキシドの転化率は約11%であることがわかった。過剰のプロピレンオキシドを除去した後、残存するブチロラクトンをNMRシフト試薬(3)と混合し、CCl4/ベンゼン(9:1)の混合物中でNMRスペクトルを記録した。β-ブチロラクトンの一方のエナンチオマーの富化は見られない。
カルボニル化2で得られた反応混合物を蒸留装置中に導入する。POを大気圧で留去する。最初に残渣の揮発性部分を高真空(10-3〜10-4トール)中で留出させた。続いて、再濃縮された生成物を15mmHgの圧力下、60〜63℃で精製蒸留にかけた:ブチロラクトンの収量 = 2.4 g。1H NMR(CDCl3):δ= 1.53 (d, 3H), 3.08および3.57 (dd, 1H), 4.7 (m, 1H)。
ブチロラクトン(2.0g)およびテトラヘキシルアンモニウムアセテート(10.4mg)を室温で1週間保持した;この期間中に粘着性物質が形成された。反応混合物をメタノール中に導入することにより、粘着性相を分離させた。これを単離し乾燥させた:収量 = 369mgのポリヒドロキシブチレート(NMR)。
Claims (3)
- a) Li[Co(CO)4]、Na[Co(CO)4]、K[Co(CO)4]、Cs[Co(CO)4]、(R4N)[Co(CO)4]、(R4P)[Co(CO)4]、(R4As)[Co(CO)4]、(PPN)[Co(CO)4]、Li[Rh(CO)4]、Na[Rh(CO)4]、K[Rh(CO)4]、Cs[Rh(CO)4]、(R4N)[Rh(CO)4]、(R4P)[Rh(CO)4]、(R4As)[Rh(CO)4]、(PPN)[Rh(CO)4]、Li[Ir(CO)4]、Na[Ir(CO)4]、K[Ir(CO)4]、Cs[Ir(CO)4]、(R4N)[Ir(CO)4]、(RrP)[Ir(CO)4]、(R4As)[Ir(CO)4]、(PPN)[Ir(CO)4]、Li2[Fe(CO)4]、Na2[Fe(CO)4]、K2[Fe(CO)4]、Cs2[Fe(CO)4]、(R4N)2[Fe(CO)4]、(R4P)2[Fe(CO)4]、(R4As)2[Fe(CO)4]、(PPN)2[Fe(CO)4]、(PPN)[HFe(CO)4]、および(PPN)2[Fe2(CO)8 ](ここで、Rは、メチル、エチル、n-もしくはi-プロピル、n-、i-、もしくはt-ブチル、フェニル、またはベンジルである)よりなる群から選択される、少なくとも1種のカルボニル化触媒Aと、
b) (1R,2R)-(-)-[1,2-シクロヘキサンジアミノ-N,N'-ビス](3,5-ジ-t-ブチルサリチリデン) クロムのクロリドもしくはアセテートまたは1,2-ベンゼンジアミノ-N,N'-ビス(3,5-ジ-t-ブチルサリチリデン)クロム(III)クロリドから選択される、少なくとも1種のキラルなルイス酸Bと、
を含む触媒系を用いて、オキシランを接触カルボニル化することによりラクトンを調製する方法であって、該オキシランがエチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド、ブチレンオキシド、シクロペンテンオキシド、シクロヘキセンオキシド、シクロヘプテンオキシド、i-ブテンオキシドまたはスチレンオキシドから選択される、前記方法。 - [(salph)Al(THF)2][Co(CO)4]を除く、オキシランを接触カルボニル化することによりラクトンを調製するための、請求項1に定義されている触媒。
- 前記成分AおよびBを混合することにより請求項2に記載の触媒を調製する方法。
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