JP4532828B2 - ポリマー膜、その製法およびその使用 - Google Patents
ポリマー膜、その製法およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4532828B2 JP4532828B2 JP2002570329A JP2002570329A JP4532828B2 JP 4532828 B2 JP4532828 B2 JP 4532828B2 JP 2002570329 A JP2002570329 A JP 2002570329A JP 2002570329 A JP2002570329 A JP 2002570329A JP 4532828 B2 JP4532828 B2 JP 4532828B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0095—Drying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/62—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/18—Polybenzimidazoles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/22—Polybenzoxazoles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/103—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1046—Mixtures of at least one polymer and at least one additive
- H01M8/1048—Ion-conducting additives, e.g. ion-conducting particles, heteropolyacids, metal phosphate or polybenzimidazole with phosphoric acid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1086—After-treatment of the membrane other than by polymerisation
- H01M8/1088—Chemical modification, e.g. sulfonation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Description
ポリアゾ−ル系ポリマーを用いた高分子電解質膜は、第1に、高コストなガス処理またはガス精製工程を部分的に削減でき、第2に、膜−電極ユニットにおける触媒担持量を減少できる。これらのことは、大規模なPEM燃料電池システムとするためには不可欠な要件であって、さもないとPEM燃料電池システムのコストは著しく高くなってしまう。
従って、従来のポリアゾ−ル系ポリマー膜は、酸でドーピングした後の機械的諸性質が上記の用途には満足し得ないものであった。この機械的諸性質の不安定さは、低い弾性係数、低い引張強度、低い破壊靭性となって表れる。
A)ポリアゾール系ポリマーの、極性かつ非プロトン性有機溶媒溶液を用いてフィルムをキャスティングする工程、
B)工程A)で形成したフィルムを自己保持性を有するまで乾燥する工程、
C)工程B)で得たフィルムを、処理液を用いて、該処理液の沸点で処理して、該フィルム中の有機溶媒残存量を3.7重量%以下に減少する工程、
D)工程C)に従って処理したフィルムを、乾燥しおよび/または拭き取り、工程C)から該処理液を除去する工程、
E)工程D)に従って処理したフィルムを酸でドーピングする工程
からなる方法により得られる、プロトン伝導性ポリアゾール系ドープポリマー膜が提供される。
未処理のままのフィルムを85%濃度のH3PO4中に96時間置いた。このH3PO4ドーピングの前に、フィルムの水分含量および有機溶媒残存量をカールフィシャー(KF)滴定により求めた。フィルムの水分含量はメットラー−トレド装置を用い次のようにしてKF滴定により直接求めた。サンプルを密封ガラス容器中で250℃に加熱しその温度で乾燥する。このようにして生じたガスを、直接、密封滴定容器に導き、カールフィシャー(KF)試薬により分析する。水分含量とは別に、溶媒残存量を、乾燥前後の重量を測定することにより決定する。
フィルムを水中で1時間煮沸した。次いで、水浴を変えて、更に1時間煮沸した。その後、フィルムを新しい水ですすぎ、160℃で3時間乾燥した。処理したフィルムの水分含量および有機溶媒残存量をKF滴定により求めた。このフィルムを85%濃度のH3PO4中で96時間ドーピングして、膜を得た。
フィルムを水中で1時間煮沸した。次いで、水浴を変えて、更に1時間煮沸した。その後、フィルムを布で拭き取り、そのまま湿った状態で用いた。フィルムの水分含量および有機溶媒残存量をKF滴定により求めた。85%濃度のH3PO4中で96時間ドーピングして膜を得た。
フィルムをメタノール中に置き、2時間(メタノールが沸騰し始めてから2時間)還流下で煮沸した。フィルムを取り出し、大気中で1分間乾燥し、次いで、乾燥炉中で100℃、2時間、減圧下で乾燥した。フィルムの水分含量および有機溶媒残存量をKF滴定により求めた。85%濃度のH3PO4中で96時間ドーピングして膜を得た。
フィルムをアセトン中に置き、2時間(メタノールが沸騰し始めてから2時間)還流下で煮沸した。フィルムを大気中室温で1分間乾燥し、次いで、乾燥炉中で100℃、2時間、減圧下で乾燥した。フィルムの水分含量および有機溶媒残存量をKF滴定により求めた。85%濃度のH3PO4中で96時間ドーピングして膜を得た。
Claims (9)
- A)ポリアゾール系ポリマーの、極性かつ非プロトン性有機溶媒溶液を用いてフィルムをキャスティングする工程、
B)工程A)で形成したフィルムを自己保持性を有するまで乾燥する工程、
C)工程B)で得たフィルムを、処理液を用いて、該処理液の沸点で処理して、該フィルム中の有機溶媒残存量を3.7重量%以下に減少する工程、
D)工程C)に従って処理したフィルムを、乾燥しおよび/または拭き取り、工程C)から該処理液を除去する工程、
E)工程D)に従って処理したフィルムを酸でドーピングする工程
からなる方法により得られる、プロトン伝導性ポリアゾール系ドープポリマー膜。 - 処理液が、アルコール、ケトン及び水からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の溶媒である、請求項1に記載のポリマー膜
- ポリアゾール系ポリマーが式(I)および/または(II)で表される繰り返しアゾール単位からなる請求項1に記載のポリマー膜
- 繰り返しアゾール単位からなるポリマーが、式(I)および/または(II)の少なくとも2つの互いに異なる単位からなる共重合体である、請求項3に記載のポリマー膜。
- ポリアゾールが、式(I)および/または(II)の単位からのみなる、請求項3に記載のポリマー膜。
- ドーピングをポリマーの繰り返し単位1モルあたり、酸のモル数で3〜15モルの範囲で行う、請求項1に記載のポリマー膜。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の少なくとも1つのポリマー膜と、少なくとも1つの電極からなる膜−電極ユニット。
- 請求項8に記載の少なくとも1つの膜−電極ユニットからなる高分子電解質燃料電池。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10109829A DE10109829A1 (de) | 2001-03-01 | 2001-03-01 | Polymermembran, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
PCT/EP2002/002216 WO2002071518A1 (de) | 2001-03-01 | 2002-03-01 | Polymermembran, verfahren zu deren herstellung sowie deren verwendung |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2005512271A JP2005512271A (ja) | 2005-04-28 |
JP2005512271A5 JP2005512271A5 (ja) | 2008-03-13 |
JP4532828B2 true JP4532828B2 (ja) | 2010-08-25 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2002570329A Expired - Fee Related JP4532828B2 (ja) | 2001-03-01 | 2002-03-01 | ポリマー膜、その製法およびその使用 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (3) | US20040247974A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1368845A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4532828B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100367552C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2439541A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE10109829A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002071518A1 (ja) |
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US4927909A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1990-05-22 | Hoechst Celanese Corp. | Fabrication of high performance polybenzimidazole films |
US4842740A (en) * | 1988-08-05 | 1989-06-27 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Membranes prepared from blend of polybenzimidazole with polyarylates |
US5403675A (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1995-04-04 | Maxdem, Incorporated | Sulfonated polymers for solid polymer electrolytes |
US5599639A (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 1997-02-04 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Acid-modified polybenzimidazole fuel cell elements |
JP3607004B2 (ja) | 1996-07-05 | 2005-01-05 | クラリアント インターナショナル リミテッド | ポリベンゾイミダゾール系化合物の溶液およびその製法 |
BR9712247A (pt) * | 1996-10-01 | 1999-08-24 | Hoechst Ag | Processo par produzir filmes polim-ricos para uso como c-lulas de combust¡vel |
JP4398522B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-22 | 2010-01-13 | バスフ・ヒュエル・セル・ゲーエムベーハー | 燃料電池用高分子電解質膜の製造方法及び燃料電池 |
GB9828204D0 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 1999-02-17 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Process |
JP2000195528A (ja) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Aventis Res & Technol Gmbh & Co Kg | 高分子電解質膜の製造方法及び燃料電池 |
JP2000281819A (ja) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-10-10 | Aventis Res & Technol Gmbh & Co Kg | 架橋高分子膜の製造方法及び燃料電池 |
JP3968625B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-13 | 2007-08-29 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | ホスホン酸含有ポリアゾール |
DE10109829A1 (de) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-05 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Polymermembran, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
DE10129458A1 (de) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-02 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Verbesserte Polymerfolien auf Basis von Polyazolen |
US6645293B2 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-11-11 | Illinois Institute Of Technology | Molecular crystals of controlled size |
-
2001
- 2001-03-01 DE DE10109829A patent/DE10109829A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2002
- 2002-03-01 JP JP2002570329A patent/JP4532828B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-03-01 CA CA002439541A patent/CA2439541A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-03-01 WO PCT/EP2002/002216 patent/WO2002071518A1/de active Application Filing
- 2002-03-01 EP EP02748325A patent/EP1368845A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-03-01 US US10/468,385 patent/US20040247974A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-03-01 CN CNB028057899A patent/CN100367552C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-10-31 US US11/931,734 patent/US20080280182A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2010
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002071518A1 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
DE10109829A1 (de) | 2002-09-05 |
JP2005512271A (ja) | 2005-04-28 |
US20080280182A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
CN1494745A (zh) | 2004-05-05 |
US8168105B2 (en) | 2012-05-01 |
EP1368845A1 (de) | 2003-12-10 |
CA2439541A1 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
US20040247974A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
CN100367552C (zh) | 2008-02-06 |
US20100164148A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
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