JP4368687B2 - 低曲げ損失の光ファイバ及びこれにより製作される構成要素 - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
- G02B6/2835—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals formed or shaped by thermal treatment, e.g. couplers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
- G02B6/0286—Combination of graded index in the central core segment and a graded index layer external to the central core segment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03605—Highest refractive index not on central axis
- G02B6/03611—Highest index adjacent to central axis region, e.g. annular core, coaxial ring, centreline depression affecting waveguiding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03622—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03622—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
- G02B6/03633—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only arranged - -
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
- G02B6/0365—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only arranged - - +
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
- G02B6/02333—Core having higher refractive index than cladding, e.g. solid core, effective index guiding
Description
以下の定義が当業者において一般的に用いられている。
Δ(b)=Δ(b0)(1−[|b−b0|/(b1−b0)]α)
ここにおいて、b0はΔ(b)が最大となる点であり、b1はΔ(b)%がゼロとなる点であり、bはbi≦b≦bfの範囲内にある。ここにおいてデルタは上記にて定義され、biはα−プロフィールの始点であり、bfはα−プロフィールの終点であり、αは実数の指数である。デルタは通常パーセントで表される。
本発明の光ファイバが標準OVD工程を用いて作成された。デルタと半径との関係を示す曲線が図9に示されている。光ファイバの酸化ゲルマニウム、フッ素及び塩素濃度プロフィールを示すグラフが図10に与えられている。この光ファイバは以下のパラメータを有する。
[GeO2]1 = 16.6%
中心線[F] = 0.2%
r1 = 2.5μm
Δ2a = 0.08%
[GeO2]2a = 6%
r2a = 5μm
Δ2b = −0.04%
[F]2 = 0.9%
r2b = 7μm
コーティングされていないファイバ半径=125μm
この光ファイバは、更に、コアの中心領域及びクラッドに約0.1wt%の塩素を含んでいる。
波長1550 nmにおけるモードフィールド直径 : 6.5mm
カットオフ波長: 955±5 nm
波長980 nmにおける減衰 : 1.89dB/km
波長1550 nmにおける減衰 : 0.35dB/km
10mm直径の心棒の回りを5回巻き付けた際の減衰の増加: 3.8dB
20mm直径の心棒の回りを5回巻き付けた際の減衰の増加: <0.05dB
実験例2
実験例1のファイバ及びカプラの製造に一般的に用いられる市販されている光ファイバにファイバプルテストを行った。ファイバプルテストは図11に概略で示されている装置を用いて行われた。市販されている融着型バイコニカルテーパカプラ製造(FBT)ベンチ50(グローブ・マニファクチャリング社(Globe Manufacturing Co.)のGBY-40)に12mm直径の反転ボウルバーナ52が備わっている。光ファイバ54がFBTベンチ50の引張り機構に配置され、光ファイバの一端が1200nm乃至1600nmで操作されるHPブロードバンドLED源56に結合される。光ファイバの他端はアンドウ(ANDO)光学スペクトラムアナライザ58に結合される。150mL/minの水素を大気から得られる酸素を用いてバーナによって燃焼することによって火炎を発生させる。光ファイバが火炎の最も熱い部分に設置され、6秒間予熱され、その後、最大速度125μm/sまで加速度50μm/s2によって合計距離20mmを引っ張る。引張り後、ファイバは火炎内で1秒間加熱される。種々の光ファイバの引っ張られたファイバの損失と波長との関係が図12に示されている。平均ファイバプルテスト損失は、1520mn乃至1550nmの波長範囲に亘って平均であり、最大ファイバプルテスト損失は、1520nm乃至1550nmの波長範囲に亘って観察された最大の損失である。
Claims (5)
- 波長を有する光学信号の伝搬用であり、中心線を有する光ファイバであって、前記光ファイバは、
コアと、
前記コアを囲むクラッド層と、からなり、
前記コアは前記光ファイバの前記中心線周りに配置された中心領域を含み、前記中心領域は半径r1と、約0.4%と約1.5%との間の最大デルタΔ1と、屈折率プロファイルと、約8wt%と約30wt%との間の最大酸化ゲルマニウム濃度[GeO2]1と、酸化ゲルマニウム濃度プロファイルとを有し、
前記コアは前記中心領域を囲む環状領域を含み、前記環状領域は、外側半径r2と、最大Δ2MAXと、約−0.1%と約0.05%との間の最小デルタΔ2と、屈折率プロファイルと、約2wt%と約22wt%との間の最大酸化ゲルマニウム濃度[GeO2]2と、酸化ゲルマニウム濃度プロファイルと、約0.5wt%と約3.5wt%との間の最大フッ素濃度[F]2と、フッ素濃度プロファイルとを有し、
前記クラッド層はΔ2MAXより小なる屈折率Δcを有し、
前記光ファイバは、20mm心棒の周りを5回巻き付けた際に1560nmにおいて曲げ損失が0.5dBより少なく、1530nm乃至1550nmの波長範囲においてファイバプルテスト損失が0.1dBより少なく、
前記光ファイバは、直径が8.2mmでありコアデルタが0.36%であるゲルマニウムドープされたシリカガラスコア及びシリカガラスクラッドを有するステップインデックスシングルモードファイバに0.13dBより少ない接続損失で接続することが可能であり、且つ
前記光ファイバの減衰は980nmにおいて2dB/kmより小であり、1560nmにおいて1dB/kmより小であることを特徴とする光ファイバ。 - 前記環状領域は内側サブ領域と外側サブ領域とを有し、
前記内側サブ領域は前記中心領域を囲み、前記内側サブ領域は外側半径r2aと、約0%と約0.2%との間の最大デルタΔ2aと、約2wt%と約20wt%との間の最大酸化ゲルマニウム濃度[GeO2]2aとを有し、
前記外側サブ領域は前記内側サブ領域を囲み、且つ、前記クラッド層に囲まれ、前記外側サブ領域は外側半径r2bと、約−0.1%と約0%との間の最小デルタΔ2bとを有し、
Δ2a>Δ2bであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の光ファイバ。 - 前記クラッドは平均屈折率ncを有し、
前記コアは、
半径r1と、約0.4%と約1.5%との間の最大デルタΔ1と、約1と約10との間のαを有する屈折率α−プロファイルと、約8wt%と約30wt%との間の最大酸化ゲルマニウム濃度[GeO2]1と、酸化ゲルマニウム濃度プロファイルとを有する中心領域と、
約2wt%と約22wt%との間の最大酸化ゲルマニウム濃度[GeO2]2と、約0.5wt%と約3.5wt%との間の最大フッ素濃度[F]2とを有し、内側サブ領域及び外側サブ領域を有する環状領域と、を含み、
前記内側サブ領域は前記中心領域を囲み、前記内側サブ領域は半径r2aと、約0%と約0.2%との間の最大デルタΔ2aと、約1と約10との間のαを有する屈折率α−プロファイルと、を有し、
前記外側サブ領域は前記内側サブ領域を囲み、且つ、前記クラッド層に囲まれ、前記環状領域は半径r2bと、約−0.1%と約0%との間の最小デルタΔ2bと、屈折率プロファイルとを有し、
Δ2a>Δ2bであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の光ファイバ。 - 前記光ファイバの中心線に沿った前記フッ素濃度は約0.5wt%より少ないことを特徴とする請求項3記載の光ファイバ。
- 前記クラッドは平均屈折率ncを有し、
前記コアは、
半径r1と、約0.7%と約1.2%との間の最大デルタΔ1と、約1と約10との間のαを有する屈折率α−プロファイルと、約14wt%と約24wt%との間の最大酸化ゲルマニウム濃度[GeO2]1と、酸化ゲルマニウム濃度プロファイルとを有する中心領域と、
約3.5wt%と約12wt%との間の最大酸化ゲルマニウム濃度[GeO2]2と、約0.7wt%と約1.2wt%との間の最大フッ素濃度[F]2とを有し、内側サブ領域及び外側サブ領域を有する環状領域と、を含むものであって、
前記内側サブ領域は前記中心領域を囲み、前記内側サブ領域は半径r2aと、約0%と約0.2%との間の最大デルタΔ2aと、約1と約10との間のαを有する屈折率α−プロファイルとを有し、
前記外側サブ領域は前記内側サブ領域を囲み、且つ、前記クラッド層に囲まれ、前記環状領域は半径r2bと、約−0.1%と約0%との間の最小デルタΔ2bと、屈折率プロファイルとを有し、
Δ2a>Δ2bであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の光ファイバ。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10351202A | 2002-03-20 | 2002-03-20 | |
US10/315,287 US6771865B2 (en) | 2002-03-20 | 2002-12-09 | Low bend loss optical fiber and components made therefrom |
PCT/US2003/007537 WO2003081301A1 (en) | 2002-03-20 | 2003-03-13 | Low bend loss optical fiber and components made therefrom |
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JP2005521093A JP2005521093A (ja) | 2005-07-14 |
JP4368687B2 true JP4368687B2 (ja) | 2009-11-18 |
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US (1) | US6771865B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1488261B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4368687B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003081301A1 (ja) |
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EP1488261A4 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
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US6771865B2 (en) | 2004-08-03 |
EP1488261A1 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
US20030223717A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
WO2003081301A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
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