JP4276085B2 - ウェハーパッケージング用のアンダーフィル封入材及びその塗布方法 - Google Patents
ウェハーパッケージング用のアンダーフィル封入材及びその塗布方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4276085B2 JP4276085B2 JP2003573694A JP2003573694A JP4276085B2 JP 4276085 B2 JP4276085 B2 JP 4276085B2 JP 2003573694 A JP2003573694 A JP 2003573694A JP 2003573694 A JP2003573694 A JP 2003573694A JP 4276085 B2 JP4276085 B2 JP 4276085B2
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- Prior art keywords
- encapsulant
- underfill
- stage
- anhydride
- imidazole
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
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- C08G59/5046—Amines heterocyclic
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- C08G59/68—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used
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- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
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Description
特定のケースにおいては、相互接続を容易にするため基板上に直接充填液体硬化性フラックス処理材料を提供することが有用でありうる。
当該ウェハーレベルアンダーフィル組成物の中で使用するのに適したエポキシ樹脂の例としては、ビスフェノールA及びビスフェノールFの単官能及び多官能グリシジルエーテル;脂肪族及び芳香族エポキシ、飽和及び不飽和エポキシ又は、脂環式エポキシ樹脂又はそれらの組合せを内含する。脂肪族エポキシとしては、フレックスエポキシ1がある。
例1.
表1に提示されているように、5つのアンダーフィル封入材組成物が処方された。各処方を作製するためには、まず最初にエポキシを加熱下で溶剤中に溶解させた。処方1にあるようにフラックス剤としてクリーンロジンを使用する場合、この第1段階中にこれを添加し、均質なエポキシ-溶剤-ロジン混合物が形成するまで加熱した。添加されるロジンは、まず第1にクリーンロジンゴムを形成するように処理しなければならない。この処理は、「クリーン」フラックス剤を形成するようにあらゆる不純物を追い出すべく真空オーブン内で市販のロジンを加熱することから成る。一方、処方2〜5のようにCorfree M2をフラックス処理試薬として用いる場合には、エポキシ-溶剤混合物を室温まで冷却させた後に初めてそれを添加する。残りの成分(触媒、湿潤剤、及び消泡剤)も、エポキシ-溶剤又はエポキシ-溶剤-ロジン材料を室温まで冷却させた後に添加する。その後、材料を徹底的に混合し、室温で真空処理してアンダーフィルを脱ガスする。
2.共にAldrich Chemical製である、標本1〜4用の溶剤 BLO(γ-ブチロラクトン)及び標本5用のPGMEA(プロピレングリコールメチルエーテルアセテート)
3.標本1についてはフラックス剤クリーンロジン(不純物を除去するため加熱下で真空処理済み);標本2〜5についてはCorfree M2。
4.触媒はイミダゾール無水物アダクトである。
5.湿潤剤は、United Technologies製のG6715,3-グリシドキシプロピルペンタメチルジシロキサンである。
6.標本1については、消泡剤BYK A500(Chemie)、標本2についてはフタロブルー(Plasticolors)、そして標本3〜5についてはAgitan731(Ultra Additives)。
適切なBステージ処理条件を見い出すためには、2つの基準が望まれる。これらの基準とは、Bステージの後、材料は非粘着性で、かつ未硬化でなくてはならない。これらの基準が満たされたか否かをテストするため、8枚のガラススライドに20ミルのはんだ玉を隆起させた。約20ミルの表1に列挙されている処方1を次にガラススライド上にステンシル印刷した。各スライドをその後130℃のオーブン内に入れた。次に各スライドをオーブン内で異なる時間(30、40、50、60、70、80、90又は100分)Bステージ処理した。
Bステージ処理されたアンダーフィルのための適正なTgは非常に重要である。ウェハーをダイスカットするために使用されるようなダイヤモンドソーは、約50〜95℃の範囲内のTgを有する材料をきれいにカットすることができる。Tgが標的範囲よりもはるかに高い場合、亀裂が生じてBステージ処理済みアンダーフィルをウェハーから破断させる可能性がある。Tgが50℃未満である場合、フィルムはダイスカット中に粘りを生じ、ダイヤモンドソーに粘着する可能性がある。低いTgで複数の処方が作られ、表4には考察事実が示されている。温度は5℃/分の速度で上昇させ、各標本のTgsをTA分析プログラムを用いてTAInstruments熱機械分析装置によって測定した。処方A及びBは、表1中の処方と同様に作られている。これらの処方では、低いTgの樹脂を使用した(処方Aは、EPON1001とマレイミドの混合物から成り、処方Bは、EPON1001とメタクリル酸グリシダルから成る)。表4は、同様に、表1の5つの標本のTgを例示している。これら5つの標本のTgは、ダイスカット可能な範囲(50〜90℃)内に入り、ダイスカット可能であることがわかった。
複数の異なるエポキシ樹脂/フラックス剤 混合物の粘度を測定した。90重量%のエポキシ樹脂(Z=EPON1001、Y=EPON1002、X=EPON1004、W=EPON1007及びV=EPON1009)及び10%のフラックス剤 PSPA(ポリ無水ポリセバシン酸)を混合することによって、混合物Z、Y、X、W及びVを各々作製した。各々直径20ミルの3つのはんだ玉を5つの別々の銅基板上に設置した。混合物のうちの1つを、各基板上ではんだ玉の上面に印刷した。印刷された各基板を、まず2分間150℃、次に直ちに1分間190℃まで加熱させた。はんだの考察事実は表5に示されている。同じく表5には、各混合物の粘度も報告されている。100ラド/秒の周波数でReomectric Scientific Instrumentの単一点分析を使用して、190℃の5%ひずみ温度及び50mmに平行板を用いて各々の粘度を決定した。
フラックス処理が起こる程度は、はんだ玉の半径の変化によって測定可能である。さまざまなフラックス剤を含むはんだ玉の半径を測定し、その結果を表6に示す。
Claims (30)
- 半導体ウェハー上に平滑な非粘着性の表面を生成するべくB-ステージプロセス中に凝固する、Bステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材であって、該封入材が、
a )熱硬化性樹脂;
b )イミダゾール - 無水物アダクト;
c )少なくとも 1 つの溶剤;及び
d ) 1 または複数のフラックス剤
を含んで成る、 B ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。 - e)湿潤剤、消泡剤及びその混合物を含む群から選択された1または複数の添加剤、
を更に含んで成る、請求項1に記載のBステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。 - 前記エポキシ樹脂が、3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル-3,4-エポキシシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、ビニルシクロヘキセンジオキシド、3,4-エポキシ-6-メチルシクロヘキシルメチル-3,4-エポキシシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、ジシクロペンタジエンジオキシド、ビスフェノールA樹脂、ビスフェノールFタイプ樹脂、エポキシノボラック樹脂、ポリ(フェニルグリシジルエーテル)-コ-ホルムアルデヒド、ビフェニル型エポキシ樹脂、ジシクロペンタジエン-フェノールエポキシ樹脂、ナフタレンエポキシ樹脂、エポキシ官能ブタジエンアクリロニトリル共重合体、エポキシ官能ポリジメチルシロキサン及びそれらの混合物を含む群から選択される、請求項3に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記エポキシ樹脂が封入材の 20重量%〜 90重量%の範囲を構成する、請求項4に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記エポキシ樹脂が封入材の 20重量%〜 80重量%の範囲を構成する、請求項5に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記イミダゾール-無水物アダクトが、ピロメリット酸2無水物、メチルヘキサヒドロフタル酸無水物、メチルヘキサ-ヒドロフタル酸無水物、メチルテトラ-ヒドロフタル酸無水物、ナディックメチル無水物、ヘキサ-ヒドロフタル酸無水物、テトラ-ヒドロフタル酸無水物、ドデシルコハク酸無水物、無水フタル酸、ビフェニル2無水物、ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸2無水物、1-シアノエチル-2-エチル-4-メチル-イミダゾール、アルキル-置換イミダゾール、トリフェニルフォスフィン、ホウ酸オニウム、非-N-置換イミダゾール、1,2,4,5-ベンゼンテトラカルボン酸2無水物、2-フェニル-4-メチルイミダゾール、2-エチル-4-メチル-イミダゾール、2-フェニルイミダゾール、イミダゾール、N-置換イミダゾール及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されたイミダゾールと無水物とのアダクトを含んで成る、請求項1に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記イミダゾール - 無水物アダクトが2-フェニル-4-メチルイミダゾールとピロメリット酸2無水物とのアダクトを含む、請求項7に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記イミダゾール - 無水物アダクトが、1モル部の1,2,4,5-ベンゼンテトラカルボン酸2無水物及び2モル部の2-フェニル-4-メチルイミダゾールの組合わせによって合成される、請求項8に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記イミダゾール - 無水物アダクトが、封入材の 0.01重量%〜 10重量%を構成する、請求項7に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記イミダゾール - 無水物アダクトが、封入材の 0.1重量%〜 5重量%の範囲を構成する、請求項10に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記少なくとも1つの溶剤が、安定していて組成物中でエポキシ樹脂を溶解させる溶剤を含む群から選択される、請求項1に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記少なくとも1つの溶剤が、ケトン、エステル、アルコール、エーテル、γ-ブチロラクトン及びプロピレングリコールメチルエチルアセテート(PGMEA)及びそれらの混合物を含む群から選択される、請求項12に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記少なくとも1つの溶剤が、γ-ブチロラクトン、プロピレングリコールメチルエチルアセテート(PGMEA)及びそれらの混合物を含む群から選択される、請求項13に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記溶剤が、封入材の最高 80重量%を構成する、請求項12に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記少なくとも1つのフラックス剤が、カルボン酸、ロジンガム、ドデカンジオン酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、ポリセバシン酸ポリ無水物、マレイン酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、アルコール、ヒドロキシル酸及びヒドロキシル塩基、ポリオール、及びそれらの混合物から成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記ポリオールが、エチレングリコール、グリセロール、 3-[ ビス(グリシジルオキシメチル)メトキシ ]-1,2- プロパンジオール、 D- リボース、 D- セロビオース、セルロース、または 3- シクロヘキセン -1,1- ジメタノールである、請求項 16 に記載の B ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記少なくとも1つのフラックス剤が、ロジンガム、ドデカンジオン酸、アジピン酸又はそれらの混合物を含んで成る、請求項16に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記少なくとも1つのフラック剤が、封入剤の 0.5重量%〜 20重量%の範囲を構成する、請求項16に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記少なくとも1つのフラックス剤が、封入剤の 1重量%〜 10重量%の範囲を構成する、請求項19に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- 前記アンダーフィル封入材が、個々のチップへとダイスカットされる前に、半導体ウェハーに塗布されB-ステージ処理される、請求項1に記載のB ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル封入材。
- ウェハーの片面上に被着したBステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル組成物を有するシリコンウェハーにおいて、前記Bステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル組成物が、
a)熱硬化性樹脂;
b)イミダゾール-無水物アダクト;
c)少なくとも1つの溶剤;及び
d)1または複数のフラックス剤
を含んで成るシリコンウェハー。 - 前記 B ステージ対応可能なアンダーフィル組成物が、
e )湿潤剤、消泡剤、及びその混合物を含む群から選択された 1 または複数の添加剤、
を更に含んで成る、請求項 22 に記載のシリコンウェハー。 - a)半導体ウェハーに対して請求項1に記載の封入材を塗布する段階;
b)前記封入材が平滑で非粘着性コーティングへと凝固するように、半導体ウェハー上の前記封入材をBステージ処理する段階;及び
c)個々のシリコンチップへと半導体ウェハーをダイスカットする段階;
を含んで成る1または複数のシリコンチップの調製方法。 - 前記封入材をスピンコーティング、スクリーン印刷又はステンシル印刷により半導体ウェハーに塗布する、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 電子パッケージを調製する方法において、
a)半導体ウェハーに対して請求項1に記載の封入材を塗布する段階;
b)前記封入材が平滑で非粘着性コーティングへと凝固するように、半導体ウェハー上の前記封入材をBステージ処理する段階;
c)各チップの第1の側面が前記封入材でコーティングされている状態で、多数のシリコンチップへと半導体ウェハーをダイスカットする段階;
d)シリコンチップの第1の側面が基板に隣接するように基板上に1または複数のシリコンチップを設置する段階;及び
e)1または複数のシリコンチップ及び基板を、その間に相互接続を形成するのに充分な温度まで加熱する段階;
を含んで成る方法。 - シリコンチップが基板上に設置される前に基板上に未充填液体硬化性フラックス材料を設置する追加の段階を含んで成る、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記未充填液体硬化性フラックス材料が、
a)熱硬化性エポキシ樹脂;
b)イミダゾール - 無水物アダクト;及び
c)少なくとも1つのフラックス剤、
を含んで成る、請求項27に記載の方法。 - 前記イミダゾール - 無水物アダクトが、ピロメリット酸2無水物、メチルヘキサ-ヒドロフタル酸無水物、メチルテトラ-ヒドロフタル酸無水物、ナディックメチル無水物、ヘキサ-ヒドロフタル酸無水物、テトラ-ヒドロフタル酸無水物、ドデシルコハク酸無水物、無水フタル酸、ビフェニル2無水物、ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸2無水物、1-シアノエチル-2-エチル-4-メチル-イミダゾール、アルキル-置換イミダゾール、トリフェニルフォスフィン、ホウ酸オニウム、非-N-置換イミダゾール、2-フェニル-4-メチルイミダゾール、2-エチル-4-メチル-イミダゾール、2-フェニルイミダゾール、イミダゾール、N-置換イミダゾールを含む群から選択されたイミダゾールと無水物のアダクトを含んで成る、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記イミダゾール - 無水物アダクトが、2-フェニル-4-メチルイミダゾールとピロメリット酸2無水物とのアダクトを含む、請求項29に記載の方法。
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CN104804692A (zh) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-07-29 | 南京信息工程大学 | 一种双组份铝质金属耐腐蚀修补剂及其制备方法 |
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JPH04248827A (ja) | 1991-01-08 | 1992-09-04 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 封止用エポキシ樹脂成形材料 |
JPH07224153A (ja) | 1994-02-14 | 1995-08-22 | Tonen Corp | エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤 |
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US20030162911A1 (en) | 2002-01-31 | 2003-08-28 | Yue Xiao | No flow underfill composition |
US20030164555A1 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-04 | Tong Quinn K. | B-stageable underfill encapsulant and method for its application |
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- 2003-02-10 CN CNB038099160A patent/CN100342511C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN100342511C (zh) | 2007-10-10 |
AU2003212987A1 (en) | 2003-09-16 |
WO2003075338A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 |
JP2005519168A (ja) | 2005-06-30 |
US7037399B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 |
KR20040093085A (ko) | 2004-11-04 |
CN1650412A (zh) | 2005-08-03 |
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