JP4250525B2 - 分離拡散金属膜とその製造方法 - Google Patents
分離拡散金属膜とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- -1 palladium metal complex Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 60
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007849 functional defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0083—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
- B01D71/0223—Group 8, 9 or 10 metals
- B01D71/02231—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
- B01D71/0223—Group 8, 9 or 10 metals
- B01D71/02232—Nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
- C01B3/503—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion characterised by the membrane
- C01B3/505—Membranes containing palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/23—Specific membrane protectors, e.g. sleeves or screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/08—Specific temperatures applied
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/04—Characteristic thickness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0405—Purification by membrane separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S55/00—Gas separation
- Y10S55/05—Methods of making filter
Description
本発明の目的は、請求項1に記載の分離拡散金属膜および請求項11に記載の方法を用いることで解決される。この膜および方法の有利な実施形態は従属項の課題である。
a)膜表面での可逆的なH2の分離的化学吸着工程と、
b)濃度勾配の駆動力による金属中への水素原子の容積拡散(volume diffusion)工程と、
c)反対表面での水素原子から分子への再結合と脱着工程と、
を有する分離−拡散(solution−diffusion)メカニズムによって特徴づけられる。
2 中間層
3 金属膜層
4 マクロポア
5 ゾル粒子
6 金属塩
Claims (12)
- マクロポーラスな基体の上に薄い金属膜層(3)が形成されている分離拡散金属膜であって、
前記基体が中空繊維(1)であり、
前記薄い金属膜層(3)はパラジウムまたはパラジウム合金によって形成されており、
前記中空繊維(1)と前記薄い金属膜層(3)との間に、パラジウム金属材料を含む均質な中間層(2)が形成されており、
前記均質な中間層(2)は、前記中空繊維(1)上へパラジウム金属錯体で修飾されたベーマイト・ゾルを塗布し、続いて焼成した後、不動態化することにより形成されており、続く前記薄い金属膜層(3)の無流れ沈積による形成のためのパラジウム核を含むことを特徴とする分離拡散金属膜。 - 前記薄い金属膜層(3)が0.1〜10μmの範囲の層厚をもつことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の分離拡散金属膜。
- 前記薄い金属膜層(3)が0.7〜1μmの範囲の層厚をもつことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の分離拡散金属膜。
- 前記均質な中間層(2)が1〜10μmの範囲の層厚をもつことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の分離拡散金属膜。
- 前記均質な中間層(2)が2〜3μmの範囲の層厚をもつことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の分離拡散金属膜。
- 前記均質な中間層(2)がゾルの粒子で形成されており、前記粒子が前記薄い金属膜層(3)の金属の塩で被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の分離拡散金属膜。
- 前記中空繊維(1)が、80〜1500μmの範囲の外径と、10〜200μmの範囲の壁厚と、0.2μmの平均孔径とをもつことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の分離拡散金属膜。
- 前記中空繊維(1)がセラミック材料で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の分離拡散金属膜。
- 前記中空繊維(1)が金属材料で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の分離拡散金属膜。
- 請求項1乃至請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の分離拡散金属膜を製造するための方法であって、
1つまたは多数のマクロポーラスな中空繊維(1)を供給する工程と、
前記中空繊維(1)上に均質な中間層(2)を塗布する工程であって、前記中間層(2)が、次に続く薄い金属膜層(3)が無流れ沈積により形成するための金属核を含んでいる工程と、
前記中間層(2)を不動態化する工程と、
無流れ沈積によって前記薄い金属膜層(3)を形成する工程と、
を有し、
前記金属膜層(3)はパラジウムまたはパラジウム合金によって形成されており、
前記均質な中間層(2)を塗布する工程では、前記中空繊維(1)上にパラジウム金属錯体で修飾されたベーマイト・ゾルを塗布し、続いて焼成することを特徴とする方法。 - 前記均質な中間層(2)を塗布する工程は、前記中空繊維(1)の内部を真空にしながら浸漬コーティングプロセスを使用して行われることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記不動態化する工程は、前記均質な中間層(2)上に水素を流すことによって行われることを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10135390A DE10135390A1 (de) | 2001-07-25 | 2001-07-25 | Metallische Lösungs-Diffusions-Membran sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung |
PCT/DE2002/002415 WO2003011433A1 (de) | 2001-07-25 | 2002-07-03 | Metallische lösungs-diffusions-membran sowie verfahren zur herstellung |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2004535928A JP2004535928A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
JP2004535928A5 JP2004535928A5 (ja) | 2008-12-04 |
JP4250525B2 true JP4250525B2 (ja) | 2009-04-08 |
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JP2003516660A Expired - Fee Related JP4250525B2 (ja) | 2001-07-25 | 2002-07-03 | 分離拡散金属膜とその製造方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6964697B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1427511B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4250525B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE342760T1 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE10135390A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003011433A1 (ja) |
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KR0158431B1 (ko) * | 1995-06-23 | 1998-11-16 | 윤덕용 | 수소분리용 무기재료막의 제조방법 |
US6461408B2 (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 2002-10-08 | Robert E. Buxbaum | Hydrogen generator |
US6152987A (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2000-11-28 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Hydrogen gas-extraction module and method of fabrication |
DE19843306C2 (de) * | 1998-09-22 | 2001-06-28 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer rohrförmigen Wasserstoffpermeationsmembran |
US6214090B1 (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-04-10 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Thermally tolerant multilayer metal membrane |
DE10039596C2 (de) * | 2000-08-12 | 2003-03-27 | Omg Ag & Co Kg | Geträgerte Metallmembran, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung |
JP3882567B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-24 | 2007-02-21 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 物質分離構造体 |
US6641647B2 (en) * | 2000-12-05 | 2003-11-04 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Hydrogen-permeable structure and method of manufacturing the same |
KR20030001425A (ko) * | 2001-02-16 | 2003-01-06 | 스미토모덴키고교가부시키가이샤 | 수소 투과 구조체 및 그의 제조 방법, 보수 방법 |
US7001446B2 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2006-02-21 | Eltron Research, Inc. | Dense, layered membranes for hydrogen separation |
WO2003076050A1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-18 | Eltron Research, Inc. | Hydrogen transport membranes |
DE10222568B4 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2007-02-08 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh | Kompositmembran und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
-
2001
- 2001-07-25 DE DE10135390A patent/DE10135390A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-07-03 DE DE50208511T patent/DE50208511D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-03 US US10/484,774 patent/US6964697B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-03 AT AT02750819T patent/ATE342760T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-03 EP EP02750819A patent/EP1427511B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-03 WO PCT/DE2002/002415 patent/WO2003011433A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2002-07-03 JP JP2003516660A patent/JP4250525B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10135390A1 (de) | 2003-02-20 |
US6964697B2 (en) | 2005-11-15 |
WO2003011433A1 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
JP2004535928A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
EP1427511B1 (de) | 2006-10-18 |
DE50208511D1 (de) | 2006-11-30 |
EP1427511A1 (de) | 2004-06-16 |
US20050011359A1 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
ATE342760T1 (de) | 2006-11-15 |
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