JP4149510B2 - 水素生成装置及びそれを備える燃料電池システム - Google Patents
水素生成装置及びそれを備える燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP4149510B2 JP4149510B2 JP2008506881A JP2008506881A JP4149510B2 JP 4149510 B2 JP4149510 B2 JP 4149510B2 JP 2008506881 A JP2008506881 A JP 2008506881A JP 2008506881 A JP2008506881 A JP 2008506881A JP 4149510 B2 JP4149510 B2 JP 4149510B2
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 310
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 309
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 309
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 235
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 142
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 133
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Description
[水素生成装置の構成]
図4は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る水素生成装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る水素生成装置23の動作について、図4、図5、及び図10を参照しながら説明する。なお、以下の諸動作は、制御器10が制御する。
図11は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る水素生成装置の概略構成を示す模式図であり、図12は、図11に示す水素生成装置の第1旋回流路を示す模式図である。
図6は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る水素生成装置の概略構成を示す模式図であり、図7は、図6に示す水素生成装置の第2旋回流路を示す模式図である。
図13は、本発明の実施の形態4に係る水素生成装置の概略構成を示す模式図であり、図14は、図13に示すXIV−XIV線断面図であり、図15は、図13に示すXV−XV線断面図である。
図8は、本発明の実施の形態5に係る燃料電池システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
図1は、参考例1に係る水素生成装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。
図2は、参考例2に係る水素生成装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。
図3は、本参考例3に係る水素生成装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。
2 水供給器
3 蒸発器
4 改質触媒層
5 水素含有ガス通過口
6 バーナ(燃焼器)
7 燃料供給器
8 空気供給器
9 温度検知器
10 制御器
11 燃焼ガス流路
12 排気口
13 第1蓋板
14 第2蓋板
15 第3蓋板
16 第1空間
17 アルミナ層
18 第1旋回流路
18a 第1旋回流路
18b 第1旋回流路
18c 第1旋回流路
18d 第1旋回流路
19a 隔壁
19b 隔壁
19c 隔壁
19d 隔壁
20 水素含有ガス流路(第4空間)
21 内筒(第1筒)
22 外筒(第2筒)
23 水素生成装置
24 燃料電池
25 オフガス流路
26 改質器
27 燃焼筒
28 路壁筒(第3筒)
29 板部材
30 板部材
31 板部材
32 蓋部材
33 燃焼空間
34 燃焼ガス排出路
35 空気供給路
36 原料供給用入口
37 原料供給路
38 配管
39 水供給用入口
40 水供給路
41 第2空間
42 第3空間
43 水素含有ガス出口
44 燃料ガス供給路
45 原料ガス供給路
46a 混合抑制壁
46b 混合抑制壁
47a 隔壁
47b 隔壁
47c 隔壁
47d 隔壁
48 第2旋回流路
48a 第2旋回流路
48b 第2旋回流路
48c 第2旋回流路
48d 第2旋回流路
50 中心軸
51a 第1入口
51b 第1入口
51c 第1入口
51d 第1入口
52a 中心
52b 中心
52c 中心
52d 中心
53a 第1出口
53b 第1出口
53c 第1出口
53d 第1出口
54a 中心
54b 中心
54c 中心
54d 中心
61 第1空間
100 燃料電池システム
A 領域
B 領域
Claims (10)
- その一端が第1蓋板で閉鎖された第1筒と、
前記第1筒の内部空間に該第1筒の他端側から前記一端側に向かう火炎を形成して燃焼用燃料を燃焼するように構成された燃焼器と、
前記燃焼ガスが前記第1筒の内面に沿って流れるように構成された燃焼ガス流路と、
その一端が中央部に水素含有ガス通過口を有する第2蓋板で閉鎖され前記第1筒の外側に該第1筒と同軸状に、かつ、前記第2蓋板が前記第1蓋板と対向するように配置された第2筒と、
前記第1筒と前記第2筒との間に形成された筒状の第1空間に配置された改質触媒層を備える改質器と、
その一端が第3蓋板で閉鎖され前記第2筒の外側に該第2筒と同軸状に、かつ、前記第3蓋板が前記第2蓋板と対向するように配置された第3筒と、を備え、
前記第1蓋板と前記第2蓋板との間に形成された第2空間及び前記第2蓋板と前記第3蓋板との間に形成された第3空間のうち少なくともいずれか一方の空間には、前記第1筒の周方向に並ぶように複数の水素含有ガスの旋回流路が形成され、各前記旋回流路は前記第1空間に連通する入口と、前記第2筒と前記第3筒との間に形成された筒状の第4空間に連通する出口と、を有し、前記入口の中心と前記出口の中心とが前記第1筒の中心軸の周りの角度位置において所定の角度ずれており、
前記第1空間に前記第2筒の他端側から原料および水が供給され、これらが前記改質触媒層で前記燃焼ガス流路からの伝熱により改質反応して水素含有ガスが生成され、該水素含有ガスが、前記第1空間の前記第1筒の一端側から、前記第2空間と、前記第2蓋板の前記水素含有ガス通過口と、前記第3空間と、前記第4空間と、を通って外部に流出するよう構成されている、水素生成装置。 - 前記複数の旋回流路は前記第2空間に形成され、該第2空間に形成された各旋回流路(以下、第1旋回流路)の入口(以下、第1入口)は前記第1空間に連通し、各前記第1旋回流路の出口(以下、第1出口)は前記水素含有ガス通過口を介して前記第4空間に連通する、請求項1に記載の水素生成装置。
- 前記第1旋回流路は、前記第1入口の中心と前記第1出口の中心とが前記第1筒の中心軸の周りの角度位置において170〜190度ずれている、請求項2に記載の水素生成装置。
- 前記第1旋回流路は、前記第2空間を前記第1筒の軸方向に延在する隔壁で区画するようにして形成されている、請求項2に記載の水素生成装置。
- 前記複数の旋回流路は前記第3空間に形成され、該第3空間に形成された各旋回流路(以下、第2旋回流路)の入口(以下、第2入口)は前記水素含有ガス通過口を介して前記第1空間に連通し、各前記第2旋回流路の出口(以下、第2出口)は前記第4空間に連通する、請求項1又は2に記載の水素生成装置。
- 前記第2旋回流路は、前記第2入口の中心と前記第2出口の中心とが前記第1筒の中心軸の周りの角度位置において170〜190度ずれている、請求項5に記載の水素生成装置。
- 前記第2旋回流路は、前記第3空間を前記第1筒の軸方向に延在する隔壁で区画するようにして形成されている、請求項5に記載の水素生成装置。
- 前記水素含有ガス通過口の近傍に温度検知器を備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成装置。
- 前記燃焼器に燃料を供給する燃料供給器と、
制御器と、をさらに備え、
前記制御器は、前記温度検知器で検出された温度に基づき前記燃料供給器から前記燃焼器に供給される燃料供給量を調整する、請求項8に記載の水素生成装置。 - 請求項1に記載の水素生成装置と、
前記水素生成装置から供給される水素含有ガスを用いて発電する燃料電池と、を備える、燃料電池システム。
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JP2006281079 | 2006-10-16 | ||
PCT/JP2007/069838 WO2008047670A1 (fr) | 2006-10-16 | 2007-10-11 | Appareil de production d'hydrogène et système de pile à combustible comportant celui-ci |
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US (1) | US20110123880A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4149510B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101489917B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008047670A1 (ja) |
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JP2009274914A (ja) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-26 | Panasonic Corp | 水素発生装置およびそれを用いた燃料電池発電システム |
JP5329944B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-26 | 2013-10-30 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 燃料電池用水蒸気改質装置 |
CN102179214B (zh) * | 2011-03-21 | 2013-07-31 | 重庆大学 | 多层复合式微型催化重整反应器 |
JP6277261B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-26 | 2018-02-07 | 東芝燃料電池システム株式会社 | バーナー |
CN107847897A (zh) * | 2015-05-18 | 2018-03-27 | 丰能有限责任公司 | 用于氢生产、分离和综合使用的涡流管重整器 |
US10369540B2 (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2019-08-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | Cell structures for use in heat exchangers, and methods of producing the same |
US10128518B2 (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2018-11-13 | Honeywell International Inc. | Hydrogen production system and methods of producing the same |
IT201900017123A1 (it) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-03-26 | Marco Bertelli | Apparato per la produzione di vapore e relativo procedimento |
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AU774857B2 (en) * | 1999-04-20 | 2004-07-08 | Tokyo Gas Company Limited | Single-pipe cylindrical reformer and operation method therefor |
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JP2007320816A (ja) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料処理装置 |
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US20110123880A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
CN101489917A (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
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