JP3840947B2 - レーザ溶着装置 - Google Patents

レーザ溶着装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3840947B2
JP3840947B2 JP2001317110A JP2001317110A JP3840947B2 JP 3840947 B2 JP3840947 B2 JP 3840947B2 JP 2001317110 A JP2001317110 A JP 2001317110A JP 2001317110 A JP2001317110 A JP 2001317110A JP 3840947 B2 JP3840947 B2 JP 3840947B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
laser welding
laser
welding apparatus
workpiece
optical system
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2001317110A
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JP2003117674A (ja
Inventor
保典 河本
文男 河西
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/002—Removing toxic gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/863—Robotised, e.g. mounted on a robot arm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91212—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91216—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods enabling contactless temperature measurements, e.g. using a pyrometer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B29C65/1638—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding focusing the laser beam on the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1687—Laser beams making use of light guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B29C66/8362—Rollers, cylinders or drums moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、レーザ光を用いて樹脂等を溶着するレーザ溶着装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
レーザ光による樹脂の溶着は、レーザ光に対して透過性のある樹脂材料と、レーザ光を吸収可能な樹脂材料とを組み合せて、透過性樹脂越しにレーザを照射し、そのエネルギにより吸収樹脂が発熱し、その熱で透過性樹脂材料が融解することによって行われる。
従来のレーザ溶着においては、透過性樹脂材料と吸収性樹脂材料との組み合わせよりなる被加工部材を治具によりクランプするか、若しくは被加工部材の継手形状を圧入継手にすることで実施していた。しかしながら、これらの方法は、溶着部に加える加圧力を十分に伝達することが困難であり、透過性樹脂材料と吸収性樹脂材料との間に隙間が生じるため、吸収側樹脂の熱が透過側樹脂へ伝導せず未溶融部分が残り、気密不良、強度低下等の製造上のトラブルが発生していた。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記問題に鑑みなされたもので、その目的は、樹脂等のレーザ溶着に必要な加圧、熱伝導、溶融のプロセスを安価に且つ安定的に実現し、気密不良や強度不足等の不具合を防止できるレーザ溶着装置を提供することである。
更に別の目的は、複雑形状の３次元加工も容易に可能であるレーザ溶着装置を提供することである。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、前記課題を解決するための手段として、特許請求の範囲の各請求項に記載のレーザ溶着装置を提供する。
請求項１に記載のレーザ溶着装置は、光学系の焦点レンズと被加工部材との間に配置された加工ノズルの先端に摺動部を設けると共に、この摺動部に対し被加工部材を加圧し、加圧力が調整可能な加圧装置を被加工部材の下側に設け、かつ光学系には焦点レンズ可変装置を設けたものであり、これにより、被加工部材の溶着部を適性に加圧することができ、前述した溶着部の気密不良や強度不足等の不具合の発生を防止できる。また、樹脂材料の溶着に重要であるレーザ光のパワー密度を、焦点距離を変化させることにより、最適条件に設定できる。更に、加圧力一定でレーザの焦点距離を任意に変化させることができるので、レーザ溶着の最適な条件設定をすることが可能である。
【０００５】
請求項２のレーザ溶着装置は、加工ノズル先端の摺動部がベアリングからなるものであり、また請求項３のレーザ溶着装置では、摺動部が単に摺動性の良い材料でコーティングされているのみから構成されている。従って、被加工部材もしくはレーザ光をスキャンさせることにより行うレーザ溶着に際しても、その移動がスムーズに行われる。
【０００６】
請求項４のレーザ溶着装置は、加工ノズル内部で発煙した樹脂を排出するために、ノズルにパージ又は吸引機構を接続したものであり、これにより、光学系へのダメージを防止できる。
請求項５のレーザ溶着装置は、加工ノズルにスリットを設けたものであり、これにより、発煙樹脂の排出が促進される。
【０００７】
請求項６のレーザ溶着装置は、加工ノズルの内部に樹脂の発煙を検知する検知器を設けたものであり、発煙の発生に即時に対応でき、ガス抜け性を向上できる。また、検出部をフォトダイオード等で構成し、紫外線、可視光線、赤外線を検知することで、溶着部の不具合の判定を高速で行うことが可能となる。
請求項７のレーザ溶着装置は、光学系及び加圧装置が、任意形状に移動できるようにしたものであり、これにより、複雑形状の３次元加工も容易に可能となる。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に基づいて本発明の実施の形態のレーザ溶着装置について説明する。図１は、本発明のレーザ溶着装置の全体構成を示す図である。本発明のレーザ溶着装置は、レーザ発振器１２、光学系（ファイバ２、レーザヘッド１）、加工ノズル１１、及び加圧装置９とから構成されており、被加工部材８に加圧を負荷させながらレーザを走査することで、安定的に溶着を行うものである。レーザ発振器１２より発生したレーザ光７は、ファイバ２により伝送され、焦点レンズが内蔵されているレーザヘッド１を通過して集光される。集光されたレーザ光７は、加工ノズル１１を通って被加工部材８に入射され、被加工部材８を溶着する。レーザ波長は赤外線以上が望ましいが、長波長は熱影響が懸される。またレーザ光の伝送方法は、発振器からのダイレクト光でも、ファイバによる伝送光でもどちらでもよい。
【００１０】
レーザヘッド１には、焦点レンズが先端部に設けられており、焦点レンズ可変装置３により焦点レンズの焦点位置が変えられるようになっている。また、レーザヘッド１は、図１においては、ロボット１０により保持され任意の方向に移動できるようになっている。
レーザヘッド１の先端は、漏斗状の加工ノズル１１に接続している。加工ノズル１１の先端部には、被加工部材８に当接する摺動部４が設けられている。図１においては、摺動部４はベアリングであるが、この摺動部は、単に摺動性の良い材料のコーティングが施されているのみでも良い。加工ノズル１１の基端側（レーザヘッド側）には、加工ノズル１１内部の発煙した樹脂を外部に排出するために、パージもしくは吸引機構５が接続されている。また加工ノズル１１の周囲にスリット（図示せず）を設け、樹脂が発煙した際のガス抜け性を良くするようにしてもよい。パージガスとしては、アルゴン、窒素等の不活性ガス以外にも、酸化反応を抑制可能なガスであれば何れでもよい。
【００１１】
加工ノズル１１の内部には、樹脂が発煙したことを検知する検知器６が設けられている。この検知器６は、温度センサ、煙探知センサ、炎検出センサ等で構成される。また、検知器としてフォトダイオード等を用いて、紫外線、可視光線、赤外線を検知することで、溶着部の不具合の判定を高速で行うようにすることもできるし、その判定結果をフィードバックさせてやることも可能である。
【００１２】
被加工部材８は、レーザ光７に対して透過性のある樹脂材料８ａとレーザ光７を吸収可能な樹脂材料８ｂとの組み合わせよりなる。図１において、符号８ｃは樹脂材料８ａと８ｂの溶着部を示している。なお、本発明のレーザ溶着装置においては、被加工部材として金属のレーザ溶接への採用も可能であり、特に部品加工の粗い薄板の溶接には適している。
【００１３】
符号９は、加圧装置であり、被加工部材８を載置して、この被加工部材８を加工ノズル１１の摺動部４に対して加圧するための装置である。この加圧装置９は、例えば一般に知られているピストン−シリンダより構成される流体圧機構よりなっている。加圧装置９は、例えば、ＸＹテーブル１３、に載置して固定されており、ＸＹテーブル１３を駆動することで、加圧装置９はＸＹ方向に移動できる。なお、図１では、加圧装置９は、被加工部材８の下側に設けているが、加圧装置９を被加工部材８の上側に設けるようにしてもよい。
【００１４】
上記のように構成された本発明のレーザ溶着装置の作動について説明する。まず、被加工部材８を加圧装置９上に載置する。次いでロボット１０を駆動して、光学系（レーザヘッド１及び加工ノズル１１）を被加工部材８の溶着開始点にセットする。その後、加圧装置９を作動し、被加工部材８を加工ノズル１１の先端の摺動部４に加圧して押し付ける。加圧力は、数Kgf 〜数１０Kgf の間で調整が可能であり、最適な加圧力が選択される。したがって、加工ノズル１１の摺動部４によって囲まれる溶着部が適性に加圧されることになる。次いで、レーザ発振器１２を作動させて、レーザ光７がファイバ２、レーザヘッド１及び加工ノズル１１を通って被加工部材８に入射され、レーザ溶着が行われる。
【００１５】
レーザ溶着は、被加工部材８もしくはレーザ光をスキャンさせることにより行われるため、本発明のレーザ溶着装置においても、ＸＹテーブル１３で被加工部材８を移動させるか、又はロボット１０によりレーザヘッド１０を移動させる。この移動の際にも、摺動部４の効果により、溶着部への最適な加圧が負荷され続ける。
その場合、焦点レンズ可変装置３によって、加圧力一定でレーザの焦点距離を任意に変化させることができるので、レーザ溶着の最適な条件設定をすることが可能である。
【００１６】
また、本発明のレーザ溶着装置は、付加機能として加工ノズル１１にパージもしくは吸引機構５が接続され、かつ加工ノズル１１にスリットが設けられているので、万一樹脂が発煙してもガス抜け性を良くしているので、光学系へのダメージを防止できる。また、加工ノズル１１の内部に検知器６を搭載することで、プロセスを監視することができ、溶着部の判定結果をレーザ溶着装置にフィードバックさせることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態のレーザ溶着装置の全体構成を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１…レーザヘッド
３…焦点レンズ可変装置
４…摺動部（ベアリング）
５…パージもしくは吸引機構
６…検知器
７…レーザ光
８…被加工部材
９…加圧装置
１０…ロボット
１１…加工ノズル
１２…レーザ発振器
１３…ＸＹテーブル

Claims (7)

  1. レーザ発振器より発生したレーザ光を光学系により集光して被加工部材に照射することにより、被加工部材の溶着を行うレーザ溶着装置において、
    前記光学系の焦点レンズと被加工部材との間に配置された加工ノズルの先端に、被加工部材上を摺動可能な摺動部が設けられると共に、被加工部材を前記加工ノズル先端の摺動部に対し加圧し、加圧力が調整可能な加圧装置を被加工部材の下側に設けており、かつ前記光学系には、焦点レンズ可変装置が設けられていることを特徴とするレーザ溶着装置。
  2. 前記摺動部がベアリングからなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のレーザ溶着装置。
  3. 前記摺動部が、摺動性の良い材料でコーティングされていることからなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のレーザ溶着装置。
  4. 前記加工ノズルには、その内部で発煙した樹脂を排出するために、パージ又は吸引機構が接続していることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ溶着装置。
  5. 前記加工ノズルにスリットが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項４に記載のレーザ溶着装置。
  6. 前記加工ノズル内部には、樹脂の発煙を検知する検知器が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項４又は５に記載のレーザ溶着装置。
  7. 前記光学系及び前記加圧装置が、ロボット又はＸＹテーブル等により任意形状に移動できることを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ溶着装置。
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