WO2016143083A1 - 光加工ヘッド、光加工装置およびその制御方法ならびに制御プログラム - Google Patents
光加工ヘッド、光加工装置およびその制御方法ならびに制御プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/94—Investigating contamination, e.g. dust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0643—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising mirrors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0648—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising lenses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1462—Nozzles; Features related to nozzles
- B23K26/1464—Supply to, or discharge from, nozzles of media, e.g. gas, powder, wire
- B23K26/1476—Features inside the nozzle for feeding the fluid stream through the nozzle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
- B23K26/707—Auxiliary equipment for monitoring laser beam transmission optics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N21/15—Preventing contamination of the components of the optical system or obstruction of the light path
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
- G02B19/0052—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a laser diode
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0076—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0006—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means to keep optical surfaces clean, e.g. by preventing or removing dirt, stains, contamination, condensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N2021/1757—Time modulation of light being essential to the method of light modification, e.g. using single detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/718—Laser microanalysis, i.e. with formation of sample plasma
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/954—Inspecting the inner surface of hollow bodies, e.g. bores
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical processing head, an optical processing apparatus, a control method thereof, and a control program.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method using ultrasonic vibration in order to detect contamination of a lens due to fine particles (fume or spatter) generated during processing.
- the lens slightly vibrates during ultrasonic vibration, and the condensing spot also vibrates accordingly.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for solving the above-described problems.
- an optical processing head comprises: An optical processing head for processing by converging light rays from a processing light source on a processing surface, A cylindrical housing surrounding the processing light beam emitted from the processing light source; An inspection light emitting part disposed in the cylindrical housing and out of the path of the processing light beam, A light receiving portion that is disposed inside the cylindrical housing and is disposed outside the path of the processing light beam, and receives the inspection light beam emitted from the inspection light beam emission portion; and With The signal acquired from the light receiving unit is used to inspect the dirt on the inner surface of the cylindrical casing or the concentration of scattered matter flowing into the cylindrical casing.
- the method according to the present invention comprises: A method of controlling an optical processing apparatus that processes light by converging light from a processing light source on a processing surface
- the optical processing apparatus includes: A cylindrical housing surrounding the processing light beam emitted from the processing light source; An inspection light emitting part disposed in the cylindrical housing and out of the path of the processing light beam, A light receiving portion that is disposed inside the cylindrical housing and is disposed outside the path of the processing light beam, and receives the inspection light beam emitted from the inspection light beam emission portion; and With an optical processing head with The method of controlling an optical processing apparatus, wherein the amount of purge gas injected to the processing surface is changed based on the signal.
- a program provides: A control program for an optical processing device for processing by converging light rays from a processing light source on a processing surface
- the optical processing apparatus includes: A cylindrical housing surrounding the processing light beam emitted from the processing light source; An inspection light emitting part disposed in the cylindrical housing and out of the path of the processing light beam, A light receiving portion that is disposed inside the cylindrical housing and is disposed outside the path of the processing light beam, and receives the inspection light beam emitted from the inspection light beam emission portion; and With an optical processing head with An optical processing apparatus control program causing a computer to execute a step of changing an amount of purge gas injected to the processing surface based on the signal.
- an optical processing technique capable of detecting in advance a defect of an optical processing head that occurs during optical processing.
- light includes various electromagnetic waves including ultraviolet light to microwaves, and can be appropriately selected according to a processing target or the like.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the optical processing head 100.
- the optical processing head 100 performs processing by condensing a ray 110 from a light source for processing (not shown) on a processing surface 140.
- the optical processing head 100 includes a cylindrical casing 101, an inspection light emitting unit 102, and a light receiving unit 103.
- the cylindrical casing 101 surrounds the processing light beam 110 emitted from the processing light source.
- the inspection light emitting unit 102 is disposed inside the cylindrical housing 101 and outside the path of the processing light beam 110.
- the light receiving unit 103 is disposed inside the cylindrical housing 101 and outside the path of the processing light beam 110, and receives the inspection light beam 121 emitted from the inspection light beam emission unit 102.
- the density 111 of the dirt 111 on the inner surface of the cylindrical casing 101 or the scattered matter 112 flowing into the cylindrical casing 101 is inspected.
- the inspection light beam 121 is absorbed or scattered by the scattered matter 112.
- the strength of the signal 104 decreases. That is, since the signal 104 changes with time when the flying object 112 is mixed, it is possible to determine whether or not the flying object 112 flows in.
- the inspection light beam 121 is absorbed by the dirt 111, so that the signal 104 becomes lower than a predetermined reference value. That is, the degree of contamination on the inner surface can be determined based on a change from the reference value of the signal 104.
- the defect of the optical processing head that occurs during optical processing can be determined by inspecting the dirt 111 on the inner surface of the cylindrical casing 101 or the concentration of the scattered matter 112 flowing into the cylindrical casing 101.
- Optical processing technology that can be detected in advance can be provided.
- casing 101 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, What is necessary is just cylindrical shapes, such as a square tube, and another shape may be sufficient as it.
- the inspection light emitting unit 102 is not limited to a light source, and may be an exit of a light transmission means such as an optical fiber.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for illustrating an internal configuration of the optical processing head 200 to which laser light is applied.
- the optical processing head 200 includes a condensing optical system device 201, an observation device 202, a nozzle 203, and the like. including.
- the condensing optical system device 201 includes a collimator lens 216, a condensing lens 217, and a cylindrical housing 211 that holds the collimator lens 216.
- the collimator lens 216 converts the processing light beam 205 emitted from the incident end 215 into parallel light.
- the condensing lens 217 condenses the parallel light on the processing surface 260 on the downstream side.
- the condensing optical system device 201 emits the processing light beam 205 guided from the incident end 215 from the light source (not shown) through the light transmission unit 210 to the processing surface 260.
- the optical transmission unit 210 is an optical fiber having a core diameter of ⁇ 0.01 to 1 mm, for example, and guides light (for example, laser light) generated by a light source to the optical processing head 200.
- the processing light beam 205 guided from the incident end 215 to the optical processing head 200 is emitted to the processing surface 260 and forms a molten pool 261 on the processing surface 260.
- the nozzle 203 receives supply of a processing material and a gas from a material supply device (not shown) via a material supply unit, and injects the material 250 mixed with the gas into the molten pool 261 of the processing surface 260. Thereafter, the molten pool 261 is cooled and solidified to deposit material on the work surface 260. By moving the molten pool 261 on the processing surface 260 and repeating melting, material supply, and cooling, three-dimensional modeling is realized.
- the observation device 202 is a device for observing the processing status of the condensing optical system device 201 from a viewpoint along the optical axis of the processing light beam 205, and includes an imaging device 221 including an imaging element such as a CCD or CMOS, A semi-transmission mirror (one-way mirror) 222 as an observation mirror provided inside the optical optical system device 201.
- the semi-transmissive mirror 222 is coated on the surface so as to transmit the processing light beam 205 (wavelength 1060 nm) but reflect visible light (wavelength 450 to 800 nm). Part of the visible light reflected by the processing surface 260 is reflected by the semi-transmissive mirror 222 and guided to the imaging device 221.
- the machining accuracy can be improved by feedback-controlling the machining parameters according to the machining situation observed in this way.
- the inspection light emitting part 212 and the light receiving part 213 are arranged on the downstream side of the condenser lens 217.
- the inspection light beam emitting unit 212 is disposed on the upstream side of the processing light beam 205 from the light receiving unit 213.
- the inspection light beam 231 emitted from the inspection light emitting unit 212 does not reach the semi-transmissive mirror 222 and is not imaged by the imaging device 221. That is, the light from the inspection light emitting unit 212 does not become noise during imaging. In other words, there is an effect that noise is reduced by disposing the inspection light emitting unit 212 upstream of the light receiving unit 213.
- a shielding plate 214 is provided around the inspection light beam emitting portion 212 so that the inspection light beam 231 does not become noise in the imaging device 221. As a result, the inspection light beam not directed to the light receiving unit 213 is absorbed and shielded.
- the optical processing head 200 includes an inspection light emitting unit 212, a light receiving unit 213, a shielding plate 214, and a signal output unit 218 inside the cylindrical housing 211 as an inspection unit 230 for inspecting the influence of the scattered matter 242.
- the inspection light emitting section 212 is, for example, an LED and has a wavelength of 400 to 450 nm.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a halogen lamp, an incandescent lamp, a krypton lamp, or the like may be used.
- the wavelength may be any as long as it is different from the processing light beam 205 (that is, the wavelength may not be 1060 nm here). Since the wavelengths of the inspection light beam 231 and the processing light beam 205 are different, the light receiving unit 213 does not misrecognize the processing light beam 205 as the inspection light beam 231, so that noise in the detection signal can be reduced.
- the inspection light emitting section 212 and the light receiving section 213 are arranged opposite to each other outside the path of the processing light beam 205.
- the light receiving unit 213 receives the inspection light beam 231 emitted from the inspection light beam emission unit 212 and passes a signal corresponding to the received light amount to the signal output unit 218.
- the scattered object 242 enters the path of the inspection light beam 231, the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 213 temporarily decreases. Further, when the scattered matter 242 adheres to the housing inner surface 211a as the dirt 241, the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 213 continuously decreases.
- the influence of the scattered object 242 is detected by detecting the presence or absence of a temporal change in the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 213 (temporary fluctuation and / or a continuous decrease of a predetermined amount or more from the reference value).
- the signal output unit 218 outputs a signal indicating the dirt 241 on the inner surface of the cylindrical housing 211 or the concentration of the scattered matter 242 flowing into the nozzle 203 and the cylindrical housing 211 using the signal acquired from the light receiving unit 213. It is considered that the greater the change in the amount of light, the greater the concentration of scattering. In other words, the concentration of scattered matter can be inspected based on the change in the amount of light.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the optical processing head 200 along a plane passing through the optical axis of the processing light beam 205
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- the AA cross section is a plane that intersects perpendicularly with the optical axis of the processing light beam 205 and passes through the inspection light beam emitting unit 212 and the light receiving unit 213.
- the housing inner surface 211a draws an ellipse in a cross section that passes through both the inspection light emitting section 212 and the light receiving section 213.
- the inspection light emitting part 212 and the light receiving part 213 are arranged at two focal positions of the ellipse.
- the inspection light beam 231 emitted from the inspection light beam emitting section 212 is reflected by the housing inner surface 211 a and gathers almost all at the light receiving section 213.
- the inclination angle from the optical axis of the processing light beam 205 of the line segment connecting the inspection light beam emitting unit 212 and the light receiving unit 213 is defined as ⁇ .
- L is the distance (the length of the line segment) between the inspection light emitting unit 212 and the light receiving unit 213.
- the housing inner surface 211a has a cylindrical shape (cylinder side surface) having the optical axis of the processing light beam 205 as a central axis, and the diameter of the cylinder is D.
- ⁇ , L, and D defined as described above can arrange the inspection light emitting unit 212 and the light receiving unit 213 at two focal points of an ellipse when the following formula (1) is satisfied.
- Equation (1) is a condition for disposing the inspection light emitting unit 212 and the light receiving unit 213 at two focal points of an ellipse.
- the inspection light beam 231 emitted from the inspection light emitting unit 212 arranged so as to satisfy Equation (1) is received by the light receiving unit 213 in theory.
- the relationship of Expression (1) is not satisfied, there is a light beam that is not received by the light receiving unit 213.
- Figure 5 shows the relationship of Equation (1).
- the horizontal axis is the tilt angle ⁇ , and the vertical axis is D / L. This shows that D / L is about 2 when ⁇ is 45 °.
- the inspection of the concentration of the dirt 241 on the inner surface of the cylindrical casing 211 or the scattered matter 242 flowing into the cylindrical casing 211 can solve the problem of the optical processing head that occurs during optical processing.
- Optical processing technology that can be detected in advance can be provided.
- the housing inner surface 211a has a shape corresponding to the cylindrical outer surface, but the present invention is not limited to this. However, at least a part of the casing inner surface 211a of the cylindrical casing 211 is a curved surface so that the inspection light beam 231 is reflected by the casing inner surface 211a of the cylindrical casing 211 and collected on the light receiving unit 213. It is desirable.
- FIG. 6 is a transparent perspective view for explaining the internal configuration of the optical processing head 600 according to this embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view thereof.
- the optical processing head 600 according to the present embodiment is different from the inspection unit 230 in that the optical processing head 600 includes an inspection unit 630 having an inner surface shape different from that of the inspection unit 230. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same configurations and operations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the inspection unit 630 includes a curved surface 631 having a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the spheroid, and the inspection light emitting unit 612 and the light receiving unit 613 are respectively disposed at two focal positions of the spheroid. Yes.
- a shielding plate may be provided, in which case the noise of the detection signal can be sufficiently reduced.
- FIG. 8 shows a light ray diagram between the inspection light emitting part 612 and the light receiving part 613 of the optical processing head 600 according to the present embodiment. As can be seen from FIG. 8, all the inspection light beams are received by the light receiving unit 613. In other words, the inspection light beam is effectively used for inspection.
- the optical processing apparatus 900 includes any of the optical processing heads 100, 200, and 600 described in the above-described embodiments, and melts a material with heat generated by the collected light, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional structure (or meat). This is a device for generating (welding).
- an optical processing apparatus 900 including the optical processing head 200 will be described.
- the optical processing device 900 includes a light source 901, an optical transmission unit 210, a refrigerant supply device 903, a refrigerant supply unit 904, a stage 905, a material supply device 906, a material supply unit 907, a gas supply device 908, and a gas.
- a supply unit 909 and a control unit 930 are provided.
- the light source 901 may be a laser, LED, halogen lamp, xenon lamp, incandescent bulb, or the like.
- the wavelength of the light beam is, for example, 1060 nm, but is not limited thereto.
- the refrigerant supply device 903 stores, for example, water as a refrigerant, and supplies the refrigerant to the optical processing head 200 via the refrigerant supply unit 904 with a pump.
- the refrigerant supply unit 904 is a resin or metal hose having an inner diameter ⁇ 2-6. By supplying the coolant into the optical processing head 200, circulating it inside, and returning it to the coolant supply device 903, the temperature rise of the optical processing head 200 can be suppressed.
- the supply amount of the refrigerant is, for example, 1 to 10 L / min.
- the stage 905 is, for example, an X stage, an XY stage, or an XYZ stage, and can operate each axis (X, Y, Z).
- the material supply device 906 supplies material to the nozzle 203 via the material supply unit 907.
- the material is metal particles, resin particles, metal wires, resin wires.
- the material supply device 906 can also supply a carrier gas at the same time.
- the material supply unit 907 is, for example, a resin or metal hose, and guides the powder flow in which the material is mixed into the carrier gas to the nozzle 203. However, when the material is a wire, no carrier gas is required.
- the nozzle 203 injects material toward the processing surface 260.
- the gas supply device 908 supplies a purge gas to the optical processing head 200 via the gas supply unit 909.
- the purge gas is, for example, nitrogen, argon, or helium. However, the purge gas is not limited to this, and may be another gas as long as it is an inert gas.
- the purge gas supplied to the optical processing head 200 is ejected from the nozzle 203 along the light beam described above.
- the optical processing apparatus 900 includes an attitude control mechanism and a position control mechanism that control the attitude and position of the optical processing head 200.
- the modeled object 910 is created on the stage 905.
- the purge gas is injected from the nozzle 203 to the processing surface 260. Therefore, the surrounding environment of the molten pool is purged with the purge gas. By selecting an inert gas that does not contain oxygen as the purge gas, oxidation of the processed surface 260 can be prevented.
- the optical processing head 200 is cooled by the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant supply device 903 via the refrigerant supply unit 904, and temperature rise during processing is suppressed.
- the optical processing head 200 is scanned along the processing surface 260, so that a desired modeling can be performed while depositing materials. That is, overlay welding or three-dimensional modeling can be created by this apparatus.
- the control unit 930 acquires the status of the scattered matter inside the optical processing head 200 from the inspection unit 230, and controls the gas supply device 908 according to the status to change the amount of purge gas sprayed on the processing surface 260. It also functions as a part.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the control flow. This flowchart shows that four stages of control are performed according to the amount of scattered objects by using three threshold values (threshold value C1 ⁇ threshold value C2 ⁇ threshold value C3).
- step S1001 when a scattered matter (fume) is detected, the process proceeds to step S1002, and the concentration is calculated.
- step S1003 the calculated density is compared with the threshold value C1. If the density is lower than the threshold value C1, there is no particular problem, and the process returns to step S1001. If the density is higher than the threshold value C1, in step S1004, it is compared with another threshold value C2. If the concentration is lower than the threshold value C2, the process proceeds to step S1005 to increase the purge gas. If the concentration of the flying object is higher than the threshold value C2, the process proceeds to step S1006 and further compared with the threshold value C3.
- step S1007 the optical processing device 900 is stopped for 1 hour or the processed object is retracted for 1 hour. If the concentration of the flying object becomes higher than the threshold value C3, the process proceeds to step S1008 and an emergency stop is performed.
- damage to the condensing optical system device 201 or the optical processing head 200 can be reduced.
- the present invention may be applied to a system composed of a plurality of devices, or may be applied to a single device. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to a case where a control program that realizes the functions of the embodiments is supplied directly or remotely to a system or apparatus. Therefore, in order to realize the functions of the present invention on a computer, a program installed on the computer, a medium storing the program, and a WWW (World Wide Web) server that downloads the program are also included in the scope of the present invention. . In particular, at least a non-transitory computer readable medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute the processing steps included in the above-described embodiments is included in the scope of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
加工用光源からの光線を加工面において集光させることにより加工する光加工ヘッドであって、
前記加工用光源から射出された加工用光線を取り囲む筒状筐体と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置された検査用光線射出部と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置され、前記検査用光線射出部から射出される検査用光線を受光する受光部と、
を備え、
前記受光部から取得した信号を用いて、前記筒状筐体の内面の汚れあるいは前記筒状筐体内に流入する飛散物の濃度を検査することを特徴とする。
加工用光源からの光線を加工面において集光させることにより加工する光加工装置の制御方法であって、
前記光加工装置は、
前記加工用光源から射出された加工用光線を取り囲む筒状筐体と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置された検査用光線射出部と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置され、前記検査用光線射出部から射出される検査用光線を受光する受光部と、
を備えた光加工ヘッドを備え、
前記信号に基づいて、前記加工面に射出するパージガスの量を変化させることを特徴とする光加工装置の制御方法である。
加工用光源からの光線を加工面において集光させることにより加工する光加工装置の制御プログラムであって、
前記光加工装置は、
前記加工用光源から射出された加工用光線を取り囲む筒状筐体と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置された検査用光線射出部と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置され、前記検査用光線射出部から射出される検査用光線を受光する受光部と、
を備えた光加工ヘッドを備え、
前記信号に基づいて、前記加工面に射出するパージガスの量を変化させるステップをコンピュータに実行させることを特徴とする光加工装置の制御プログラムである。
本発明の第1実施形態としての光加工ヘッド(optical processing head)100について、図1を用いて説明する。図1は、光加工ヘッド100の断面図である。この光加工ヘッド100は、図示しない加工用光源(light source for processing)からの光線(ray)110を加工面(process surface)140において集光させることにより加工する。
本発明の第2実施形態としての光加工ヘッド200について、図2を用いて説明する。図2は、レーザ光を適用した光加工ヘッド200の内部構成を示すための図であり、図2に示すとおり、光加工ヘッド200は、集光光学系装置201と観察装置202とノズル203とを含む。
集光光学系装置201は、コリメータレンズ216および集光レンズ217とそれを保持する円筒筐体211とで構成される。コリメータレンズ216は、入射端215より射出された加工用光線205を平行光に変換する。集光レンズ217は、その平行光を下流側の加工面260上において集光する。
加工の際、加工面260から飛散するヒューム(fume)やスパッタ(sputter)と呼ばれる飛散物(scattering object)242が円筒筐体211内部に侵入すると、集光レンズ217などの光学系が汚染され、筐体内面211aに汚れ241が付着し、光利用効率の低下を引き起こす。そこで、光加工ヘッド200は、飛散物242の影響を検査する検査ユニット230として、円筒筐体211の内部に、検査用光線射出部212、受光部213、遮蔽板214、および信号出力部218を備える。
つまり、数式(1)は楕円の2つの焦点に検査用光線射出部212と受光部213を配置するための条件である。
次に本発明の第3実施形態に係る光加工ヘッド600について、図6を用いて説明する。図6は、本実施形態に係る光加工ヘッド600の内部構成を説明するための透過斜視図であり、図7は、その部分拡大図である。本実施形態に係る光加工ヘッド600は、上記第2実施形態と比べると、検査ユニット230とは内面形状が異なる検査ユニット630を有する点で異なる。その他の構成および動作は、第2実施形態と同様であるため、同じ構成および動作については同じ符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。
本発明の第4実施形態としての光加工装置(Optical Processing apparatus)900について、図9を用いて説明する。光加工装置900は、上述の実施形態で説明した光加工ヘッド100、200、600のいずれかを含み、集光した光が生み出す熱で材料を溶融することにより三次元的な造形物(あるいは肉盛溶接)を生成する装置である。ここでは一例として、光加工ヘッド200を備えた光加工装置900について説明する。
光加工装置900は、光加工ヘッド200以外に、光源901、光伝送部210、冷媒供給装置903、冷媒供給部904、ステージ905、材料供給装置906、材料供給部907、ガス供給装置908、ガス供給部909および制御部930を備えている。
次に、光加工装置900の動作について説明する。造形物910は、ステージ905の上で作成される。
以上、実施形態を参照して本願発明を説明したが、本願発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。本願発明の構成や詳細には、本願発明の技術思想内で当業者が理解し得る様々な変更をすることができる。また、それぞれの実施形態に含まれる別々の特徴を如何様に組み合わせたシステムまたは装置も、本発明の範疇に含まれる。
Claims (13)
- 加工用光源からの光線を加工面において集光させることにより加工する光加工ヘッドであって、
前記加工用光源から射出された加工用光線を取り囲む筒状筐体と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置された検査用光線射出部と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置され、前記検査用光線射出部から射出される検査用光線を受光する受光部と、
を備え、
前記受光部から取得した信号を用いて、前記筒状筐体の内面の汚れあるいは前記筒状筐体内に流入する飛散物の濃度を検査することを特徴とする光加工ヘッド。 - 前記加工用光線を前記加工面に向けて下流側に集光させる集光レンズをさらに備え、
前記検査用光線射出部および前記受光部は前記集光レンズよりも下流に配置されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光加工ヘッド。 - 前記集光レンズよりも上流に設けられた観察用ミラーと、
前記観察用ミラーの反射を利用して前記加工面を撮像する撮像素子と、
をさらに備え、
前記受光部を前記検査用光線射出部よりも前記加工面側に配置したことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の光加工ヘッド。 - 前記検査用光線が前記筒状筐体の内面で反射して前記受光部に集光されるように、前記筒状筐体の内面の少なくとも一部を湾曲面としたことを特徴とする請求項1、2または3に記載の光加工ヘッド。
- 前記検査用光線射出部および前記受光部の両方を通る前記湾曲面の断面のうち少なくとも1つは、楕円であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の光加工ヘッド。
- 前記検査用光線射出部および前記受光部が前記楕円の2つの焦点位置にそれぞれ配置されたことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の光加工ヘッド。
- 前記湾曲面は回転楕円体の外周面に沿う形状であり、
前記検査用光線射出部および前記受光部が前記回転楕円体の2つの焦点位置にそれぞれ配置されたことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の光加工ヘッド。 - 前記湾曲面は、前記加工用光線の光軸を中心として直径をDとする円柱形状であり、
前記検査用光線射出部および前記受光部を結ぶ線分と前記光軸との成す角をθとし、
前記検査用光線射出部と前記受光部との距離をLとすると、下記の数式が成り立つことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の光加工ヘッド。
D/L = 2/tanθ - 前記受光部から取得した信号の時間的変化に基づいて、前記筒状筐体内に流入する飛散物の濃度を検査することを特徴とする請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の光加工ヘッド。
- 前記受光部から取得した信号の基準値からの変化に基づいて、前記筒状筐体の内面の汚れを検査することを特徴とする請求項1乃至9に記載の光加工ヘッド。
- 請求項1乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の光加工ヘッドと、
前記信号に基づいて、前記加工面に射出するパージガスの量を変化させる、パージ制御部と、
を有することを特徴とする光加工装置。 - 加工用光源からの光線を加工面において集光させることにより加工する光加工装置の制御方法であって、
前記光加工装置は、
前記加工用光源から射出された加工用光線を取り囲む筒状筐体と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置された検査用光線射出部と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置され、前記検査用光線射出部から射出される検査用光線を受光する受光部と、
を備えた光加工ヘッドを備え、
前記信号に基づいて、前記加工面に射出するパージガスの量を変化させることを特徴とする光加工装置の制御方法。 - 加工用光源からの光線を加工面において集光させることにより加工する光加工装置の制御プログラムであって、
前記光加工装置は、
前記加工用光源から射出された加工用光線を取り囲む筒状筐体と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置された検査用光線射出部と、
前記筒状筐体内であって、前記加工用光線の経路外に配置され、前記検査用光線射出部から射出される検査用光線を受光する受光部と、
を備えた光加工ヘッドを備え、
前記信号に基づいて、前記加工面に射出するパージガスの量を変化させるステップをコンピュータに実行させることを特徴とする光加工装置の制御プログラム。
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JP2015549109A JP6050519B1 (ja) | 2015-03-10 | 2015-03-10 | 光加工ヘッド、光加工装置およびその制御方法ならびに制御プログラム |
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