JP3688280B2 - 燃料電池装置 - Google Patents
燃料電池装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP3688280B2 JP3688280B2 JP2003293695A JP2003293695A JP3688280B2 JP 3688280 B2 JP3688280 B2 JP 3688280B2 JP 2003293695 A JP2003293695 A JP 2003293695A JP 2003293695 A JP2003293695 A JP 2003293695A JP 3688280 B2 JP3688280 B2 JP 3688280B2
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- fuel cell
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 275
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FVROQKXVYSIMQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sr+2].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O Chemical compound [Sr+2].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O FVROQKXVYSIMQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNPDDPPIJHUKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sr].[Sm] Chemical compound [Sr].[Sm] UNPDDPPIJHUKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052963 cobaltite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002075 lanthanum strontium manganite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sm+3].[Sm+3] FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
402 燃料電池のブロックまたはスタック
412 タップ
422 スイッチ
600 燃料電池電源システム
606 制御モジュール
608 負荷
Claims (10)
- 燃料電池装置(600)であって、
制御モジュール(606)によって少なくとも2つの構成で電気的に再構成可能な燃料電池ブロック(402)を備え、
前記制御モジュールが、前記装置の燃料電池ブロックを直列と並列の組合せで選択的に接続することにより、前記燃料電池ブロックを再構成し、最も頻繁に運転状態になると考えられる1つ又は複数の燃料電池ブロックを、中心に配置することにより、運転状態になっていない燃料電池ブロックに熱が提供される、燃料電池装置。 - 前記燃料電池ブロック(402)が、前記制御モジュール(606)によって前記燃料電池ブロック(402)を再構成するために制御される1つまたは複数のスイッチ(422)をさらに含む、請求項1記載の燃料電池装置。
- 前記制御モジュール(606)が、負荷要件の変化に応答して前記燃料電池ブロック(402)を再構成するようにプログラムされる、請求項1または2記載の燃料電池装置。
- 前記制御モジュール(606)が、電気機器(608)に対して同時に異なる電圧で電流を供給するように前記燃料電池ブロック(402)を再構成するようにプログラムされる、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の燃料電池装置。
- 前記制御モジュール(606)が、負荷特性と、燃料電池性能と、負荷装置からのアクティブフィードバックデータのうちの1つまたは複数を入力として受け入れ、その入力に応答して前記燃料電池ブロック(402)を再構成するようにプログラムされる、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の燃料電池装置。
- 前記制御モジュール(606)が、前記燃料電池ブロック(402)の使用を一様にするように定期的な間隔で前記燃料電池ブロック(402)を再構成するようにプログラムされる、請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項記載の燃料電池装置。
- 制御モジュール(606)であって、
論理回路と、および
スイッチング回路とを備え、
前記論理回路、およびスイッチング回路が、燃料電池装置(600)の複数の燃料電池スタック(402)を選択的に再構成するように前記燃料電池装置(600)に接続するように構成されている、制御モジュール。 - 前記論理回路、およびスイッチング回路が、燃料電池負荷データと燃料電池性能データとのうちの1つまたは複数を受け取り、前記燃料電池スタック(402)のうちの1つまたは複数を接続または切断することによって、前記燃料電池負荷データに応答して前記複数の燃料電池スタック(402)を電気的に再構成するようにプログラムされる、請求項7記載の制御モジュール。
- 燃料電池出力を制御する方法であって、
コントローラ(606)により複数の燃料電池ブロック(402)間で1つまたは複数の接続(412)を電気的に再構成するステップであって、前記コントローラが、前記燃料電池ブロックを直列と並列の組合せで選択的に接続することにより、前記燃料電池ブロックを再構成し、最も頻繁に運転状態になると考えられる1つ又は複数の燃料電池ブロックを、中心に配置することにより、運転状態になっていない燃料電池ブロックに熱が提供される、ステップを含む、燃料電池出力を制御する方法。 - 前記再構成することが、前記1つまたは複数の接続(412)に電気的に結合された1つまたは複数のスイッチ(422)を開放するかまたは閉鎖することを含む、請求項9記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/222,417 US7491457B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2002-08-16 | Fuel cell apparatus |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2004079537A JP2004079537A (ja) | 2004-03-11 |
JP3688280B2 true JP3688280B2 (ja) | 2005-08-24 |
Family
ID=31714959
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003293695A Expired - Lifetime JP3688280B2 (ja) | 2002-08-16 | 2003-08-15 | 燃料電池装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7491457B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1416564B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3688280B2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI298957B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (39)
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US8834700B2 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2014-09-16 | Encite, Llc | Method and apparatus for electro-chemical reaction |
US8980492B2 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2015-03-17 | Encite Llc | Method and apparatus for controlling an array of power generators |
US8518594B2 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2013-08-27 | Encite, Llc | Power cell and power chip architecture |
US7081317B2 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2006-07-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte thin film fuel cell and method of operating the same |
TW200520281A (en) * | 2003-12-01 | 2005-06-16 | Antig Tech Co Ltd | Arrangement method of fuel cell system utilizing intelligent operation control dynamic series-parallel arrangement and its fuel system |
US20050249987A1 (en) * | 2004-05-04 | 2005-11-10 | Angstrom Power Incorporated | Fault tolerant fuel cell systems |
CA2482486A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-24 | British Columbia Hydro And Power Authority | Fuel cell power generation system |
JP5049487B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-28 | 2012-10-17 | キヤノン株式会社 | 燃料電池装置 |
US7887963B2 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2011-02-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Mitigating fuel cell start up/shut down degradation |
EP2432063B1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2015-09-09 | Encite LLC | Method and apparatus for cleaning catalyst of a power cell |
US9819037B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2017-11-14 | Encite Llc | Method and apparatus for cleaning catalyst of a power cell |
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TW200832856A (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-08-01 | Syspotek Corp | Fuel cell with protective device |
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CN101355172A (zh) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-01-28 | 思柏科技股份有限公司 | 具串并联电路的燃料电池装置 |
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JPS62150664A (ja) | 1985-12-25 | 1987-07-04 | Hitachi Ltd | 燃料電池発電システム |
US5678647A (en) | 1994-09-07 | 1997-10-21 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Fuel cell powered propulsion system |
US5532573A (en) | 1994-09-07 | 1996-07-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Reconfigurable hybrid power generation system |
WO1999060687A1 (en) | 1998-05-19 | 1999-11-25 | Sure Power Corporation | Power system |
US6312846B1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-11-06 | Integrated Fuel Cell Technologies, Inc. | Fuel cell and power chip technology |
DE10010985A1 (de) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-20 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brennstoffzellensystems und Brennstoffzellensystem |
US6835481B2 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2004-12-28 | Idatech, Llc | Fuel cell system with load management |
US6500577B2 (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2002-12-31 | Ronald B. Foster | Modular polymer electrolyte membrane unit fuel cell assembly and fuel cell stack |
US6858335B2 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2005-02-22 | Relion, Inc. | Fuel cell power systems and methods of operating fuel cell power systems |
-
2002
- 2002-08-16 US US10/222,417 patent/US7491457B2/en active Active
-
2003
- 2003-05-09 TW TW092112713A patent/TWI298957B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-01 EP EP03254834.9A patent/EP1416564B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-15 JP JP2003293695A patent/JP3688280B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200403883A (en) | 2004-03-01 |
EP1416564A3 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
EP1416564B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
JP2004079537A (ja) | 2004-03-11 |
TWI298957B (en) | 2008-07-11 |
EP1416564A2 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
US20040033398A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
US7491457B2 (en) | 2009-02-17 |
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