JP2992737B2 - Extraction method of animal and plant extracts by disruption of frozen cell membrane - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for extracting an animal or plant extract by disrupting a frozen cell membrane.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Extracts derived from animals and plants are widely used as components of medicines, food additives, health foods and cosmetics. Heretofore, as a method for producing such an extract, a method has been used in which an appropriate solvent such as water is used, extraction is performed under heating and / or pressure, and then the solvent is removed. However, conventional methods often fail to effectively extract the target component contained in the raw material. Therefore, there has been a strong demand for the development of a method for extracting a component as much as possible from a specific raw material and efficiently producing a high-purity extract.

[0003]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies for the purpose of developing a method for efficiently extracting a target component from various raw materials. Once frozen and disrupted the cell membrane, using a normal extraction solvent, extract and concentrate,
The present inventors have found that an extract containing the target component can be obtained in high yield, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention treats tissues of animals and plants containing water ( excluding mushrooms) at a temperature of −15 ° C. to −20 ° C. for at least 48 hours, which is a time sufficient for cell membranes to be destroyed. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting an animal or plant extract by destruction of a frozen cell membrane, which comprises extracting with an alcohol-based solvent and then removing the solvent from the extract.

The method of the present invention has succeeded in promoting the elution of a target component contained in the cytoplasm by utilizing the destruction of the cell membrane due to the volume expansion of water during freezing, and increasing the extraction efficiency with a solvent. The method is applicable to tissues of any animal or plant (excluding mushrooms) containing water. The method of the present invention, therefore, oysters, tuna, seafood such as cod, livestock such as cows, pigs, various herbs, vegetables such as garlic and radish,
Controls include those that can be raw materials for medicines, folk medicines, seasonings, health (functional) foods, and luxury items, including shrubs such as fruits and tea. That is, the present invention is not limited to the use of a specific raw material, but includes all animals and plants (excluding mushrooms).
It can be applied to the production of an extract using the tissue of the present invention. It is particularly suitable for producing oyster extracts and vegetable extracts.

[0005] The method of the present invention comprises the steps of:
Alternatively, after cutting into sections of an appropriate size, the tissue is treated at a temperature sufficient for completely freezing the water in the tissue cells and destroying the cell membrane for a necessary time . That is, if necessary, about 1
A tissue section cut to a size of 5 mm to 5 mm is usually taken at a temperature of -15.
Freeze at -25 ° C, preferably -15-20 ° C, more preferably -20 ° C until the raw material is completely frozen.
The time for this depends on the quality and quantity of the raw materials, but usually 48 hours or more is sufficient. Next, the frozen tissue is extracted with a hydrophilic solvent, preferably water or an alcohol solvent, according to a conventional method. The conditions for extraction are
It is appropriately selected depending on the raw material and the solvent used, for example,
Various conditions such as normal pressure or reduced pressure of about 400 to about 500 mmHg, or pressurized pressure up to 2.0 atm, low temperature, room temperature, heated or heated perfusion are combined. Suitable conditions can in each case be readily selected on the basis of the ordinary knowledge of the person skilled in the art. For example, when the raw oyster is a raw material, it is frozen at about −20 ° C., and water is used as an extraction solvent at 100 ° C. for 50 to 80 minutes, preferably 60 minutes, with a jacket (steam pressure: 2 atm) under stirring. Extract hot. The extract is then filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. Also,
When vegetables such as radishes and carrots are used, they are cut into slices having a thickness of several mm, preferably about 3 mm, frozen, and then extracted at 1 atm and a temperature of 100 ° C. Next, an extract can be obtained by filtration and concentration.

[0006]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples.
These are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the invention. Example 1 Production of Oyster Meat Extract 300 kg of oyster oyster meat was divided into 20 kg nylon bags and placed in a 18-liter zinc-plated iron-plate zinc can.
Leave in the freezer at 0 ° C. for 48 hours or more until the raw material in the center of the can is completely frozen. The frozen oyster raw material (300 kg) in which the cell membrane was destroyed was stirred with 900 L of water using an extraction pot (capacity: 1500 L; heating steam pressure: 2 atm; temperature: 1).
(00 ° C.) for 60 minutes with stirring. After the extraction, the mixture is filtered with a coarse filter cloth and then re-filtered with a filter press. The filtrate is concentrated in a vacuum concentrator to an extract concentration of 35% while measuring with a densitometer (Brix). This is sterilized by passing through an instant sterilizer to obtain an extract product (yield 105 kg). 100x [extract product amount (k
g) x extract concentration (%)] / extract yield (%) expressed as raw material (kg) was obtained to obtain 12.25%. This is 3
00X0.1225 = 36.75 kg of 100% pure oyster extract was obtained. That is, the yield of the pure oyster extract according to the method of the present invention was 12.25%, and the yield was 36.75 kg.

Comparative Example 1 300 kg of oysters were extracted, filtered and concentrated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the oysters were not frozen, and as a result, the yield of pure extract was 10.5%. Was. The yield of the pure oyster extract in this case was 31.5 kg, which was 1.75% in yield and 5.25 k in yield as compared with Example 1.
g less.

Example 2 Production of vegetable extract 143 kg of fresh radish, 69 kg of fresh radish leaves, 57 k of fresh carrot
g, raw burdock 28 kg, raw shiitake 3 kg, 3 m
m, cut into a nylon bag, packed in a cardboard box, and left in a freezer at −20 ° C. for 48 hours or more. Then, the frozen material (300 kg) was heated with 900 L of water while jacket stirring (temperature: 1
(00 ° C.) for 70 minutes. After extraction, Example 1
As above, after coarse filtration, re-filter with a filter press,
The product is concentrated to 20% Brix using a vacuum concentrator, and sterilized by passing through an instant sterilizer to obtain an extract product (yield 78 kg). The yield of the pure vegetable extract calculated in the same manner as in Example 1 was 5.2%, and the yield was 15.6 kg.

Comparative Example 2 300 kg of the same vegetable material as in Example 2 was extracted, filtered, and processed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the freezing treatment was not performed.
As a result of concentration, the yield of the pure vegetable extract was 4.5% and the amount was 13.5 kg, which was 0.1% in comparison with Example 2.
7%, 2.1 kg less in yield.

[0010]

According to the method of the present invention, an extract containing the target component can be obtained from the tissues of animals and plants very efficiently as compared with the conventional method, and effective use of resources and reduction of costs can be achieved. .

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An animal or plant containing water (however, mushrooms
Tissue excluded), after the cell membrane at a temperature -15 ° C. ~ - 20 ° C. was 48 hours even without least a time sufficient to be destroyed, and extracted with water or an alcoholic solvent then removing the solvent from the extract A method for extracting an animal or plant extract by destruction of a frozen cell membrane. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is water, methanol, ethanol,
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said compound is propanol or any mixture thereof.
The described method. 3. A plant and animal tissues, fish, herbs, method according to any one of claims 21 to is of a tissue selected from vegetable and meat.