JP2651424B2 - Culture medium for mushroom cultivation - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation medium capable of artificially cultivating mushrooms, particularly mushrooms having almost the same appearance, color, texture and taste as matsutake mushrooms.

(Conventional technology) Artificial cultivation methods of mushrooms have been actively studied conventionally,
Various culture media for cultivation used for it have been developed.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) Conventional mushroom cultivation methods are mainly enokidake, oyster mushroom,
A cultivation method for nameko, mushrooms and the like, and a cultivation method capable of realizing artificial cultivation of matsutake has not yet been developed. Further, even if artificial cultivation of matsutake mushrooms is impossible, a method of cultivating mushrooms similar to matsutake mushrooms in appearance, color, texture and taste has not yet been developed.

(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a culture medium for mushroom cultivation capable of artificially cultivating mushrooms that are almost the same in appearance, color, texture, taste, etc. as pine mushrooms, which were previously considered impossible to cultivate artificially. It is in.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The culture medium for cultivating mushrooms and mushrooms of the present invention uses compost or sawdust as a culture base, and is mixed with bad guano.

(Example) Compost, especially rice straw compost is suitable as a culture substrate in the present invention. Rice straw compost that is not too rotten is not preferred, and for example, one made as follows is desirable. twenty five~
20 kg of urea and 20 lime nitrogen per ton of rice straw cut to about 30 cm
and 10 kg of ammonium sulfate, add water and let it rest for about 20 to 25 days, and turn it back about 5 times (once every 4 to 5 days). In the present invention, 80 kg of granular bad guano (a natural organic fertilizer in which bat dung has grown for thousands of years in a calcareous cave) is mixed at the third or fourth turning of the above turning. The above-mentioned ammonium sulfate may not be required in some cases.

Incidentally, the outline of the components (%) contained in bad guano is as follows.

Moisture 0.68% Total nitrogen (TN) 0.01% or less Total phosphoric acid (TP
₂ O ₅₎ 35.80% rather soluble phosphate _{(C-P 2 O 5)} 19.50% Potassium total amount _{(T-K 2 O) 0.07} % lime total amount _{(T-C a O) 44.60} % magnesia total amount (T-M _g O) 0.11% pH (H ₂ O): 26 ° C. 7.4 The material of the compost may be other than rice straw, and may be, for example, wheat straw.

The compost is not made as above,
It may be compost coming out of a barn by raising a stable or a barn. By the way, when using compost coming out of the barn, kill the germs before using.

The culture substrate may be sawdust instead of compost.

(Experimental example) The culture medium 1 for mushroom cultivation produced as described above is placed in a culture floor box 2 (for example, length L = 80 cm, width W = 53c) as shown in FIG.
m, depth H = 24cm), as shown in Fig. 2, packed into a thickness of 18-20cm, heated to about 60-70 ° C and post-fermented (secondary fermentation) over 2-3 days, The bacteria in the compost and the bacteria in the box are killed, and the water in the culture bed box 2 is made uniform. Thereafter, the heating was stopped and the mixture was allowed to cool naturally for about 24 hours to lower the temperature to about 22 to 23 ° C. At this time, the inoculum was inoculated on or in the culture medium 1 for mushroom cultivation. In the experimental examples, Miwa matsutake fungi (a bacterium developed by Gunma Sanwa Shoji Co., Ltd.) was used as the mushroom seed fungus in this case.

In this state, the room humidity is reduced to about 80%,
Culture medium for mushroom cultivation 1 in 15-20 days when maintained at ~ 70%
Mycelium protruded. The soil was covered to a thickness of about 3 cm from above. Soil for covering soil is 0.5% in breeding loam containing about 40% red soil.
% Slaked lime was used to adjust the pH to around 7.

The germination starts about 20 days after the soil covering,
As shown in Fig. 2, it becomes a pin head 3 of the size of a match stick,
It becomes soybean size on the second day, and on the third day it is 1-1.5 cm both vertically and horizontally
It was about the size. On the fourth day, the diameter of the umbrella is 2
2.5cm, total length 3-4cm. On day 5, the umbrella has a diameter of 2.
5-3.5cm, total length 4-5.5cm, umbrella diameter 3.5 ~ on day 6
It was 4.5 cm, total length was 5.5 to 6.5 cm, and the length of the stem was about 4 to 5 cm. The sixth day is the best time to harvest. The mushroom at this time was almost the same as matsutake in appearance, color, texture and taste.

On the seventh day, the umbrella opens, the diameter is 5 to 5.5 cm, and the total length is 7
cm, and on the eighth day the umbrella opens flat.

The harvesting period was about 5 months, but the period during which high quality mushrooms could be harvested was about 3 months. In addition, the growth was better, the shape was better, and the yield was larger than that of the same type of mushroom cultivated in the conventional culture medium for mushroom cultivation.

(Effect of the Invention) Since the culture medium for cultivating mushrooms of the present invention contains bad guano (organic phosphoric acid), it has the following effects.

(1) The growth of mushrooms is good, the shape is good, and the yield is large.

(2) Appearance, texture,
Almost the same taste and aroma as matsutake can be obtained.
By the way, in the experiment of the present invention, even if Sanwa matsutake fungus is used,
Without using bad guano, pine mushroom-like mushrooms could not be obtained.

(3) When rice straw compost is used as a culture substrate, it can be effectively used as a fertilizer by throwing it away into a culture substrate after completion of cultivation, a rice field, or a field. By the way, when sawdust is used as a culture substrate, it cannot be discarded in the fields, so there is a difficulty in disposal after use.

(4) The period from filling of the culture medium for mushroom cultivation 1 into the culture bed box 2 to harvesting is as short as about 40 days, and the harvesting period is as long as about 100 days, so that efficient cultivation can be performed.

(5) When cultivating mushrooms other than matsutake mushrooms, such as enoki mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, nameko, etc., it is possible to obtain about three times the yield in comparison with a conventional culture medium for mushroom cultivation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a cultivation method using a culture medium for mushroom cultivation of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cultivation method. 1 is a culture medium for mushroom cultivation 2 is a culture bed box 3 is a pin head

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A culture medium for cultivating mushrooms, comprising compost or sawdust as a culture base and mixing with bad guano. 2. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the culture substrate is rice straw compost. 3. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the culture substrate is wheat compost.