CN107484536A - A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam - Google Patents

A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107484536A
CN107484536A CN201710934616.XA CN201710934616A CN107484536A CN 107484536 A CN107484536 A CN 107484536A CN 201710934616 A CN201710934616 A CN 201710934616A CN 107484536 A CN107484536 A CN 107484536A
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chinese yam
planting groove
arc
groove
planting
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CN107484536B (en
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陈凤花
莫文油
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Ningbo Yuanzhicube Energy Technology Co ltd
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Nanning Zhi Qiao Agricultural Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02Superphosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:Step 1:Prepare planting matrix;Step 2:Groove is dug out on the both sides of furrow and be put into planting groove with hoe, the planting groove is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °~15 °, and the corresponding planting groove of each two is spatially crossed as X-type structure each other, the section of the planting groove is open upwards for semicircle and inner chamber, the planting groove surrounds the internal cylinder with cavity together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards, through hole is provided with the arc, soil is returned and covers the planting groove and the arc;Step 3:Seed treatment;Step 4:A GSNO foliar fertilizer was sprayed during plantation every 10~15 days, after extracing terminal bud, sprays the mixed liquor of 2~3 acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione;Step 5:Cultivate administration;Step 6:Harvesting.The Chinese yam cultural method of the present invention has the advantages that per mu yield is high, and disease is few and harvesting is easy.

Description

A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, the directional cultivation method of more particularly to a kind of Chinese yam.
Background technology
Chinese yam is also known as Chinese yam, and edible or medicinal, meat fat meat is provided with its loose root tuber, rich in starch, a variety of dimension lifes Element and choline, nutritive value are higher.Chinese yam growth is extensive, available for medicinal or common edible, is welcome by the masses very much, market Demand is big.Traditional Chinese yam plantation needs to dig zanjon or plays deep hole plantation, causes harvesting difficulty, time-consuming, and easily Stem tuber is damaged, therefore general planting groove is oriented cultivation now.Planted at present using U-type groove for general, or use knot potato cylinder kind Plant, there is the defects of many using U-type groove plantation, such as easily hardened in the more local soil of rainwater, nutrient is easily lost in, and makes The grown junction potato for obtaining Chinese yam is difficult;Planted using knot potato cylinder, although influence caused by being avoided that soil hardening, is needed when in use Filling soil workload into knot potato cylinder is larger, and the phase causes soil complete because soil becomes finer and close after planting Filling knot potato cylinder, and then influence growing for Chinese yam stem tuber.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above and/or defect, and provide at least will be described later it is excellent Point.
It is few that another object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of high disease of yield, harvests convenient Chinese yam implantation methods.
In order to realize object of the present invention and other advantages, there is provided a kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it includes Following steps:
Step 1:Tea leaf powder, decomposed manure are well mixed with sandy loam, obtain planting matrix;
Step 2:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Existed with hoe Groove, length direction of the groove along furrow are dug out in the both sides of furrow, and the groove is put into planting groove, the planting groove and ground It is obliquely installed into 10 °~15 °, and the corresponding planting groove of each two is spatially crossed as X-type structure, the planting groove each other Section be open upwards for semicircle and inner chamber, the planting groove surrounds inside together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards to be had The cylinder of cavity, through hole is provided with the arc, it is straight that the planting matrix is filled up into the whole planting groove when in use Swelled to the notch in planting groove, then the arc is covered on the notch of the planting groove, returned soil and cover the kind Plant groove and the arc;
Step 3:In annual 3~April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 6~8cm, smear otch with plant ash, treat otch It is planted in after healing on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, after seedling grows to 20~40cm With small bamboo cane insert 1.3~2m of hedge formation hedge, grown up for seedling winding, nitroso paddy Guang was sprayed every 10~15 days Sweet peptide foliar fertilizer is once;When Chinese yam tendril grows to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, the mixed of acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione is sprayed Close liquid 2~3 times;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30~40kg, every mu of early July apply 100~150kg of slow-release fertilizer, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the tea leaf powder, decomposed manure and sandy loam is 10~15:50~70:20~30. Decomposed manure is added in sandy loam, adds the organic matter of sandy loam, makes that the soil is porous, avoid soil occur it is hardened Situation, make the Chinese yam build of plantation, weight evenly;By adding tea leaf powder, mole cricket, grub and Chinese yam root knot can be effectively avoided The infringement of nematodiasis, makes that Chinese yam outward appearance, the color of plantation are all good, and appearance is more preferable.
Preferably, controlled micro crystallization ground phosphate rock, stalk are well mixed with animal wastes, addition EM bacteria agent stacking fermentation 2~4 My god, addition silicate bacteria, raw fat azospirillum and lactic acid VREF carry out turning after fermenting 10~15 days, continue fermentation 10 ~15 days, obtain the decomposed manure.The decomposed manure obtained by directive breeding microorganism is not only complete with nutrient The characteristics of face, lasting fertilizer efficiency, also there is the growth for suppressing pathogenic microorganism, reduce the generation of disease, by adding silicate Bacterium is embodied as plant with raw fat azospirillum and endlessly provides nutrient, and addition lactic acid VREF causes big after fermenting Enterobacteria≤70/gram, and lactic acid VREF has excellent prevention effect to root rot.
Preferably, the mass ratio of silicate bacteria, raw fat azospirillum and lactic acid VREF is 8~10:8~10:3 ~5.
Preferably, a width of 0.5~0.8m of the furrow, a height of 30~40cm of the furrow, the length of the planting groove 1 For 80~120cm, a diameter of 10~15cm, a diameter of 15~30cm of the arc.Appropriate planting density can guarantee that Huaihe River The normal photosynthesis in mountain, avoid only long tendril not long potato the problem of.
Preferably, the earthworm of 100~200 parts by weight is placed in container, gradually stepping up temperature makes earthworm self-dissolving, addition The chlorella breeding wastewater concentrate of 50~100 parts by weight, the GSNO of 30~50 parts by weight, stirs, and 70 ~80 DEG C of 20~30min of insulation, obtain the GSNO foliar fertilizer.There is abundant nothing in chlorella breeding wastewater Machine salt and chlorella cometabolism accessory substance can effectively facilitate the growth of Chinese yam, improve the chlorophyll content of Chinese yam blade More than 50%, the polysaccharide of obtained Chinese yam is more than doubled, Chinese yam per mu yield improves more than 20%;Pass through nitrous The amino acid that glutathione obtains with earthworm self-dissolving mixes, and blade is cooperateed with during amino acid is absorbed and absorbs nitrous paddy Guang Sweet peptide, nitric oxide production content in Chinese yam blade is improved using nitrous glutathione, so as to reach to anthracnose, brown spot and sore The preventive and therapeutic effect of scall.
Preferably, the concentration of acetylsalicylic acid is 2~10mg/L in the mixed liquor, the concentration of glutathione for 40~ 100mg/L.Acetylsalicylic acid can promote the opening of stomata, promote absorption of the blade to glutathione, so as to promote the life of lateral bud Go out, the bud ratio of lateral bud is improved more than 40%;The salicylic acid and acetic acid that acetylsalicylic acid is formed after decomposing, salicylic acid have anti- The effect of bacterium;Acetic acid can suppress the bioactivity of glycolate oxidase, improve the photosynthesis of Chinese yam, improve the yield of Chinese yam.
Preferably, wormcast, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate and AVM are well mixed, are added to after particle is made It is well mixed in the paraffin of melting, obtains the slow-release fertilizer.Using slow-release fertilizer, the nutrient need of the whole late growing stage of Chinese yam can be met Ask, AVM has good preventing and treating to Chinese yam root knot nematode disease, and AVM is added in slow release fertilizer, Chinese yam is existed Throughout the growing season avoid the occurrence of root knot nematode disease.
Preferably, wormcast, thermoplastic starch, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, AVM, water and glycerine are mixed Uniformly, in 140~180 DEG C of plasticizing extrusions, the arc is obtained.By using degradable arc, can not only serve as Fertilizer, while Chinese yam constantly grows, arc constantly decomposes release fertilizer, and when Chinese yam grows up to, arc, which also decomposes, to disappear Lose, the effect of fertilizer slow release can not only be played, arc can also be avoided to fetter Chinese yam.
Beneficial effect:The Chinese yam cultural method of the present invention, than being easier to add planting matrix using planting tube, save artificial Cost, and the close rear planting matrix of later stage planting matrix qualitative change for overcoming plantation can not be filled up completely with planting tube so that it is unfavorable for Absorption of the root system to nutrient, hinders growing for stem tuber;By covering arc by the notch in planting groove, it is avoided that Later stage soil hardening is planted, is advantageous to Chinese yam tuber growth.Chinese yam implantation methods of the present invention have that disease is few, anti-continuous cropping, polysaccharide The features such as content is high, and mucilaginous substance content is high and yield is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of planting groove of the directional cultivation method of Chinese yam of the present invention and arc schematic diagram.
1 planting groove;2 arcs;3 through holes.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text Word can be implemented according to this.
As shown in figure 1, planting groove 1 is to be covered in radius bend plate, opening upwards, arc 2 in the top of planting groove, The internal cylinder with cavity is cooperatively formed with planting groove, through hole 3 is provided with arc.
Embodiment 1
A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Tea leaf powder, decomposed manure are well mixed with sandy loam, obtain planting matrix;
Step 2:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Existed with hoe Groove, length direction of the groove along furrow are dug out in the both sides of furrow, and the groove is put into planting groove 1 as shown in Figure 1, described Planting groove 1 is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °, and the corresponding planting groove of each two is spatially crossed as X-type structure, institute each other The section for stating planting groove is open upwards for semicircle and inner chamber, and the planting groove surrounds together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards Inside has the cylinder of cavity, and through hole 3 is provided with the arc, when in use fills up the planting matrix whole described Planting groove 1 is up to protuberance, then the arc 2 is covered on the planting groove 1, is not only avoided that soil hardening hinders stem tuber Growth, also make it that nutrient is absorbed more fully, return soil and cover the planting groove 1 and the arc 2;
Step 3:In annual April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 8cm, smear otch otch with plant ash, treat that otch is cured It is planted in after conjunction on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting hedge, is grown up for seedling winding, a GSNO foliar fertilizer was sprayed every 10 days;Treat Chinese yam tendril When growing to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, the mixed liquor of 2 acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione is sprayed, was sprayed once every 3 days;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30kg, every mu of early July apply slow-release fertilizer 150kg, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Embodiment 2
A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1:It is 10 by mass ratio:50:20 tea leaf powder, decomposed manure are well mixed with sandy loam, are planted Matrix;
Step 2:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Existed with hoe Groove, length direction of the groove along furrow are dug out in the both sides of furrow, and the groove is put into planting groove 1 as shown in Figure 1, described Planting groove 1 is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °, and the corresponding planting groove of each two is spatially crossed as X-type structure, institute each other The section for stating planting groove is open upwards for semicircle and inner chamber, and the planting groove surrounds together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards Inside has the cylinder of cavity, and through hole 3 is provided with the arc, when in use fills up the planting matrix whole described Planting groove 1 is up to protuberance, then the arc 2 is covered on the planting groove 1, is not only avoided that soil hardening hinders stem tuber Growth, also make it that nutrient is absorbed more fully, return soil and cover the planting groove 1 and the arc 2;
Step 3:In annual April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 8cm, smear otch otch with plant ash, treat that otch is cured It is planted in after conjunction on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting hedge, is grown up for seedling winding, a GSNO foliar fertilizer was sprayed every 10 days;Treat Chinese yam tendril When growing to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, the mixed liquor of 2 acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione is sprayed;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30kg, every mu of early July apply slow-release fertilizer 150kg, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Embodiment 3
A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Controlled micro crystallization ground phosphate rock, stalk are well mixed with animal wastes, addition EM bacteria agent stacking ferments 2 days, adds Add silicate bacteria, raw fat azospirillum and lactic acid VREF to carry out turning after fermenting 10 days, continue fermentation 10 days, obtain institute State decomposed manure;It is 15 by mass ratio:70:20 tea leaf powder, decomposed manure are well mixed with sandy loam, obtain planting matrix Matter;
Step 2:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Groove, the groove edge are dug out on the both sides of furrow with hoe The length direction of furrow, the groove put it is as shown in Figure 1 enter planting groove 1, the planting groove 1 is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °, And the corresponding planting groove of each two is spatially crossed as X-type structure each other, the section of the planting groove is semicircle and interior Chamber is open upwards, and the planting groove surrounds the internal cylinder with cavity, the arc together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards Through hole 3 is provided with shape plate, the planting matrix is filled up into the whole planting groove 1 until swelling, then described when in use Arc 2 is covered on the planting groove 1, is not only avoided that soil hardening hinders the growth of stem tuber, also make it that nutrient is absorbed More fully, return soil and cover the planting groove 1 and the arc 2;
Step 3:In annual April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 8cm, otch is smeared with plant ash, after wound healing It is planted on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting the high hedges of hedge formation 2m, is grown up for seedling winding, a GSNO leaf was sprayed every 10 days Leaven;When Chinese yam tendril grows to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, the mixed liquor of 2 acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione is sprayed;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30kg, every mu of early July apply slow-release fertilizer 150kg, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Embodiment 4
A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Controlled micro crystallization ground phosphate rock, stalk are well mixed with animal wastes, addition EM bacteria agent stacking ferments 3 days, adds It is 10 to add mass ratio:10:5 silicate bacteria, raw fat azospirillum and lactic acid VREF carry out turning after fermenting 10 days, after Supervention ferment 15 days, obtains the decomposed manure;It is 15 by mass ratio:70:20 tea leaf powder, decomposed manure and sandy loam mixes Close uniform, acquisition planting matrix;
Step 2:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Groove, the groove edge are dug out on the both sides of furrow with hoe The length direction of furrow, the groove is put into planting groove 1 as shown in Figure 1, and the planting groove 1 is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °, and The corresponding planting groove of each two is spatially crossed as X-type structure each other, and the section of the planting groove is semicircle and inner chamber It is open upwards, the planting groove surrounds the internal cylinder with cavity, the arc together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards Through hole 3 is provided with plate, the planting matrix is filled up into the whole planting groove 1 until swelling, then the arc when in use Shape plate 2 is covered on the planting groove 1, is not only avoided that soil hardening hinders the growth of stem tuber, also make it that nutrient is absorbed More fully, return soil and cover the planting groove 1 and the arc 2;
Step 3:In annual April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 8cm, otch is smeared with plant ash, after wound healing It is planted on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting hedge, is grown up for seedling winding, a GSNO foliar fertilizer was sprayed every 10 days;Treat Chinese yam tendril When growing to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, the mixed liquor of 2 acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione is sprayed;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30kg, every mu of early July apply slow-release fertilizer 150kg, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Embodiment 5
A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Controlled micro crystallization ground phosphate rock, stalk are well mixed with animal wastes, addition EM bacteria agent stacking ferments 3 days, adds It is 10 to add mass ratio:10:5 silicate bacteria, raw fat azospirillum and lactic acid VREF carry out turning after fermenting 10 days, after Supervention ferment 15 days, obtains the decomposed manure;It is 15 by mass ratio:70:20 tea leaf powder, decomposed manure and sandy loam mixes Close uniform, acquisition planting matrix;
Step 2:By ploughing soil, furrow are played, a width of 0.5m, a height of 30cm of furrow, dislocation plantation are intersected using duplicate rows, with hoe Head digs out groove, length direction of the groove along furrow on the both sides of furrow, and the groove is put into planting groove 1 as shown in Figure 1, The length of the planting groove 1 is 120cm, a diameter of 15cm, and the planting groove 1 is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °, and each two phase Corresponding planting groove is spatially crossed as X-type structure each other, and the section of the planting groove is open upwards for semicircle and inner chamber, The planting groove surrounds the internal cylinder with cavity together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards, the arc it is a diameter of 30cm, through hole 3 is provided with the arc, the planting matrix is filled up into the whole planting groove 1 until grand when in use Rise, then the arc 2 is covered on the planting groove 1, be not only avoided that soil hardening hinders the growth of stem tuber, also cause Nutrient is absorbed more fully, returns soil and covers the planting groove 1 and the arc 2;
Step 3:In annual April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 8cm, otch is smeared with plant ash, after wound healing It is planted on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting hedge, is grown up for seedling winding, a GSNO foliar fertilizer was sprayed every 10 days;Treat Chinese yam tendril When growing to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, the mixed liquor of 2 acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione is sprayed;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30kg, every mu of early July apply slow-release fertilizer 150kg, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Embodiment 6
A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Controlled micro crystallization ground phosphate rock, stalk are well mixed with animal wastes, addition EM bacteria agent stacking ferments 3 days, adds It is 10 to add mass ratio:10:5 silicate bacteria, raw fat azospirillum and lactic acid VREF carry out turning after fermenting 10 days, after Supervention ferment 15 days, obtains the decomposed manure;It is 15 by mass ratio:70:20 tea leaf powder, decomposed manure and sandy loam mixes Close uniform, acquisition planting matrix;
Step 2:By ploughing soil, furrow are played, a width of 0.5m, a height of 30cm of furrow, dislocation plantation are intersected using duplicate rows, with hoe Head digs out groove, length direction of the groove along furrow on the both sides of furrow, and the groove is put into planting groove 1 as shown in Figure 1, The length of shown planting groove 1 is 120cm, a diameter of 15cm, and the planting groove 1 is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °, and each two phase Corresponding planting groove is spatially crossed as X-type structure each other, and the section of the planting groove is open upwards for semicircle and inner chamber, The planting groove surrounds the internal cylinder with cavity together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards, the arc it is a diameter of 30cm, through hole 3 is provided with the arc, the planting matrix is filled up into the whole planting groove 1 until grand when in use Rise, then the arc 2 is covered on the planting groove 1, be not only avoided that soil hardening hinders the growth of stem tuber, also cause Nutrient is absorbed more fully, returns soil and covers the planting groove 1 and the arc 2;
Step 3:In annual April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 8cm, otch is smeared with plant ash, after wound healing It is planted on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting hedge, is grown up for seedling winding;The earthworm of 100 parts by weight is placed in container, gradually stepping up temperature makes earthworm Self-dissolving, the chlorella breeding wastewater concentrate of 100 parts by weight is added, the GSNO of 50 parts by weight, is stirred, 80 DEG C insulation 20min, obtain the GSNO foliar fertilizer;A GSNO blade face was sprayed every 10 days Fertilizer;When Chinese yam tendril grows to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, the mixed liquor of 2 acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione is sprayed;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30kg, every mu of early July apply slow-release fertilizer 150kg, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Embodiment 7
A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Controlled micro crystallization ground phosphate rock, stalk are well mixed with animal wastes, addition EM bacteria agent stacking ferments 3 days, adds It is 10 to add mass ratio:10:5 silicate bacteria, raw fat azospirillum and lactic acid VREF carry out turning after fermenting 10 days, after Supervention ferment 15 days, obtains the decomposed manure;It is 15 by mass ratio:70:20 tea leaf powder, decomposed manure and sandy loam mixes Close uniform, acquisition planting matrix;
Step 2:By ploughing soil, furrow are played, a width of 0.5m, a height of 30cm of furrow, dislocation plantation are intersected using duplicate rows, with hoe Head digs out groove, length direction of the groove along furrow on the both sides of furrow, and the groove is put into planting groove 1 as shown in Figure 1, The length of shown planting groove 1 is 120cm, a diameter of 15cm, and the planting groove 1 is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °, and each two phase Corresponding planting groove is spatially crossed as X-type structure each other, and the section of the planting groove is open upwards for semicircle and inner chamber, The planting groove surrounds the internal cylinder with cavity together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards, the arc it is a diameter of 30cm, through hole 3 is provided with the arc, the planting matrix is filled up into the whole planting groove 1 until grand when in use Rise, then the arc 2 is covered on the planting groove 1, be not only avoided that soil hardening hinders the growth of stem tuber, also cause Nutrient is absorbed more fully, returns soil and covers the planting groove 1 and the arc 2;
Step 3:In annual April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 8cm, otch is smeared with plant ash, after wound healing It is planted on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting hedge, is grown up for seedling winding;The earthworm of 100 parts by weight is placed in container, gradually stepping up temperature makes earthworm Self-dissolving, the chlorella breeding wastewater concentrate of 100 parts by weight is added, the GSNO of 50 parts by weight, is stirred, 80 DEG C insulation 20min, obtain the GSNO foliar fertilizer;A GSNO blade face was sprayed every 10 days Fertilizer;When Chinese yam tendril grows to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, 2 10mg/L acetylsalicylic acid and 100mg/L paddy Guang are sprayed The mixed liquor of sweet peptide;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30kg, every mu of early July apply slow-release fertilizer 150kg, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Embodiment 8
A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Controlled micro crystallization ground phosphate rock, stalk are well mixed with animal wastes, addition EM bacteria agent stacking ferments 3 days, adds It is 10 to add mass ratio:10:5 silicate bacteria, raw fat azospirillum and lactic acid VREF carry out turning after fermenting 10 days, after Supervention ferment 15 days, obtains the decomposed manure;It is 15 by mass ratio:70:20 tea leaf powder, decomposed manure and sandy loam mixes Close uniform, acquisition planting matrix;
Step 2:By ploughing soil, furrow are played, a width of 0.5m, a height of 30cm of furrow, dislocation plantation are intersected using duplicate rows, with hoe Head digs out groove, length direction of the groove along furrow on the both sides of furrow, and the groove is put into planting groove 1 as shown in Figure 1, The length of the planting groove 1 is 120cm, a diameter of 15cm, and the planting groove 1 is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °, and each two phase Corresponding planting groove is spatially crossed as X-type structure each other, and the section of the planting groove is open upwards for semicircle and inner chamber, The planting groove surrounds the internal cylinder with cavity together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards, the arc it is a diameter of 30cm, through hole 3 is provided with the arc 2, the planting matrix is filled up into the whole planting groove 1 until grand when in use Rise, then the arc 2 is covered on the planting groove 1, be not only avoided that soil hardening hinders the growth of stem tuber, also cause Nutrient is absorbed more fully, returns soil and covers the planting groove 1 and the arc 2;
Step 3:In annual April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 8cm, otch is smeared with plant ash, after wound healing It is planted on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting hedge, is grown up for seedling winding;The earthworm of 100 parts by weight is placed in container, gradually stepping up temperature makes earthworm Self-dissolving, the chlorella breeding wastewater concentrate of 100 parts by weight is added, the GSNO of 50 parts by weight, is stirred, 80 DEG C insulation 20min, obtain the GSNO foliar fertilizer;A GSNO blade face was sprayed every 10 days Fertilizer;When Chinese yam tendril grows to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, 2 2mg/L acetylsalicylic acid and 40mg/L gluathione are sprayed The mixed liquor of peptide;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30kg, wormcast, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate and AVM are well mixed, are added to after particle is made in the paraffin of melting It is well mixed, obtain the slow-release fertilizer;Every mu of early July applies slow-release fertilizer 150kg, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Embodiment 9
A kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Tea leaf powder, decomposed manure are well mixed with sandy loam, obtain planting matrix;
Step 2:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:Existed with hoe Groove, length direction of the groove along furrow are dug out in the both sides of furrow, and the groove is put into planting groove 1 as shown in Figure 1, described Planting groove 1 is obliquely installed with ground into 10 °, and the corresponding planting groove of each two is spatially crossed as X-type structure, institute each other The section for stating planting groove is open upwards for semicircle and inner chamber, and the planting groove surrounds together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards Inside has the cylinder of cavity, and through hole 3 is provided with the arc, when in use fills up the planting matrix whole described Planting groove 1 is up to protuberance, then the arc 2 is covered on the planting groove 1, is not only avoided that soil hardening hinders stem tuber Growth, also make it that nutrient is absorbed more fully, return soil and cover the planting groove 1 and the arc 2, wherein, the arc The preparation method of shape plate is to mix wormcast, thermoplastic starch, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, AVM, water and glycerine It is even, in 140 DEG C of plasticizing extrusions, obtain the arc.By using degradable arc, fertilizer can not only be served as, While Chinese yam constantly grows, arc constantly decomposes release fertilizer, and when Chinese yam grows up to, arc also decomposes disappearance, not only The effect of fertilizer slow release can be played, arc can also be avoided to fetter Chinese yam;
Step 3:In annual April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 8cm, smear otch otch with plant ash, treat that otch is cured It is planted in after conjunction on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting hedge, is grown up for seedling winding, a GSNO foliar fertilizer was sprayed every 10 days;Treat Chinese yam tendril When growing to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, the mixed liquor of 2 acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione is sprayed, was sprayed once every 3 days;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, every mu of May applies ammonium carbonate 30kg, every mu of early July apply slow-release fertilizer 150kg, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
Embodiment 10
Contrast experiment, method of the experimental group according to embodiment 8 are tested, and control group is according to embodiment 8 Method is tested, but substitutes the GSNO foliar fertilizer used in the present invention using common amino acid foliage fertilizer, right Chlorophyll, Chinese yam polysaccharide, amino acid content and per mu yield are detected, as a result as shown in the table:
Control group Experimental group
Chlorophyll 2.62mg/g 4.36mg/g
Chinese yam polysaccharide 25.8mg/g 58.3mg/g
Amino acid 17.5mg/g 34.8mg/g
Per mu yield 4604Kg/ mus 5965Kg/ mus
Understand from the above, the Chinese yam of the inventive method plantation, the chlorophyll content of blade improves 66.4%, polysaccharide Content improves 126%, and amino acid content improves 98.9%, and per mu yield improves 29.6%, illustrates the institute using the present invention The GSNO foliar fertilizer stated not only improves the yield of Chinese yam, and can significantly improve the polysaccharide and amino in Chinese yam Acid, improve the quality of Chinese yam.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, it is of the invention and unlimited In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of directional cultivation method of Chinese yam, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1:Tea leaf powder, decomposed manure are well mixed with sandy loam, obtain planting matrix;
Step 2:Build the plantation space that duplicate rows intersects dislocation:The impartial groove of multiple spacing is dug out on the both sides of furrow with hoe, Length direction of the groove along furrow, the groove are put into planting groove, and the planting groove is set with ground into 10 °~15 ° inclinations Put, and the corresponding planting groove of each two is spatially crossed as X-type structure each other, the section of the planting groove to be semicircle and Inner chamber is open upwards, and the planting groove surrounds the internal cylinder with cavity together with the arc that inner chamber is opened wide downwards, described Through hole is provided with arc, soil is returned and covers the planting groove and the arc;
Step 3:In annual 3~April, Chinese yam seed is cut into every section of 6~8cm, smear otch with plant ash, treat wound healing After be planted on the planting groove;
Step 4:After the Chinese yam seed germination, the seedling of 1 plant of robust growth is selected and remain, with small after seedling grows to 20~40cm Bamboo cane carries out inserting the hedge that hedge forms 1.3~2m, is grown up for seedling winding, a nitroso paddy Guang was sprayed every 10~15 days Sweet peptide foliar fertilizer;When Chinese yam tendril grows to hedge top, after extracing terminal bud, 2~3 acetylsalicylic acid and glutathione are sprayed Mixed liquor;
Step 5:In heat and drought condition season, to pour water and take precautions against drought, to keep upper soll layer to moisten, apply in every mu of May ammonium carbonate 30~ 40kg, every mu of early July apply 100~150kg of slow-release fertilizer, lasting plantation;
Step 6:Soil is opened during harvesting, Chinese yam is taken out from the planting tube, obtains the Chinese yam.
2. the directional cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tea leaf powder, decomposed manure Mass ratio with sandy loam is 10~15:50~70:20~30.
3. the directional cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that by controlled micro crystallization ground phosphate rock, stalk It is well mixed with animal wastes, addition EM bacteria agent stacking ferments 2~4 days, addition silicate bacteria, raw fat azospirillum and lactic acid VREF carries out turning after fermenting 10~15 days, continues fermentation 10~15 days, obtains the decomposed manure.
4. the directional cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 3, it is characterised in that silicate bacteria, raw fat fixed nitrogen spiral shell The mass ratio of bacterium and lactic acid VREF is 8~10:8~10:3~5.
5. the directional cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that a width of 0.5~0.8m of the furrow, A height of 30~40cm of the furrow, the length of the planting groove 1 are 80~120cm, a diameter of 10~15cm, the arc A diameter of 15~30cm.
6. the directional cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by the earthworm of 100~200 parts by weight It is placed in container, gradually stepping up temperature makes earthworm self-dissolving, adds the chlorella breeding wastewater concentrate and 30 of 50~100 parts by weight The GSNO of~50 parts by weight, stirs, and 70~80 DEG C of 20~30min of insulation, obtains the nitroso paddy Guang Sweet peptide foliar fertilizer.
7. the directional cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that acetylsalicylic acid in the mixed liquor Concentration be 2~10mg/L, the concentration of glutathione is 40~100mg/L.
8. the directional cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by wormcast, potassium chloride, peroxophosphoric acid Calcium and AVM are well mixed, and are made after particle to be added in the paraffin of melting and are well mixed, and obtain the slow-release fertilizer.
9. the directional cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by wormcast, thermoplastic starch, chlorine Change potassium, calcium superphosphate, AVM, water and glycerine to be well mixed, in 140~180 DEG C of plasticizing extrusions, obtain the arc Plate.
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CN108849349A (en) * 2018-07-06 2018-11-23 界首市宝凤家庭农场 A kind of southern implantation methods of Chinese yam
CN108934868A (en) * 2018-07-03 2018-12-07 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) A kind of anti-Chinese yam idioplasm resources bank garden store method mixed
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