JP2510476B2 - 骨ねじ - Google Patents

骨ねじ

Info

Publication number
JP2510476B2
JP2510476B2 JP6036201A JP3620194A JP2510476B2 JP 2510476 B2 JP2510476 B2 JP 2510476B2 JP 6036201 A JP6036201 A JP 6036201A JP 3620194 A JP3620194 A JP 3620194A JP 2510476 B2 JP2510476 B2 JP 2510476B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
head
screw
bore
bone screw
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP6036201A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPH06296621A (ja
Inventor
ルッツ・ビーダーマン
ユルゲン・ハルムス
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG
Publication of JPH06296621A publication Critical patent/JPH06296621A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2510476B2 publication Critical patent/JP2510476B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A61B17/7037—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other wherein pivoting is blocked when the rod is clamped
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032—Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の背景】この発明は、骨とロッドとを接続するた
めの骨ねじに関する。
【０００２】この種類の骨ねじは、ドイツ特許明細書第
３９ ２３ ９６６号に開示されている。この既知の骨
ねじは、ねじ切りされた部分とヘッドとを有するねじ部
材を含み、前記ヘッドは球状セグメントの形をした部分
を有し、この骨ねじはさらに、ねじ部材のヘッドとロッ
ドとを受入れるための円筒形の受入部材を含み、この受
入部材は、第１の端部と、この第１の端部に設けられ、
ねじ切りされた部分を貫通させるための第１のボアと、
このボアに隣接する内側の位置でヘッドを受入れる中空
の球状部分と、第１のボアに対向する側に向かって開
き、ねじ部材およびそのヘッドを挿入するための第２の
ボアとを有する。骨ねじに接続されるべきロッドは、ね
じ切りされ、このねじ切りされたロッドに設けられかつ
受入部材の外面に係合する２つのナットにより接続され
る。
【０００３】ヨーロッパ特許明細書第０ ４６５ １８
５号は、骨に固定されるべきシャフトと、ロッドを接続
するためのヘッドとを有する固定部材を開示している。
ヘッドは、シャフトに接続されるベースと、ロッドを受
入れるためのチャネルを形成する２つの自由脚とを有
し、このヘッドの断面は実質的にＵ字型である。第１の
内ねじは脚の内側で脚の方向に延び、脚の外側を囲む別
の部材とともに固定部材が設けられる。固定部材および
囲み部材は、２つの自由脚の内ねじにねじ込まれる中間
インサートを介して接続される。この既知の固定手段で
は、まず中間ピースが囲み部材と固定され、その後にの
み固定部材がねじ込まれなければならない。ヨーロッパ
特許明細書第０ ４４３ ８９２号は、ヘッドの自由脚
の周りに外リングを配置した装置を開示しており、この
外リングはチャネルに係合する舌部を含む。固定される
ときにこの舌部に作用する固定部材は、内ねじにねじ込
まれる。装置を操作するための、囲み部材と固定部材と
の別々の動きは与えられない。ねじもまた固定されず、
曲がったロッドの固定は不可能である。
【０００４】
【発明の目的】この発明の目的は、上述の欠点を回避す
る改良された骨ねじを提供することである。この発明の
別の目的は、丸いロッドを固定するための、特に脊柱の
矯正を行なうために普遍的に利用できるように適合され
る上述の種類の骨ねじを提供することである。この発明
のさらに他の目的は、曲がったまたは湾曲したロッドと
の接続に使用できる骨ねじを提供することである。
【０００５】
【発明の概要】この発明に従えば、骨とロッドとを接続
するための骨ねじは、ねじ切りされた部分とヘッドとを
有するねじ部材を含み、前記ヘッドは球状セグメントの
形をした部分を有し、この骨ねじはさらに、前記ねじ部
材の前記ヘッドと前記ロッドとを受入れるための円筒形
の受入部材を含み、前記受入部材は、第１の端部と、前
記第１の端部に設けられ、前記ねじ切りされた部分を貫
通させるための第１のボアと、前記ボアに隣接する内側
の位置で前記ヘッドを受入れるための中空の球状部分
と、第１のボアに対向する側に向かって開き、前記ねじ
部材とそのヘッドとを挿入するための第２のボアとを有
し、前記円筒形の受入部材はさらに、外ねじと内ねじと
が設けられる２つの自由脚を有し、かつその断面は実質
的にＵ字型であり、この骨ねじはさらに、前記ヘッドに
作用する圧力手段と、前記開いた端部で前記受入部材に
ねじ込まれ、前記Ｕ字型の断面に挿入されるときに前記
ロッドを固定するための固定ねじと、前記外ねじにはめ
込まれる固定ナットとを有する。この発明のさらなる利
点、特徴および目的は、図面とともに以下の例示的な実
施例の説明を参照すれば明らかになるであろう。
【０００６】
【好ましい実施例の詳細な説明】骨ねじは、ねじ切りさ
れた部分２とヘッド３とを有するねじ部材１を含む。ヘ
ッド３のねじ切りされた部分に隣接する側は、球状セグ
メントの形をしている。六角形のソケットねじキーと係
合するための穴４が、ねじ軸線と同軸となるように、ね
じ切りされた部分２と反対側にあるヘッド端部に設けら
れている。
【０００７】骨ねじは、円筒形の受入部材５をさらに含
む。この受入部材は、その一方端に設けられ、その直径
がねじ切りされた部分２の直径よりも大きくかつヘッド
３の直径よりも小さい軸方向に延びる第１のボア７を有
する。受入部材５は、第１のボア７と反対側の受入部材
の端部で開き、かつ、ねじ部材がこの開いた端部を貫通
するような大きさの直径の、同軸方向に延びる第２のボ
ア８を含み、それにより、ねじ切りされた部分は第１の
ボア７を介して案内され、ヘッド３は第２のボアのベー
スと係合する。第１のボアと第２のボアとの間には、第
１のボアにすぐ隣接し、かつ開いた端部に向かって球状
の表面を有する同軸方向の小さいセクション９があり、
これにより、この球状面の半径は、ヘッド３の球状セグ
メントの形をした部分の半径に実質的に一致する。第２
のボアは、セクション９から自由端に同軸的に延びる内
ねじ１０を有する。受入部材５は、この部材の中心に関
して対称なＵ字型の凹み６をさらに含む。Ｕ字型の凹み
６は、そのベースが第１のボア７に向けられ、かつ２つ
の側部の脚が第１のボアと反対側の開口端にまで延びる
ような形状にされる。Ｕ字型の凹みの脚の自由端には、
外ねじ１１が設けられる。
【０００８】ねじ部材は、ヘッド固定ナット１２および
ロッド固定ナット１３をさらに含み、これらはともに内
ねじ１０に対応する外ねじを有する。ヘッド固定ナット
１２の、ヘッド３に面する側には球形のさら穴部分１５
がある。固定ナット１２、１３はともに、六角形のソケ
ットねじキーと係合するための六角形のソケット面をそ
れぞれ有する。さらに、固定ナット１４は、外ねじ１１
に嵌め込まれる内ねじを含む。
【０００９】動作において、ねじ部材１は、第２のボア
の開口端を通過して第１のボアに入る。工具を穴４に係
合させることにより、ねじ部材１は脊柱にねじ込まれ
る。その後、ヘッド固定ナットはまず、六角形のソケッ
トねじキーでヘッド３に向かって緩くねじ込まれる。そ
のとき、受入部材５は、骨ねじと接続されるべき丸いロ
ッド１６を受入れるために正しく調節される。この調節
された位置を得ると、ヘッド固定ナットは、ねじ部材１
が受入部材５にしっかりと接続される程度まで締め付け
られる。その後、丸いロッド１６は最後にＵ字型の凹み
６に挿入され、ロッド固定ナット１３を挿入して締め付
けることにより、適切な位置で固定される。その後、固
定ナット１４が、図２に示される態様で、Ｕ字型の凹み
６の脚の自由端にはめ込まれる。固定ナット１４だけで
なくロッド固定ナット１３も、丸いロッド１６に所望の
固定力を及ぼすまで回される。それにより、ロッド１６
に作用する力をロッド固定ナット１３または固定ナット
１４により独立して調整できるという利点が得られる。
さらに、固定による最終的な締め付け、およびねじの保
持が得られる。
【００１０】ロッド固定ナット１３および固定ナット１
４により得られる別々の締め付けは、真っ直ぐなロッド
ではなく湾曲したロッドを固定する際に特に重要であ
る。この場合、両方のナットを独立して調整することに
よってのみ、正確な締め付けが可能である。
【００１１】図２において最良に示されるように、第１
のボア７は円錐形であり、これは、その外径がセクショ
ン９に隣接する側の直径よりも大きくなるようにテーパ
状になっている。これにより、ねじ部材１は、図２に示
される態様で、受入部材の対称軸に関して角度をなして
旋回できる。
【００１２】以下に、図３および図４に示される第２の
実施例を説明する。対応する部分は同じ参照符号で示さ
れる。
【００１３】ねじ部材１、ロッド固定ナット１３、およ
び固定ナット１４は、第１の実施例にちょうど対応す
る。上述の実施例とは異なり、セクション９と内ねじ１
０との間には、内ねじのない円筒形セクション１７が設
けられる。ヘッド固定ナットの代わりに圧力ディスク１
８が設けられ、これは、ヘッド３に面する側に球形のさ
ら穴部分１９を有するように形成される。さら穴部分１
９の半径は、ヘッド３の球形セグメントの形をした部分
の半径に実質的に一致する。圧力ディスク１８の外径
は、圧力ディスク１８が円筒形セクション１７内でスラ
イド可能であり、したがって円筒形セクション１７内で
ヘッドに向かって変位可能であるように選択される。２
つの実施例の他のエレメントはすべて同一である。好ま
しくは、圧力ディスク１８は、穴４へのアクセスを与え
かつ圧力ディスク１８をより十分に捕らえることができ
るようにする同軸方向のボア２０を有する。
【００１４】動作において、ねじ部材は、受入部材に挿
入された後、まず第１の実施例と同様にねじ込まれる。
その後、圧力ディスク１８およびロッド１６が順次挿入
される。第１の実施例とは異なり、ねじ部材１および受
入部材５′は、この段階で互いに関して自由に旋回され
得る。ねじ部材１および受入部材５′は互いに、したが
ってロッド１６も、ロッド固定ナット１３をねじ込む前
には固定されない。その後、ここでも固定ナット１４が
はめ込まれる。ここでも、固定ナット１４およびロッド
固定ナット１３は、これらの２つの部品のうちの各々が
ロッド１６に所望の固定力を及ぼすまで、ボアのベース
の方向に別々に回される。
【００１５】上述の２つの実施例に関して、一方の場合
においてはねじ部材と受入部材とがしっかりと接続さ
れ、したがって、互いに関して固定された位置で調節し
た後にロッド１６を固定し、第２の実施例では、ロッド
固定ナット１３を締め付ける前には最終的な調節がなさ
れない。
【００１６】第３の実施例において、部品はすべて第１
の実施例に対応する。ヘッド固定ナット１２に加えて、
またはその代わりに、圧力ディスク１８に対応し、かつ
第２の実施例と同じ意味でヘッド３に向かって内ねじに
沿ってスライド可能に変位され得るように選択される外
径を有する圧力ディスクが設けられる。圧力ディスクを
使用する場合の締め付けは、その後第２の実施例と同じ
態様で得られる。
【００１７】第３の実施例の利点は、両方の応用に適切
な受入部材５のタイプが１つだけしか必要とされないた
め、在庫管理がより容易になることである。
【００１８】この発明は特定の例示的な実施例を参照し
て説明したが、前掲の特許請求の範囲内の変形および均
等物はすべてこの発明に含まれるものとすることを理解
されたい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の第１の実施例の部分断面分解図であ
る。
【図２】図１のねじの組み立てられた状態の拡大図であ
る。
【図３】この発明の別の実施例の分解図である。
【図４】図３のねじの組み立てられた状態の拡大図であ
る。
【符号の説明】
１ ねじ部材 ５ 受入部材 １２ ヘッド固定ナット １３ ロッド固定ナット １４ 固定ナット １６ ロッド
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 ユルゲン・ハルムス ドイツ連邦共和国、デー・76337 バル トブロン・ライヒェンバッハ、ベルヒェ ンベーク、９

Claims (5)

    (57)【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】 骨をロッドと接続するための骨ねじであ
    って、前記骨ねじは、 ねじ切りされた部分とヘッドとを有するねじ部材を含
    み、前記ヘッドは球状セグメントの形をした部分を有
    し、さらに前記ねじ部材の前記ヘッドと前記ロッドとを
    受入れるための円筒形の受入部材を含み、前記受入部材
    は、第１の端部と、前記第１の端部に設けられ、前記ね
    じ切りされた部分を貫通させるための第１のボアと、前
    記ボアに隣接する内側の位置で前記ヘッドを受入れる中
    空の球状部分と、前記第１のボアの反対側に向かって開
    き、前記ねじ部材とその前記ヘッドとを挿入するための
    第２のボアとを有し、前記円筒形の受入部材はさらに、
    内ねじと外ねじとが設けられた２つの自由脚を備え、そ
    の断面は実質的にＵ字型であり、さらに前記ヘッドに作
    用する圧力手段と、 前記受入部材にその前記開いた端部でねじ込まれ、前記
    Ｕ字型の断面に挿入されると前記ロッドを固定するため
    の固定ねじと、 前記外ねじにはめ込まれる固定ナットとを含む、骨ね
    じ。
  2. 【請求項２】 前記ヘッドは、前記ねじ切りされた部分
    と反対側に、ねじ回しと係合するための係合部分を有す
    る、請求項１に記載の骨ねじ。
  3. 【請求項３】 前記圧力手段の前記ヘッドに面する側に
    形成される球状セグメントの形をした部分を含み、前記
    球状セグメントの形をした部分は前記ヘッドの方に向け
    られる、請求項１に記載の骨ねじ。
  4. 【請求項４】 前記圧力手段はディスクとして形成され
    る、請求項１に記載の骨ねじ。
  5. 【請求項５】 前記圧力手段はねじとして形成される、
    請求項１に記載の骨ねじ。
JP6036201A 1993-03-10 1994-03-08 骨ねじ Expired - Fee Related JP2510476B2 (ja)

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DE4307576A DE4307576C1 (de) 1993-03-10 1993-03-10 Knochenschraube
DE4307576:2 1993-03-10

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JPH06296621A JPH06296621A (ja) 1994-10-25
JP2510476B2 true JP2510476B2 (ja) 1996-06-26

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CA (1) CA2118562C (ja)
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US5443467A (en) 1995-08-22
JPH06296621A (ja) 1994-10-25
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KR0128371B1 (ko) 1998-04-01
DE59400258D1 (de) 1996-06-13
EP0614649B1 (de) 1996-05-08
CA2118562A1 (en) 1994-09-11
ES2089867T3 (es) 1996-10-01
CA2118562C (en) 1998-05-05
EP0614649A1 (de) 1994-09-14
DE4307576C1 (de) 1994-04-21

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